CN105277513A - Surface plasmon resonance refraction index sensor based on optical fiber micro-rings - Google Patents
Surface plasmon resonance refraction index sensor based on optical fiber micro-rings Download PDFInfo
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- CN105277513A CN105277513A CN201510744831.4A CN201510744831A CN105277513A CN 105277513 A CN105277513 A CN 105277513A CN 201510744831 A CN201510744831 A CN 201510744831A CN 105277513 A CN105277513 A CN 105277513A
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Abstract
The invention provides a surface plasmon resonance refraction index sensor based on optical fiber micro-rings. The surface resonance refraction index sensor is characterized by comprising a broadband light source, an optical isolator, a polarization controller, a three-port circulator, a sensing area and a spectrometer. The sensing area is formed by making air rings in claddings of thin-cored optical fibers and coating gold films on the outer side walls of the air rings, and in addition, the end faces of the optical fibers are plated with a layer of gold films to form the reflective sensor. The sensing area comprises fiber cores, residual claddings close to the fiber cores, an air layer, a metal layer and an outer cladding sequentially from inside to outside. Due to the fact that the surface plasmon resonance effect caused by the metal film surface is very easily affected by the surrounding medium environment, the air rings are injected with substances of different refraction indexes, and measurement of the refraction indexes of the substances can be achieved by monitoring position change of resonance peaks. The surface resonance refraction index sensor is practical, strong in anti-interference capability and high in sensitivity. Furthermore, the reflective sensor enables the resonance effect to be enhanced double and facilitates monitoring.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of optical fiber sensing, particularly based on surface plasma body resonant vibration (SurfacePlasmonResonance, the SPR) index sensor of the micro-ring of optical fiber.
Background technology
Surface plasma body resonant vibration (SurfacePlasmonResonance is called for short SPR) is a kind of optical physics phenomenon.When the P type polarization polychromatic light that light source sends enters optically thinner medium generation total reflection with a certain incident angle by optically denser medium, have a small part incident light and penetrate into golden film certain depth and exponentially decay, this part light is called evanescent wave.Evanescent wave excites the free electron be confined on metal surface, the interface of metallic film and surrounding medium forms a kind of electromagnetic wave of decaying along Z-direction, is called surface plasma wave (Surfaceplasmawave, SPW).When the wave vector of component and surface plasma wave that evanescent wave is parallel to metal/dielectric interface is mated completely, strong coupling can be there is in two kinds of mode of electromagnetic waves, produce SPR effect, the energy of portion of incident light will be absorbed by SPW, thus cause the minimizing rapidly of this wavelength region luminous energy, produce SPR resonance peak.
Nineteen sixty-eight, propose the surface plasma body resonant vibration model based on light prism first, observed SPR effect.The method of attenuated total reflection (AttenuatedTotalReflection is called for short ATR) was adopted to achieve exciting of the surface plasma of optical frequency wave band in an experiment afterwards.1993, the people such as Jorgenson successfully developed optical fiber SPR sensor, were that the spr sensor of carrier obtains concern with optical fiber.Compared to glass prism SPR sensor, it have highly sensitive, integration good, volume is little, anti-electromagnetic interference capability is strong, it is long apart from plurality of advantages such as online real-time monitored to be easy to realize, detect at food security monitoring, chemical molecular, the association area such as Pharmaceutical Analysis and environmental monitoring have broad application prospects.
Usually based on the surface plasma resonance sensor of optical fiber; that the covering of optical fiber is eroded; plate layer of metal film outward at fiber core, or fibre-optical drawing is become very thin cone then at the outside plated film of cone, realize evanescent wave in optical fiber and metal film and interact and produce SPR and resonate.This based on corrosion and the sensor drawing cone technology, easily broken in actual measurement uses, cause the wasting of resources; In addition, the spr sensor major part up to the present proposed is all transmission-type.The surface plasma resonance refractive index sensor based on the micro-ring of optical fiber that the present invention proposes, produce air ring in careful fibre cladding, then one deck gold film is plated at air ring lateral wall, in addition, plate one deck gold film at sensing head end face and form reflection sensor, only sensing head need be inserted test substance, treat test sample material can automatic filling in the air ring of covering, carry out the sensing measurement of liquid, gas material, be convenient to realize Real-Time Monitoring, and sensing head is without cone district, durable.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the surface plasma resonance refractive index sensor based on the micro-ring of optical fiber.The variable quantity of material refractive index can be converted into the change of resonant wavelength by this device.Have structure simple, be easy to operation, the feature such as highly sensitive, practical.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes for technical solution problem:
Based on the surface plasma resonance refractive index sensor of the micro-ring of optical fiber, comprise wideband light source, optoisolator, Polarization Controller, 3 port circulators, sensing unit, spectrometer, it is characterized in that: the output terminal of wideband light source is connected with optoisolator, the output terminal of optoisolator is connected with Polarization Controller, the output terminal of Polarization Controller is connected with one end of 3 port circulators, and the another two ends of 3 port circulators are connected with spectrometer with sensing unit respectively; Described sensing unit produces air ring in the covering of careful optical fiber, plates one deck gold film at air ring lateral wall, in addition, plates one deck gold film form reflection sensor at fiber end face; Sensing unit is residue covering, air layer, metal level, the surrounding layer of fibre core, close fibre core from inside to outside successively, the radius of fibre core is 3.5 ~ 4.0um, the residue cladding thickness of close fibre core is between 10nm ~ 150nm, the thickness of air ring is between 10nm ~ 50nm, gold film thickness is between 30nm ~ 70nm, and the root mean square of surfaceness is less than or equal to 5nm; P polarized light is produced by wideband light source, optoisolator and Polarization Controller structure.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
The surface plasma resonance refractive index sensor based on the micro-ring of optical fiber that the present invention proposes, produce air ring in careful fibre cladding, then plate one deck gold film at air ring lateral wall, in addition, plate one deck gold film at fiber end face and form reflection sensor.The design of this special construction can effectively excite SPR effect, only sensing head need be inserted test substance, treat test sample material can automatic filling in the air ring of covering, the change of material refractive index can cause the change of air ring refractive index, SPR spectrum is changed, owing to being reflection sensor, light passes twice through the interface of golden film and material, make the double enhancing of SPR effect, changed by the position detecting a wavelength range internal resonance wavelength, the measurement of refractive index can be realized; In addition, the structure of this sensor is without cone district, and sensing head is durable.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the surface plasma resonance refractive index sensor structural representation based on the micro-ring of optical fiber of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the cross sectional representation of the sensing unit of the surface plasma resonance refractive index sensor based on the micro-ring of optical fiber of the present invention.
SPR spectrogram when Fig. 3 is measurement different refractivity material of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
As shown in Figure 1, based on the index sensor of the surface plasma body resonant vibration of the micro-ring of optical fiber, comprising: by wideband light source (1), optoisolator (2), Polarization Controller (3), 3 port circulators (4), sensing unit (5), spectrometer (6); The output terminal of wideband light source (1) is connected with optoisolator (2), the output terminal of optoisolator (2) is connected with Polarization Controller (3), the output terminal of Polarization Controller (3) is connected with the A port of 3 port circulators (4), and B, C port of 3 port circulators (4) is connected with spectrometer (6) with sensing unit (5) respectively; Described sensing unit (5) produces air ring in careful fibre cladding, then plates one deck gold film at air ring lateral wall, in addition, plates one deck gold film (f) form reflection sensor at fiber end face; Sensing unit (5) is residue covering (b), air layer (c), metal level (d), the surrounding layer (e) of fibre core (a), close fibre core from inside to outside successively, the radius of fibre core is 3.5 ~ 4.0um, the residue cladding thickness of close fibre core is between 10nm ~ 150nm, the thickness of air ring is between 10nm ~ 50nm, gold film thickness is between 30nm ~ 70nm, and the root mean square of surfaceness is less than or equal to 5nm; P polarized light is produced by LASER Light Source (1), optoisolator (2) and Polarization Controller (3) structure.
Working method of the present invention is: wideband light source (1) produces flashlight, optoisolator (2) is input to by single-mode transmission optical fiber, the light signal that optoisolator (2) exports controls output by Polarization Controller (3) and becomes P polarized light, P polarized light is inputted by the A port of 3 port photocirculators (4), B port outputs to sensing unit (5), sensing unit (5) is due to the reduction of extramural cladding thickness, core mode portion of energy is coupled in air ring with the form of evanescent wave to be transmitted, SPR effect is there is in the evanescent wave in air ring and metal surface plasma bulk wave at the gold-plated membrane interface place of ring lateral wall, light reflects when propagating into gold-plated film (f) place of end face institute, when again passing through golden membrane interface, SPR effect doubles.The sensing unit (5) be made up of with extramural cladding (e) fibre core (a), residue covering (b) near fibre core, air layer (c), metal level (d) is very responsive to the change of refractive index in air layer, along with the material of different refractivity passes into air ring, the resonance wavelength producing SPR effect changes and is exported by spectrometer (6), by detecting the drift value of resonant wavelength, the measurement of highly sensitive material refractive index can be realized.
The gordian technique that this device can realize the refractometry of the surface plasma resonance sensor based on the micro-ring of optical fiber has:
Fibre Optical Sensor plot structure: produce air ring in the covering of careful optical fibre optical fibre, plating the sensing unit structure that forms of one deck gold film at air ring lateral wall is the basis realizing refractive index sensing.The each parameter of sensor: fiber core radius is 3.5 ~ 4.0um; The thickness of fibre core residue covering should control between 50nm ~ 200nm; The thickness of air ring should control between 10nm ~ 50nm; The thickness of gold film should strictly between control 30nm ~ 70nm, and the root mean square of the roughness on golden film surface should be less than or equal to 5nm.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, use finite element analysis software method to carry out theoretical values research to the sensing characteristics of this sensor, have studied each structure parameter of optical fiber to the affecting laws of sensor characteristic.Be within the scope of 400 ~ 1400nm at measurement wavelength, each parameter: fiber core radius is 3.5um, near fibre core residue covering 50nm, air ring thickness 50nm, golden film thickness 50nm, obtain the curve of SPR resonant wavelength with test substance variations in refractive index as Fig. 3.When can find out that refractive index is 1.0, be near 800nm, there occurs SPR resonance at wavelength, and along with the increase of test substance refractive index, resonant wavelength move to shortwave direction.Near refractive index 1.0, the sensitivity of sensor can reach 2000nm/RIU.
Shown in the above and figure is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention.Those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not departing from principle of the present invention, can also make some modification and improvement, and these also should be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1., based on the surface plasma resonance refractive index sensor of the micro-ring of optical fiber, comprise wideband light source, optoisolator, Polarization Controller, 3 port circulators, sensing unit, spectrometer, it is characterized in that:
The output terminal of wideband light source is connected with optoisolator, and the output terminal of optoisolator is connected with Polarization Controller, and the output terminal of Polarization Controller is connected with one end of 3 port circulators, and the another two ends of 3 port circulators are connected with spectrometer with sensing unit respectively; Described sensing unit produces air ring in the covering of careful optical fiber, plates one deck gold film at air ring lateral wall, in addition, plates one deck gold film form reflection sensor at fiber end face; Sensing unit is residue covering, air layer, metal level, the surrounding layer of fibre core, close fibre core from inside to outside successively, the radius of fibre core is 3.5 ~ 4.0um, the residue cladding thickness of close fibre core is between 10nm ~ 150nm, the thickness of air ring is between 10nm ~ 50nm, gold film thickness is between 30nm ~ 70nm, and the root mean square of surfaceness is less than or equal to 5nm; P polarized light is produced by wideband light source, optoisolator and Polarization Controller structure.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105759345A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-07-13 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | SPP optical fiber based on gold nanotubes and preparation method |
| CN105973841A (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-09-28 | 北京邮电大学 | Refractive index sensor based on integrated structure of two-dimensional column array photonic crystal and single-mode optical fiber |
| CN107238582A (en) * | 2017-05-02 | 2017-10-10 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of material refractive index remote measuring unit and its measuring method |
| CN109142781A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2019-01-04 | 辽宁省计量科学研究院 | A kind of wind speed measuring device and method based on surface plasma body resonant vibration |
| CN114965379A (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-08-30 | 桂林电子科技大学 | SPR-based automatic indoor environment monitoring and regulating system |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105759345A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-07-13 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | SPP optical fiber based on gold nanotubes and preparation method |
| CN105973841A (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-09-28 | 北京邮电大学 | Refractive index sensor based on integrated structure of two-dimensional column array photonic crystal and single-mode optical fiber |
| CN105973841B (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2019-01-18 | 北京邮电大学 | The index sensor of two-dimensional columns array photonic crystal and single mode optical fiber integrated morphology |
| CN107238582A (en) * | 2017-05-02 | 2017-10-10 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of material refractive index remote measuring unit and its measuring method |
| CN109142781A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2019-01-04 | 辽宁省计量科学研究院 | A kind of wind speed measuring device and method based on surface plasma body resonant vibration |
| CN114965379A (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-08-30 | 桂林电子科技大学 | SPR-based automatic indoor environment monitoring and regulating system |
| CN114965379B (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2024-05-03 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Indoor environment automatic monitoring and regulating system based on SPR |
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