CN105297903A - Large earthquake and small earthquake stiffness switch shock absorbing spherical bearing and shock absorbing method thereof - Google Patents
Large earthquake and small earthquake stiffness switch shock absorbing spherical bearing and shock absorbing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105297903A CN105297903A CN201510801893.4A CN201510801893A CN105297903A CN 105297903 A CN105297903 A CN 105297903A CN 201510801893 A CN201510801893 A CN 201510801893A CN 105297903 A CN105297903 A CN 105297903A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a large earthquake and small earthquake stiffness switch shock absorbing spherical bearing and a shock absorbing method thereof. The purpose of achieving stiffness switch under the actions of a large earthquake and a small earthquake and resisting different horizontal earthquake actions respectively are achieved by adopting displacement boxes, shock absorbing leaf springs and limiting pins. When an earthquake occurs and the lateral force exceeds a horizontal earthquake force threshold value, the limiting pins are cut off, limiting constraint is relieved, a sliding plate can slide freely, a middle bracket becomes an elastic support and can conduct translational motion and rotation, and the kinetic energy produced by the earthquake can be converted into the potential energy; meanwhile, in the slippage process, frictional resistance consumes part earthquake energy, the structural cycle is prolonged, and the shock absorbing effect is achieved. Compared with an existing shock absorbing spherical bearing, the large earthquake and small earthquake stiffness switch shock absorbing spherical bearing has the biggest advantages that stiffness switch under the condition of the large earthquake and the small earthquake is achieved, the internal force of the structure under the large earthquake can be obviously reduced, the structure is simple, and the earthquake resistance performance is stable, reliable and endurable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the building structure field in civil engineering, be specifically related to a kind of large shake and switch shock-absorbing spherical support and shock-dampening method thereof with little shake rigidity.
Background technology
At present, extensive use shock-absorbing spherical support in large-scale steel structure.Spherical bearing can realize translation between superstructure and substructure and rotation, and can provide resiliency supported to superstructure.Existing shock-absorbing spherical support comprises: upper base plate, upper bracket backing plate, upper plane slide plate, spherical crown liner plate, medium-height trestle, Inner displacement case, damping plate spring and outer displacement case etc.
Owing to have employed the parts such as upper base plate, spherical crown liner plate, medium-height trestle, Inner displacement case, outer displacement case and damping plate spring, therefore existing shock-absorbing spherical support, restricted rotational movement can be realized, and provide resiliency supported to translation for level, thus under geological process, reduce the transmission of vibrations to superstructure of ground and substructure.
But in building structure, shock-absorbing spherical support often needs use normal and bear certain horizontal loading under little shake effect and do not produce displacement, and needs to become resiliency supported when large shake.And existing shock-absorbing spherical support do not consider little shake and large shake effect under rigidity switch.
Summary of the invention
The problem that rigidity switches under little shake and large shake effect is not considered for shock-absorbing spherical support in above prior art, the present invention proposes to improve to traditional shock-absorbing spherical support, there is provided a kind of large shake to switch shock-absorbing spherical support with little shake rigidity, thus solve existing spherical bearing cannot in the problem of varying level geological process down conversion rigidity.
One object of the present invention is to provide a kind of large shake to switch shock-absorbing spherical support with little shake rigidity.
Large shake of the present invention and little shake rigidity switch shock-absorbing spherical support and comprise: upper base plate, upper bracket backing plate, upper plane slide plate, spherical crown liner plate, sphere slide plate, medium-height trestle, undersetting backing plate, Inner displacement case, damping plate spring, lower plane slide plate, outer displacement case, connection backing plate and spacer pin; Wherein, the bottom of upper base plate has cavity, centered by symmetrical structure; In the cavity of upper base plate, stacked upper bracket backing plate, upper plane slide plate and spherical crown liner plate successively, the top of spherical crown liner plate has groove, and upper plane slide plate is embedded in groove; Medium-height trestle comprises the base of the centrosymmetric pillar on top and the cuboid of bottom, and the top of pillar has the concave surface corresponding with the shape of spherical crown liner plate, is connected by spherical crown liner plate by sphere slide plate with medium-height trestle; The tip edge of medium-height trestle has projection, is stuck in the cavity of upper base plate; The base of medium-height trestle is connected in outer displacement case by undersetting backing plate and lower plane slide plate; The base of medium-height trestle, Inner displacement case and outer displacement case are twin shaft symmetrical structure, namely about x-axis symmetry and about y-axis symmetrical structure, going up along the x-axis direction, between Inner displacement case and the base of medium-height trestle, there is space, at the base two ends along the x-axis direction of medium-height trestle, damping plate spring is set respectively, do not have space between Inner displacement case and outer displacement case, the two is connected by connection backing plate; Going up along the y-axis direction, between Inner displacement case and the base of medium-height trestle, there is no space, between Inner displacement case and outer displacement case, there is space, outside Inner displacement case two ends along the y-axis direction, damping plate spring is being set respectively; The base two ends along the y-axis direction of medium-height trestle exceed pillar respectively and form projection, and in the projection at two ends, be respectively arranged with multiple circular hole being parallel to z-axis, the position corresponding with circular hole with outer displacement case at lower flat runner is respectively arranged with through hole and groove; Multiple spacer pin is separately positioned in circular hole, through hole and groove, thus multiple spacer pin embeds in the base of medium-height trestle and outer displacement case; When shake be less than the horizontal seismic force threshold value preset time, spacer pin is equivalent to safeties, is fixed by the relative position of medium-height trestle and outer displacement case, and medium-height trestle place to rotate arbitrarily and around x-axis and y-axis restricted rotational movement around z-axis; When earthquake generation and lateral force exceedes horizontal seismic force threshold value time, spacer pin is cut off, and spacing constraint is removed, and upper plane slide plate, lower plane slide plate and sphere slide plate are free to slide.
In the base and outer displacement case of medium-height trestle, embed spacer pin, two ends respectively arrange plural spacer pin symmetrically, spacer pin add up to n, n is the even number of >=4.The cross section of spacer pin is circular; Adopt that intensity is high, hardness is high and without the material of stream width, as 50 carbon junction steels, this kind of hardness of steel, hardness are higher and without obviously flowing width.On spacer pin, the interface of corresponding medium-height trestle and lower flat runner is provided with a circle breach, formed plane of weakness, when earthquake generation and lateral force exceedes horizontal seismic force threshold value time, spacer pin is cut off along plane of weakness.
Inner displacement case has the sidewall that four sides forms a circle, and Inner displacement case has outside projection in the bottom of going up relative pair of sidewalls along the x-axis direction, has the inside connection backing plate that projects through along the x-axis direction be connected with the top of the pair of sidewalls of outer displacement case; Inner displacement case has inside projection at the top of going up relative pair of sidewalls along the y-axis direction, has the outside connection backing plate that projects through be connected with the two ends along the y-axis direction, bottom of medium-height trestle.
Upper plane slide plate, lower flat runner and sphere slide plate are slide units, realize translation and rotation respectively, and material adopts polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).Be respectively arranged with oil-stored hole at the upper surface of upper plane slide plate, lower flat runner and sphere slide plate, and grease is to reduce sliding friction and abrasion; Grease adopts silicone grease.
Vibration damping leaf spring is bolted on medium-height trestle two ends along the x-axis direction, or outside Inner displacement case two ends in the y-direction.
The translation that large shake of the present invention and little shake rigidity switch shock-absorbing spherical support is realized by the elastic deformation of damping plate spring; The slip rotated through between spherical crown liner plate and sphere slide plate realizes.
On spacer pin, the interface of corresponding medium-height trestle and lower flat runner is provided with a circle breach, forms plane of weakness; When shake be less than the horizontal seismic force threshold value preset time, spacer pin is equivalent to safeties, is fixed by the relative position of medium-height trestle and outer displacement case, and medium-height trestle place can to rotate arbitrarily and around x, y-axis restricted rotational movement around z-axis.When earthquake generation and lateral force exceedes horizontal seismic force threshold value time, spacer pin is cut off along plane of weakness, safeties are opened, spacing constraint is removed, upper plane slide plate, lower plane slide plate and sphere slide plate place can be free to slide, and medium-height trestle can realize the translation of x direction and y direction both direction and the rotation of all directions, realizes elastomeric bearing by damping plate spring, thus the kinetic energy that earthquake produces is converted to potential energy, reduce the seismic forces that structure is subject to; Meanwhile, in slipping, frictional resistance consumes again a part of seismic energy, and make the stressed more reasonable of structure, the safety of operator guards, extends structural cycle, reaches the effect of damping.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of large shake and little shake rigidity to switch the shock-dampening method of shock-absorbing spherical support.
Large shake of the present invention and little shake rigidity switch the shock-dampening method of shock-absorbing spherical support, comprise the following steps:
1) according to actual site condition and form of structure determination horizontal seismic force threshold value, according to material and the size of horizontal seismic force Threshold selection spacer pin, on spacer pin, the interface of corresponding medium-height trestle and lower flat runner arranges plane of weakness, is embedded by spacer pin in medium-height trestle and outer displacement case;
2) carry out processing according to specification, make, assemble, transport and in-site installation, at engineering ground, the outer displacement case of shock-absorbing spherical support is connected with substructure by embedded board (being generally steel anchor slab), and upper base plate and superstructure are bolted;
3) when shake be less than the horizontal seismic force threshold value preset time, spacer pin is in closure state, is fixed by the relative position of medium-height trestle and outer displacement case, and medium-height trestle place can to rotate arbitrarily and around x-axis and y-axis restricted rotational movement around z-axis;
4) when earthquake generation and lateral force exceedes horizontal seismic force threshold value time, spacer pin is cut off along plane of weakness, spacing constraint is removed, upper plane slide plate, lower plane slide plate and sphere slide plate are free to slide, medium-height trestle can realize the translation of x direction and y direction both direction and the rotation of all directions, realize elastomeric bearing by damping plate spring, thus the kinetic energy that earthquake produces is converted to potential energy, reduce the seismic forces that structure is subject to; Meanwhile, in slipping, frictional resistance consumes again a part of seismic energy, and under achieving little shake and large shake effect, rigidity switches.
Wherein, in step 1) in, in the base and outer displacement case of medium-height trestle, embed spacer pin, two ends respectively arrange plural spacer pin symmetrically, spacer pin add up to n, n is the even number of >=4.The strength of materials of spacer pin is high, hardness is high and without the material of stream width, optional 50 carbon junction steels, and this kind of hardness of steel, hardness are higher and without obviously flowing width.The size of spacer pin meets:
Wherein, F is horizontal seismic force threshold value (N), n is the sum of spacer pin, f
vfor the shear strength standard value (MPa) of the material of spacer pin, d
1for the diameter (mm) of the plane of weakness of spacer pin, d
2for the diameter (mm) of spacer pin.
In step 2) in, reach mean annual temperature at temperature after location is installed and open encapsulation again after Each part completion of discharge, coming into operation after strict centering, leveling.
Advantage of the present invention:
Present invention employs displacement case, damping plate spring and spacer pin, under achieving little shake and large shake effect, rigidity switches, and resists the object of varying level geological process respectively; When earthquake generation and lateral force over one's competence seismic forces threshold value time, spacer pin is cut off, and spacing constraint is removed, and slide plate can be free to slide, and medium-height trestle becomes resiliency supported can translation and rotation, thus the kinetic energy that earthquake produces is converted to potential energy; Meanwhile, in slipping, frictional resistance consumes again a part of seismic energy, extends structural cycle, reaches the effect of damping.Compared with existing shock-absorbing spherical support, the maximum advantage of the present invention achieves the rigidity of spherical bearing under little shake and large shake condition to switch, significantly can reduce the internal force of structure under large shake effect, have that structure is simple, anti-seismic performance stable, reliable, resistance to feature of waiting so long.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the encapsulation figure that large shake of the present invention and little shake rigidity switch shock-absorbing spherical support;
Fig. 2 is the sectional view that large shake of the present invention and little shake rigidity switch shock-absorbing spherical support, and wherein, (a) is the sectional view in x direction, and (b) is the sectional view in y direction;
Fig. 3 is the top plan view after large shake of the present invention and little shake rigidity switch cutting along medium-height trestle of shock-absorbing spherical support;
Fig. 4 is the partial enlarged drawing that large shake of the present invention and little shake rigidity switch the spacer pin of shock-absorbing spherical support.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, by specific embodiment, set forth the present invention further.
Fig. 1 is the encapsulation figure of shock-absorbing spherical support of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 2, the shock-absorbing spherical support of the present embodiment comprises: upper base plate 1, upper bracket backing plate 2, upper plane slide plate 3, spherical crown liner plate 4, sphere slide plate 5, medium-height trestle 6, Inner displacement case 7, connection backing plate 8, damping plate spring 9, undersetting backing plate 10, lower plane slide plate 11, outer displacement case 12 and spacer pin 13; Wherein, the bottom of upper base plate 1 has cavity, centered by symmetrical structure; In the cavity of upper base plate, upper plane slide plate 3 is connected with upper base plate 1 by upper bracket backing plate 2, and the top of spherical crown liner plate 4 has groove, and upper plane slide plate 3 is embedded in groove; Medium-height trestle 6 comprises the base of the centrosymmetric pillar on top and the cuboid of bottom, and the top of pillar has the concave surface corresponding with the shape of spherical crown liner plate, is connected by spherical crown liner plate by sphere slide plate 5 with medium-height trestle; The supporting post top end margin of medium-height trestle 6 has projection, is stuck in the cavity of upper base plate 1; The base of medium-height trestle 6 is connected in outer displacement case 12 by undersetting backing plate 10 and lower plane slide plate 11; The base of medium-height trestle 6, Inner displacement case and outer displacement case are symmetrical and about y-axis symmetrical structure about x-axis, going up along the x-axis direction, between Inner displacement case and the base of medium-height trestle, there is space, on the base of medium-height trestle, two ends along the x-axis direction arrange damping plate spring 9 respectively, do not have space between Inner displacement case 7 and outer displacement case 12, the two is connected by connection backing plate 8; Going up along the y-axis direction, between Inner displacement case 7 and medium-height trestle 6, there is no space, between Inner displacement case 7 and outer displacement case 12, there is space, damping plate spring 9 is being set respectively outside Inner displacement case two ends along the y-axis direction; The base two ends along the y-axis direction of medium-height trestle 6 exceed pillar respectively and form projection respectively, in the projection at two ends, be respectively arranged with the circular hole that 2 or 3 are parallel to z-axis, the position corresponding with circular hole with outer displacement case 12 at lower flat runner 11 is respectively arranged with through hole and groove; In circular hole, through hole and groove, embed spacer pin 13, thus 2 or 3 spacer pins are respectively set symmetrically at two ends, totally 4 or 6 spacer pins.Upper bracket backing plate 2, connection backing plate 8 and undersetting backing plate 10 adopt stainless steel.Upper plane slide plate 3, sphere slide plate 5 and lower plane slide plate 11 adopt polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
As shown in Figure 3, medium-height trestle can realize the translation of x direction and y direction both direction and the rotation of all directions, realizes elastomeric bearing by damping plate spring, thus the kinetic energy that earthquake produces is converted to potential energy, reduces the seismic forces that structure is subject to.
Fig. 4 is the partial enlarged drawing of spacer pin, and on spacer pin 13, corresponding medium-height trestle 6 is provided with a circle breach with the interface of lower flat runner 11, forms plane of weakness.
When vibrations are less than the horizontal seismic force threshold value preset, spacer pin is equivalent to safeties, is in closure state, is fixed by the relative position of medium-height trestle and outer displacement case; When earthquake generation and lateral force exceedes the horizontal seismic force threshold value preset time, spacer pin is cut off along plane of weakness, safeties are opened, spacing constraint is removed, upper plane slide plate, lower plane slide plate and sphere slide plate can be free to slide, and medium-height trestle can realize the translation of x direction and y direction both direction and the rotation of all directions, becomes elastomeric bearing, thus the kinetic energy that earthquake produces is converted to potential energy, reduce the seismic forces that structure is subject to; Meanwhile, in slipping, frictional resistance consumes again a part of seismic energy, and make the stressed more reasonable of structure, the safety of operator guards, extends structural cycle, reaches the effect of damping.
When using in concrete engineering, design parameters (comprising size, bearing capacity, X to the rigidity value etc. of, Y-direction) will be determined on a case-by-case basis, and table 1 provides the scope of suggestion rigidity Design value:
Table 1 greatly shake and little shake rigidity switches the suggestion rigidity Design value (unit: kN/m) of shock-absorbing spherical support
It is finally noted that the object publicizing and implementing example is to help to understand the present invention further, but it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that: without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and the appended claims, various substitutions and modifications are all possible.Therefore, the present invention should not be limited to the content disclosed in embodiment, and the scope that the scope of protection of present invention defines with claims is as the criterion.
Claims (10)
1. a large shake switches shock-absorbing spherical support with little shake rigidity, it is characterized in that, described shock-absorbing spherical support comprises: upper base plate, upper bracket backing plate, upper plane slide plate, spherical crown liner plate, sphere slide plate, medium-height trestle, undersetting backing plate, Inner displacement case, damping plate spring, lower plane slide plate, outer displacement case, connection backing plate and spacer pin; Wherein, the bottom of described upper base plate has cavity, centered by symmetrical structure; In the cavity of upper base plate, stacked upper bracket backing plate, upper plane slide plate and spherical crown liner plate successively, the top of described spherical crown liner plate has groove, and upper plane slide plate is embedded in groove; Described medium-height trestle comprises the base of the centrosymmetric pillar on top and the cuboid of bottom, and the top of pillar has the concave surface corresponding with the shape of spherical crown liner plate, is connected by spherical crown liner plate by sphere slide plate with medium-height trestle; The tip edge of medium-height trestle has projection, is stuck in the cavity of upper base plate; The base of described medium-height trestle is connected in outer displacement case by undersetting backing plate and lower plane slide plate; The base of described medium-height trestle, Inner displacement case and outer displacement case are twin shaft symmetrical structure, namely symmetrical and about y-axis symmetrical structure about x-axis; Going up along the x-axis direction, having space between Inner displacement case and the base of medium-height trestle, arrange damping plate spring respectively at the base two ends along the x-axis direction of medium-height trestle, do not have space between Inner displacement case and outer displacement case, the two is connected by connection backing plate; Going up along the y-axis direction, between Inner displacement case and the base of medium-height trestle, there is no space, between Inner displacement case and outer displacement case, there is space, outside Inner displacement case two ends along the y-axis direction, damping plate spring is being set respectively; The base two ends along the y-axis direction of described medium-height trestle exceed pillar respectively and form projection, and in the projection at two ends, be respectively arranged with multiple circular hole being parallel to z-axis, the position corresponding with circular hole with outer displacement case at lower flat runner is respectively arranged with through hole and groove; Multiple spacer pin is arranged in circular hole, through hole and groove, thus spacer pin embeds in medium-height trestle and outer displacement case; When shake be less than the horizontal seismic force threshold value preset time, the relative position of medium-height trestle and outer displacement case is fixed by spacer pin, and medium-height trestle place to rotate arbitrarily and around x-axis and y-axis restricted rotational movement around z-axis; When earthquake generation and lateral force exceedes horizontal seismic force threshold value time, spacer pin is cut off, and spacing constraint is removed, and upper plane slide plate, lower plane slide plate and sphere slide plate are free to slide.
2. shock-absorbing spherical support as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the base and outer displacement case of medium-height trestle, embed spacer pin, two ends respectively arrange plural spacer pin symmetrically, spacer pin add up to n, n is the even number of >=4.
3. shock-absorbing spherical support as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, on described spacer pin, the interface of corresponding medium-height trestle and lower flat runner is provided with a circle breach, forms plane of weakness, when earthquake generation and lateral force exceedes horizontal seismic force threshold value time, spacer pin is cut off along plane of weakness.
4. shock-absorbing spherical support as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the size of described spacer pin meets:
Wherein, F is horizontal seismic force threshold value, and unit is N; N is the sum of spacer pin, and n is the even number of>=4; f
vfor the shear strength standard value of the material of spacer pin, unit is MPa, d
1for the diameter of the plane of weakness of spacer pin, unit is mm, d
2for the diameter of spacer pin, unit is mm.
5. shock-absorbing spherical support as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the cross section of described spacer pin is circular; Employing intensity is high, hardness is high and the material of nothing obvious stream width.
6. shock-absorbing spherical support as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described Inner displacement case has the sidewall that four sides forms a circle, Inner displacement case has outside projection in the bottom of going up relative pair of sidewalls along the x-axis direction, has the inside connection backing plate that projects through along the x-axis direction be connected with the top of the pair of sidewalls of outer displacement case; Described Inner displacement case has inside projection at the top of going up relative pair of sidewalls along the y-axis direction, has the outside connection backing plate that projects through be connected with the two ends along the y-axis direction, bottom of medium-height trestle.
7. shock-absorbing spherical support as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described vibration damping leaf spring is bolted on medium-height trestle two ends along the x-axis direction, or outside Inner displacement case two ends in the y-direction.
8. shock-absorbing spherical support as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described shock-absorbing spherical support, along the rigidity Design value of x-axis between 3000 ~ 5500; Along the rigidity Design value of y-axis between 1000 ~ 6500.
9. large shake and little shake rigidity switch a shock-dampening method for shock-absorbing spherical support, and it is characterized in that, described shock-dampening method comprises the following steps:
1) according to actual site condition and form of structure determination horizontal seismic force threshold value, according to material and the size of horizontal seismic force Threshold selection spacer pin, and the interface of corresponding medium-height trestle and lower flat runner arranges plane of weakness on spacer pin, spacer pin is embedded in medium-height trestle and outer displacement case;
2) at engineering ground, the outer displacement case of shock-absorbing spherical support is connected with substructure by embedded board, and upper base plate and superstructure are bolted;
3) when shake be less than the horizontal seismic force threshold value preset time, spacer pin is in closure state, is fixed by the relative position of medium-height trestle and outer displacement case, and medium-height trestle place can to rotate arbitrarily and around x-axis and y-axis restricted rotational movement around z-axis;
4) when earthquake generation and lateral force exceedes horizontal seismic force threshold value time, spacer pin is cut off along plane of weakness, spacing constraint is removed, upper plane slide plate, lower plane slide plate and sphere slide plate are free to slide, medium-height trestle can realize the translation of x direction and y direction both direction and the rotation of all directions, realize elastomeric bearing by damping plate spring, thus the kinetic energy that earthquake produces is converted to potential energy, reduce the seismic forces that structure is subject to; Meanwhile, in slipping, frictional resistance consumes again a part of seismic energy, and under achieving little shake and large shake effect, rigidity switches.
10. shock-dampening method as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that, in step 1) in, the size of described spacer pin meets:
Wherein, F is horizontal seismic force threshold value, and unit is N; N is the sum of spacer pin, and n is the even number of>=4; f
vfor the shear strength standard value of the material of spacer pin, unit is MPa, d
1for the diameter of the plane of weakness of spacer pin, unit is mm, d
2for the diameter of spacer pin, unit is mm.
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