CN105272636A - Foliage resistance and control agent for lowering lead pollution to crops and using method - Google Patents
Foliage resistance and control agent for lowering lead pollution to crops and using method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a foliage resistance and control agent for lowering lead pollution to crops and a using method. The foliage resistance and control agent is prepared from tea saponin, saponin, citric acid, humic acid, amino acid, fulvic acid and the like. As the resistance and control agent is sprayed to foliages, after effective ingredients of the resistance and control agent are absorbed by the foliages, heavy metal lead can be effectively prevented from being conveyed to edible portions of the crops, and the lead content in agricultural products is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural product quality and safety field, particularly relate to the resistance control agent of a kind of blade face for reducing crop heavy metal Lead contamination and using method.
Background technology
Lead in soil has natural source and artificial source.Plumbous solubleness in soil is little, and not easily move, the residence time is long, is a kind of nondegradable environmental pollutant, and its harm has latent and chronicity.Leaded soil not only affects soil microorganisms, enzymic activity and physico-chemical property, and meeting secondary pollution surface water, and healthy by food chain harm humans.Research shows to there is direct relation between human body Pb-B and Content of Pb in Soil, plumbous presents multiple organ, diversity to the damage of function of human body, is central nervous system poisonous substance, to the intelligence of children and the harm of health even more serious.The area of China's lead pollution of soil is large, and blood lead event took place frequently in recent years, and it is very important problem that lead pollution of soil is administered.At present, the recovery technique of Lead contamination mainly can be divided into engineering, physical chemistry and plant 3 kinds of recovery techniques.
1, engineering repairing method: engineering repairing method mainly contains soil moved in improve the original method, soil replacement method and the methods such as method of digging.Soil moved in improve the original method is in contaminated soil, add a large amount of clean soils, covers top layer or mixing, and land pollutant concentration is reduced; Soil replacement method is taken contaminated soil away exactly, changes to new clean soil; The method of digging adopts the mode of deep ploughing to make the pollutent of sniping on top layer be distributed to deep layer, reaches dilution and the object from process.Wherein, soil moved in improve the original method and soil replacement method are mainly used in the soil of serious pollution, and the method for digging is mainly used in the soil of slight pollution.Engineering measure ruling by law reason heavy-metal contaminated soil has thorough, stable feature, but its quantities is large, investment cost is high, destroy soil structures, cause soil fertility to decline.
2, physical chemistry repairing method: physical chemistry repairing method mainly contains soil washing, Vitrification and electrochemical process etc.Soil washing utilizes eluent drip washing contaminated soil, makes the heavy metal in solid phase of soil transfer in liquid phase, reduces the toxicity of pollutent; Vitrification uses electrically heated at the scene, melted by contaminated soil, forms stiff glass body technique that is chemically inert, non-diffusing after cooling; Electrochemical process is that the electrokinetic effects utilizing extra electric field to produce drive pollutent in soil along direction of an electric field directional migration, and the pollutent of enrichment can be focused in electrode district and be separated.But the weak point that this method exists: rehabilitation cost is high, energy consumption exists secondary pollution greatly, even.
3, phytoremediation: phytoremediation Master utilizes certain kind of plant of plantation to purify soil and water by Lead contamination.Phytoremediation can be divided into plant extraction by its mechanism of repairing and process, plant is fixed, phytovolatilization, root system filter, plant degradation.Wherein, plant extraction refers to and utilizes root system of plant absorb soil pollutant and be transported to aboveground vegetation part, is reached a kind of method removing pollutant in soil by harvesting over-ground part material.Weak point is: the cycle of administering is long, and later stage plant mobile phone, complex treatment process, the maintenance management cycle is long.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, avoid the process to Pb in Soil, control farm crop to the absorption of lead, reduce content plumbous in agricultural-food edible position.The invention provides a kind of draw materials natural, raw material extensively, prepare the resistance control agent of simple, easy for operation, that efficiency is high, regulation effect the is good blade face for reducing farm crop Lead contamination and using method.
Blade face for reducing farm crop Lead contamination of the present invention resistance control agent comprises:
5-45 weight part, preferred 8-40 weight part, more preferably 15-38 weight part tea saponin;
The acid of 1-10 parts by weight of lemon, preferred 2-8 parts by weight of lemon acid, more preferably 4-6 parts by weight of lemon acid;
2-15 weight part, preferred 5-10 weight part, more preferably 5-8 weight part Saponin/TSM;
4-30 weight part, preferred 10-25 weight part, more preferably 15-25 humic acids, preferred fulvo acid;
1-15 weight part, preferred 2-12 weight part, more preferably 5-10 weight part xanthohumic acid;
2-20 weight part, preferred 3-15 weight part, more preferably 5-10 weight part amino acid.
Preferably, blade face of the present invention resistance control agent comprises further: 0.5-10 weight part, preferred 0.5-1 weight part alkyl polyglycoside and/or 0.5-10 weight part, preferred 0.5-1 weight part glucuronic acid and/or 0.5-10 weight part, preferred 0.5-1 weight part glucose amide, namely blade face of the present invention resistance control agent can comprise one or more of the above-mentioned substance of above-mentioned weight part.
Further, blade face of the present invention resistance control agent comprises 1-10 weight part, preferred 1-5 weight part Lalgine and/or 1-10 weight part, preferred 1-5 weight part chitin and/or 0.5-10 weight part, preferred 0.5-5 weight part angelicic acid and/or 0.5-10 weight part, preferred 0.5-2 weight part styracin, that is, blade face of the present invention resistance control agent can comprise one or more of the above-mentioned substance of above-mentioned weight part.
Preferably, blade face of the present invention resistance control agent comprises water further, and doubly, more preferably 1:0.4-0.6, to make the aqueous solution for the gross weight of above-mentioned active ingredient and the mass ratio 1:0.1-10 of water, preferred 1:0.2-0.8.
Amino acid used in the present invention can be Threonine, aspartic acid, Serine, L-glutamic acid, proline(Pro), glycine, L-Ala, Gelucystine, α-amino-isovaleric acid, methionine(Met), Isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, Methionin, Histidine, arginine, one or more in tryptophane, preferably multiple, more preferably above-mentioned multiple amino acids is comprised, commercially available prod can be bought, such as be about 4.00wt% containing aspartic acid, Isoleucine is about 1.40wt%, Threonine is about 0.15wt%, leucine is about 2.80wt%, Serine is about 0.27wt%, tyrosine is about 0.44wt%, L-glutamic acid is about 9.30wt%, phenylalanine is about 1.90wt%, glycine is about 23.5wt%, Methionin is about 2.50wt%, L-Ala is about 9.90wt%, Histidine is about 0.53wt%, Gelucystine is about 1.63wt%, arginine is about 3.60wt%, α-amino-isovaleric acid is about 2.30wt%, proline(Pro) is about 8.10wt%, methionine(Met) is about 0.78wt%, amino acid summation 73.1%.
Citric acid, tea saponin, Saponin/TSM, alkyl polyglycoside, glucuronic acid, glucose amide, humic acids (water miscible humic acids), xanthohumic acid, amino acid, Lalgine, chitin, angelicic acid, styracin all can use commercial Industrial products.
Humic acids can use commercially available Sodium salts humic acids or potassium humate.Humic acids (HumicAcid writes a Chinese character in simplified form HA) is animals and plants remains, the mainly remains of plant, through decomposition and the conversion of microorganism, and the geochemical reaction process of series of complex and the type organic matter that accumulates.It is the polymeric organic acid be made up of aromatic series and multiple functional group thereof, has the function such as good physiologically active and absorption, complexing, exchange.The principal element of humic acids consists of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur, is the polycondensate of a kind of multivalence phenolic aromatics and nitrogen compound.According to solvability in a solvent and color classification, three components can be divided into: the part being 1. dissolved in acetone or alcohol is called ulmic acid; 2. be insoluble to partial acetone and be called Ulmic acids; 3. part that is water-soluble or diluted acid is called xanthohumic acid.Humic acids itself containing a certain amount of xanthohumic acid, but in the present invention, needs the xanthohumic acid using above-mentioned amount in addition.
Another aspect of the present invention provides the preparation method of blade face resistance control agent, comprises and said components being mixed, and mixture and water are according to 1:0.1-10, and preferred 1:0.2-0.8 doubly, more preferably dilute by the weight ratio of 1:0.4-0.6.
During use, by above-mentioned blade face resistance control agent dilute with water 200-500 doubly, blade face resistance control agent is sprayed equably on crop plant surface.
Another aspect of the present invention provides the blade face using the resistance control agent of above-mentioned blade face or above-mentioned preparation method to obtain and hinders the method for control agent for reducing lead content in crop edible position, and the method comprises:
(A) detect the farm crop edible position lead content that pending contaminated soil is planted, detect pending Lead In Soil content;
(B) according to above-mentioned detected result, by 200-500 times of dilute with water blade face resistance control agent (weaker concn is different according to process crop lead content height), adopt the mode of foliage-spray, blade face resistance control agent is sprayed on crop plant surface equably;
(C) spray 3-5 time continuously in crop different growing, every minor tick 7-10 days, allow blade face hinder control agent and reacted with the lead making instability in object by blade absorption, to make insoluble salt by water cycle precipitation stabilization in farming object.
For the difference of different soils lead content and Different Crop to the difference of Plumbum absorption, the weight sum that Crop growing stage every mu sprays common use active ingredient is at every turn calculated as 35-70g, preferred 40-65g, more preferably 45-60g; 42-126ml is calculated as, preferred 48-117ml, more preferably 54-108ml by the aqueous solution of active ingredient.
Advantage of the present invention
Avoid the process to Pb in Soil, control farm crop to the absorption of lead, reduce content plumbous in agricultural-food edible position, draw materials natural, raw material extensively, prepare simple, easy for operation, efficiency is high, regulation effect good.
Embodiment
By the following specific examples further illustrate the invention.These embodiments only for the object of example, do not constitute any limitation.
The amino acid used in embodiment is commercially available compound amino acid powder, 4.00wt% is about containing aspartic acid, Isoleucine is about 1.40wt%, Threonine is about 0.15wt%, leucine is about 2.80wt%, Serine is about 0.27wt%, tyrosine is about 0.44wt%, L-glutamic acid is about 9.30wt%, phenylalanine is about 1.90wt%, glycine is about 23.5wt%, Methionin is about 2.50wt%, L-Ala is about 9.90wt%, Histidine is about 0.53wt%, Gelucystine is about 1.63wt%, arginine is about 3.60wt%, α-amino-isovaleric acid is about 2.30wt%, proline(Pro) is about 8.10wt%, methionine(Met) is about 0.78wt%, amino acid summation 73.1%.Humic acids uses purchased from the Sodium salts humic acids of Nanning City's Tianyuan along rich Science and Technology Ltd., 1. outward appearance: shiny black look, indefinite form solid particulate, 2. granularity: 20---120 order, 3. fulvo acid content (butt) >=70%, 4. water-insoluble (butt)≤12%, 5. water content≤15%, 6.Fe content≤0.45%, 7.PH value 8-9.Xanthohumic acid use is purchased from the xanthohumic acid of Nanning City's Tianyuan along rich Science and Technology Ltd.: biochemical fulvic acid 40%, full nitrogen 3%, full phosphorus 0.5%, full potassium 11.5%, organic matter 50%, amino acid 3%, crude protein 19%, moisture content 1.5% are also containing medium trace element such as Calcium Magnesium Sulphur, zinc, iron, molybdenum, boron.Other components use commercial industrial product.
Embodiment 1
Raw material citric acid, tea saponin, Saponin/TSM, humic acid, xanthohumic acid, amino acid and chitin are weighed according to mass percent, mass ratio is citric acid: tea saponin: Saponin/TSM: humic acid: xanthohumic acid: amino acid: chitin=5:38:5:25:10:10:4, after each material is mixed, gross weight by above-mentioned active ingredient: water=1:0.3, soluble in water, make solution, namely obtain described blade face resistance control agent.
Test site: paddy fields, Changsha County in Hunan province
(1) adopting plumbous detection method of regulation in " mensuration of national food safety standard Pb in food " (GB5009.15-2014) to determine this area, not spray plumbous content in the paddy rice of blade face resistance control agent be 0.254mg/kg, in employing " standard of soil environment quality " (GB15618-2008), the heavy metal detection method of regulation determines the lead content in pedotheque, and its maximum detection level is 23.9mg/kg.
(2) divide at rice plant of tillering stage, heading stage and strong paddy initial stage and 3 times above-mentioned blade face resistance control agent 300 times of liquid are evenly sprayed on rice leaf, spray 50ml (calculating by the amount of solution before 300 times of dilutions)/mu altogether, the time of spraying is the fine day dusk at every turn;
(3) after paddy maturation, paddy and soil sampling are detected: the plumbous maximum level of paddy of plantation after process is 0.089mg/kg, requires 0.2mg/kg lower than in " pollutants in food limitation " (GB2762-2012) to the limitation of lead content in rice; The maximum effective content of Pb in Soil is 1.83mg/kg.
Embodiment 2
Raw material citric acid, tea saponin, Saponin/TSM, glucuronic acid, humic acid, xanthohumic acid amino acid, chitin and styracin are weighed according to mass percent, mass ratio is citric acid: tea saponin: Saponin/TSM: glucuronic acid: humic acid: xanthohumic acid: amino acid: chitin: styracin=8:30:5:1:25:10:13:4:1, after each material is mixed, gross weight by above-mentioned active ingredient: water=1:0.4, soluble in water, make solution, namely obtain described blade face resistance control agent.
Test site: with the paddy fields, Changsha County in Hunan province of embodiment 1
(4) adopting plumbous detection method of regulation in " mensuration of national food safety standard Pb in food " (GB5009.15-2014) to determine this area, not spray plumbous content in the paddy rice of blade face resistance control agent be 0.254mg/kg, in employing " standard of soil environment quality " (GB15618-2008), the heavy metal detection method of regulation determines the lead content in pedotheque, and its maximum detection level is 23.9mg/kg.
(5) divide at rice plant of tillering stage, heading stage and strong paddy initial stage and 3 times above-mentioned blade face resistance control agent 300 times of liquid evenly sprayed on rice leaf, spray 50ml/ mu altogether at every turn, the time of spraying be fine day at dusk;
(6) after paddy maturation, paddy and soil sampling are detected: the plumbous maximum level of paddy of plantation after process is 0.091mg/kg, requires 0.2mg/kg lower than in " pollutants in food limitation " (GB2762-2012) to the limitation of lead content in rice; The maximum effective content of Pb in Soil is 1.83mg/kg.
Embodiment 3
Raw material citric acid, tea saponin, Saponin/TSM, alkyl polyglycoside, humic acid, amino acid, xanthohumic acid, styracin and chitin are weighed according to mass percent, ratio is citric acid: tea saponin: Saponin/TSM: alkyl polyglycoside: humic acid: xanthohumic acid: amino acid: styracin: chitin=5:40:5:1:25:10:10:4:3, after each material is mixed in proportion, by raw material: water=1:0.4, soluble in water, make solution, namely obtain described blade face resistance control agent.
Test site: Hengyang, Hunan Province growing vegetables ground
(1) adopting the plumbous detection method of regulation in " mensuration of national food safety standard Pb in food " (GB5009.15-2014) to determine this area does not use plumbous content in the capsicum of blade face resistance control agent to be 0.341mg/kg, in employing " standard of soil environment quality " (GB15618-2008), the heavy metal detection method of regulation determines the lead content in pedotheque, and its maximum detection level is 6.96mg/kg.
(2) at chilli seedling, come into bloom and bear fruit the initial stage, in the mode of foliage-spray, this blade face resistance control agent 400 times of liquid are evenly sprayed at Pepper Leaves, and spray 50ml (calculating by the amount of solution before 400 times of dilutions)/mu altogether, the time of spraying is the fine day dusk at every turn;
(3) after pepper fruit maturation, pepper fruit and soil sampling are detected: the plumbous maximum level of capsicum of plantation after process is 0.085mg/kg, requires 0.1mg/kg far below in " pollutants in food limitation " (GB2762-2012) to the limitation of lead content in fresh vegetables; Pb in Soil maximum level is 4.38mg/kg.
Embodiment 4
Raw material citric acid, tea saponin, Saponin/TSM, humic acid, amino acid, xanthohumic acid, styracin and chitin are weighed according to mass percent, ratio is citric acid: tea saponin: Saponin/TSM: humic acid: xanthohumic acid: amino acid=10:35:8:25:12:12, after each material is mixed in proportion, by raw material: water=1:0.4, soluble in water, make solution, namely obtain described blade face resistance control agent.
Test site: with the Hengyang, Hunan Province growing vegetables ground of embodiment 3
(1) adopting the plumbous detection method of regulation in " mensuration of national food safety standard Pb in food " (GB5009.15-2014) to determine this area does not use plumbous content in the capsicum of blade face resistance control agent to be 0.341mg/kg, in employing " standard of soil environment quality " (GB15618-2008), the heavy metal detection method of regulation determines the lead content in pedotheque, and its maximum detection level is 6.96mg/kg.
(2) at chilli seedling, come into bloom and bear fruit the initial stage, in the mode of foliage-spray, this blade face resistance control agent 400 times of liquid are evenly sprayed at Pepper Leaves, and spray 50ml (calculating by the amount of solution before 400 times of dilutions)/mu altogether, the time of spraying is the fine day dusk at every turn;
(3) after pepper fruit maturation, pepper fruit and soil sampling are detected: the plumbous maximum level of capsicum of plantation after process is 0.092mg/kg, requires 0.1mg/kg far below in " pollutants in food limitation " (GB2762-2012) to the limitation of lead content in fresh vegetables; Pb in Soil maximum level is 4.38mg/kg.
As can be seen from the above embodiments, blade face of the present invention resistance control agent can avoid Pb in Soil process, effectively reduces the lead content that farm crop eat part.
Claims (8)
1., for reducing a blade face resistance control agent for farm crop Lead contamination, it comprises following active ingredient:
5-45 weight part, preferred 8-40 weight part, more preferably 15-38 weight part tea saponin;
The acid of 1-10 parts by weight of lemon, preferred 2-8 parts by weight of lemon acid, more preferably 4-6 parts by weight of lemon acid;
2-15 weight part, preferred 5-10 weight part, more preferably 5-8 weight part Saponin/TSM;
4-30 weight part, preferred 10-25 weight part, more preferably 15-25 humic acids, preferred fulvo acid;
1-15 weight part, preferred 2-12 weight part, more preferably 5-10 weight part xanthohumic acid;
2-20 weight part, preferred 3-15 weight part, more preferably 5-10 weight part amino acid.
2. blade face according to claim 1 resistance control agent, it comprises following active ingredient further: 0.5-10 weight part, preferred 0.5-1 weight part alkyl polyglycoside and/or 0.5-10 weight part, preferred 0.5-1 weight part glucuronic acid and/or 0.5-10 weight part, preferred 0.5-1 weight part glucose amide.
3. blade face according to claim 1 and 2 resistance control agent, it comprises following active ingredient further: 1-10 weight part, preferred 1-5 weight part Lalgine and/or 1-10 weight part, preferred 1-5 weight part chitin and/or 0.5-10 weight part, preferred 0.5-5 weight part angelicic acid and/or 0.5-10 weight part, preferred 0.5-2 weight part styracin.
4. the blade face resistance control agent according to any one of claim 1-3, it comprises water further, and doubly, more preferably 1:0.4-0.6, to make the aqueous solution for the gross weight of described active ingredient and the mass ratio 1:0.1-10 of water, preferred 1:0.2-0.8.
5. the blade face resistance control agent according to any one of claim 1-4, wherein, the amino acid used is one or more in Threonine, aspartic acid, Serine, L-glutamic acid, proline(Pro), glycine, L-Ala, Gelucystine, α-amino-isovaleric acid, methionine(Met), Isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, Methionin, Histidine, arginine, tryptophane.
6. the preparation method of the blade face resistance control agent of preparation according to any one of claim 1-5, comprises and described active ingredient being mixed, and mixture and water are according to 1:0.1-10, and preferred 1:0.2-0.8 doubly, more preferably dilute by the weight ratio of 1:0.4-0.6.
7. use the resistance control agent of the blade face according to any one of claim 1-5 or control the method for agent for reducing lead content in crop edible position by blade face resistance prepared by method according to claim 6, the method comprises: (A) detects the farm crop edible position lead content that pending contaminated soil is planted, and detects pending Lead In Soil content;
(B) according to above-mentioned detected result, by 200-500 times of dilute with water blade face resistance control agent, adopt the mode of foliage-spray, blade face resistance control agent is sprayed on crop plant surface equably;
(C) spray 3-5 time continuously in crop different growing, every minor tick 7-10 days, allow blade face hinder control agent and reacted with the lead making instability in object by blade absorption, to make insoluble salt by water cycle precipitation stabilization in farming object.
8. method according to claim 7, wherein, for the difference of different soils lead content and Different Crop to the difference of Plumbum absorption, the weight sum that Crop growing stage every mu sprays common use active ingredient is at every turn calculated as 35-70g, preferred 40-65g, more preferably 45-60g; 42-126ml is calculated as, preferred 48-117ml, more preferably 54-108ml by the aqueous solution of active ingredient.
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| CN113429235A (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-09-24 | 郑州轻工业大学 | Spike resistance control agent for reducing lead of wheat grains and preparation and application methods thereof |
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Application publication date: 20160127 |