CN104535169A - Noise measurement apparatus based on fiber optic hydrophone array and measurement method thereof - Google Patents
Noise measurement apparatus based on fiber optic hydrophone array and measurement method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104535169A CN104535169A CN201410725845.7A CN201410725845A CN104535169A CN 104535169 A CN104535169 A CN 104535169A CN 201410725845 A CN201410725845 A CN 201410725845A CN 104535169 A CN104535169 A CN 104535169A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a noise measurement apparatus based on a fiber optic hydrophone array and a measurement method thereof. The measurement apparatus is characterized in that a data acquisition and transmission system consists of a measuring boat data acquisition system, a composite cable winch and a photoelectric composite cable. A fiber optic hydrophone planar array is fixed at an underwater platform; four underwater acoustic beacons are respectively installed at the four corners of the underwater platform; and the fiber optic hydrophone planar array is connected with the measuring boat data acquisition system by the photoelectric composite cable. The photoelectric composite cable is contracted or released by the composite cable winch arranged at the measuring boat. An underwater navigation body sails in the water under the fiber optic hydrophone planar array under the guidance of the underwater acoustic beacons. According to the invention, dynamic and holographic radiation noise measurement of the underwater navigation body can be carried out in a practical navigation state; defects of the existing radiation noise measurement technology method can be overcome; and urgent requirements of the damping and noise reduction research and equipment performance evaluation of the underwater navigation body can be met. Therefore, the noise measurement apparatus has the good practical value and good social benefits.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to underwater noise measurement field, relate to a kind of radiated noise measurement mechanism and measuring method of underwater sailing body, particularly a kind ofly can carry out near-field holography, real boat dynamic measurement device and measuring method to the distribution situation in underwater sailing body radiated noise source.
Background technology
The radiated noise of underwater sailing body has significant impact to its performance and completing of mission task, for realizing damping noise reduction, Design and manufacture manufacturer carries out a large amount of research work, and take many technical measures, but means comprehensively and effectively are still lacked to the evaluation of its effect and the Position Research of Main Noise Sources.
General at present three classes are mainly contained to underwater sailing body radiated noise measuring method, the first kind adopts the method based on far-field measurement, the method standard hydrophone is in the position (meet the far field condition of underwater sound field) enough far away apart from measured target, measure underwater sailing body OA overall noise level, underwater sailing body long for tens of rice rice even up to a hundred is considered as a point sound source by this method, although its built-up radiation noise level can be evaluated, position and the distribution of noise sources situation of its radiated noise cannot be distinguished; Equations of The Second Kind takes near-field scan method, scanning survey is carried out along underwater navigation surface certain distance by a nautical receiving set linear array, the distribution situation of noise source in measured target body can be obtained, but the method must be in moored condition at sail body just can carry out, and therefore its measurement result accurately cannot reflect the distribution of noise sources of underwater sailing body under true operational configuration and in various speed of a ship or plane situation; 3rd class adopts sail body surface under water to install multiple vibration transducer additional, by measuring the mechanical vibration situation of sail body housing, thus indirectly infer its radiated noise situation, the method can be carried out reality and to be navigated kinetic measurement, but the relation between mechanical vibration and radiated noise is by the impact of many factors, the accuracy of its measurement result indirectly calculated and credibility still can not meet the demands.There is no a kind of noise measuring method that can realize near field, holography, dynamic, the direct measurement of real boat at present.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is: for the deficiency of existing radiated noise measuring technique, and the active demand of underwater sailing body damping noise reduction research and equipment performance evaluation, a kind of radiated noise measurement mechanism and measuring method of underwater sailing body are proposed, the present invention can carry out the radiated noise measurement of dynamic holographic under real boat state to underwater sailing body, for the Position Research of the Main Noise Sources of the targets such as underwater sailing body and the evaluation of damping noise reduction effect provide means comprehensively and effectively.
The present invention for achieving the above object and adopt technical scheme be:
A kind of noise-measuring system based on Scale Fiber-Optic Hydrophone Array, comprise underwater sailing body, fibre optic hydrophone planar array, underwater platform, four underwateracoustic beacons, data acquisition and transmission system, data acquisition and transmission system are by the data acquisition system (DAS) of surveying vessel, composite rope winch, optoelectronic composite cable forms, it is characterized in that: fibre optic hydrophone planar array is fixed on underwater platform, four underwateracoustic beacons are arranged on underwater platform four angles respectively, fibre optic hydrophone planar array is connected with the data acquisition system (DAS) of surveying vessel by optoelectronic composite cable, optoelectronic composite cable is by the folding and unfolding of composite rope winch, composite rope winch is placed on surveying vessel, underwater sailing body under water acoustic marker navigates by water being furnished with in the water below fibre optic hydrophone planar array under guiding.
Described fibre optic hydrophone planar array is made up of at least 3 fibre optic hydrophone linear arrays and mounting bracket, all fibre optic hydrophone linear arrays is equidistantly arranged to be fixed on mounting bracket to form fine nautical receiving set planar array.
Described fibre optic hydrophone linear array is made up of the fibre optic hydrophone that at least 8 equidistantly arrange.
Described underwater platform is made up of underwater platform framed structure, four buoyancy tubes, four depth adjustment, four anchor systems, described underwater platform framed structure is the truss Steel Structure of load, four buoyancy tubes are placed on four angles of truss Steel Structure respectively, each buoyancy tube installs a depth adjustment, and the anchor cable of each anchor system is connected with depth adjustment.
Described depth adjustment is windlass, holds cable amount 150m, speed 0.5m/s.
Described anchor system is made up of the grip anchor of 2 ton of 2 pawl, the gravity anchor of 1T and anchor cable, and anchor cable is stainless steel cable wire, length 150m.
Utilize the measuring method of the noise-measuring system based on Scale Fiber-Optic Hydrophone Array of preceding claim, it is characterized in that carrying out according to the following steps: first carry out cloth anchor in predetermined test sea area, four anchor systems are laid apart from orthogonal by 150m × 50m, then fibre optic hydrophone planar array and four underwateracoustic beacons are arranged on underwater platform, and with towboat traction to test sea area, four angles of underwater platform are connected respectively by the anchor cable of each anchor system, be connected with surveying vessel with the fibre optic hydrophone planar array of optoelectronic composite cable by underwater platform again, after having connected, start the depth adjustment on underwater platform, by fibre optic hydrophone planar array sinking to predetermined depth, and by attitude leveling to horizontal level, then notify that measured zone is passed through in the orientation navigation that tested underwater sailing body indicates according to underwateracoustic beacon, complete the noise measurement of real boat dynamic holographic.
Near range observation ship, establish the ball float that anchors, optoelectronic composite cable is articulated on anchoring ball float; Be convenient to determine sink to the bottom the optoelectronic composite cable position and trend that lay.
The present invention adopts based on the rectangle plane array structure of fibre optic hydrophone as noise measurement sensor.The array number of fibre optic hydrophone planar array should be abundant, actual quantity depends on the auditory localization resolution of requirement of system design, fibre optic hydrophone has relatively high sensitivity, and good large rule group battle array performance, has that volume is little, lightweight, low cost and other advantages simultaneously.For ease of engineering construction, fibre optic hydrophone planar array adopts the fibre optic hydrophone linear array composition of equidistantly arrangement, and every bar nautical receiving set linear array is made up of the fibre optic hydrophone primitive of multiple equidistant arrangement.For convenience of noise data Treatment Analysis, generally should adopt the method for structuring the formation that spacing is equal in length and breadth, namely linear array arrangement pitches is equal with nautical receiving set arrangement pitches, and arrangement pitches is determined according to the survey frequency scope of requirement of system design, and general arrangement pitches should be less than 1/2 of minimum measurement wavelength.Because the severity control precision of underwater sailing body is relatively high, for reducing risks, avoid colliding with underwater platform, fibre optic hydrophone planar array employing level lays method, underwater sailing body above fibre optic hydrophone planar array by measuring.Simultaneously for reducing bottom reflection to the impact of noise measurement, fibre optic hydrophone planar array also should be suspended in apart from seabed certain altitude.
For ease of using, make attainable real boat dynamic holographic noise measurement system become a moveable system, this invention adopts the installation foundation platform of underwater platform as fibre optic hydrophone planar array of a movable rectangle.Underwater platform is positive buoyancy structure, can bubble through the water column and by towboat traction to targeted test sea area, positive buoyancy structure also can make it be kept suspended state when drawing in below the water surface by external force.After arriving scheduled measurement operation marine site, underwater platform adopts corner anchor system, method to carry out position and fixes, and underwater platform mooring anchor system establishes four, and each anchor system is made up of 1 grip anchor, 1 gravity anchor and 1 anchor cable.The method that the depth adjustment that underwater platform sinks under the water and attitude leveling adopt adjustment to connect the anchor cable length of anchor system realizes, and depth adjustment is provided with 4, and distribution is positioned at four angles of underwater platform, and depth adjustment device generally adopts windlass to realize.
For in measuring process, make tested underwater sailing body by predetermined air route accurately by the measured zone of fibre optic hydrophone planar array, this invention adopts on a kind of platform under water and installs the Navigation and localization of underwateracoustic beacon realization to tested underwater sailing body, guides tested underwater sailing body by the measured zone of fibre optic hydrophone planar array.Underwateracoustic beacon has four, select ripe market product, be arranged on four angles of the underwater platform of rectangle respectively, tested underwater sailing body, by receiving transmitting of these four underwateracoustic beacons, can realize the location to fibre optic hydrophone planar array by analytical calculation.
This invention adopts the connection and the information transmission that realize underwater optical fibre nautical receiving set planar array and measurement data acquisition system based on the data acquisition of surface measurement ship and the optoelectronic composite cable of long distance.Optoelectronic composite cable adopts the wire armoring optoelectronic composite cable of negative buoyancy force, and optoelectronic composite cable adopts and sinks to the bottom the method for laying, and lays along the vertical direction in underwater sailing body air route, to avoid the safety fairway scope of tested underwater sailing body.For keep a safe distance and the noise reducing surveying vessel on the interference of measurement result and impact, the distance between fibre optic hydrophone planar array and surveying vessel should be more than 10 times of tested underwater sailing body yardstick.
The present invention can carry out the radiated noise measurement of dynamic holographic under real boat state to underwater sailing body, provide the implementation method complete from nautical receiving set planar array, underwater platform, target navigation location, information transmission etc. with operability, the deficiency of existing radiated noise measuring technique and method can be made up, meet the active demand of underwater sailing body damping noise reduction research and equipment performance evaluation, there is good practical value and social benefit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Longitudinal profile schematic diagram when Fig. 1 is use of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is surface level schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is embodiments of the invention schematic diagram.
In figure: 1-underwater sailing body; 2-fibre optic hydrophone planar array; 3-underwater platform; 4-underwateracoustic beacon; 5-depth adjustment; 6-anchor system; 7-optoelectronic composite cable; 8-surveying vessel; 9-anchoring ball float.
Embodiment
Do below with reference to the concrete enforcement of accompanying drawing to content of the present invention and illustrate further, but actual fabrication Selecting parameter of the present invention, materials and structures size are not limited in given by embodiment.
See Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, the present embodiment is designed to the fibre optic hydrophone planar array of 2048 primitives, can be used for noise source spacing and is not more than 3m, and the reality boat dynamic holographic of the measurand of below frequency band range 5KHz is measured.
Fibre optic hydrophone face battle array 2 is made up of fibre optic hydrophone linear array and mounting bracket, fibre optic hydrophone linear array parameter is 128 × 16 primitives, array element distance 0.3m, parameter makes the mounting bracket of 16 fibre optic hydrophone linear arrays and fixed hydrophone linear array accordingly, fibre optic hydrophone linear array is fixed on mounting bracket, forms the fibre optic hydrophone planar array of 2048 primitives;
Underwater platform 3 is made up of underwater platform framed structure, buoyancy tube, depth adjustment 5, anchor system 6, and underwater platform framed structure is the truss Steel Structure of load, material selection Q620 weathering steel; Buoyancy tube has 4, being placed in 4 angles of underwater platform respectively, for making underwater platform become positive buoyancy characteristic, being of a size of φ 1m × 20m, material selection Q620 weathering steel; Depth adjustment has 4, is installed on 4 buoyancy tubes respectively, and depth adjustment adopts windlass, holds cable amount 150m, speed 0.5m/s; Anchor system is made up of the grip anchor of 2 pawls, gravity anchor and anchor cable, and anchor system has 4, is connected with depth adjustment 5 by anchor cable, and grip anchor is 2 fluke anchors of 2T, and gravity anchor is the pouring weight of 1T, and anchor cable is stainless steel cable wire, length 150m.
The underwateracoustic beacon 4 of navigator fix be provided with 4, select ripe goods shelf products ELP362A, be arranged on 4 angles of the underwater platform 3 of rectangle respectively, guide tested underwater sailing body 1 by the measured zone of fibre optic hydrophone planar array 2.
Data acquisition and transmission system are made up of the data acquisition system (DAS) of surveying vessel 8, composite rope winch, optoelectronic composite cable 7, fibre optic hydrophone planar array is connected by the data acquisition system (DAS) of optoelectronic composite cable with surveying vessel 8, optoelectronic composite cable 7 is by the folding and unfolding of composite rope winch, composite rope winch is placed on surveying vessel 8, and underwater sailing body 1 under water acoustic marker 4 navigates by water being furnished with in the water below fibre optic hydrophone planar array 2 under guiding.Data acquisition system (DAS) selects APP141-02 fibre optic hydrophone data acquisition system (DAS), and the electronic composite rope winch of ripe business machine DJ-11/150 selected by composite rope winch, and optoelectronic composite cable 7 is special product, cable footpath φ 25, fiber unit 32 core, electric unit 4 core, double wire armor structure.
The noise measurement course of work, first cloth anchor is carried out in predetermined test sea area, four anchor systems 6 are laid apart from orthogonal by 150m × 50m, then fibre optic hydrophone planar array 2 and four underwateracoustic beacons 4 are arranged on underwater platform 3, and with towboat traction to test sea area, four angles of underwater platform 3 are connected respectively by the anchor cable of each anchor system 6, be connected with surveying vessel 8 with the fibre optic hydrophone planar array 2 of optoelectronic composite cable 7 by underwater platform 3 again, during actual measurement operation, for ease of determining to sink to the bottom optoelectronic composite cable 7 position and trend that lay, the ball float 9 that anchors can be established near range observation ship, optoelectronic composite cable 7 is articulated on anchoring ball float 9, after having connected, start the depth adjustment 5 on underwater platform 3, by fibre optic hydrophone planar array 2 sinking to predetermined depth, and by attitude leveling to horizontal level, then notify that the orientation that tested underwater sailing body 1 indicates according to underwateracoustic beacon 4 is navigated by water by measured zone, complete the noise measurement of real boat dynamic holographic.
Claims (9)
1. the noise-measuring system based on Scale Fiber-Optic Hydrophone Array, comprise underwater sailing body, fibre optic hydrophone planar array, underwater platform, four underwateracoustic beacons, data acquisition and transmission system, data acquisition and transmission system are by the data acquisition system (DAS) of surveying vessel, composite rope winch, optoelectronic composite cable forms, it is characterized in that: fibre optic hydrophone planar array is fixed on underwater platform, four underwateracoustic beacons are arranged on underwater platform four angles respectively, fibre optic hydrophone planar array is connected with the data acquisition system (DAS) of surveying vessel by optoelectronic composite cable, optoelectronic composite cable is by the folding and unfolding of composite rope winch, composite rope winch is placed on surveying vessel, underwater sailing body under water acoustic marker navigates by water being furnished with in the water below fibre optic hydrophone planar array under guiding.
2. the noise-measuring system based on Scale Fiber-Optic Hydrophone Array according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described fibre optic hydrophone planar array is made up of at least 3 fibre optic hydrophone linear arrays and mounting bracket, all fibre optic hydrophone linear arrays are equidistantly arranged be fixed on mounting bracket and form fine nautical receiving set planar array.
3. the noise-measuring system based on Scale Fiber-Optic Hydrophone Array according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described fibre optic hydrophone linear array is made up of the fibre optic hydrophone that at least 8 equidistantly arrange.
4. the noise-measuring system based on Scale Fiber-Optic Hydrophone Array according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described underwater platform is made up of underwater platform framed structure, four buoyancy tubes, four depth adjustment, four anchor systems, described underwater platform framed structure is the truss Steel Structure of load, four buoyancy tubes are placed on four angles of truss Steel Structure respectively, each buoyancy tube installs a depth adjustment, and the anchor cable of each anchor system is connected with depth adjustment.
5. the noise-measuring system based on Scale Fiber-Optic Hydrophone Array according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described depth adjustment is windlass, holds cable amount 150m, speed 0.5m/s.
6. the noise-measuring system based on Scale Fiber-Optic Hydrophone Array according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described anchor system is made up of the grip anchor of 2 ton of 2 pawl, the gravity anchor of 1T pouring weight and anchor cable.
7. the noise-measuring system based on Scale Fiber-Optic Hydrophone Array according to claim 4, is characterized in that: anchor cable is stainless steel cable wire, length 150m.
8. the measuring method of the noise-measuring system based on Scale Fiber-Optic Hydrophone Array utilizing one of claim 1-7 described, it is characterized in that carrying out according to the following steps: first carry out cloth anchor in predetermined test sea area, four anchor systems (6) are laid apart from orthogonal by 150m × 50m, then fibre optic hydrophone planar array (2) and four underwateracoustic beacons (4) are arranged on underwater platform (3), and with towboat traction to test sea area, four angles of underwater platform (3) are connected respectively by the anchor cable of each anchor system (6), optoelectronic composite cable (7) is used to be connected with surveying vessel (8) by the fibre optic hydrophone planar array (2) of underwater platform (3) again, after having connected, start the depth adjustment (5) on underwater platform (3), by fibre optic hydrophone planar array (2) sinking to predetermined depth, and by attitude leveling to horizontal level, then notify that measured zone is passed through in the orientation navigation that tested underwater sailing body (1) indicates according to underwateracoustic beacon (4), complete the noise measurement of real boat dynamic holographic.
9. the measuring method of the noise-measuring system based on Scale Fiber-Optic Hydrophone Array according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: near range observation ship (8), establish the ball float (9) that anchors, optoelectronic composite cable (7) is articulated in anchoring ball float (9).
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| CN111189526A (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2020-05-22 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Device and method for measuring underwater radiation noise of ship in specific dock |
| CN112630782B (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2022-04-12 | 海鹰企业集团有限责任公司 | Method for realizing deep sea extended tracking by using floating and sinking load device |
| CN112630782A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-04-09 | 海鹰企业集团有限责任公司 | Method for realizing deep sea extended tracking by using floating and sinking load device |
| CN113063562A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-07-02 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Large-scale model hydrodynamic noise measurement method based on free floating mode |
| CN113238233A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-08-10 | 中船重工海声科技有限公司 | Device and method for quickly measuring sensitivity of long linear array element based on underwater camera |
| CN114018396A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-02-08 | 中国舰船研究设计中心 | Low-frequency underwater sound measurement system and layout method |
| CN116956374A (en) * | 2023-07-24 | 2023-10-27 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | Integrated hydrophone array for measuring near-field radiation noise in shallow sea environment |
| CN116956374B (en) * | 2023-07-24 | 2024-05-28 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | Integrated hydrophone array for measuring near-field radiation noise in shallow sea environment |
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