CN105297903B - A kind of big shake and small shake rigidity switching shock-absorbing spherical support and its shock-dampening method - Google Patents
A kind of big shake and small shake rigidity switching shock-absorbing spherical support and its shock-dampening method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105297903B CN105297903B CN201510801893.4A CN201510801893A CN105297903B CN 105297903 B CN105297903 B CN 105297903B CN 201510801893 A CN201510801893 A CN 201510801893A CN 105297903 B CN105297903 B CN 105297903B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of big shake and small shake rigidity switching shock-absorbing spherical support and its shock-dampening method.Present invention employs displacement case, damping plate spring and spacer pin, realizes small shake and the lower rigidity switching of big shake effect, resists the purpose of varying level geological process respectively；When earthquake generation and when side force exceedes horizontal earthquake force threshold, spacer pin is cut, and spacing constraint is released from, and slide plate is freely slidable, medium-height trestle turn into resilient support can translation and rotation, so as to which kinetic energy caused by earthquake is converted into potential energy；Meanwhile in slipping, frictional resistance consumes a part of seismic energy again, extends structural cycle, reaches the effect of damping.Compared with existing shock-absorbing spherical support, biggest advantage of the present invention is to realize spherical bearing in small shake and the rigidity under the conditions of big shake to switch, the internal force of the lower structure of big shake effect can be substantially reduced, has the characteristics that simple in construction, anti-seismic performance is stable, reliable, durable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the building structure field in civil engineering, and in particular to a kind of big shake and small shake rigidity switching damping
Spherical bearing and its shock-dampening method.
Background technology
At present, extensively using shock-absorbing spherical support in large-scale steel structure.Spherical bearing can realize superstructure and bottom
Interstructural translation and rotation, and resilient support can be provided to superstructure.Existing shock-absorbing spherical support includes：Upper base plate,
Upper bracket backing plate, upper plane slide plate, spherical crown liner plate, medium-height trestle, Inner displacements case, damping plate spring and outer displacement case etc..
As a result of parts such as upper base plate, spherical crown liner plate, medium-height trestle, Inner displacements case, outer displacement case and damping plate springs, because
This existing shock-absorbing spherical support, restricted rotational movement can be realized, and resilient support is provided to translation for level, so as in geological process
Transmission of the lower vibrations for reducing ground and substructure to superstructure.
However, shock-absorbing spherical support generally requires to bear certain water under normal use and small shake effect in building structure
Flat load needs to turn into resilient support without producing displacement in big shake.And existing shock-absorbing spherical support does not account for
To small shake and the lower rigidity switching of big shake effect.
The content of the invention
Shock-absorbing spherical support does not account for the problem of small shake acts on lower rigidity switching with big shake in the prior art for more than,
The present invention proposes to improve to traditional shock-absorbing spherical support, there is provided a kind of big shake and small shake rigidity switching shock-absorbing spherical support, from
And solve the problems, such as existing spherical bearing can not be in varying level geological process down conversion rigidity.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of big shake and small shake rigidity switching shock-absorbing spherical support.
The big shake of the present invention includes with small shake rigidity switching shock-absorbing spherical support：Upper base plate, upper bracket backing plate, upper plane are slided
Plate, spherical crown liner plate, spherical slide plate, medium-height trestle, undersetting backing plate, Inner displacements case, damping plate spring, lower plane slide plate, outer displacement case,
Connection backing plate and spacer pin；Wherein, the bottom of upper base plate has cavity, centered on symmetrical structure；In the cavity of upper base plate,
Upper bracket backing plate, upper plane slide plate and spherical crown liner plate are stacked with successively, and the top of spherical crown liner plate has groove, upper plane slide plate edge
In groove；Medium-height trestle includes the base of the centrosymmetric pillar on top and the cuboid of bottom, and the top of pillar has
The concave surface corresponding with the shape of spherical crown liner plate, spherical crown liner plate is connected with medium-height trestle by spherical slide plate；The top of medium-height trestle
Edge has projection, is stuck in the cavity of upper base plate；The base of medium-height trestle is connected to by undersetting backing plate and lower plane slide plate
In outer displacement case；Base, Inner displacements case and the outer displacement case of medium-height trestle are twin shaft symmetrical structure, i.e., symmetrical simultaneously on x-axis
And on y-axis symmetrical structure, on along the x-axis direction, there is space, in medium-height trestle between Inner displacements case and the base of medium-height trestle
Base both ends along the x-axis direction damping plate spring is set respectively, there is no space between Inner displacements case and outer displacement case, the two passes through
Connection backing plate connects；On along the y-axis direction, there is no space, Inner displacements case and outer position between Inner displacements case and the base of medium-height trestle
There is space between shifting case, damping plate spring is set respectively on the outside of the both ends of Inner displacements case along the y-axis direction；The base edge of medium-height trestle
The both ends in y-axis direction form projection beyond pillar respectively, and multiple circles parallel to z-axis are respectively arranged with the projection at both ends
Hole, through hole and groove are respectively arranged with lower flat runner and outer displacement the case position corresponding with circular hole；Multiple spacer pin difference
It is arranged in circular hole, through hole and groove, so as in the base and outer displacement case of multiple spacer pins insertion medium-height trestle；When vibrations are less than
During horizontal earthquake force threshold set in advance, spacer pin is equivalent to safeties, by the relative position of medium-height trestle and outer displacement case
It is fixed, arbitrarily rotated around z-axis and around x-axis and y-axis restricted rotational movement at medium-height trestle；When earthquake generation and side force exceed flatly
During brisance threshold value, spacer pin is cut, and spacing constraint is released from, upper plane slide plate, lower plane slide plate and spherical slide plate free skating
It is dynamic.
Base in medium-height trestle and embedded spacer pin in outer displacement case, both ends are respectively symmetrically arranged more than two spacing
Pin, the sum of spacer pin is n, and n is >=4 even number.The section of spacer pin is circle；Using intensity height, hardness height and without stream width
Material, such as 50 carbon junction steels, such a hardness of steel, hardness are higher and without obvious stream width.Corresponded on spacer pin medium-height trestle with it is lower smooth
The interface of plate is provided with a circle breach, forms plane of weakness, when earthquake generation and when side force exceedes horizontal earthquake force threshold, limits
Position pin is cut along plane of weakness.
Inner displacements case has the side wall that four sides forms a circle, Inner displacement casees a pair of sidewalls relative on along the x-axis direction
Bottom has outside projection, along the x-axis direction there is inside projecting through to be connected with the top of a pair of sidewalls of outer displacement case
Backing plate connects；The top of Inner displacement casees a pair of sidewalls relative on along the y-axis direction has inside projection, the bottom with medium-height trestle
There is the outside connection backing plate that projects through to connect at the both ends of portion along the y-axis direction.
Upper plane slide plate, lower flat runner and spherical slide plate are slide units, realize translation and rotation respectively, material is using poly-
Tetrafluoroethene.It is respectively arranged with oil-stored hole in the upper surface of upper plane slide plate, lower flat runner and spherical slide plate, and grease is to subtract
Few sliding friction and abrasion；Grease uses silicone grease.
Vibration damping leaf spring is bolted on the both ends of medium-height trestle along the x-axis direction, or the both ends of Inner displacements case in the y-direction
Outside.
The present invention big shake with it is small shake rigidity switching shock-absorbing spherical support translation by the elastic deformation of damping plate spring come
Realize；Rotation is realized by the slip between spherical crown liner plate and spherical slide plate.
The interface that medium-height trestle and lower flat runner are corresponded on spacer pin is provided with a circle breach, forms plane of weakness；Work as vibrations
During less than horizontal earthquake force threshold set in advance, spacer pin is relative with outer displacement case by medium-height trestle equivalent to safeties
Position is fixed, and can arbitrarily be rotated around z-axis and around x, y-axis restricted rotational movement at medium-height trestle.When earthquake generation and side force exceed level
During earthquake force threshold, spacer pin is cut along plane of weakness, and safeties are opened, and spacing constraint is released from, upper plane slide plate, under
Freely slidable at plane slide plate and spherical slide plate, medium-height trestle can realize translation and all directions in x directions and y directions both direction
Rotation, elastic bearing is realized by damping plate spring, so as to which kinetic energy caused by earthquake is converted into potential energy, reduces what structure was subject to
Seismic force；Meanwhile in slipping, frictional resistance consumes a part of seismic energy again so that the stress of structure is more reasonable,
The safety of protection structure, extends structural cycle, reaches the effect of damping.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a kind of big shake and the damping side of small shake rigidity switching shock-absorbing spherical support
Method.
The big shake of the present invention and the shock-dampening method of small shake rigidity switching shock-absorbing spherical support, comprise the following steps：
1) horizontal earthquake force threshold is determined according to actual place condition and structure type, selected according to horizontal earthquake force threshold
The material and size of spacer pin, the interface that medium-height trestle and lower flat runner are corresponded on spacer pin sets plane of weakness, by spacer pin
In embedded medium-height trestle and outer displacement case；
2) it is processed, makes according to specification, assembling, transporting and in-site installation, in engineering ground, shock-absorbing spherical support
Outer displacement case is connected by embedded board (being usually steel anchor slab) with substructure, and upper base plate is bolted with superstructure；
3) when vibrations are less than horizontal earthquake force threshold set in advance, spacer pin is in closure state, by medium-height trestle and
The relative position of outer displacement case is fixed, and can arbitrarily be rotated around z-axis and around x-axis and y-axis restricted rotational movement at medium-height trestle；
4) when earthquake generation and when side force exceedes horizontal earthquake force threshold, spacer pin is cut along plane of weakness, it is spacing about
Beam is released from, and slidably, medium-height trestle can realize x directions and y directions two for upper plane slide plate, lower plane slide plate and spherical slide plate
The translation in individual direction and the rotation of all directions, elastic bearing is realized by damping plate spring, so as to which kinetic energy caused by earthquake be changed
For potential energy, reduce the seismic force that structure is subject to；It is real meanwhile in slipping, frictional resistance consumes a part of seismic energy again
Small shake and the lower rigidity switching of big shake effect are showed.
Wherein, in step 1), in base and the embedded spacer pin in outer displacement case of medium-height trestle, both ends are respectively symmetrically arranged
More than two spacer pins, the sum of spacer pin is n, and n is >=4 even number.The strength of materials height of spacer pin, hardness are high and without stream
The material of width, optional 50 carbon junction steel, such a hardness of steel, hardness are higher and without obvious stream width.The size of spacer pin meets：
Wherein, F is horizontal earthquake force threshold (N), and n is the sum of spacer pin, fvFor the shear strength of the material of spacer pin
Standard value (MPa), d1For the diameter (mm) of the plane of weakness of spacer pin, d2For the diameter (mm) of spacer pin.
In step 2), beaten again after temperature reaches mean annual temperature and Each part completion of discharge after installation positioning
Kaifeng dress, comes into operation after strict centering, leveling.
Advantages of the present invention：
Present invention employs displacement case, damping plate spring and spacer pin, realizes small shake and the lower rigidity switching of big shake effect, point
Not Di Kang varying level geological process purpose；When earthquake generation and side force earthquake force threshold over one's competence, spacer pin is cut
Disconnected, spacing constraint is released from, and slide plate is freely slidable, medium-height trestle turn into resilient support can translation and rotation so that by earthquake
Caused kinetic energy is converted to potential energy；Meanwhile in slipping, frictional resistance consumes a part of seismic energy again, extension finishes
In the structure cycle, reach the effect of damping.Compared with existing shock-absorbing spherical support, biggest advantage of the present invention is to realize ball-type branch
Seat switches in small shake and the rigidity under the conditions of big shake, can be substantially reduced the internal force of the big lower structure of shake effect, have it is simple in construction,
The features such as anti-seismic performance is stable, reliable, durable.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the big shake of the present invention switches the encapsulation figure of shock-absorbing spherical support with small shake rigidity；
Fig. 2 is that the big shake of the present invention switches the sectional view of shock-absorbing spherical support with small shake rigidity, wherein, (a) is x directions
Sectional view, (b) are the sectional view in y directions；
Fig. 3 is that the big shake of the present invention and small shake rigidity switch the top view cross section after being cut along medium-height trestle of shock-absorbing spherical support
Figure；
Fig. 4 is the partial enlarged drawing that the big shake of the present invention switches the spacer pin of shock-absorbing spherical support with small shake rigidity.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, by specific embodiment, the present invention is expanded on further.
Fig. 1 is the encapsulation figure of the shock-absorbing spherical support of the present invention.
As shown in Fig. 2 the shock-absorbing spherical support of the present embodiment includes：Upper base plate 1, upper bracket backing plate 2, upper plane slide plate 3,
Spherical crown liner plate 4, spherical slide plate 5, medium-height trestle 6, Inner displacements case 7, connection backing plate 8, damping plate spring 9, undersetting backing plate 10, lower plane
Slide plate 11, outer displacement case 12 and spacer pin 13；Wherein, the bottom of upper base plate 1 has cavity, centered on symmetrical structure；Upper
In the cavity of seat board, upper plane slide plate 3 is connected by upper bracket backing plate 2 with upper base plate 1, and the top of spherical crown liner plate 4 has groove, on
Plane slide plate 3 is embedded in groove；Medium-height trestle 6 includes the base of the centrosymmetric pillar on top and the cuboid of bottom, branch
The top of post has the concave surface corresponding with the shape of spherical crown liner plate, is connected spherical crown liner plate with medium-height trestle by spherical slide plate 5；
The pillar tip edge of medium-height trestle 6 has projection, is stuck in the cavity of upper base plate 1；The base of medium-height trestle 6 passes through undersetting backing plate
10 and lower plane slide plate 11 be connected in outer displacement case 12；Base, Inner displacements case and the outer displacement case of medium-height trestle 6 are on x
Axial symmetry and on y-axis symmetrical structure, on along the x-axis direction, has space between Inner displacements case and the base of medium-height trestle,
Both ends on the base of medium-height trestle along the x-axis direction set damping plate spring 9 respectively, do not have between Inner displacements case 7 and outer displacement case 12
There is space, the two is connected by connection backing plate 8；On along the y-axis direction, there is no space, Inner between Inner displacements case 7 and medium-height trestle 6
There is space between displacement case 7 and outer displacement case 12, damping plate spring is set respectively on the outside of the both ends of Inner displacements case along the y-axis direction
9；The both ends of the base of medium-height trestle 6 along the y-axis direction form projection respectively beyond pillar respectively, are set respectively in the projection at both ends
There are 2 or 3 circular holes parallel to z-axis, set respectively in lower flat runner 11 and outer displacement case 12 position corresponding with circular hole
There are through hole and groove；The embedded spacer pin 13 in circular hole, through hole and groove, so as to respectively be symmetrically arranged 2 or 3 limits at both ends
Position is sold, totally 4 or 6 spacer pins.Upper bracket backing plate 2, connection backing plate 8 and undersetting backing plate 10 use stainless steel.Upper plane is slided
Plate 3, spherical slide plate 5 and lower plane slide plate 11 use polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
As shown in figure 3, medium-height trestle can realize the translation in x directions and y directions both direction and the rotation of all directions, pass through
Damping plate spring realizes elastic bearing, so as to which kinetic energy caused by earthquake is converted into potential energy, reduces the seismic force that structure is subject to.
Fig. 4 is the partial enlarged drawing of spacer pin, and the interface that medium-height trestle 6 and lower flat runner 11 are corresponded on spacer pin 13 is set
There is a circle breach, form plane of weakness.
When vibrations are less than horizontal earthquake force threshold set in advance, spacer pin is equivalent to safeties, in closed form
State, the relative position of medium-height trestle and outer displacement case is fixed；When earthquake generation and side force exceed horizontal earthquake set in advance
During force threshold, spacer pin is cut along plane of weakness, and safeties are opened, and spacing constraint is released from, upper plane slide plate, lower plane
Slide plate and spherical slide plate are freely slidable, and medium-height trestle can realize the translation in x directions and y directions both direction and turning for all directions
It is dynamic, turn into elastic bearing, so as to which kinetic energy caused by earthquake is converted into potential energy, reduce the seismic force that structure is subject to；Meanwhile in cunning
During shifting, frictional resistance consumes a part of seismic energy again so that and the stress of structure is more reasonable, the safety of protection structure,
Structural cycle is extended, reaches the effect of damping.
When being used in concrete engineering, design parameter (including size, bearing capacity, X to rigidity value of, Y-direction etc.) will regard tool
Depending on body situation, table 1 provides the scope of suggestion rigidity Design value：
The shake greatly of table 1 and the suggestion rigidity Design value (unit of small shake rigidity switching shock-absorbing spherical support：kN/m)
It is finally noted that the purpose for publicizing and implementing example is that help further understands the present invention, but this area
Technical staff be appreciated that：Without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and the appended claims, it is various to replace and repair
It is all possible for changing.Therefore, the present invention should not be limited to embodiment disclosure of that, and the scope of protection of present invention is to weigh
The scope that sharp claim defines is defined.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of big shake and small shake rigidity switching shock-absorbing spherical support, it is characterised in that the shock-absorbing spherical support includes：The seat of honour
Plate, upper bracket backing plate, upper plane slide plate, spherical crown liner plate, spherical slide plate, medium-height trestle, undersetting backing plate, Inner displacements case, vibration damper plate
Spring, lower plane slide plate, outer displacement case, connection backing plate and spacer pin；Wherein, the bottom of the upper base plate has cavity, centered on
Symmetrical structure；In the cavity of upper base plate, upper bracket backing plate, upper plane slide plate and spherical crown liner plate, the ball are stacked with successively
The top of hat liner plate has groove, and upper plane slide plate is embedded in groove；The medium-height trestle includes the centrosymmetric branch on top
The base of post and the cuboid of bottom, the top of pillar have the concave surface corresponding with the shape of spherical crown liner plate, slided by sphere
Spherical crown liner plate is connected by plate with medium-height trestle；The tip edge of medium-height trestle has projection, is stuck in the cavity of upper base plate；The middle branch
The base of frame is connected in outer displacement case by undersetting backing plate and lower plane slide plate；Base, the Inner displacement casees of the medium-height trestle
It is twin shaft symmetrical structure with outer displacement case, i.e., on x-axis symmetrically and on y-axis symmetrical structure；Along the x-axis direction
On, there is space between Inner displacements case and the base of medium-height trestle, set and subtract respectively at the base both ends along the x-axis direction of medium-height trestle
Leaf spring is shaken, does not have space between Inner displacements case and outer displacement case, the two is connected by connection backing plate；On along the y-axis direction, Inner positions
Moving between the base of case and medium-height trestle does not have space, has space between Inner displacements case and outer displacement case, in Inner displacements case along y-axis
Damping plate spring is set respectively on the outside of the both ends in direction；The both ends of the base of the medium-height trestle along the y-axis direction exceed branch cylindricality respectively
Into projection, multiple circular holes parallel to z-axis are respectively arranged with the projection at both ends, in lower flat runner and outer displacement case and circular hole
Corresponding position is respectively arranged with through hole and groove；Multiple spacer pins are arranged in circular hole, through hole and groove, so as to spacer pin
In embedded medium-height trestle and outer displacement case；When vibrations are less than horizontal earthquake force threshold set in advance, spacer pin by medium-height trestle and
The relative position of outer displacement case is fixed, and is arbitrarily rotated and around x-axis and y-axis restricted rotational movement around z-axis at medium-height trestle；When earthquake occurs
And side force, when exceeding horizontal earthquake force threshold, spacer pin is cut, and spacing constraint is released from, upper plane slide plate, lower plane are slided
Plate and spherical slide plate are slidably.
2. shock-absorbing spherical support as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in base and the insertion in outer displacement case of medium-height trestle
Spacer pin, both ends are respectively symmetrically arranged more than two spacer pins, and the sum of spacer pin is n, and n is >=4 even number.
3. shock-absorbing spherical support as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that corresponded on the spacer pin medium-height trestle with it is lower smooth
The interface of plate is provided with a circle breach, forms plane of weakness, when earthquake generation and when side force exceedes horizontal earthquake force threshold, limits
Position pin is cut along plane of weakness.
4. shock-absorbing spherical support as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the size of the spacer pin meets：
d2=1.15d1
Wherein, F is horizontal earthquake force threshold, unit N；N is the sum of spacer pin, and n is >=4 even number；For the material of spacer pin
The shear strength standard value of material, unit MPa, be spacer pin plane of weakness diameter, unit mm, be spacer pin diameter,
Unit is mm.
5. shock-absorbing spherical support as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the section of the spacer pin is circle；Using strong
Degree height, hardness are high and without the material of obvious stream width.
6. shock-absorbing spherical support as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the Inner displacements case has what four sides formed a circle
Side wall, the bottom of Inner displacement casees a pair of sidewalls relative on along the x-axis direction have outside projection, a pair with outer displacement case
There is the inside connection backing plate that projects through to connect along the x-axis direction at the top of side wall；Inner displacements case phase on along the y-axis direction
To the top of a pair of sidewalls there is inside projection, there is outside projection with the both ends of the bottom of medium-height trestle along the y-axis direction
Connected by connection backing plate.
7. shock-absorbing spherical support as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the damping plate spring is bolted on middle branch
On the outside of the both ends of frame along the x-axis direction, or the both ends of Inner displacements case in the y-direction.
8. shock-absorbing spherical support as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the shock-absorbing spherical support, set along the rigidity of x-axis
Evaluation is between 3000~5500；Along the rigidity Design value of y-axis between 1000~6500.
9. a kind of big shake and the shock-dampening method of small shake rigidity switching shock-absorbing spherical support, it is characterised in that the shock-dampening method bag
Include following steps：
1) horizontal earthquake force threshold is determined according to actual place condition and structure type, selected according to horizontal earthquake force threshold spacing
The material and size of pin, and the interface for corresponding on spacer pin medium-height trestle and lower flat runner sets plane of weakness, spacer pin is embedding
Enter in medium-height trestle and outer displacement case；
2) it is connected in engineering ground, the outer displacement case of shock-absorbing spherical support by embedded board with substructure, upper base plate and top
Structure is bolted；
3) when vibrations are less than horizontal earthquake force threshold set in advance, spacer pin is in closure state, by medium-height trestle and outer position
The relative position for moving case is fixed, and can arbitrarily be rotated around z-axis and around x-axis and y-axis restricted rotational movement at medium-height trestle；
4) when earthquake generation and when side force exceedes horizontal earthquake force threshold, spacer pin is cut along plane of weakness, spacing constraint quilt
Release, slidably, medium-height trestle can realize x directions and two, y directions side for upper plane slide plate, lower plane slide plate and spherical slide plate
To translation and all directions rotation, elastic bearing is realized by damping plate spring, so as to which kinetic energy caused by earthquake is converted into gesture
Can, reduce the seismic force that structure is subject to；Meanwhile in slipping, frictional resistance consumes a part of seismic energy again, realizes
Small shake and the lower rigidity switching of big shake effect.
10. shock-dampening method as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that in step 1), the size of the spacer pin meets：
d2=1.15d1
Wherein, F is horizontal earthquake force threshold, unit N；N is the sum of spacer pin, and n is >=4 even number；For the material of spacer pin
The shear strength standard value of material, unit MPa, be spacer pin plane of weakness diameter, unit mm, be spacer pin diameter,
Unit is mm.
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| CN114991332B (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2022-11-15 | 北京市科学技术研究院城市安全与环境科学研究所 | Vibration and shock double-control three-dimensional vibration isolation combined supporting member with negative Poisson ratio effect |
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| JP3748913B2 (en) * | 1995-03-22 | 2006-02-22 | 高雄 近藤 | Building infrastructure with strong earthquake control function in buildings |
| CN2579984Y (en) * | 2002-11-25 | 2003-10-15 | 徐国彬 | Variable stiffness spring steel support base |
| CN1159498C (en) * | 2002-12-30 | 2004-07-28 | 徐国彬 | Hyperbolic shaped steel bearing for engineering structure |
| CN204385607U (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-06-10 | 汕头市建安实业（集团）有限公司 | Antidetonation Connection Block |
| CN205134538U (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2016-04-06 | 中铁城建集团北京工程有限公司 | Damping ball type support is switched with little shake rigidity to big shake |
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