CN105296869B - A kind of stainless steel material and its manufacture method - Google Patents
A kind of stainless steel material and its manufacture method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105296869B CN105296869B CN201510714074.6A CN201510714074A CN105296869B CN 105296869 B CN105296869 B CN 105296869B CN 201510714074 A CN201510714074 A CN 201510714074A CN 105296869 B CN105296869 B CN 105296869B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/32—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with boron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/068—Decarburising
- C21C7/0685—Decarburising of stainless steel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/20—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/38—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of stainless steel material and its manufacture method, stainless steel material is the Cr Mn N austenitic stainless steels for replacing nickel with nitrogen.Manufacture method includes：Smelting process, blank process for stamping, machining process.Smelting process mainly carrys out smelting high-nitrogen steel in two kinds of alloying nitriding methods of the nitrogenous material of solid and gaseous nitrogen.Blank process for stamping is mainly circulation progress and rushes base, heat treatment, solution treatment, control holding temperature and soaking time, and mould selects Primary Reference hardness number and notched bar impact strength.The suitable machined parameters of machining mainly control milling and turning.Its advantage is：The stainless steel material is a novel austenite stainless steel；Smelting process is suitable to the high nitrogen steel that batch smelts the 0.75wt% of nitrogen content 0.4；Blank process for stamping inhibits the flow harden phenomenon of high nitrogen steel process, beneficial to blank punching press；Machining process overcome high nitrogen steel because hardness die difficulty of processing it is big the problem of.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to stainless steel and smelting, processing method, more specifically to a kind of stainless steel material and its manufacture
Method.
Background technology
1st, using the meaning of high nitrogen steel
Stainless steel is the steel for being difficult to get rusty, and the rustless property and corrosion resistance of stainless steel are due to chromium-rich oxide-film on its surface
(passivating film) and formed.Because stainless steel has excellent corrosion resistance, mouldability, compatibility and in very wide temperature range
The number of features such as obdurability, with its excellent specific property in the industries such as heavy industry, light industry, daily necessities industry and building decoration
Acquirement is widely applied, and is not only functional material, is also modern structure material.Stainless steel has life cycle length, cost low
Advantage, can 100% recycling, be also not result in environmental pollution (unleaded, without polyvinyl chloride, without Environmental Hormone)
Green material.Stainless steel has been current unique yield since the invention of 20th century and demand persistently rises that (world increases every year
Long rate 6%) metal material, due to the renewal and progress of technology, the reduction of cost, the yield of stainless steel is constantly lifted.
Stainless steel material is widely used in the product with human contact, and such as wrist-watch, jewellery, medicine equipment, human organ are planted
Enter, the stainless steel trade mark used in these fields is mainly SUS 304 (06Cr19Ni10) and SUS316L
(022Cr17Ni12Mo2), but this two classes material nickel content is more than 8%.Recent studies indicate that, nickel is in Long Term Contact
Dissolution is might have during human body and do harm to huamn body, be mainly reflected in allergic reaction and nickel of the nickel to skin and be potentially carcinogenic
Influence, i.e., nickeliferous metal material is used for the article for manufacturing contact human body skin, can induce allergic reaction, and used in human body
During nickeliferous metal material, it may induce an illness.
Nickeliferous metallic article (including coating) and human body skin direct long term contact, some people can cause not in contact site
With the skin lesion of degree, slight has rubescent, itching, and serious meeting is red and swollen, fester, and this phenomenon is referred to as nickel allergy.
In daily life, people are often in contact with nickeliferous metallic article (such as wrist-watch, jewellery), therefore cause allergic case repeatly
See not fresh.The research of allergic mechanism is caused to show to nickel, directly with human body skin adverse reaction, skin will not occur for metal
Directly contacted with nickeliferous product long-term, absorb the nickel ion discharged in nickel-containing material, and skin and mucosa epithelium protein binding,
Epidermis is stranded in, causes skin surface the pathological changes such as eczema occur, causes allergy.This process can be described as nickel-containing material
With human body skin Long Term Contact during, the effect of human sweat accelerates the corrosion process of material.
Sensitivity response and carcinogenic influence that nickel is produced on human body, increasingly cause the attention of world medical circle and material circle.Respectively
State limits more and more stricter, the highest nickel content that standard is allowed in providing to the nickel content in daily and medical metal material
It is more and more lower.Just there is standard regulation since the 1980s, the alloy that nickel mass fraction is more than 1% is included in carcinogen
With allergic material category, and require that additionally detrimental consequences may be produced to human body in product quality certificate
" safety certificate "., the ISO6871-2-1994 international standards warning passed through in 1994：Rectify in the oral cavity that nickel mass fraction is more than 1%
Shape alloy, belongs to intolerable " danger classes " alloy of human body.In July, 1999, European Union has issued guiding regulation CE
Directive94/27/EEC, that is, be commonly called as nickel instruction (The Nickel Directive), to the regulation of commodity production material
It is harsher, it is indicated that in the material (implantation material, orthopaedic false tooth etc.) in implantation human body, nickel mass fraction is not to be exceeded
0.05%, and be used for the alloy that manufactures the products such as jewellery, wrist-watch, ring, the bracelet of Long Term Contact human body skin, nickel content then with
0.5 μ g/cm are not to be exceeded in the amount for penetrating into skin weekly2Limited the quantity for highest.Particularly European Union member countries of foreign vendor instruct anti-to nickel
Should be very positive.English law is included on January 20th, 2000, nickel instruction.On July 21st, 2000, Germany forbids production and import
Money accessories during with the nickeliferous composition of long-term skin contact.2002, China's jewellery industry was formulated and has promulgated mandatory technical bid
Quasi- GB11887-2002《The regulation and naming method of jewellery noble metal》, wherein clear stipulaties：Jewellery connect for a long time with human body skin
The nickel burst size of contact portion point is necessarily less than weekly 0.5 μ g/cm2, and established in 2005 the bioassay standard of jewellery nickel burst size.
From 2007, China's horological industry is formulating mandatory technical standard《Directly it is harmful in the wrist-watch element of contact human body skin
The regulation of material limitation》, wherein also specify the nickel burst size requirement with human body skin Long Term Contact part.It is existing to be connect with human body
Although its decay resistance of the tactile stainless steel of product is preferable, the exceeded potential risk of nickel burst size is there is.Therefore, in order to
Avoid discharging excessive problem with the nickel of human contact's stainless steel product, Study in Low-Nickel or even austenitic stainless steel without nickel and its
Process technology is imperative.
In addition, from resource view analysis, China is a country for lacking nickel, chromium resource, Chinese nickel resources reserves are 670
Ten thousand tons, copper nickel sulfide mineral accounts for the 91% of gross reserves, and remaining is oxide ore.Countries in the world are in contention nickel chromium triangle development of resources control
Aspect dog-eat-dog, therefore nickel chromium triangle resource provisioning is the important limiting factor of China's development stainless steel production, and nickel is former in recent years
Expect that price is surging, it is relative to cause Nickel Chrome Stainless Steel high expensive, therefore develop low nickel so nickelles stainless steel have it is important
Strategic importance.
2nd, the development of correlation technique
The development of low nickel or austenitic stainless steel without nickel have passed through several stages, be accompanied by the hair of austenitic stainless steel
Exhibition and continuous progress.Austenitic stainless steel has obtained swift and violent development since the earlier 1920s invention.Mesh
Before, austenitic stainless steel has evolved into most important steel class in stainless steel, and its output and usage amount account for stainless steel total output
And more than the 60% of consumption.
With the development of smelting technique, argon-oxygen Decarburising and refining method (AOD) and vacuum oxygen decarburization process (VOD) initially as
The big production application of commercialization is in the production technology of stainless steel.With refining techniques can economically decarburization, and be easy to carbon content
Below 0.03wt% is down to, the generation of sensitization phenomenon is greatly reduced.Ultra-low carbon austenitic stainless steel is with its excellent corrosion resistance
And combination property, gradually it instead of containing Nb, Ti class stainless steel.But the reduction of carbon so that the intensity of austenitic stainless steel declines.
Not enough to make up intensity caused by carbon drop, effect of the nitrogen in stainless steel starts to be paid attention to by people.From twentieth century 20 years
In generation, starts, it has been found that can improve intensity in stainless nitrogen in steel, finds that its corrosion resisting property to steel is beneficial successively again later
Influence.But the earliest report that nitrogen is used as alloy element is in 1938.Nitrogen is hindered to be widely used as alloying element
Principal element be first nitrogen addition problem.Nitrogen solubility is very low under atmospheric pressure, adds extremely difficult.Due to adding
Very little is measured, therefore its advantageous effect to steel is not obvious.In addition, in some steel alloys, nitrogen is in terms of impact flexibility, plasticity
In the presence of adverse effect, attention of the people to the application of nitrogen is further hindered.
Nineteen fifties, due in stainless steel at that time noble element nickel resources it is in great shortage, promoted people to chromium
Nickel manganese nitrogen and chromium-manganese-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel it is widely studied.The result of this research, result in Cr-Mn-Ni-N stainless steels system
Row are 200 births for being.N content in steel is concentrated in the range of 0.10~0.25%.To the sixties, due to smart outside AOD furnace
The commercial Application of refining technology so that the addition of nitrogen and control problem have obtained a certain degree of solution.Nitrogen-contained stainless steel is entered
One step research causes beneficial effect of the nitrogen in stainless steel to be recognized more and more by people.At that time, researcher had recognized
Arrive, nitrogen also improves the decay resistance of steel, particularly resistance to local corrosion while the mechanical property of stainless steel is significantly improved
Can such as intergranular corrosion resistance, spot corrosion and crevice corrosion.
But, limited by factors such as smelting conditions, solubility of the nitrogen in stainless steel was still within relatively low water at that time
It is flat.With the development of pressurization metallurgical technology, nitrogen can be solid-solution in steel with larger content, and therefore the performance to steel is brought more
Big influence.Effect of the nitrogen in steel is again by people institute extensive concern.Very big interest has been expressed high nitrogen steel in industry.
Solubility relation of the nitrogen in ferroalloy be：
LogN=-293/T-1.16-logfN+0.5logPN2
T is temperature in formula, and fN is the activation coefficient of nitrogen, and by alloying metal affect, wherein Cr, Mn, Mo, Nb reduces its activation
Coefficient value.
At present, the external smelting technique for having developed a variety of high nitrogen steels, including plasma smelting, pressurization induction furnace smelt,
Pressurize and electric slag refusion and smelting, powder metallurgy and utilize high nitrogen steel under the normal pressure of advanced computer alloy design method progress
Smelt etc..The main trend of high nitrogen steel development has：(1) high-strength and high-toughness steel.Such steel mainly utilizes tributes of the N to steel mechanical property
Offer, designed by appropriate metallurgical technology and appropriate alloy, N is greatly solid-solution in steel, thus develop superhigh intensity,
The stainless steel of superhigh tenacity.Part achievement is it has been shown that this is the another approach for studying unimach.Solid solution shape is worked out
State lower yield strength is more than 2000MPa, and intensity exceedes 3600MPa unimach under cold deformation state.(2) with corrosion resisting property
Based on excellent combination property stainless steel.Such steel mainly utilizes contributions of the N to the corrosion resisting property of steel, and takes into account N in mechanics
Influence in performance, for special Service Environment, works out a series of new super stainless steel.(3) to economize on resources, reduce
Cost is the economical stainless steel of main purpose.Such steel utilizes influences of the N to structure of steel, partly or entirely substitutes precious metal
Nickel so that steel still keeps austenite structure under relatively low cost of material, so that the characteristics of austenitic steel is taken into account in performance and N
Effect to Steel Properties, further expands the use of stainless steel.
The stainless steel material of this patent research, mainly uses contributions of the N to corrosion resisting property, stainless steel is substituted completely with N
In nickel element, work out the high nitrogen stainless steel that nickel element is entirely free of on the basis of, fundamentally solve be human contact
The nickel allergic problem for the stainless steel applied on product, and save nickel metals resources.Meanwhile, by N addition, improve material hardness
And anti-wear performance, material hardness is more than original ultra-low carbon austenitic stainless steel.
Nitrogen has solution strengthening effect, can not only improve steel strength, toughness, creep resistance, improves wearability, and
And its corrosion resistance can be improved.Matrix is containing containing in the steel that more than 0.08% nitrogen and matrix are austenite in ferritic steel
The steel of more than 0.4% nitrogen is referred to as high nitrogen steel.Nitrogen solid solution easier than carbon in the austenite phase of stainless steel, and have and delay carbide
The effect of precipitation, while can effectively improve the intensity and corrosion resistance of steel.The stainless steel development of nickel is substituted with nitrogen, can be by not
Rust steel height nitrogenizes to improve corrosion resistance and intensity, stablizes austenite phase and replaces nickel, effect is obtained in terms of quality and cost.
The smelting of high nitrogen stainless steel mainly faces two problems, i.e., how to obtain high content nitrogen in molten state, and how to ensure
Nitrogen is set to be in dissolved state, rather than free state in process of setting.To obtain high nitrogen content, the major measure taken has：If
Count rational alloying component；Take suitable process route；The appropriate nitrogen carriers of selection.Current high nitrogen steel smelting technique is mainly adopted
The smelting that solid nitrogenous material combines steel alloying, the alloying using gaseous nitrogen or two ways is added with to molten liquid steel
Method.
To sum up, it can be seen that prior art, which has the nickeliferous stainless steel of human contact, can produce nickel allergic problem；Meanwhile,
When smelting nitrogen-contained stainless steel, exist and smelt the adding proportion of difficult, stainless nitrogen in steel and do not reach the technical barrier of design requirement.
Meanwhile, relative to traditional stainless steel, there is more serious flow harden during processing is produced and show in high nitrogen steel
As (steel produce strong plastic deformation in normal temperature or the processing below crystallization temperature, make lattice distortion, distortion, crystal grain production
Raw shearing, sliding, crystal grain are elongated, and significantly improve hardness, reduction plasticity and impact flexibility, referred to as flow harden), it is traditional not
The blank process for stamping and machining process of rust steel are not suitable for high nitrogen steel；And high nitrogen steel is present because hardness die machinery adds
The problem of work difficulty is big.
The content of the invention
One of the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, for the stainless steel that the above-mentioned human contact of prior art is nickeliferous
Nickel allergic problem can be produced, and there is provided a kind of stainless steel material.The stainless steel material is to replace the Cr-Mn-N austenites of nickel not with nitrogen
Become rusty steel, and due to not nickeliferous, nickel allergic problem will not be produced during with human contact, while the nickel using shortage of resources is it also avoid,
It is a kind of intensity, the novel austenite stainless steel of tenacity excellent.
The second technical problem to be solved by the present invention is, for prior art above-mentioned nitrogen-contained stainless steel smelt it is difficult,
The adding proportion of stainless nitrogen in steel does not reach the defect of design requirement, and there is provided a kind of method for the induction furnace smelting high-nitrogen steel that pressurizes.
The characteristics of this method is obvious is that two kinds of alloying nitriding methods of the nitrogenous material of applying solid and gaseous nitrogen carry out smelting high-nitrogen steel, so that
Make accurate composition control, nitrogen recovery reaches more than 99%；Simultaneously using repeatedly research, experiment, checking smelting process, can be with
By the Control of Nitrogen Content of high nitrogen steel in the range of design requirement, design requirement is met.
The third technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the above-mentioned high nitrogen steel for prior art is processing generation process
It is middle exist more serious flow harden phenomenon, the blank process for stamping of traditional stainless steel be not suitable for high nitrogen steel shaping ask
There is provided a kind of method of high nitrogen steel blank punching press for topic.
The four of the technical problem to be solved in the present invention are that the above-mentioned high nitrogen steel for prior art is processing generation process
It is middle there is more serious flow harden phenomenon, traditional machining process and be not suitable for high nitrogen steel and high nitrogen steel exist because firmly
Spending the big defect of die mechanical processing difficulty, there is provided a kind of machining process of high nitrogen steel.
The manufacture method of the stainless steel material of the present invention includes：The method of pressurization induction furnace smelting high-nitrogen steel, high nitrogen steel base
The method of part punching press, the machining process of high nitrogen steel.
Austenite is the high temperature variant of the iron with face-centered cubic crystal structure, hot typically between 740 DEG C and 1538 DEG C
Mechanics is stable, and contains the carbon (at 1153 DEG C) from 0 to maximum 2.1 weight % with solution, generally, all to have face
The steel capital of centered cubic lattice is referred to as austenitic steel.The present invention through research, experiment, find high nitrogen steel through circulating flushing base, heat treatment, admittedly
Molten processing, in the process, the holding temperature of heat treatment are more than 0.5 hour between 1050-1100 DEG C, soaking time, at solid solution
The holding temperature of reason is increased between 1080-1120 DEG C, soaking time >=1.0 hour, and oil quenching is quickly cooled down, in this situation
Under, the flow harden phenomenon in high nitrogen steel process is substantially suppressed, while the face-centered cubic lattice in high nitrogen steel is substantially steady
Fixed, the component distributing in high nitrogen steel is more uniform, and materials microstructure performance can be recovered in time, and base is suppressed beneficial to high nitrogen steel
Part；The present invention high nitrogen steel machining process in, for high nitrogen steel hardness it is big, difficulty of processing is big the problem of, work out
The method and machined parameters of suitable Milling Process and turnery processing, can overcome high nitrogen steel because hardness die difficulty of processing is big
Problem, Precision Machining is carried out to high nitrogen steel.
Conventional wristwatch with the temperature of the usual solution treatment of 316L appearance members at 900 DEG C, be incubated half an hour, and high nitrogen steel due to
The particularity of smelting process, can largely separate out that nitride causes material composition, the performance such as corrosion-resistant is by broken at 850-950 DEG C
It is bad, therefore its solid solution temperature must reach more than 1050 DEG C；Many experiments show high nitrogen after being incubated 1 hour at 1100 DEG C or so
Corrosion-resistant, glossiness that steel occurs by the punching press of early stage etc. can be optimized.
The present invention solves the technical scheme that one of its technical problem used：A kind of stainless steel material is constructed, this is stainless
Steel material is the Cr-Mn-N austenitic stainless steels for replacing nickel with nitrogen, and the stainless steel material includes following components in percentage by weight：
Cr：18-22%；
Mn：14-17%；
N：0.4-0.75%；
C：Less than 0.15%.
In stainless steel material of the present invention, the stainless steel material is used for zero with the product of direct body contact
Part.
The present invention solve its technical problem two technical schemes used be：A kind of pressurization induction furnace smelting high-nitrogen of construction
The method of steel, senses smelting furnace melting using pressurization, comprises the following steps：
S1：According to the elemental composition of target steel grade, target steel grade is calculated by following formula (1) and formula (2) and existed
Limit nitrogen content value under normal pressure, the limit nitrogen content value, which is multiplied by amendment and is worth to, smelts the reality of nitrogen content in prepared furnace charge and adds
Enter percentage by weight, the correction value is between 0.7~0.9；
Formula (1)：
In formulaFor nitrogen partial pressure, p0For standard atmospheric pressure；
Formula (2)：
In formulaFor the activity coefficient of nitrogen in molten steel；ω [m] is alloying element m mass fraction %；
S2：Smelting material is prepared by the requirement of element contained by steel grade, crucible is cleared up, loads the smelting material prepared and completed；
S3：Pressurization induction furnace melting room is evacuated, vacuum starts power transmission to heat smelting material when being less than 15Pa,
Initial power is 40KW, incrementally increases power, is occurred behind molten bath, maintains and controls power, it is to avoid splash；
S4：Power is turned down after furnace chargeization is clear, into refining, refines 30-40 minutes, vacuum≤5Pa, departs from comprising following
Element O, N, H；
S5：Gas nitrogen alloying：Nitrogen making machine is opened, nitrogen is filled with, furnace pressure is at least adjusted to nitrogen charging pressure, improves nitrogen
Saturation solubility in molten steel；
S6：Alloying：The raw materials for metallurgy and the reality according to nitrogen content in S1 for improving partial pressure are added by charge door substep
Border adds percentage by weight and calculates obtained nitrided ferro-chromium, nitrogenized manganese or other nitrogen pick-up alloys, to improve yield of alloy；
S7：Deoxidier is added, control molten steel temperature is higher than fusing point 100~150 DEG C, powered to pour into ingot mould, cooling；
S8：Deflate, break sky, open bell and take out ingot mould, high nitrogen steel is made.
In the method for pressurization induction furnace smelting high-nitrogen steel of the present invention, according to the composition and nitrogen of different target steel grade
Content requirement, according to formula (1) and formula (2) calculate activity coefficient of the nitrogen in molten steel, saturation solubility, nitrogen charging pressure and
Nitrogen pick-up alloy addition.
In the method for pressurization induction furnace smelting high-nitrogen steel of the present invention, the step S5 uses gas nitrogen alloying
Method, nitrogen gas purity >=99%, nitrogen charging pressure is by formula：With reference to formula (2)
Calculate.
In the method for pressurization induction furnace smelting high-nitrogen steel of the present invention, deoxidier in step S7 is crucible carbon,
Deoxidized aluminium.
The present invention solve its technical problem three technical schemes used be：Construct a kind of punching press side of high nitrogen steel blank
Method, for the punching press of the high nitrogen steel blank in blank pressing equipment, comprises the following steps：
S1：Select mould
From Rockwell hardness HRC after tempered processing between 60-70 and notched bar impact strength between 55-120J/cm2Mould
Tool, blank pressing equipment is assemblied in by the mould；
S2：Heat treatment
S2.1：Base is rushed to high nitrogen steel, base is often rushed and once liquidates the heat treatment of the high nitrogen steel after base afterwards once, the insulation of heat treatment
Temperature is between 1050-1100 DEG C, soaking time >=0.5 hour；
S2.2：Circulation carries out S2.1 operation to setting after number of times, carries out a solution treatment：The holding temperature of heat treatment
Increase between 1080-1120 DEG C, soaking time >=1 hour, oil quenching is quickly cooled down；
S2.3：Circulation carries out S2.1 and S2.2 operation to striking out high nitrogen steel blank.
In the process for stamping of high nitrogen steel blank of the present invention, the mould is Rockwell hardness after tempered processing
HRC is between 62-64 and notched bar impact strength between 60-90J/cm2Mould.
In the process for stamping of high nitrogen steel blank of the present invention, the soaking time in the step S2.1 is between 0.5-
0.75 hour.
In the process for stamping of high nitrogen steel blank of the present invention, circulation carries out S2.1 operation in the step S2.2
Set number of times as 4-7 times.
In the process for stamping of high nitrogen steel blank of the present invention, the soaking time in the step S2.2 is small for 1-2
When, oil quenching is quickly cooled down.
In the process for stamping of high nitrogen steel blank of the present invention, high nitrogen steel is the Cr-Mn-N Ovshinskies for replacing nickel with nitrogen
The mass percent of body stainless steel, wherein nitrogen content is between 0.4-0.75%.
The present invention solve its technical problem four technical schemes used be：Construct a kind of machining side of high nitrogen steel
Method, comprises the following steps：
S1：Select cutter
It is more than 95 from Rockwell hardness HRA, bending strength δ is more than 2GPa cutter；
S2：Processing
S2.1：Milling
Plant equipment carries out milling using following machined parameters to high nitrogen steel：Cutting speed Vc turns between 60-100m/min
Fast n is between 3000-5000r/min, and feed engagement fz is between 0.01-0.02mm/z, and feed speed F is between 200-300mm/
Min, bite AP is between 0.03-0.2mm；
S2.2：Turning
Plant equipment carries out turning using following machined parameters to high nitrogen steel：Rotating speed n is between 700-1000r/min, every turn
Amount of feeding fr is between 0.02-0.04mm/r, and bite AP is between 0.05-0.3mm；
Until high nitrogen steel is processed into the part for meeting design requirement；
Wherein, milling and coolant is used during turning, coolant is the emulsion that mass fraction is 3-6%, the emulsification
The pH value of liquid is between 9.0-9.5.
In the machining process of high nitrogen steel of the present invention, the refraction coefficient of the emulsion is between 1-3
Rust preventing emulsion.
Implement the stainless steel material and its smelting, blank punching press, the method for machining of the present invention, with following beneficial effect
Really：
1st, stainless steel material
The stainless steel material is the Cr-Mn-N austenitic stainless steels for replacing nickel with nitrogen, during human contact, will not produce nickel mistake
Quick problem, is a kind of intensity, the novel austenite stainless steel of tenacity excellent while it also avoid the nickel using shortage of resources.
2nd, the method for pressurization induction furnace smelting high-nitrogen steel
The characteristics of this method is obvious is two kinds of alloying nitriding methods of the nitrogenous material of applying solid and gaseous nitrogen to smelt height
Nitrogen steel, so that accurate composition control, nitrogen recovery reaches more than 99%；Repeatedly research, experiment, the smelting of checking are used simultaneously
Method, can meet design requirement by the Control of Nitrogen Content of high nitrogen steel in the range of design requirement, reach that Composition Control is accurate
Really, the high and stable effect of nitrogen recovery rate；The present invention can make the recovery rate of nitrogen reach more than 99%, especially smelt and be up to
0.7% high nitrogen steel becomes a reality, and smelts nitrogen content 0.4%-0.75% special steel suitable for high-volume, makes batch production
It is possibly realized for the nickelles stainless steel with human contact.
3rd, the method for high nitrogen steel blank punching press
High nitrogen steel is through circulating flushing base, heat treatment, solution treatment, and in the process, the holding temperature of heat treatment is between 1050-
1100 DEG C, soaking time >=0.5 hour, the holding temperature of solution treatment are increased between 1080-1120 DEG C, soaking time >=1
Hour, and oil quenching quickly cools down, in the case, the flow harden phenomenon in high nitrogen steel process is substantially suppressed, simultaneously
Face-centered cubic lattice in high nitrogen steel is basicly stable, and the component distributing in high nitrogen steel is more uniform, and materials microstructure performance can be with
Recover in time, beneficial to the compacting that blank is carried out to high nitrogen steel；Simultaneously from Rockwell hardness HRC after tempered processing between 60-70,
And notched bar impact strength is between 55-120J/cm2Mould carry out blank compacting, general mould can be overcome to enter high nitrogen steel
The problem of punching press effect is poor during row blank punching press.
4th, the machining process of high nitrogen steel
The present invention high nitrogen steel machining process in, for high nitrogen steel hardness it is big, difficulty of processing is big the problem of, grind
Study carefully the method and machined parameters for suitable Milling Process and turnery processing, high nitrogen steel can be overcome because of hardness die difficulty of processing
Big the problem of, Precision Machining is carried out beneficial to high nitrogen steel.
Embodiment
In order to which technical characteristic, purpose and effect to the present invention are more clearly understood from, now with embodiment pair
The present invention is illustrated.
Stainless steel material：
The stainless steel material is the Cr-Mn-N austenitic stainless steels for replacing nickel with nitrogen, and the stainless steel material is comprising following heavy
Measure the component of percentage：
Cr：18-22%；
Mn：14-17%；
N：0.4-0.75%；
C：Less than 0.15%.
The stainless steel material is preferred for the part with the product of direct body contact, watchband, watchcase and the bottom of such as wrist-watch
Lid etc..Certainly, in other embodiments, the stainless steel material can be used for plant equipment, structure material, industrial materials
Deng.
A kind of method for the induction furnace smelting high-nitrogen steel that pressurizes：
Using the melting of pressurization sensing smelting furnace, (house is produced in the production of pressurization induction furnace：Northern electric furnace factory；Model：ZG--
0.05T), comprise the following steps：
S1：According to the elemental composition of target steel grade, target steel grade is calculated by following formula (1) and formula (2) and existed
Limit nitrogen content value under normal pressure, the limit nitrogen content value, which is multiplied by amendment and is worth to, smelts the reality of nitrogen content in prepared furnace charge and adds
Enter percentage by weight, the correction value is between 0.7~0.9；
Formula (1)：
In formulaFor nitrogen partial pressure, p0For standard atmospheric pressure；
Formula (2)：
In formulaFor the activity coefficient of nitrogen in molten steel；ω [m] is alloying element m mass fraction %；
S2：Smelting material is prepared by the requirement of element contained by steel grade, crucible is cleared up, loads the smelting material prepared and completed；
It should be noted that steel grade herein does not imply that end article high nitrogen steel, but the main body steel in high nitrogen steel smelting process, no
Comprising N, such as steel grade can be, but not limited to be 13Cr21Mn16N (non-standard grade of steel)；
S3：Pressurization induction furnace melting room is evacuated, vacuum starts power transmission to heat smelting material when being less than 15Pa,
Initial power is 40KW, incrementally increases power, is occurred behind molten bath, maintains and controls power, it is to avoid splash；
S4：Power is turned down after furnace chargeization is clear, into refining, refines 30-40 minutes, vacuum≤5Pa, departs from comprising following
Element O, N, H；
S5：Gas nitrogen alloying：Nitrogen making machine is opened, nitrogen is filled with, furnace pressure is at least adjusted to nitrogen charging pressure, improves nitrogen
Saturation solubility in molten steel；
S6：Alloying：The raw materials for metallurgy and the reality according to nitrogen content in S1 for improving partial pressure are added by charge door substep
Border adds percentage by weight and calculates obtained nitrided ferro-chromium, nitrogenized manganese or other nitrogen pick-up alloys, to improve yield of alloy；
S7：Deoxidier is added, control molten steel temperature is higher than fusing point 100~150 DEG C, powered to pour into ingot mould, cooling；
S8：Deflate, break sky, open bell and take out ingot mould, high nitrogen steel is made.
According to the composition and requirement of nitrogen of different target steel grade, nitrogen is calculated in molten steel according to formula (1) and formula (2)
In activity coefficient, saturation solubility, nitrogen charging pressure and nitrogen pick-up alloy addition.
The step S5 use gaseous state nitriding method, nitrogen gas purity >=99%, nitrogen charging pressure is by formula：
Calculated with reference to formula (2).
Deoxidier in step S7 is crucible carbon, deoxidized aluminium (the conventional carbon of industry and aluminium).In the method for the present embodiment, high nitrogen
Steel refers to the Cr-Mn-N austenitic stainless steels for replacing nickel with nitrogen, and its composition is with reference to above-mentioned " stainless steel material ".
The advantage of pressurization induction furnace is beneficial to nitrogen adsorption after being insufflation gas pressurization.
The process for stamping of high nitrogen steel blank
For the punching press of the high nitrogen steel blank in blank pressing equipment, the process for stamping comprises the following steps：
S1：Select mould
From Rockwell hardness HRC after tempered processing between 60-70 and notched bar impact strength between 55-120J/cm2Mould
Tool, blank pressing equipment is assemblied in by the mould；
S2：Heat treatment
S2.1：Base is rushed to high nitrogen steel, base is often rushed and once liquidates the heat treatment of the high nitrogen steel after base afterwards once, the insulation of heat treatment
Temperature is between 1050-1100 DEG C, soaking time >=0.5 hour；
S2.2：Circulation carries out S2.1 operation to setting after number of times, carries out a solution treatment：The holding temperature of heat treatment
Increase between 1080-1120 DEG C, soaking time >=1 hour, oil quenching is quickly cooled down；
S2.3：Circulation carries out S2.1 and S2.2 operation to striking out high nitrogen steel blank.
Preferably, the mould be after tempered processing Rockwell hardness HRC between 62-64 and notched bar impact strength between 60-
90J/cm2Mould；Soaking time in the step S2.1 was between 0.5-0.75 hours；Circulate and carry out in the step S2.2
S2.1 operation sets number of times as 4-7 times；Soaking time in the step S2.2 is 1-2 hours；High nitrogen steel is to be taken with nitrogen
For the Cr-Mn-N austenitic stainless steels of nickel, wherein the mass percent of nitrogen content is between 0.4-0.75%.
A kind of machining process of high nitrogen steel
The machining process comprises the following steps：
S1：Select cutter
It is more than 95 from Rockwell hardness HRA, bending strength δ is more than 2GPa cutter；
S2：Processing
S2.1：Milling
Plant equipment carries out milling using following machined parameters to high nitrogen steel：Cutting speed Vc turns between 60-100m/min
Fast n is between 3000-5000r/min, and feed engagement fz is between 0.01-0.02mm/z, and feed speed F is between 200-300mm/
Min, bite AP is between 0.03-0.2mm；
S2.2：Turning
Plant equipment carries out turning using following machined parameters to high nitrogen steel：Rotating speed n is between 700-1000r/min, every turn
Amount of feeding fr is between 0.02-0.04mm/r, and bite AP is between 0.05-0.3mm；
Until high nitrogen steel is processed into the part for meeting design requirement；
Wherein, milling and coolant is used during turning, coolant is the emulsion that mass fraction is 3-6%, the emulsification
The pH value of liquid is between 9.0-9.5.The manufacturer of emulsion：Noel Coward Science and Technology Ltd. of Shenzhen；Model：H537.
The refraction coefficient of the emulsion is rust preventing emulsion between 1-3.
The embodiment of stainless steel material：
Embodiment 1
The stainless steel material is the Cr-Mn-N austenitic stainless steels for replacing nickel with nitrogen, and the stainless steel material is comprising following heavy
Measure the component of percentage：
Cr：18%；Mn：14%；N：0.4%；C：0.1%.
Embodiment 2
The stainless steel material is the Cr-Mn-N austenitic stainless steels for replacing nickel with nitrogen, and the stainless steel material is comprising following heavy
Measure the component of percentage：
Cr：22%；Mn：17%；N：0.75%；C：0.12%.
Embodiment 3
The stainless steel material is the Cr-Mn-N austenitic stainless steels for replacing nickel with nitrogen, and the stainless steel material is comprising following heavy
Measure the component of percentage：
Cr：18%；Mn：14%；N：0.4%；C：0.1%；S：0.02%；P：0.025%；Si：0.8%；Cu：0.2%；
Al：0.01%；And Fe.
Embodiment 4
The stainless steel material is the Cr-Mn-N austenitic stainless steels for replacing nickel with nitrogen, and the stainless steel material is comprising following heavy
Measure the component of percentage：
Cr：22%；Mn：17%；N：0.75%；C：0.12%；S：0.01%；P：0.015%；Si：0.1%；Cu：
0.2%；Al：0.012%；And Fe.
Embodiment 5
The stainless steel material is the Cr-Mn-N austenitic stainless steels for replacing nickel with nitrogen, and the stainless steel material is comprising following heavy
Measure the component of percentage：
Cr：21%；Mn：16%；N：0.6%；C：0.13%.
Embodiment 6
The stainless steel material is the Cr-Mn-N austenitic stainless steels for replacing nickel with nitrogen, and the stainless steel material is comprising following heavy
Measure the component of percentage：
Cr：21%；Mn：16%；N：0.5%；C：0.13%；S：0.002%；P：0.006%.
Embodiment 6
The stainless steel material is the Cr-Mn-N austenitic stainless steels for replacing nickel with nitrogen, and the stainless steel material is comprising following heavy
Measure the component of percentage：
Cr：21%；Mn：16%；N：0.5%；C：0.13%；S：0.002%；P：0.006%；Si：0.7%；Cu：Nothing；
Al：Nothing；And Fe.
Embodiment 7
The stainless steel material is the Cr-Mn-N austenitic stainless steels for replacing nickel with nitrogen, and the stainless steel material is comprising following heavy
Measure the component of percentage：
Cr：20.6%；Mn：15.79%；N：0.46%；C：0.13%；S：0.003%；P：0.007%；Si：0.72%；
Cu：Nothing；Al：Nothing；B：0.0014%；And Fe.
The embodiment of the method for pressurization induction furnace smelting high-nitrogen steel：
Embodiment 8
Equipment uses 50Kg pressurized Induction Melting stoves, and final vacuum is 6.67 × 10-2Pa, power is 160KW, frequency
Rate is 2500Hz, and batch is 43Kg.Steel grade is 13Cr21Mn16N (non-standard grade of steel), Composition Control scope and smelting control
Target is shown in Table 1.
Table 1：13Cr21Mn16N Composition Controls scope and control targe
By formulaTo make the full of nitrogen during temperature 1873K by can be calculated
It is more than the 0.7% inflated with nitrogen pressure value needed, wherein nitrogenized manganese nitrogen content 5.95% with solubility.
Comprise the following steps that：
(1) pure iron, crome metal, molybdenum, crucible carbon are loaded in stove.Nitrogenized manganese, manganese, deoxidier load feed bin.
(2) pressurization induction furnace melting room is evacuated, vacuum starts power transmission heating furnace charge, power when being less than 15Pa
40KW, is incrementally increased.
(3) furnace charge is cleared out behind existing molten bath, controls power, it is to avoid splash, vacuum is gradually reduced.
(4) power is turned down, into refining, 30Min is refined, vacuum≤5Pa takes off O, N, H etc..
(5) alloying：Part deoxidier, Cu are added by charge door substep.
(6) gas nitrogen alloying：Nitrogen making machine is opened, nitrogen is filled with 2-3 minutes, regulation furnace pressure to required pressure
Value, improves saturation solubility of the nitrogen in molten steel.
(7) MnN alloys are added.
(8) final deoxidier is added, control molten steel temperature is higher than fusing point 100~150 DEG C, declined and oxidation to avoid noting temperature
Film is mixed into beam, powered to pour into ingot mould, and cool 5min.
(9) deflate, break sky, open bell and take out ingot mould, in case carrying out postorder heat treatment.
Table 2：The chemical composition (%) of finished steel
| C | Mn | Si | Cr | Al | N | S | P |
| 0.13 | 16.06 | 0.7 | 20.5 | - | 0.71 | 0.002 | 0.006 |
Nitrogen recovery reaches 99%
Embodiment 9
Equipment uses 50Kg pressurized Induction Melting stoves, and final vacuum is 6.67 × 10-2Pa, power is 160KW, frequency
Rate is 2500Hz, and batch is 43Kg.Steel grade is 13Cr22Mn17N (non-standard grade of steel), Composition Control scope and smelting control
Target is shown in Table 3.
Table 3：13Cr22Mn17N Composition Controls scope and control targe
| C | Mn | Si | Cr | N | S | P | |
| Control range | ＜ 0.15 | 14-17 | ＜ 1 | 18-22 | 0.4-0.7 | ＜ 0.03 | ＜ 0.035 |
| Target component | - | 16 | - | 21 | 0.45 | - | - |
By formulaBy can be calculated during temperature 1873K, to make nitrogen
Saturation solubility is more than the inflated with nitrogen pressure value of 0.45% needs, and wherein nitrogenized manganese nitrogen content 5.95%, nitrided ferro-chromium is nitrogenous
Amount 4.42%.
Comprise the following steps that：
(1) pure iron, crome metal, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, crucible carbon are loaded in stove.Nitrogenized manganese, silicon, carbon, deoxidized aluminium, ferro-boron, nitrogen
Change ferrochrome, deoxidier and load feed bin.Crucible carbon, deoxidized aluminium are deoxidier.
(2) pressurization induction furnace melting room is evacuated, vacuum starts power transmission heating furnace charge, power when being less than 15Pa
40KW, is incrementally increased.
(3) furnace charge is cleared out behind existing molten bath, is maintained and is controlled power, it is to avoid splash, vacuum is gradually reduced.
(4) power is turned down to 25KW, into refining, is refined 30 minutes, vacuum≤5Pa, is taken off O, N, H etc..
(5) alloying：Part deoxidier, Si are added by charge door substep.
(6) gas nitrogen alloying：Open nitrogen making machine, be filled with nitrogen 2-3 minute, adjust furnace pressure to nitrogen charging pressure or
Slightly larger than nitrogen charging pressure, saturation solubility of the nitrogen in molten steel is improved.
(7) FeB, FeCrN, MnN are added.The smelting material for improving partial pressure is referred to FeB.
(8) final deoxidier is added, control molten steel temperature is higher than fusing point 100~150 DEG C, declined and oxidation to avoid noting temperature
Film is mixed into beam, powered to pour into ingot mould, is cooled 5 minutes.
(9) deflate, break sky, open bell and take out ingot mould, in case carrying out postorder heat treatment.
Table 4：The chemical composition (wt%) of finished steel
| C | Mn | Si | Cr | B | N | S | P |
| 0.13 | 15.79 | 0.72 | 20.6 | 0.0014 | 0.46 | 0.003 | 0.007 |
Nitrogen recovery reaches 99.9%.
According to the composition and requirement of nitrogen of different target steel grade, nitrogen is calculated in molten steel according to formula (1) and formula (2)
In activity coefficient, saturation solubility, nitrogen charging pressure and nitrogen pick-up alloy addition.
Further speaking：The step S5 use gaseous state nitriding method, nitrogen gas purity >=99%, nitrogen charging pressure is by formula：Calculated with reference to formula (2).
The embodiment of the process for stamping of high nitrogen steel blank：
Embodiment 10
Equipment uses 50-300t hydraulic presses, and heat treatment band stove is protected using nitrogen atmosphere, 1050 DEG C of holding temperature, often
Secondary soaking time 0.6 hour, 1120 DEG C of vacuum quencher holding temperature in solution treatment, each soaking time 1.1 hours, pressed compact
Mould therefor material is DC53 (HRC64, impact flexibility 70J/cm2), grade of steel used in sheet material is 13Cr21Mn16N (non-standard steel
Number), measured hardness HV270, composition is shown in Table 5.
Table 5：The chemical composition (wt%) of high nitrogen steel
| C | Mn | Si | Cr | Al | N | S | P |
| 0.13 | 16.06 | 0.7 | 20.5 | - | 0.71 | 0.002 | 0.006 |
Idiographic flow：
Sheet material --- -- is heated and softened using spray gun>Blanking shelling base --- -->Open ear --- -->Punching --- -->Slightly
Mill --- -->Thick pressure -- every 1 time --->Band stove softens --- circulation 4 times -->Solution treatment (until size basic forming) --- --
>Thick shovel --- -->Fine grinding --- -->Pressure-sizing --- -->Essence shovel --- -->Repair hole
During thick pressure, the size cold deformation of material is larger, and flow harden is more serious (often pressing a HV increase by more than 10), it is necessary to
Pressure once softens once (hardness can be close to initial value after softening), carries out a solution treatment thoroughly to soften material after every 4 wheel
Material, restorer structure property.
The hardness of mold materials must preferably reach HRC62-64, and notched bar impact strength reaches 60-90J/cm2.Such as HRC62,
Notched bar impact strength 60；Or HRC64, notched bar impact strength 90；Or HRC63, notched bar impact strength 80.
Embodiment 11
S1：Select mould
From Rockwell hardness HRC after tempered processing be 60 and notched bar impact strength is 55J/cm2Mould, by the mould
Tool is assemblied in blank press device.
S2：Heat treatment
S2.1：Base is rushed to high nitrogen steel, base is often rushed and once liquidates the heat treatment of the high nitrogen steel after base afterwards once, the insulation of heat treatment
Temperature is 1050 DEG C, and soaking time is 0.6 hour.
S2.2：Circulation carries out S2.1 operation to after 4 times, carries out a solution treatment：The holding temperature increase of heat treatment
To 1080 DEG C, soaking time 1 hour, oil quenching is quickly cooled down.
S2.3：Circulation carries out S2.1 and S2.2 operation 3 times to high nitrogen steel blank is struck out, i.e., S2.1 of progress successively
Operation with S2.2 is 1 operation of this step, repeats to operate as 3 times.
It is other same as in Example 10, repeat no more.
Embodiment 12
S1：Select mould
From Rockwell hardness HRC after tempered processing be 70 and notched bar impact strength is 120J/cm2Mould, by the mould
Tool is assemblied in blank pressing equipment.
S2：Heat treatment
S2.1：Base is rushed to high nitrogen steel, base is often rushed and once liquidates the heat treatment of the high nitrogen steel after base afterwards once, the insulation of heat treatment
Temperature is 1100 DEG C, and soaking time is 0.75 hour.
S2.2：Circulation carries out S2.1 operation to after 5 times, carries out a solution treatment：The holding temperature increase of heat treatment
To 1120 DEG C, soaking time 1.2 hours, oil quenching is quickly cooled down.
S2.3：Circulation carries out S2.1 and S2.2 operation 7 times to striking out high nitrogen steel blank.
It is other same as in Example 10, repeat no more.
Embodiment 13
S1：Select mould
From Rockwell hardness HRC after tempered processing be 62 and notched bar impact strength is 60J/cm2Mould, by the mould
Tool is assemblied in blank pressing equipment.
S2：Heat treatment
S2.1：Base is rushed to high nitrogen steel, base is often rushed and once liquidates the heat treatment of the high nitrogen steel after base afterwards once, the insulation of heat treatment
Temperature is 1070 DEG C, and soaking time is 0.6 hour.
S2.2：Circulation carries out S2.1 operation to after 5 times, carries out a solution treatment：The holding temperature increase of heat treatment
To 1100 DEG C, soaking time 1 hour, oil quenching is quickly cooled down.
S2.3：Circulation carries out S2.1 and S2.2 operation 5 times to striking out high nitrogen steel blank.
It is other same as in Example 10, repeat no more.
Embodiment 14
S1：Select mould
From Rockwell hardness HRC after tempered processing be 64 and notched bar impact strength is 90J/cm2Mould, by the mould
Tool is assemblied in blank pressing equipment.
S2：Heat treatment
S2.1：Base is rushed to high nitrogen steel, base is often rushed and once liquidates the heat treatment of the high nitrogen steel after base afterwards once, the insulation of heat treatment
Temperature is 1080 DEG C, and soaking time is 0.6 hour.
S2.2：Circulation carries out S2.1 operation to after 5 times, carries out a solution treatment：The holding temperature increase of heat treatment
To 1090 DEG C, soaking time 1.1 hours, oil quenching is quickly cooled down.
S2.3：Circulation carries out S2.1 and S2.2 operation 2 times to striking out high nitrogen steel blank.
It is other same as in Example 10, repeat no more.
Embodiment 15
S1：Select mould
From Rockwell hardness HRC after tempered processing be 63 and notched bar impact strength is 80J/cm2Mould, by the mould
Tool is assemblied in blank pressing equipment.
S2：Heat treatment
S2.1：Base is rushed to high nitrogen steel, base is often rushed and once liquidates the heat treatment of the high nitrogen steel after base afterwards once, the insulation of heat treatment
Temperature is 1090 DEG C, and soaking time is 0.7 hour.
S2.2：Circulation carries out S2.1 operation to after 6 times, carries out a solution treatment：The holding temperature increase of heat treatment
To 1110 DEG C, soaking time 1 hour, oil quenching is quickly cooled down.
S2.3：Circulation carries out S2.1 and S2.2 operation 6 times to striking out high nitrogen steel blank.
It is other same as in Example 10, repeat no more.
The embodiment of the machining process of high nitrogen steel：
Embodiment 16
Using PCV-30 machining centers, maximum speed 15000r/min, coolant is semi-synthetic cutting fluid H537；Milling used
Knife is UKK:KEC0304 carbide-tipped milling cutters, when Cutting Process parameter is as shown in table 6, Milling Process can be normally carried out；It is used
Lathe tool is MBN25 (boron nitride blade), and when turning process parameter is as shown in table 7, turnery processing can be normally carried out.
Table 6：Milling process parameter
Table 7：Turning process parameter
Embodiment 17
The machining process of high nitrogen steel.
This method comprises the following steps：
S1：Select mould
It is 96 from Rockwell hardness HRA, bending strength δ is 2.1GPa mould；
S2：Processing
S2.1：Milling
Plant equipment carries out milling using following machined parameters to high nitrogen steel：Cutting speed Vc is 60m/min, and rotating speed n is
3000r/min, feed engagement fz are 0.01mm/z, and feed speed F is 200mm/min, and bite AP is 0.03mm；
S2.2：Turning
Plant equipment carries out turning using following machined parameters to high nitrogen steel：Rotating speed n is 700r/min, feed of every rotation fr
For 0.02mm/r, bite AP is 0.05mm；
Until high nitrogen steel is processed into the part for meeting design requirement；
Wherein, milling and coolant is used during turning, coolant is the emulsion that mass fraction is 5%, the emulsion
PH value be 9.0.The refraction coefficient of the emulsion is 2, and is rust preventing emulsion.
Embodiment 18
This method comprises the following steps：
S1：Select mould
It is 95.5 from Rockwell hardness HRA, bending strength δ is 2.3GPa mould；
S2：Processing
S2.1：Milling
Plant equipment carries out milling using following machined parameters to high nitrogen steel：Cutting speed Vc is 100m/min, and rotating speed n is
5000r/min, feed engagement fz are 0.02mm/z, and feed speed F is 300mm/min, and bite AP is 0.2mm；
S2.2：Turning
Plant equipment carries out turning using following machined parameters to high nitrogen steel：Rotating speed n is 1000r/min, feed of every rotation
Fr is 0.004mm/r, and bite AP is 0.3mm；
Until high nitrogen steel is processed into the part for meeting design requirement；
Wherein, milling and coolant is used during turning, coolant is the emulsion that mass fraction is 3%, the emulsion
PH value be 9.5.The refraction coefficient of the emulsion is 3, and is rust preventing emulsion.
Embodiment 19
This method comprises the following steps：
S1：Select mould
It is 96 from Rockwell hardness HRA, bending strength δ is 2.5GPa mould；
S2：Processing
S2.1：Machined parameters during milling
Plant equipment carries out milling using following machined parameters to high nitrogen steel：Cutting speed Vc is 70m/min, and rotating speed n is
3500r/min, feed engagement fz are 0.015mm/z, and feed speed F is 211mm/min, and bite AP is 0.09mm；
S2.2：Machined parameters during turning
Plant equipment carries out turning using following machined parameters to high nitrogen steel：Rotating speed n is 800r/min, feed of every rotation fr
For 0.039mm/r, bite AP is 0.18mm；
Until high nitrogen steel is processed into the part for meeting design requirement；
Wherein, milling and coolant is used during turning, coolant is the emulsion that mass fraction is 6%, the emulsion
PH value be 9.2.The refraction coefficient of the emulsion is 1, and is rust preventing emulsion.
Whole implementation example：
Embodiment 20
Equipment uses 50Kg pressurized Induction Melting stoves, and final vacuum is 6.67 × 10-2Pa, power is 160KW, frequency
Rate is 2500Hz, and batch is 43Kg.Steel grade is 13Cr21Mn16N (non-standard grade of steel), Composition Control scope and smelting control
Target is shown in Table 8.
Table 8：13Cr21Mn16N Composition Controls scope and control targe
| C | Mn | Si | Cr | Al | N | S | P | |
| Control range | ＜ 0.15 | 14-17 | ＜ 1 | 18-22 | ＜ 0.02 | 0.4-0.75 | ＜ 0.03 | ＜ 0.035 |
| Target component | - | 16 | - | 21 | - | 0.7 | - | - |
By formulaTo make the full of nitrogen during temperature 1873K by can be calculated
It is more than the 0.7% inflated with nitrogen pressure value needed, wherein nitrogenized manganese nitrogen content 5.95% with solubility.
Comprise the following steps that：
(1) pure iron, crome metal, molybdenum, crucible carbon are loaded in stove.Nitrogenized manganese, manganese, deoxidier load feed bin.
(2) pressurization induction furnace melting room is evacuated, vacuum starts power transmission heating furnace charge, power when being less than 15Pa
40KW, is incrementally increased.
(3) furnace charge is cleared out behind existing molten bath, controls power, it is to avoid splash, vacuum is gradually reduced.
(4) power is turned down, into refining, 30Min is refined, vacuum≤5Pa takes off O, N, H etc..
(5) alloying：Part deoxidier, Cu are added by charge door substep.
(6) gas nitrogen alloying：Nitrogen making machine is opened, nitrogen is filled with 2-3 minutes, regulation furnace pressure to required pressure
Value, improves saturation solubility of the nitrogen in molten steel.
(7) MnN alloys are added.
(8) final deoxidier is added, control molten steel temperature is higher than fusing point 100~150 DEG C, declined and oxidation to avoid noting temperature
Film is mixed into beam, powered to pour into ingot mould, and cool 5min.
(9) deflate, break sky, open bell and take out ingot mould, in case carrying out postorder heat treatment.
Table 9：The chemical composition (wt%) of high nitrogen steel
| C | Mn | Si | Cr | Al | N | S | P |
| 0.13 | 16.06 | 0.7 | 20.5 | - | 0.71 | 0.002 | 0.006 |
Nitrogen recovery reaches 99%
By the above method, the high nitrogen steel of contained element mass percent as shown in table 9 is obtained.
Blank punching press is carried out to the high nitrogen steel：
S1：Select mould
From Rockwell hardness HRC after tempered processing be 63 and notched bar impact strength is 90J/cm2Mould, by the mould
Tool is assemblied in blank pressing equipment.
S2：Heat treatment
S2.1：Base is rushed to high nitrogen steel, base is often rushed and once liquidates the heat treatment of the high nitrogen steel after base afterwards once, the insulation of heat treatment
Temperature is 1080 DEG C, and soaking time is 0.6 hour.
S2.2：Circulation carries out S2.1 operation to after 5 times, carries out a solution treatment：The holding temperature increase of heat treatment
To 1090 DEG C, soaking time 1.1 hours.Solution treatment is preferred to use oil quenching processing, in other embodiments, it would however also be possible to employ
Water Quenching.
S2.3：Circulation carries out S2.1 and S2.2 operation 2 times to striking out high nitrogen steel blank.
The high nitrogen steel blank being made is machined：
Machining comprises the following steps：
S1：Select mould
It is 96 from Rockwell hardness HRA, bending strength δ is 2.5GPa mould；
S2：Processing
S2.1：Machined parameters during milling
Plant equipment carries out milling using following machined parameters to high nitrogen steel：Cutting speed Vc is 70m/min, and rotating speed n is
3500r/min, feed engagement fz are 0.015mm/z, and feed speed F is 211mm/min, and bite AP is 0.09mm；
S2.2：Machined parameters during turning
Plant equipment carries out turning using following machined parameters to high nitrogen steel：Rotating speed n is 800r/min, feed of every rotation fr
For 0.039mm/r, bite AP is 0.18mm；
Until high nitrogen steel is processed into the part for meeting design requirement；
Wherein, milling and coolant is used during turning, coolant is the emulsion that mass fraction is 6%, the emulsion
PH value be 9.2.The refraction coefficient of the emulsion is 2, and is rust preventing emulsion.
Embodiments of the invention are described above, but the invention is not limited in above-mentioned specific embodiment party
Formula, above-mentioned embodiment is only schematical, rather than restricted, and one of ordinary skill in the art is in this hair
Under bright enlightenment, in the case of present inventive concept and scope of the claimed protection is not departed from, many forms can be also made, this
It is a little to belong within the protection of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of machining process of high nitrogen steel, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
S1：Select cutter
It is more than 95 from Rockwell hardness HRA, bending strength δ is more than 2GPa cutter；
S2：Processing
S2.1：Milling
Plant equipment carries out milling using following machined parameters to high nitrogen steel：Cutting speed Vc is between 60-100m/min, rotating speed n
Between 3000-5000r/min, feed engagement fz between 0.01-0.02mm/z, feed speed F between 200-300mm/min,
Bite AP is between 0.03-0.2mm；
S2.2：Turning
Plant equipment carries out turning using following machined parameters to high nitrogen steel：Rotating speed n between 700-1000r/min, often rotate into
Fr is measured between 0.02-0.04mm/r, bite AP is between 0.05-0.3mm；
Until high nitrogen steel is processed into the part for meeting design requirement；
Wherein, milling and coolant is used during turning, coolant is the emulsion that mass fraction is 3-6%, the emulsion
PH value is between 9.0-9.5.
2. the machining process of high nitrogen steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the refraction coefficient of the emulsion
Between 1-3, and it is rust preventing emulsion.
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| CN104690493B (en) * | 2013-12-04 | 2017-04-12 | 林凤俊 | Stainless rule processing method |
| CN103924031A (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2014-07-16 | 钢铁研究总院 | Method for smelting high-nitrogen steel by vacuum induction positive-pressure furnace |
| CN104611643A (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-05-13 | 内蒙古科技大学 | 316 austenitic stainless steel with nitrogen increased and nickel decreased and preparation method thereof |
| CN104831194A (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2015-08-12 | 唐满宾 | Processing method of automobile front bumper |
| CN104841747A (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2015-08-19 | 唐满宾 | Processing method of automobile B column reinforcing plate |
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| CN105095678A (en) * | 2015-09-09 | 2015-11-25 | 内蒙古科技大学 | Method for calculating nitrogen solubility during high nitrogen steel smelting by nitrides and application |
| CN105463298B (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2017-07-11 | 东北大学 | A kind of method that low-aluminium high nitrogen martensitic stain less steel is smelted in sensing of pressurizeing |
| CN105479104A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-04-13 | 合肥工业大学 | Machining method of slender shaft made of17-4PH stainless steel material |
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| CN107553061A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-01-09 | 贵州航天电子科技有限公司 | A kind of processing method of austenite stainless steel part |
| CN109722612B (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2021-02-26 | 宝武特种冶金有限公司 | High-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel without nitrogen bubble formation and manufacturing method of extra-large electroslag ingot of high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel |
| CN108546867B (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2020-01-17 | 钢铁研究总院 | Smelting method of casting blank of duplex stainless steel |
| CN108546889B (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2020-09-08 | 飞亚达（集团）股份有限公司 | Stainless steel material and preparation method thereof |
| CN108555285A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-09-21 | 宁夏先科新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of high-nitrogen nickel-free powder of stainless steel and preparation method thereof, application |
| CN109609863B (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2021-08-20 | 飞亚达（集团）股份有限公司 | High-nitrogen nickel-free stainless steel powder and preparation method thereof |
| CN109609864B (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2021-07-13 | 飞亚达（集团）股份有限公司 | High-nitrogen nickel-free stainless steel powder and preparation method thereof |
| CN113373316B (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2022-12-09 | 东北大学 | Method for preparing high-nitrogen high-speed steel gradient material by determining pressurized electroslag remelting pressure and dynamically adjusting pressure and application |
| CN114032461B (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2022-05-27 | 华北理工大学 | High-nitrogen steel with high strength, low yield ratio and high corrosion resistance for marine engineering and preparation method thereof |
| CN115961216B (en) * | 2023-02-15 | 2023-08-04 | 山东烟炉节能科技有限公司 | Submarine oil and gas transmission pipeline and preparation method thereof |
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| GB9922757D0 (en) * | 1999-09-27 | 1999-11-24 | Heymark Metals Ltd | Improved steel composition |
| JP2003221615A (en) * | 2002-01-30 | 2003-08-08 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Method for manufacturing high-nitrogen steel |
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| JP2006007289A (en) * | 2004-06-28 | 2006-01-12 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Method for producing high nitrogen steel |
| CN101077425A (en) * | 2006-05-24 | 2007-11-28 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Medical free nickel high nitrogen stainless steel material and preparation and application thereof |
| CN101385669B (en) * | 2007-09-12 | 2010-12-08 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Anti-coagulation stainless steel coronary arterial bracket and uses thereof |
| CN100532609C (en) * | 2008-06-04 | 2009-08-26 | 长春工业大学 | Method for preparing high nitrogen and nickel-less austenitic stainless steel |
| CN101791650B (en) * | 2010-04-12 | 2011-11-30 | 温州市科能金属制品有限公司 | Ultra-deep stretching method for stainless steel product |
| CN102002640B (en) * | 2010-09-09 | 2012-08-08 | 中国兵器工业第五二研究所 | Method for preparing high nitrogen steel by adopting pressurized induction |
| CN102212660B (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2012-11-07 | 东北大学 | Intensified annealing method of nickel (Ni)-free high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel |
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| CN105296869A (en) | 2016-02-03 |
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