CN101158007A - Ferritic stainless steel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Ferritic stainless steel and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention is a ferrite stainless steel plate and a preparation method. The stainless steel plate consists of (in weight percentage): C is less than or equal to 0.03, Si is less than or equal to 1.00, Mn is less than or equal to 1.00, Cr:15-25, P is less than or equal to 0.035, S is less than or equal to 0.03, N is less than or equal to 0.03, 0.20 is less than or equal to Cu and Cu is less than or equal to1.5%, Ti+Nb0.2+4 multiplied by (C+N)-0.75, the rest being Fe and unavoidable impurity. The preparation method for the stainless steel plate is as follows: (1) the casting billet is smelted, the casting billet comprises (in weight percentage):C is less than or equal to 0.03, Si is less than or equal to 1.00, Mn is less than or equal to 1.00, Cr:15-25, P is less than or equal to 0.035, S is less than or equal to 0.03, N is less than or equal to 0.03, 0.20 is less than or equal to Cu and Cu is less than or equal to1.5%, Ti+Nb 0.2+4 multiplied by (C+N)-0.75, the rest being Fe and unavoidable impurity;(2) the casting billet is heated;(3) hot the casting billet is hot-rolled; (4)cold roll and anneal. The ferrite stainless steel plate has the anti-corrosion performance and the weldability close to the anti-corrosion performance and the weldability of stainless steel 304, the preparation method of the ferrite stainless steel can be just general preparation method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ferrite stainless steel and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Stainless steel is a kind of special material, have the feature of functional materials and structured material concurrently, be widely used in industry and civilian various fields with the premium properties of uniquenesses such as its stainless, anti-corrosion, heat-resisting, low temperature resistant, easy processing, recyclable, exquisite appearance, life-cycle cost is low.Whole world stainless steel consumption also is to increase year by year, and by 2006, the stainless output in the whole world reached 2,840 ten thousand tons.304 austenitic stainless steels are with its good solidity to corrosion, workability and become the steel grade most widely used in the stainless steel, that usage quantity is maximum.Though 304 stainless steels have good character,, noble metal nickel content is up to 9%, thereby the price height.With the increase of stainless steel output, the nickel consumption is rapid growth also in recent years, makes nickel resources become more and more nervous, and the nickel valency significantly rises thereupon, and 304 stainless costs further increase.Gone up by the nickel valency influences, and in order to reduce production costs, global enterprises of producing stainless steel is all being developed energetically and developed low cheaply nickel or do not have the ferritic stainless steel of nickel.Ferritic stainless steel is subjected to general welcome with its cheap price, outstanding solidity to corrosion and thermotolerance.At present, ferritic stainless steel has been applied to a plurality of industrial circles.Yet be subjected to the restriction of ferrite crystal grain essential characteristic, compare with 304 austenitic steels, its formability and weldability are poor, use to be subjected to great restriction.Up to the present, in order to improve the performance of ferritic stainless steel, the researchist has done many trials, has developed multiple ferritic stainless steel.But, adopt traditional technology method improvement ferritic stainless steel performance not remarkable, also do not reach effect near 304 austenitic steels.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiency of existing ferrite stainless steel and preparation method thereof, the invention provides a kind of plasticity and solidity to corrosion and weldability and the approaching ferrite stainless steel of 304 stainless steels, the preparation method of this steel plate is provided simultaneously.
The present invention mainly is based on ferritic stainless steel, and compare its plasticity and weldability with austenitic stainless steel poor, for improving these defectives that ferritic stainless steel exists, improve these performances by composition design and production technique, be mainly reflected in and improve chromium content in the steel, reduce carbon and nitrogen content and add an amount of trace alloying element.
The composition of this ferrite stainless steel (weight percent) is:
C≤0.03 Si≤1.00 0.01≤Mn≤1.00 Cr：15～25 P≤0.035
S≤0.03 N≤0.03 0.20≤Cu≤1.5
Ti+Nb 0.2+4 * (C+N) ∽ 0.75 all the other Fe and inevitable impurity
According to performance demands, can add a kind of element or two kinds of elements among Ni, the Mo again, the amount of interpolation (weight percent) is respectively: 0.20%≤Ni≤3.0% 0.1%≤Mo≤2.0%.
The preparation method of this ferrite stainless steel comprises following sequential steps:
(1) smelts strand
Adopt molten iron and steel scrap and nickel, Chrome metal powder or low nickel-chromium pig iron, after AOD stove or K-OBM-S converter refining just, pass through the VOD refining treatment again, pour into strand, the composition of strand (weight percent) is:
C≤0.03 Si≤1.00 0.01≤Mn≤1.00 Cr：15～25 P≤0.035
S≤0.03 N≤0.03 0.20≤Cu≤1.5
Ti+Nb 0.2+4 * (C+N) ∽ 0.75 all the other Fe and inevitable impurity.
(2) strand heating
Strand is heated in sealed heating furnace, and slab heating temperature is 1180 ℃ ± 30 ℃; Heat-up time 〉=200 minute.
(3) strand hot rolling
Adopt control finishing temperature technology, the hot continuous rolling final rolling temperature is controlled at 850 ℃-900 ℃.Laminar flow cooling after the hot rolling, coiling temperature is controlled at 700 ℃-750 ℃.
Hot rolling adopts continuous annealing process, and annealing temperature is controlled at 980 ± 30 ℃, TV value 60-100.
(4) cold rolling, annealing
Carry out cold rolling to the hot rolling after the pickling; Then cold-reduced sheet is annealed, the annealing furnace temperature is set at 900 ± 30 ℃, TV value 50-80.
The preparation method of above-mentioned ferrite stainless steel, when step () is smelted strand according to performance demands, can add a kind of element or two kinds of elements among Ni, the Mo again, the amount of interpolation (weight percent) is respectively: 0.20%≤Ni≤3.0% 0.1%≤Mo≤2.0%.
Super-purity ferrite stainless steel of the present invention contains higher chromium, and chromium is to improve solidity to corrosion and stable on heating useful alloy, and the high more effect of chromium content is good more; Extremely low carbon, nitrogen content have improved steel solidity to corrosion and mechanical property; Niobium and titanium are the trace elements in the steel, and they suppress the carbon of chromium, the formation of nitride, thereby improve the intergranular corrosion resistance performance of steel; Nickel, copper and molybdenum can both improve the solidity to corrosion and the processing characteristics of steel.This ferritic stainless steel is not nickeliferous or nickel content is more much lower than 304 austenitic stainless steels, and cost is lower than 304 austenitic stainless steels, and plasticity and solidity to corrosion and weldability reach the level suitable with 304 stainless steels, referring to table 1 and table 2.Composition obtains every performance of this ferritic stainless steel in the steel by adjusting, and therefore, does not need special working condition, can realize with conventional preparation method.Super-purity ferrite stainless steel plate of the present invention can replace 304 stainless steels in fields such as tableware, building decoration, tame electrical article, vehicle parts.
Embodiment
Describe the embodiment of this ferritic stainless steel and production method thereof in detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but the embodiment of this ferritic stainless steel and production method thereof is not limited to following embodiment.
Steel plate embodiment one
The super-purity ferrite stainless steel plate thickness of present embodiment is 1.0mm, wide 1200mm, and its Chemical Composition (weight percent) is:
C 0.008％ Si 0.30％ Mn 0.10％ Cr 23.10％
P 0.035％ S 0.004％ Ni 0.32％ Cu 0.20％
Mo 0.95％ N 0.0110％ Nb+Ti 0.30％
All the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.(Ni and Cu content are low in this example, generally can think the residual element that steel scrap etc. is brought into)
Steel plate embodiment two
The super-purity ferrite stainless steel plate thickness of present embodiment is 0.8mm, wide 1200mm, and its Chemical Composition (weight percent) is:
C 0.007％ Si 0.25％ Mn 0.35％ Cr 20.20％
P 0.025％ S 0.001％ Ni 1.50％ Cu 0.50％
Mo 0.30％ N 0.0095％ Nb+Ti 0.40％
All the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Steel plate embodiment three
The super-purity ferrite stainless steel plate thickness of present embodiment is 1.2mm, wide 1250mm, and its Chemical Composition (weight percent) is:
C 0.010％ Si 0.40％ Mn 0.50％ Cr 19.80％
P 0.018％ S 0.003％ Ni 2.15％ Cu 1.15％
Mo 1.95％ N 0.0075％ Nb+Ti 0.55％
All the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Steel plate embodiment four
The super-purity ferrite stainless steel plate thickness of present embodiment is 1.5mm, wide 1250mm, and its Chemical Composition (weight percent) is:
C 0.015％ Si 0.25％ Mn 0.45％ Cr 18.50％
P 0.028％ S 0.004％ Ni 0.80％ N 0.0105％
Nb+Ti 0.48％ Cu 0.20％
All the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Steel plate embodiment five
The super-purity ferrite stainless steel plate thickness of present embodiment is 1.0mm, wide 1250mm, and its Chemical Composition (weight percent) is:
C 0.011％ Si 0.50％ Mn 0.60％ Cr 19.50％
P 0.015％ S 0.007％ Cu 0.60％ N 0.0095％
All the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities for Nb+Ti 0.45%.
Steel plate embodiment six
The super-purity ferrite stainless steel plate thickness of present embodiment is 1.0mm, wide 1250mm, and its Chemical Composition (weight percent) is:
C 0.013％ Si 0.25％ Mn 0.24％ Cr 18.30％
P 0.030％ S 0.002％ Cu 0.25％
Mo 1.95％ N 0.0075％ Nb+Ti 0.35％
All the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Steel plate embodiment seven
The super-purity ferrite stainless steel plate thickness of present embodiment is 0.7mm, wide 1250mm, and its Chemical Composition (weight percent) is:
C 0.013％ Si 0.25％ Mn 0.18％ Cr 19.50％
P 0.016％ S 0.005％ Ni 0.32％ Cu 0.55％
All the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities for N 0.0081% Nb+Ti 0.35%.
Preparation method embodiment one
What present embodiment prepared is the steel plate of steel plate example one
(1) smelts strand
Smelt with electric furnace → AOD stove or converter → furnaceman's VOD skill or other technology and to be cast into steel billet, the chemical ingredients of steel billet (weight percent) is:
C 0.008％ Si 0.30％ Mn 0.10％ Cr 23.10％
P 0.035％ S 0.004％ Ni 0.32％ Cu 0.20％
Mo 0.95％ N 0.0110％ Nb+Ti 0.30％
All the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.
(2) strand heating
Strand is heated 1186 ℃ of strand temperature in sealed heating furnace; 210 minutes heat-up times.
(3) strand hot rolling
Adopt control finishing temperature technology, the hot continuous rolling final rolling temperature is controlled at 875 ℃, laminar flow cooling after the hot rolling, 725 ℃ of coiling temperatures; Hot rolling adopts continuous annealing process, and annealing temperature is controlled at 990 ℃, TV value 90.
(4) cold rolling, annealing
Carry out cold rolling to the hot rolling after the pickling; Then cold-reduced sheet is annealed 925 ℃ of annealing furnace temperature, TV value 55.
Preparation method's example two
What present embodiment prepared is the steel plate of steel plate example two
(1) smelts strand
Smelt with electric furnace → AOD stove or converter → furnaceman's VOD skill or other technology and to be cast into steel billet, the chemical ingredients of steel billet (weight percent) is:
C 0.007％ Si 0.25％ Mn 0.35％ Cr 20.20％
P 0.025％ S 0.001％ Ni 1.50％ Cu 0.50％
Mo 0.30％ N 0.0095％ Nb+Ti 0.40％
All the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.
(2) the strand heating reaches the identical of (four) cold rolling step method and preparation method embodiment one with the hot rolling of (three) strand.
Preparation method's example three
What present embodiment prepared is the steel plate of steel plate example three.
(1) smelts strand
Smelt with electric furnace → AOD stove or converter → furnaceman's VOD skill or other technology and to be cast into steel billet, the chemical ingredients of steel billet (weight percent) is:
C 0.010％ Si 0.40％ Mn 0.50％ Cr 19.80％
P 0.018％ S 0.003％ Ni 2.15％ Cu 1.15％
Mo 1.95％ N 0.0075％ Nb+Ti 0.55％
All the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.
(2) the strand heating reaches the identical of (four) cold rolling step method and preparation method embodiment one with the hot rolling of (three) strand.
Preparation method's example four
Present embodiment preparation be the steel plate of steel plate example four, be cast into steel billet with electric furnace → AOD stove or converter → furnaceman's VOD skill or the smelting of other technology, smelt steel billet according to the composition of steel plate embodiment four.(2) the strand heating reaches the identical of (four) cold rolling step method and preparation method embodiment one with the hot rolling of (three) strand.
Preparation method's example five
Present embodiment preparation be the steel plate of steel plate example five, be cast into steel billet with electric furnace → AOD stove or converter → furnaceman's VOD skill or the smelting of other technology, smelt steel billet according to the composition of steel plate embodiment five.(2) the strand heating reaches the identical of (four) cold rolling step method and preparation method embodiment one with the hot rolling of (three) strand.
Preparation method's example six
Present embodiment preparation be the steel plate of steel plate example six, be cast into steel billet with electric furnace → AOD stove or converter → furnaceman's VOD skill or the smelting of other technology, smelt steel billet according to the composition of steel plate embodiment six.(2) the strand heating reaches the identical of (four) cold rolling step method and preparation method embodiment one with the hot rolling of (three) strand.
Preparation method's example seven
Present embodiment method preparation be the steel plate of steel plate example seven, be cast into steel billet with electric furnace → AOD stove or converter → furnaceman's VOD skill or the smelting of other technology, smelt steel billet according to the composition of steel plate embodiment seven.(2) the strand heating reaches the identical of (four) cold rolling step method and preparation method embodiment one with the hot rolling of (three) strand.
Seven embodiment of super-purity ferrite stainless steel plate of the present invention, with 304 stainless steel mechanical properties relatively see Table 1.
Table 1
| Material | Surrender R (p 0.2) N/mm 2 | Tension R m N/mm 2 | Elongation % | IE | n | r | Δr | Surface hardness |
| Embodiment one | 350 | 495 | 34 | 10.8 | 0.2 | 1.57 | 0.20 | 150 |
| Embodiment two | 320 | 465 | 40 | 12.1 | 0.22 | 1.68 | 0.35 | 155 |
| Embodiment three | 350 | 471 | 32 | 10.0 | 0.19 | 1.48 | 0.20 | 151 |
| Embodiment four | 325 | 460 | 45 | 11.8 | 0.17 | 1.58 | 0.25 | 153 |
| Embodiment five | 315 | 455 | 50 | 10.9 | 0.18 | 1.55 | 0.20 | 154 |
| Embodiment six | 345 | 470 | 38.5 | 11.7 | 0.21 | 1.47 | 0.30 | 150 |
| Embodiment seven | 340 | 475 | 42 | 11.5 | 0.18 | 1.61 | 0.20 | 151 |
| 304 | 275 | 605 | 61 | 12.9 | 0.22 | 0.98 | 0.15 | 150 |
Relatively see Table 2 with 304 stainless pitting corrosion resistances
Table 2
| Material | Average weightless g/m 2·h |
| Embodiment one | 13.4 |
| Embodiment two | 12.1 |
| Embodiment three | 14.5 |
| Embodiment four | 11.9 |
| Embodiment five | 12.7 |
| Embodiment six | 13.2 |
| Embodiment seven | 12.4 |
| 304 | 11.8 |
Claims (4)
1. ferrite stainless steel, its composition (weight percent) is:
C≤0.03 Si≤1.00 Mn≤1.00 Cr：15～25 P≤0.035
S≤0.03 N≤0.03 0.20≤Cu≤1.5％
Ti+Nb 0.2+4 * (C+N) ∽ 0.75 all the other Fe and inevitable impurity.
2. ferrite stainless steel, its composition (weight percent) is:
C≤0.03 Si≤1.00 Mn≤1.00 Cr：15～25 P≤0.035
S≤0.03 N≤0.03 0.20≤Cu≤1.5 0.20≤Ni≤3.0
0.1≤Mo≤2.0 Ti+Nb 0.2+4×(C+N)∽0.75
All the other Fe and inevitable impurity.
3. the preparation method of a ferrite stainless steel, it comprises following sequential steps:
(1) smelts strand
Adopt molten iron and steel scrap and nickel, Chrome metal powder or low nickel-chromium pig iron, after AOD stove or K-OBM-S converter refining just, pass through the VOD refining treatment again, pour into strand, the composition of strand (weight percent) is:
C≤0.03 Si≤1.00 Mn≤1.00 Cr：15～25 P≤0.035
S≤0.03 N≤0.03 0.20≤Cu≤1.5％
Ti+Nb 0.2+4 * (C+N) ∽ 0.75 all the other Fe and inevitable impurity;
(2) strand heating
Strand is heated in sealed heating furnace, and slab heating temperature is 1180 ℃ ± 30 ℃; Heat-up time 〉=200 minute;
(3) strand hot rolling
Adopt control finishing temperature technology, the hot continuous rolling final rolling temperature is controlled at 850 ℃-900 ℃.Laminar flow cooling after the hot rolling, coiling temperature is controlled at 700 ℃-750 ℃;
Hot rolling adopts continuous annealing process, and annealing temperature is controlled at 980 ± 30 ℃, TV value 60-100;
(4) cold rolling, annealing
Carry out cold rolling to the hot rolling after the pickling; Then cold-reduced sheet is annealed, the annealing furnace temperature is set at 900 ± 30 ℃, TV value 50-80.
4. the preparation method of a ferrite stainless steel, it comprises following sequential steps:
(1) smelts strand
Adopt molten iron and steel scrap and nickel, Chrome metal powder or low nickel-chromium pig iron, after AOD stove or K-OBM-S converter refining just, pass through the VOD refining treatment again, pour into strand, the composition of strand (weight percent) is:
C≤0.03 Si≤1.00 Mn≤1.00 Cr：15～25 P≤0.035
S≤0.03 N≤0.03 0.20≤Cu≤1.5 0.20≤Ni≤3.0
0.1≤Mo≤2.0 Ti+Nb 0.2+4×(C+N)∽0.75
All the other Fe and inevitable impurity;
(2) strand heating
Strand is heated in sealed heating furnace, and slab heating temperature is 1180 ℃ ± 30 ℃; Heat-up time 〉=200 minute;
(3) strand hot rolling
Adopt control finishing temperature technology, the hot continuous rolling final rolling temperature is controlled at 850 ℃-900 ℃.Laminar flow cooling after the hot rolling, coiling temperature is controlled at 700 ℃-750 ℃;
Hot rolling adopts continuous annealing process, and annealing temperature is controlled at 980 ± 30 ℃, TV value 60-100;
(4) cold rolling, annealing
Carry out cold rolling to the hot rolling after the pickling; Then cold-reduced sheet is annealed, the annealing furnace temperature is set at 900 ± 30 ℃, TV value 50-80.
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| CN102312165A (en) * | 2011-07-01 | 2012-01-11 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Stainless steel plate for fuel tank of automobile and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102644022A (en) * | 2012-04-26 | 2012-08-22 | 恩平市新东方五金有限公司 | Manufacturing method for ferritic stainless steel strip containing molybdenum |
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| CN102644022A (en) * | 2012-04-26 | 2012-08-22 | 恩平市新东方五金有限公司 | Manufacturing method for ferritic stainless steel strip containing molybdenum |
| CN102644022B (en) * | 2012-04-26 | 2013-11-27 | 恩平市新东方五金有限公司 | Manufacturing method for ferritic stainless steel strip containing molybdenum |
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| CN109943782A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2019-06-28 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | A kind of processing method of 00Cr17Ni14Mo2 stainless steel valve block |
| CN109943782B (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2021-02-02 | 有研工程技术研究院有限公司 | Method for processing 00Cr17Ni14Mo2 stainless steel valve block |
| CN108950417A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2018-12-07 | 合肥久新不锈钢厨具有限公司 | A kind of processing technology of tap special stainless steel material |
| CN108954992A (en) * | 2018-09-09 | 2018-12-07 | 宁波松鹰汽车部件有限公司 | A kind of expansion valve damping folder and its processing method |
| CN110064892A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2019-07-30 | 浙江金石家居用品有限公司 | A kind of rapidoprint and its processing method of stainless steel tableware |
| CN112647026A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-04-13 | 中北大学 | Method for preparing high-chromium and high-molybdenum ferritic stainless steel |
| CN113186445A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-30 | 中北大学 | Method for controlling inclusion content of stainless steel product |
| CN115341147A (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2022-11-15 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Medium-chromium ferrite stainless steel for elevator panel and preparation method thereof |
| CN115341147B (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2023-09-26 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Medium chromium ferrite stainless steel for elevator panel and preparation method thereof |
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