CN101638750A - Martensitic stainless steel for cutting tool and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Martensitic stainless steel for cutting tool and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to martensitic stainless steel for a cutting tool and a manufacturing method thereof. The martensitic stainless steel comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.20 to 0.25 percent of C, less than or equal to 1.00 percent of Si, less than or equal to 1.50 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.035 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.030 percent of S, 12.5 to14.5 percent of Cr, 0.07 to 0.12 percent of N, and the balance of Fe and other impurity elements, wherein 100C+25N is more than or equal to 22. The manufacturing method comprises the following steps:smelting the components by using an induction furnace or an electric arc furnace by an AOD or VOD refining process, and performing moulded casting or continuous casting to obtain a casting blank; andperforming hot rolling and then heat treatment, wherein the heating temperature for annealing is between 780 and 900 DEG C and is reduced slowly to below 250 DEG C after heat preservation, and the heating temperature for normalizing is between 950 and 1,200 DEG C and is reduced to room temperature in the air after the heat preservation. The martensitic stainless steel has excellent processabilityafter the annealing, and has the hardness of more than or equal to HRC53 and excellent corrosion resistance after the normalizing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ferrous materials and manufacture method thereof, particularly a kind of martensitic stainless steel for cutting tool and manufacture method thereof.
Background technology
No matter be that cutter all is the indispensable instruments of people on life or the industrial production.In most cases, cutter will contact river, tap water, rainwater or similarly low corrosive medium, and therefore, cutter should have certain corrosion resistance nature with steel; Cutter will have stronger cutting power and wear-resistant ability on the other hand, so cutter also should have higher hardness with steel.For the use properties that improves cutter, the work-ing life that prolongs cutter, the Martensite Stainless Steel that people often select to have higher hardness is made cutter.In addition, it is high consumptive materials that some cutters are also arranged, and it is very high to upgrade the frequency of using, and this just requires cutter good, cheap with steel valency energy.
Be used at present to make cutter maximum be Cr13 type Martensite Stainless Steel, as 2Cr13,3Cr13 etc., its composition sees Table 1, and these steel grades have higher hardness, can reach HRC48～52 as the hardness of 2Cr13, the hardness of 3Cr13 can reach 〉=HRC53, but because C content is higher, these steel grade corrosion resistance natures are lower, particularly corrosion just takes place in 3Cr13 steel easily in the aqueous solution, can only be applicable to atmospheric environment.
In order to seek to have the Martensite Stainless Steel of good corrosion resistance and high rigidity, people have carried out a series of research and have formed some patent documentations, in these Martensite Stainless Steels of applying for a patent composition the most close with steel of the present invention as, Chinese patent publication number CN200510080786.3 proposes a kind of Martensite Stainless Steel in the table 1, its main chemical compositions (weight %) is: C:0.15～0.21, Si:0.05～1.00, Mn:0.3～1.0, Cr:10.5～14.0, Ti:0～0.050, V:0～0.50, N :≤0.1, this steel has stressed good toughness in particular, but its hardness does not reach HRC53; Japanese patent application publication No. JP2003041348A has proposed a kind of Martensite Stainless Steel, its main chemical compositions (weight %) is: C:0.17～0.22, Si≤2.0, Mn≤2.0, Cr:14.0～15.0, Mo:0.70～1.30, N:0.10～0.15, because contain higher Cr in the steel, and contain certain Mo, material has good solidity to corrosion and higher hardness, but therefore the cost of material has also improved; Japanese Patent No. JP5287456 has proposed a kind of Martensite Stainless Steel, its main chemical compositions (weight %) is: C:0.134～0.20, Si≤0.5, Mn≤2.0, Ni:1.0～5.0, Cr:12.0～16.0, Mo:1.3～3.5, N:0.06～0.13, material is except solidity to corrosion preferably, higher hardness, also has good toughness, but added Ni in the steel, the cost of steel is higher equally; China Patent No. CN1145644A has also proposed a kind of Martensite Stainless Steel, its main chemical compositions (weight %) is: C:0.15～0.40, Cr:11.0～15.0, Mo:1.00-3.00, Ni:0.10～1.50, Cu:0.1～2.0, N:0.02～0.15, this steel also has higher hardness and excellent corrosion resisting performance, in manufacturing fields such as mould manufacturing, application is arranged, but make for universal cutter, contain precious metals such as Ni, Mo, Cu in these steel, the cost of product is higher.In order to reduce production costs, Chinese patent publication number CN1624182A has proposed following chemical ingredients (weight %) design: C:0.12～0.17, Si≤1.0, Mn≤2.0, Cr:12.5～14.5, N:0.06～0.10, C+N:0.210～0.265, this steel has good salt fog resistance, can guarantee that hardness reaches between HRC48～52, but, but be difficult to realize as hardness 〉=HRC53 for higher hardness requirement.
From the introduction of above-mentioned prior art as can be seen, martensitic stainless steel for cutting tool exists and is difficult to reach simultaneously high rigidity, high anti-corrosion and cheap purpose at present, is difficult to the fine requirement that cutter is produced of satisfying.The chemical ingredients of steel of the present invention sees Table 1, does not add precious metals such as Ni, Mo, Cu, and other element kinds are close with 2Cr13,3Cr13, just wherein contains cheap N element, so cost changes not quite.Because the effect of C, N element in the steel, the hardness after the normalizing of invention steel can reach 〉=HRC53.Because contain Cr, the N of more amount in the steel, the invention steel has good solidity to corrosion.
Chemical ingredients comparison/the wt% of the relevant invention steel patent of table 1
| Patent publication No. | ??C | ??Si | ??Mn | ??Cr | ??Mo | ??Ni | ??N | ??P | ??S | Other |
| ??CN200 ??510080 ??786.3 | ??0.15～ ??0.21 | ??0.05 ??～1.00 | ??0.3～ ??1.0 | ??10.5 ??～14.0 | ??- | ??- | ??≤0.10 | ??≤ ??0.050 | ??≤0.01 ??0 | ??Ti≤0. ??05 ??V≤0.5 |
| ??JP2003 ??041348 | ??0.17～ ??0.22 | ??≤2.0 | ??≤2.0 | ??14.0 ??～15.0 | ??0.70 ??～1.30 | ??≤0.06 | ??0.10～ ??0.15 | ??- | ??- | ??O≤0.0 ??1 |
| ??JP5287 ??456A | ??0.134 ??～0.20 | ??≤0.5 | ??≤2.0 | ??12.0 ??～16.0 | ??1.3 ??～3.5 | ??1.0 ??～5.0 | ??0.06～ ??0.13 | ??- | ??- | ??Al：0. ??005～ ??0.1 |
| ??CN114 ??5644A | ??0.15～ ??0.40 | ??≤2.0 | ??≤2.0 | ??11.0 ??～15.0 | ??1.00 ??～3.00 | ??0.10 ??～1.50 | ??0.02～ ??0.15 | ??- | ??- | ??Cu：0. ??1～2.0 |
| ??CN162 ??4182A | ??0.12～ ??0.17 | ??≤1.0 | ??≤2.0 | ??12.5 ??～14.5 | - | - | ??0.06～ ??0.10 | ??≤ ??0.045 | ??≤ ??0.010 | ??C+N ??0.010 ??～0.26 |
| ??2Cr13 | ??0.16～ ??0.25 | ??≤1.0 | ??≤1.0 | ??12.0 ??～14.0 | - | - | ??- | ??≤ ??0.035 | ??≤ ??0.030 | ??- |
| ??3Cr13 | ??0.26～ ??0.35 | ??≤1.0 | ??≤1.0 | ??12.0 ??～14.0 | - | - | ??- | ??≤ ??0.035 | ??≤ ??0.030 | ??- |
| The present invention | ??0.20～ ??0.25 | ??≤1.0 | ??≤1.5 | ??12.5 ??～14.5 | - | - | ??0.07～ ??0.12 | ??≤ ??0.035 | ??≤ ??0.030 | ??100C ??+25N ??≥22 |
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of martensitic stainless steel for cutting tool and manufacture method thereof, this Martensite Stainless Steel has good processing properties after annealing, has after the normalizing 〉=hardness of HRC53 and good solidity to corrosion.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of martensitic stainless steel for cutting tool, its composition quality per-cent is: C:0.20～0.25, Si≤1.00, Mn≤1.50, P≤0.035, S≤0.030, Cr:12.5～14.5, N:0.07～0.12, surplus are Fe and other impurity elements; Wherein, 100C+25N 〉=22.
Preferably, the content of described Cr (mass percent) is 13.00～14.00.
C: the hardenability and the intensity that improve steel.C content is crossed to hang down and can be caused the hardness of steel not reach service requirements; The C too high levels can reduce the corrosion resistance nature of steel.The scope dictates of C content is 0.20～0.25, simultaneously rational coupling must be arranged with the content of N.
Si: a kind of impurity element that exists in the steel.When Si content is low, the mechanical property of steel there is not big influence, when surpassing 1.00, Si content can damage toughness.
Mn: can improve the hardening capacity of steel to a certain extent, increase the intensity of steel, and with the fixing S in the steel of the form of MnS.But too much Mn can reduce the toughness of steel, and the interpolation scope of regulation Mn is≤1.50.
P: the impurity element in the steel.Consider that the low P amount of too much requirement can increase production cost, its upper limit is defined as≤and 0.035.
S: the impurity element in the steel, unfavorable to improving solidity to corrosion, content is few more good more.Consider that the low S amount of too much requirement can increase production cost, its upper limit is defined as≤and 0.030.
Cr: the corrosion resistance nature that improves steel.Along with the raising of Cr content in the steel, the solidity to corrosion of steel improves, and the solidity to corrosion of steel improves not obvious when Cr content is lower than 12.50; When the Cr in the steel surpasses 14.5, be difficult to eliminate the delta ferrite phase in the steel, excessively add Cr simultaneously and can increase production cost.Therefore, the zone of reasonableness 12.50～14.50 of Cr content, for the solidity to corrosion that improves steel, reduce cost, more preferably 13.00～14.00.
N: improve the hardenability and the intensity of steel, also very effective aspect the anti-spot corrosion of raising.N has the effect that delta ferrite produces that suppresses in addition.When the content of N in Martensite Stainless Steel is lower than 0.07, act on and can not give full play to, if but the add-on of N surpasses at 0.12 o'clock, easily separates out during cast, and the decline of the workability of steel, the scope of N is defined as 0.07～0.12.
100C+25N 〉=22: hardness reaches 〉=HRC53 after the normalizing of assurance steel.
In order to reduce the cost of steel, do not add Mo, Cu, Ni etc. in the steel and help improving the corrosion proof element of steel.
The manufacture method of martensitic stainless steel for cutting tool of the present invention, may further comprise the steps: press mentioned component with induction furnace melting or arc melting+AOD (argon oxygen decarburizationfuranace, argon oxygen decarburizing process) or VOD (vacuum oxygen decarburization, vacuum oxygen decarburization process) refinery practice becomes strand through die casting or continuous casting; Again through hot rolling, thermal treatment then, wherein, annealing: Heating temperature is 780～900 ℃, below the insulation back slow cooling to 250 ℃; Normalizing: Heating temperature is 950～1200 ℃, and the insulation back is cooled to room temperature in air.
Described Martensite Stainless Steel is organized as ferrite+small and dispersed carbide after annealing.
Described Martensite Stainless Steel has following mechanical property: σ after annealing
b〉=520MPa, σ
0.2〉=225MPa, δ
5〉=18%, HV value≤234.Annealing back material yield, tensile strength is lower, hardness is not high, has good unit elongation simultaneously, is easy to the processing of cutting, be shaped when cutter is made.
Described Martensite Stainless Steel is organized as martensite after normalizing; Described Martensite Stainless Steel has following performance: hardness 〉=HRC53 after normalizing, have good salt fog resistance.
Steel of the present invention does not increase special operation, does not increase the difficulty of producing in manufacturing process, production cost is lower.
The present invention compared with prior art has following beneficial effect:
1. in the composition design of the present invention, on the basis of 3Cr13, reduced the content of C, the solidity to corrosion of steel is obviously improved;
2. improved the content of Cr in the composition design of the present invention, the solidity to corrosion of steel is improved;
3. made full use of the effect that C, N can improve the hardenability of steel in the composition of the present invention design, make the quenching of steel after hardness reach 〉=HRC53;
4. utilized N can improve the anti-spot corrosion effect of steel in the composition design of the present invention, made Martensite Stainless Steel have higher hardness and solidity to corrosion simultaneously;
5. the present invention does not add precious metal elements such as Mo, Cu, Ni, and production process does not adopt special measure, do not increase the production difficulty, and the cost of steel is lower.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the typical annealed structure metallograph of a Martensite Stainless Steel of the present invention synoptic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the typical normalized structure metallograph of a Martensite Stainless Steel of the present invention synoptic diagram;
Fig. 3 be the embodiment of the invention 1 salt spray corrosion test as a result the photo synoptic diagram (50 ± 5g/LNaCl, 35 ℃, 48h);
Fig. 4 be the embodiment of the invention 2 salt spray corrosion tests as a result the photo synoptic diagram (50 ± 5g/LNaCl, 35 ℃, 48h);
Fig. 5 for Comparative Examples 3 salt spray corrosion tests of the present invention as a result the photo synoptic diagram (50 ± 5g/LNaCl, 35 ℃, 48h);
Fig. 6 for Comparative Examples 4 salt spray corrosion tests of the present invention as a result the photo synoptic diagram (50 ± 5g/LNaCl, 35 ℃, 48h).
Embodiment
Obtain composition Martensite Stainless Steel as shown in table 2 with vacuum induction furnace smelting, through die casting, be rolled into sheet material, after 3.5 hours, cool to the furnace below 250 ℃ and come out of the stove 820 ℃ of annealing.The typical anneal tissue of embodiment is seen Fig. 1, and it is organized as the carbide of ferrite+small and dispersed.
The chemical ingredients of table 2 steel of the present invention and compared steel
Stretching after the embodiment annealing the results are shown in Table 3, can be seen by table 3, and the embodiment Martensite Stainless Steel has following mechanical property: σ after annealing
b〉=520MPa, σ
0.2〉=225MPa, δ 5 〉=18%, HV value≤234, lower intensity, hardness and higher unit elongation help cutting, the shaping processing of material.
Tensile property after the table 3 steel annealing of the present invention
| ??Rp0.2/MPa | ??Rm/MPa | ??A50/％ | ??HV | |
| Embodiment 1 | ??265 | ??535 | ??35.5 | ??178 |
| Embodiment 2 | ??280 | ??580 | ??33.5 | ??185 |
| Embodiment 3 | ??275 | ??560 | ??32.5 | ??180 |
| Embodiment 4 | ??270 | ??565 | ??33.0 | ??174 |
| Embodiment 5 | ??280 | ??590 | ??31.0 | ??185 |
| Embodiment 6 | ??255 | ??540 | ??36.5 | ??157 |
Embodiment in the table 2 and Comparative Examples steel are heated to 900,950,1000,1050,1100,1150,1200 ℃ respectively do normalizing thermal treatment, its hardness sees Table 4.
100C+25N 〉=22 in embodiment 1～6 as can be seen from Table 2, and in the Comparative Examples 1～2,100C+25N＜22.Item can see that from table 4 in implementing temperature range, the normalizing hardness of embodiment 1～6 reaches 〉=HRC53, and the hardness of Comparative Examples 1～2 after normalizing does not reach 〉=requirement of HRC53.
Can also see by table 4, during embodiment steel normalizing temperature＜1050 ℃, its hardness do not reach 〉=requirement of HRC53; The embodiment steel is in 1050～1200 ℃ of temperature ranges during normalizing, and its hardness can reach 〉=requirement of HRC53.Therefore the reasonable normalizing temperature of invention steel is 1050～1200 ℃.
The typical gold phase constitution of embodiment in implementing normalizing temperature as shown in Figure 2, it is organized as martensite.
HRC hardness value after the thermal treatment of table 4 test steel
The solidity to corrosion of cutter product generally characterizes by salt-fog test.Fig. 3～6 are respectively embodiment 1 in the table 2, embodiment 2, Comparative Examples 3, the Comparative Examples 4 salt spray corrosion test results after 1050 ℃ of normalizings.In general, the salt spray corrosion resistance of steel descends along with the increase of C content.The C content of embodiment 1 is 0.21%, and after 48h salt air corrosion, tangible rust staining is can't see on the surface.The C content of embodiment 2 is 0.25%, and is higher relatively, begins to occur slight rusty stain on its surface.The C content of Comparative Examples 3 is 0.26%, and there has been more corrosion point in its surface, is difficult to reach the requirement that cutter is produced.Therefore, steel of the present invention requires C content≤0.25%.Comparative Examples 4 is typical 3Cr13 steel, because C content is higher, behind salt spray corrosion test, material surface has rusty stains.Compare with the 3Cr13 steel, invention steel salt spray corrosion resistance is with the obvious advantage.
Claims (3)
1. Martensite Stainless Steel, its composition quality per-cent is: C:0.20～0.25, Si≤1.00, Mn≤1.50, P≤0.035, S≤0.030, Cr:12.5～14.5, N:0.07～0.12, surplus are Fe and other impurity elements; Wherein, 100C+25N 〉=22.
2. Martensite Stainless Steel as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that Cr content is preferably 13.00～14.00, by mass percentage.
3. the manufacture method of Martensite Stainless Steel as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it presses mentioned component with induction furnace melting or arc melting+AOD or VOD refinery practice, becomes strand through die casting or continuous casting; Again through hot rolling, thermal treatment then, wherein, annealing: Heating temperature is 780～900 ℃, below the insulation back slow cooling to 250 ℃; Normalizing: Heating temperature is 950～1200 ℃, and the insulation back is cooled to room temperature in air.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102181777A (en) * | 2011-04-19 | 2011-09-14 | 胡锦耀 | Stainless steel 431 smelting method |
| CN105821330A (en) * | 2016-05-09 | 2016-08-03 | 山东泰山钢铁集团有限公司 | Martensite stainless steel and smelting process |
| CN107849669A (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2018-03-27 | 山特维克知识产权股份有限公司 | Drill tool assembly |
| CN112226667A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-15 | 攀钢集团江油长城特殊钢有限公司 | Preparation method of chromium stainless pre-hard plastic die steel |
| CN113956741A (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2022-01-21 | 杭州巨星科技股份有限公司 | High corrosion resistance cutter for building |
| CN114438416A (en) * | 2022-01-30 | 2022-05-06 | 四川六合特种金属材料股份有限公司 | Cr-Mo-V-N alloy material for bottle blank mold and preparation method thereof |
-
2008
- 2008-07-28 CN CN200810041084A patent/CN101638750A/en active Pending
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102181777A (en) * | 2011-04-19 | 2011-09-14 | 胡锦耀 | Stainless steel 431 smelting method |
| CN102181777B (en) * | 2011-04-19 | 2012-12-05 | 胡锦耀 | Stainless steel 431 smelting method |
| CN107849669A (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2018-03-27 | 山特维克知识产权股份有限公司 | Drill tool assembly |
| CN105821330A (en) * | 2016-05-09 | 2016-08-03 | 山东泰山钢铁集团有限公司 | Martensite stainless steel and smelting process |
| CN112226667A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-15 | 攀钢集团江油长城特殊钢有限公司 | Preparation method of chromium stainless pre-hard plastic die steel |
| CN112226667B (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2022-02-01 | 攀钢集团江油长城特殊钢有限公司 | Preparation method of chromium stainless pre-hard plastic die steel |
| CN113956741A (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2022-01-21 | 杭州巨星科技股份有限公司 | High corrosion resistance cutter for building |
| CN113956741B (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2023-02-21 | 杭州巨星科技股份有限公司 | High corrosion resistance cutter for building |
| CN114438416A (en) * | 2022-01-30 | 2022-05-06 | 四川六合特种金属材料股份有限公司 | Cr-Mo-V-N alloy material for bottle blank mold and preparation method thereof |
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Open date: 20100203 |