CN101205589A - Soft ferritic stainless steel and manufacture method thereof - Google Patents
Soft ferritic stainless steel and manufacture method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101205589A CN101205589A CNA200610147427XA CN200610147427A CN101205589A CN 101205589 A CN101205589 A CN 101205589A CN A200610147427X A CNA200610147427X A CN A200610147427XA CN 200610147427 A CN200610147427 A CN 200610147427A CN 101205589 A CN101205589 A CN 101205589A
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Abstract
The invention discloses soft ferritic stainless steel and a method for manufacturing the same, wherein the mass percentage compositions of the stainless steel are: 0.01 to 0.03 percent by mass of C, 0.2 to 0.4 percent by mass of Mn, 0.2 to 0.4 percent by mass of Si, 15 to 17 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.025 percent of N, less than or equal to 0.020 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.0030 percent of S and the balance Fe and unavoidable impurities; the method comprises the following: 1) a step of smelting and continuous casting, in which molten iron and alloy material are subject to treatment by an AOD furnace and a VOD furnace, making the content of each composition with in the required range and then to continuous casting to be formed into blanks; 2) a step of heating plate blanks, in which the plate blanks are heated to between 1050 and 1100 DEG C for no less than 180 minutes; 3) a step of hot rolling, in which the finishing temperature is between 860 and 880 DEG C, the coiling temperature is 750+-20 DEG C; 4) a step of heat treatment after rolling, in which the annealing temperature is between 860 and 900 DEG C, with acid cleaning; 5) a step of cold rolling, in which the total draft is more than or equal to 70 percent; 6) a step of heat treatment after rolling, in where the annealing temperature is between 880 and 920 DEG C. The stainless steel manufactured by the invention is low in cost, moderate in flexibility and has certain anti-corrosion and wear-resistance properties.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of soft ferritic stainless steel and manufacture method thereof.
Background technology
Ferrite stainless steel material is not nickeliferous or contain minor amount of nickel be significantly less than austenitic stainless steel on cost because of it, again because it has local corrosion performances such as the good thing of anti-chlorine stress corrosion, anti-spot corrosion and slit and corrosion resistant, be widely used in household electrical appliances, kitchen guarding, freight container, production and automotive industry etc. simultaneously.And ferritic stainless steel is used for commemorative coin, recreation is with coin and have aspect such as celature artwork and but rarely have report, commemorative coin Chang Yinqi certain sense and requirement, the cost of material therefor is higher, gold commonly used, silver, the Au-Ag alloy, some commemorative coin is to plate brass or gold with the Cu-Ni alloy to mix pattern also very magnificent attractive in appearance, below all too high because of cost, circulation is few relatively, general commerce or commemorative coin or the gift of enterprises and institutions for its memorable activity is made, as adopt the cheap relatively ferritic stainless steel of cost to do material will to be undoubtedly a kind of good selection, and for the recreation coin, replace plastics or carbon steel material with stainless material, not only material surface has beautiful gloss, and has plastics or the unrivaled erosion resistance of carbon steel material.Ferritic stainless steel commonly used is such as 0Cr17 or 5f1Cr17, because the higher embossing that is unfavorable for commemorative coin of its hardness, too soft ferrite stainless steel material is then again because it is soft excessively, wear resistance is not enough after the embossing sex change, and this just needs design, and a kind of the cost of material is low, through the moderate ferritic stainless steel of hardness after the appropriate method process for processing.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of soft ferritic stainless steel and manufacture method thereof, cost is low, and hardness is moderate, and, possess certain erosion resistance, wear resistance.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is, a kind of soft ferritic stainless steel, and its composition quality per-cent is:
C 0.01-0.03
Mn 0.2-0.4
Si 0.2-0.4
Cr 15-17
N≤0.025
P≤0.020
S≤0.0030
All the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.
In composition of the present invention,
C, N: in stainless steel, C, N are the intensive austenite former, when C+N＞0.03%.α+γ double structure is arranged under the high temperature, and in process of cooling subsequently, austenitic transformation becomes martensite, will increase the hardness of material, and in addition, to ferritic stainless steel, C, N are too high, and the anti intercrystalline corrosion ability of material is worsened more.
Si, Mn: these two kinds of elements add as deoxidant element, for obtain soft and hot workability good, wish Mn, Si content be preferably in satisfy under the deoxidation requirement low more good more.
Cr: stainless steel requires to have good solidity to corrosion, and minimum Cr content requirement is not less than 12%, in order to make the design's material have to a certain degree erosion resistance and to guarantee the reasonable hot workability of this material, Cr content is fixed on 15～17%.
P: be that toughness worsens element, make the materials processing difficulty, should be low as far as possible.
S: forming sulfide inclusion in steel, is harmful element, should be controlled in the lower scope according to controllability.
The manufacture method of soft ferritic stainless steel of the present invention, it comprises the steps,
1) soft ferritic stainless steel, its composition quality per-cent is: C0.01-0.03, Mn0.2-0.4, Si0.2-0.4, Cr15-17, N≤0.025, P≤0.020, S≤0.0030, all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities;
2) smelting, continuous casting become base, and the smelting molten iron phosphorus content is controlled at 0.007%; Molten iron and alloy material are mixed at argon oxygen decarburizing furnace (AOD), pass through further decarburization of vacuum-oxygen decarbonizing stove (VOD), denitrogenation again, carry out the alloy fine setting simultaneously, make each composition all be controlled in the claimed range; Vacuum-oxygen decarbonizing stove (VOD) tapping terminal point: below the C:0.030%, below the N:0.02%; Continuous casting becomes base then;
3) slab heating, 1050～1100 ℃ of Heating temperature scopes, be not less than 180 minutes total heat-up time, guarantees that board briquette is even;
4) hot rolling, finishing temperature: 860～880 ℃, coiling temperature: 750 ℃ ± 20 ℃;
5) roll postheat treatment: annealing temperature is 860～900 ℃, pickling;
6) cold rolling, total draft is not less than 70%;
7) roll postheat treatment, annealing temperature is 880 ℃～920 ℃.
Again, casting process uses induction stirring step 2).
In manufacture method of the present invention,
Smelt:
(1) require low-phosphorous molten iron, phosphorus content is controlled at below 0.007%, prevents follow-up steelmaking process because the bringing into of phosphorus in the alloying element, and surpasses the material scope of design.
(2) vacuum-oxygen decarbonizing stove tapping terminal point: below the C:0.030%, below the N:0.02%.In order that prevent that molten steel contacts back C with air, tundish covering flux and crystallizer protecting residue in follow-up casting process, N content increases, surpass the scope of design of material.
(3) use induction stirring in the continuous casting two cold section, so that strand has a certain proportion of equiax crystal (generally greater than 30%).This will help preventing or improve the wrinkling on coiled sheet surface behind the ferrite cold deformation.
Hot rolling:
(1) the Heating temperature scope is 1050～1100 ℃, and be not less than 180 minutes total heat-up time, guarantees that board briquette is even.If temperature is higher than 1100 ℃, this material will be because of too soft and slab nose after roll banding or the roughing in course of hot rolling, make follow-up rolling being difficult to nip and damage roll, simultaneously also in order to prevent that too high temperature from making original as cast condition crystal grain too thick, more streaky structure occurs in the operation of rolling, thereby be unfavorable for the recrystallize in the subsequent heat treatment.
Finishing temperature: 860～880 ℃, coiling temperature: 750 ℃ ± 20 ℃.
The hot-rolled sheet coil gauge control is at 4.5～6.5mm.Consider product final thickness and cold rolling draft requirement to this material, this hot-rolled sheet thickness must not be lower than 4.5mm.
The heat treating regime of hot-rolled sheet: annealing temperature is 860～900 ℃.If temperature is lower than 860 ℃, can not get sufficient elimination through the work hardening behind the hot rolling deformation, surpass 900 ℃ of crystal grain and will become thick, and in follow-up cold-rolled process, ftracture easily.
Cold rolling: total draft is not less than 70%.If less than 70% then easily the fold defective occurs, the aesthetic property on influence surface rolling the volume surface.
Cold rolling heat treating regime: annealing temperature is 880 ℃～920 ℃.Temperature is low excessively, and material hardness is higher, and temperature is too high, and material grains is too thick, influences the intensity and the plasticity index of material.
Above method manufacturing of process and the stainless material of handling, Vickers' hardness can be extended greater than 35% below 135, and resisting chlorides corrodibility ability is better than SUS430, can can satisfy the wear resistance requirement of material more than 220 through Vickers' hardness after 15% the distortion.
Beneficial effect of the present invention
The present invention compared with the prior art, the ferritic stainless steel of existing trade mark 0Cr17, its composition C, N wide ranges (all below 0.05%) and not harsh to P content (below 0.03%) requirement, in industrial production, be easy to produce by electric furnace+argon oxygen decarburizing furnace, behind hot rolling, annealing, cold rolling and final annealing, material hardness is higher, is not suitable for being used in commemorative coin or recreation with on the coin.
The present invention is by reducing C, N content and P content, and the Vickers' hardness that the above-mentioned production technique of process makes material can reach more than 220 through hardness after 15% the distortion, thereby have certain wear resistance below 135.
The pure ferritic stainless steel of other low-carbon (LC)s adds alloying elements such as Ti, Nb in order to increase its solidity to corrosion in the steel of being everlasting, the material cost that designs among the present invention increases relatively, and normal because adding Ti has increased the difficulty that continuous casting is produced.
China Patent No. CN861001805A discloses Ultrasoft stainless steel, it comprises elements such as 0.005～0.5%Cu, 0.01～0.6%Mo, 0.02～1.0%Ni, composition is than complexity of the present invention, and material cost is higher than the present invention, and manufacture method is limited to the induction furnace of low capacity.
By above comparison, it is low that the produced ferrite stainless steel material of the inventive method possesses cost, and form industrial production easily, directly embossing moulding of material, do not need coated metal, material surface can satisfy the requirement to material of common commemorative coin, recreation usefulness coin and Sheet Metal Forming Technology product fully.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 a is the cold rolled annealed metallograph of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 1 b is the cold rolled annealed metallograph of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
The embodiment composition sees Table 1, and manufacturing process is referring to table 2, and mechanical property sees Table 3, sees Table 4 with SUS430 resistance to corrosion comparative test result, adopts 10% FeCl
3Solution carries out soak test, and the testing liquid temperature is 50 ℃, and soak time is 5 hours, and sample size is 20mm (length) * 40mm (wide) * 1.7mm (thick), and as can be seen from Table 4, the present invention is more a lot of by force than SUS430 resisting chlorides corrosive power.The cold rolled annealed metallograph of test steel is seen Fig. 1 a, Fig. 1 b, and the crystal grain grade is at 7.5 grades.Crystal grain is thin more, and the intensity of steel improves, and follows hardness to improve simultaneously, so this material does not need the unlimited high grain fineness number of pursuing.
Table 1
Unit: mass percent
| Embodiment | C | Mn | Si | S | P | Cr | N | Fe |
| 1 | 0.015 | 0.31 | 0.26 | 0.002 | 0.013 | 16.50 | 0.0070 | Surplus |
| 2 | 0.014 | 0.32 | 0.20 | 0.003 | 0.014 | 16.38 | 0.0111 | Surplus |
| 3 | 0.010 | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.001 | 0.010 | 16.00 | 0.010 | Surplus |
| 4 | 0.012 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.001 | 0.018 | 15.00 | 0.008 | Surplus |
| 5 | 0.025 | 0.22 | 0.25 | 0.001 | 0.010 | 16.80 | 0.020 | Surplus |
| 6 | 0.030 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.003 | 0.010 | 17.00 | 0.006 | Surplus |
| 7 | 0.010 | 0.20 | 0.35 | 0.001 | 0.020 | 15.50 | 0.025 | Surplus |
| 8 | 0.018 | 0.35 | 0.30 | 0.002 | 0.010 | 17.00 | 0.010 | Surplus |
Table 2
| Embodiment | Tundish superheating temperature ℃ | Pulling rate m/mm | Slab heating temperature ℃ | Finish rolling terminal temperature ℃ | Hot-rolled sheet annealing temperature ℃ | Cold rolling draft | Cold rolled annealed temperature ℃ |
| 1 | 35 | 0.9 | 1100 | 880 | 880 | 71.6％ | 880 |
| 2 | 25 | 1.0 | 1080 | 860 | 860 | 73％ | 880 |
| 3 | 25 | 1.0 | 1050 | 860 | 860 | 75％ | 890 |
| 4 | 30 | 0.9 | 1060 | 860 | 865 | 72％ | 900 |
| 5 | 25 | 1.0 | 1070 | 870 | 870 | 75％ | 910 |
| 6 | 35 | 0.8 | 1100 | 880 | 900 | 78％ | 920 |
| 7 | 30 | 0.9 | 1090 | 880 | 890 | 76％ | 910 |
| 8 | 25 | 1.0 | 1080 | 880 | 880 | 77％ | 900 |
The mechanical property (cold rolled annealed product) of table 3 test steel
| Embodiment | Yield strength Mpa | Tensile strength Mpa | Hardness Hv | 15% distortion back hardness Hv | Extend % |
| 1 | 270 | 402 | 130 | 220 | 31 |
| 2 | 288 | 420 | 126 | 230 | 36 |
| 3 | 260 | 400 | 120 | 220 | 35 |
| 4 | 265 | 395 | 118 | 222 | 38 |
| 5 | 290 | 430 | 140 | 235 | 30 |
| 6 | 285 | 420 | 135 | 230 | 32 |
| 7 | 280 | 410 | 130 | 225 | 35 |
| 8 | 288 | 408 | 132 | 230 | 34 |
Table 4 corrosion resistance test result
| Weightless g | Weight loss rate g/ (m 2h) | |
| Embodiment 1 | 0.0407 | 0.0526 |
| Embodiment 2 | 0.0587 | 0.0763 |
| Comparative Examples SUS430 | 0.12636 | 0.807 |
In sum, the stainless material that the present invention produces, its hardness is low, can be used for doing punching press commemorative coin, recreation coin and artwork etc., and through after the punching press, hardness increases, thereby makes goods possess certain wear resistance.
Claims (3)
1. soft ferritic stainless steel, its composition quality per-cent is:
C 0.01-0.03
Mn 0.2-0.4
Si 0.2-0.4
Cr 15-17
N≤0.025
P≤0.020
S≤0.0030
All the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.
2. the manufacture method of soft ferritic stainless steel as claimed in claim 1, it comprises the steps,
1) soft ferritic stainless steel, its composition quality per-cent is: C 0.01-0.03, Mn 0.2-0.4, Si 0.2-0.4, Cr 15-17, N≤0.025, P≤0.020, S≤0.0030, all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities;
2) smelting, continuous casting become base, and smelting molten iron P content is controlled at 0.007%; Molten iron and alloy material argon oxygen decarburizing furnace be mixed and preliminary decarburization after, pass through the further decarburization of vacuum-oxygen decarbonizing stove, denitrogenation again, carry out the alloy fine setting simultaneously, make each composition all be controlled in the claimed range; Vacuum-oxygen decarbonizing stove tapping terminal point: below the C:0.030%, below the N:0.02%; Continuous casting becomes base then;
3) slab heating, 1050～1100 ℃ of Heating temperature scopes, be not less than 180 minutes total heat-up time, guarantees that board briquette is even;
4) hot rolling, finishing temperature: 860～880 ℃, coiling temperature: 750 ℃ ± 20 ℃;
5) roll postheat treatment: annealing temperature is 860～900 ℃, pickling;
6) cold rolling, total draft is not less than 70%;
7) roll postheat treatment, annealing temperature is 880 ℃～920 ℃.
3. the manufacture method of soft ferritic stainless steel as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that step 2) middle casting process use induction stirring.
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| CN101829889A (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2010-09-15 | 钟长林 | Production process of austenitic stainless steel bar by short-process continuous casting and rolling |
| CN102021480A (en) * | 2009-09-22 | 2011-04-20 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Low-chromium ferritic stainless steel and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN101845603B (en) * | 2009-03-26 | 2012-07-25 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Ferrite stainless steel for high temperature-end part of exhaust system of automobile and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN101724784B (en) * | 2008-10-23 | 2012-09-19 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Stainless cold-rolling strip steel and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102041455B (en) * | 2009-10-23 | 2013-03-27 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Stainless steel for heat exchanger welded pipe and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN104726785A (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2015-06-24 | 宝钢不锈钢有限公司 | Medium-chromium ferritic stainless steel without corrosion channel at crystal boundary and production method of stainless steel |
| CN104975237A (en) * | 2011-06-16 | 2015-10-14 | 新日铁住金不锈钢株式会社 | Ferritic stainless-steel sheet with excellent non-ridging property and process for producing same |
| CN107567362A (en) * | 2015-02-25 | 2018-01-09 | 金属价值联合股份公司 | Gas atomization metal dust is pressed into part |
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- 2006-12-18 CN CNA200610147427XA patent/CN101205589A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101724784B (en) * | 2008-10-23 | 2012-09-19 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Stainless cold-rolling strip steel and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN101845603B (en) * | 2009-03-26 | 2012-07-25 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Ferrite stainless steel for high temperature-end part of exhaust system of automobile and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102021480A (en) * | 2009-09-22 | 2011-04-20 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Low-chromium ferritic stainless steel and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102021480B (en) * | 2009-09-22 | 2013-05-15 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Manufacturing method of low-chromium ferritic stainless steel |
| CN102041455B (en) * | 2009-10-23 | 2013-03-27 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Stainless steel for heat exchanger welded pipe and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN101829889A (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2010-09-15 | 钟长林 | Production process of austenitic stainless steel bar by short-process continuous casting and rolling |
| CN104975237A (en) * | 2011-06-16 | 2015-10-14 | 新日铁住金不锈钢株式会社 | Ferritic stainless-steel sheet with excellent non-ridging property and process for producing same |
| CN104975237B (en) * | 2011-06-16 | 2017-06-23 | 新日铁住金不锈钢株式会社 | The excellent ferrite series stainless steel plate of wrinkle resistance and its manufacture method |
| CN107567362A (en) * | 2015-02-25 | 2018-01-09 | 金属价值联合股份公司 | Gas atomization metal dust is pressed into part |
| CN104726785A (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2015-06-24 | 宝钢不锈钢有限公司 | Medium-chromium ferritic stainless steel without corrosion channel at crystal boundary and production method of stainless steel |
| CN110004351A (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2019-07-12 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | The production system of copper bearing steel |
| CN110004351B (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2024-04-19 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Production system of copper-containing steel |
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