CN105268734A - Method for rapidly treating heavy metal contaminated soil - Google Patents
Method for rapidly treating heavy metal contaminated soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN105268734A CN105268734A CN201410348986.1A CN201410348986A CN105268734A CN 105268734 A CN105268734 A CN 105268734A CN 201410348986 A CN201410348986 A CN 201410348986A CN 105268734 A CN105268734 A CN 105268734A
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- heavy metal
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for rapidly treating heavy metal contaminated soil, belongs to the technical field of soil pollution treatment, and particularly relates to a technology for treating the heavy metal contaminated soil by vegetation measures and biological measures. The method comprises the steps that humate fertilizer is applied to soil which is contaminated by heavy metal of Cd, As, Pb and Zn; then vetiveria zizanioides is planted on the soil, the planting distances between plant clusters range from 18 cm to 22 cm, the line spacing is 47-53 cm, and 6-10 plants are planted per cluster; NPK compound fertilizer is applied three months after the vetiveria zizanioides is planted and survived, and the dosage of the NPK compound fertilizer is 20-30 kg per mu; the stems and leaves of the vetiveria zizanioides are harvested in summer or winter each year; and the stems and leaves are used for fermenting methane or the handicraft industry when it is detected that the total amount of enriched heavy metal exceeds the standard and are used as pasture or fertilizer when it is detected that the total amount of the enriched heavy metal reaches the standard. The adopted vetiveria zizanioides has good heavy metal hyper-accumulation performance, and is resistant to barren, drought, acid and alkali, large in biomass, likely to survive and convenient to manage.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to remediation contaminated soil technical field, be specifically related to a kind of technology utilizing plant measures and biological control measure to administer heavy metal pollution of soil.
Background technology
If heavy metal pollution of soil owner mercury, lead, copper, zinc, chromium, nickel, tin and metallic arsenic etc.At present, heavy-metal contaminated soil Treatment process has a lot, can be described as and cuts both ways, and can find from the domestic and international various bibliographical information about Heavy Metal Pollution Control aspect, its governance way mostly adopts Physical, chemical method and bioanalysis.
Because the heavy metal in soil has biological non-biodegradable and relative stability, heavy metal is easily accumulated in soil, and repair very difficult, the difficulty of its improvement and recovery is very large.In order to control and administer contaminated soil, the restorative procedure of traditional contaminated soil has physical method (leaching method, soil moved in improve the original method, absorption fixation etc.) and chemical method (biological reducing method, complex compound extraction etc.).Physical method is effective, not by the restriction of edaphic condition, but needs a large amount of human and material resources and financial resources, and investment large, take effect slowly, also can spoiled soil structure and edaphon; Chemical method instant effect, but often capital intensive, need with the appointed condition of complexity, upset soil layer construction and easily bring secondary pollution etc., have no way out especially to large-area pollution, therefore, these methods all can not tackle the problem at its root.Along with people are to the pay attention to day by day of environmental protection, in the urgent need to finding a new way of administering heavy-metal contaminated soil when not spoiled soil physicochemical properties, thus phytoremediation is prefered method.
Phytoremediation technology refers to the heavy metal utilized in plant absorption, decomposition, volatilization or fixing soil, reduces the content of heavy metal in soil and bio-available Zn concentration, thus reduces its harm to biology.Its essence is certain specific planting on the soil of heavy metal pollution, and this Plants has special restraining oneself and excessive accumulaiton ability to the pollution element in soil, heavy-metal movement can be gone out the soil body after carrying out dealing carefully with (as ashing is reclaimed), to reach pollution administration and to recover ecological object by plant harvest.
In disclosed heavy metal hyperaccumulative plant Treatment process, ciliate desert-grass Treatment process is more ripe one, ciliate desert-grass energy enrichment 1 ~ 3 heavy metal species (cadmium, lead, arsenic), need soil environment (pH, moisture) to have certain requirement simultaneously, the biomass of ciliate desert-grass unit land output is little, thus the total amount of enriching heavy metal is just few.Therefore the better plant of necessary screening again, can enriching heavy metal, and impoverishment tolerant, drought-resistant, acid and alkali-resistance, biomass large, easily survives, convenient management.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the original position heavy metal pollution plant restoration method that a kind of science is practical, cost performance is high, the plant adopted should have good heavy metal hyperaccumulative performance, simultaneously again must impoverishment tolerant, drought-resistant, acid and alkali-resistance, biomass large, easily survives, convenient management.
Realize the technical method that the object of the invention takes as follows: first executing humic acid fertilizer by the soil of Cd, As, Pb, Zn heavy metal pollution, then plant vetiver (
vetiveriazizanioidesLinn.), planting rirgulaea distance is 18 ~ 22cm, line-spacing 47 ~ 53cm, every clump of 6 ~ 10 strains, use NPK composite fertilizer, every mu of consumption 20 ~ 30kg after plantation survives rear March, annual summer or winter gather in vetiver cauline leaf, when enriching heavy metal total amount exceeds standard after testing, cauline leaf is for biogas fermentation or handicraft, and the cauline leaf after up to standard is used as herbage or fertilizer.
The described soil by heavy metal pollution soil is, containing the content of Cd at the content of 20 ~ 60mg/kg, As at the content of 100 ~ 250mg/kg, Pb at the content of 500 ~ 1500mg/kg, Zn at 300 ~ 750mg/kg.
Specific embodiment of the invention step is as follows: 1. before described heavy metal pollution soil planting plants 2 ~ 4 days, and apply humic acid fertilizer, every mu of consumption 90 ~ 110ml, dilute with water 500 is doubly sprayed on contaminated soil; 2. select 1 year raw vetiver, every clump of 6 ~ 10 strains, before plantation, cauline leaf is trimmed to 14 ~ 16cm, root pruning, to 5.5 ~ 6.5cm, then soaks vetiver root 50 ~ 70 minutes with the root-growing agent of dilution 100 times; 3. plant vetiver by described clump distance and line-spacing 50 kinds and form vetiver hedgerow; 4. NPK composite fertilizer is used after surviving 3 months that turn green vetiver; 5. vetiver plantation survive after in annual summer or winter, harvesting vetiver cauline leaf, on reservation, cauline leaf height is 10 ~ 15cm; 6. repeat 4. to arrive step 5..
Content Dou Wei≤20% of the nitrogen in described NPK composite fertilizer, phosphorus, potassium; The maintenance phase after vetiver plantation is 1 month, later stage free growth; Plant after 1 year and vetiver is tillered propagation.
Advantageous Effects of the present invention is: vetiver impoverishment tolerant and soda acid (pH3 ~ 11), can administer by the soil pollution of various heavy, variable concentrations, saline and alkaline, and can be applicable to the pollution control of the mountain waste of sand ground and a small amount of soil.Because vetiver biomass is large, the heavy metal be enriched to for 1 year in cauline leaf is just many, compares, just has repair time short, the feature of instant effect with other heavy metal accumulation plants.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment: test and carry out in lead-zinc ore tailings district, Yangshuo County, Guilin City, pilot region 2.1 mu.Mining soil composition detection data are in Table-1.2,3,4 days before vetiver plantation, 500 times are diluted by every mu of consumption 90 ~ 110ml with humic acid fertilizer, be sprayed at and administer on Land in Regional Land, select 1 year raw vetiver, every clump of 6 ~ 10 strains, before plantation, cauline leaf is trimmed to about 15 centimeters, root pruning, to about 6 centimeters, then dilutes 100 times with root-growing agent and invades bubble 1 hours, according to clump apart from about 20cm, line-spacing about 50cm, plantation vetiver forms vetiver hedgerow; NPK composite fertilizer is used, content Dou Wei≤20% of nitrogen wherein, phosphorus, potassium after surviving 3 months that turn green vetiver; In annual summer or winter after vetiver plantation survives, harvesting vetiver cauline leaf, on reservation, cauline leaf height is 10 ~ 15cm; The above-mentioned step using NPK composite fertilizer and harvesting is repeated again to the vetiver turned green.For harvesting vetiver cauline leaf, when enriching heavy metal total amount exceeds standard after testing, cauline leaf is for biogas fermentation or handicraft; If detect up to standard after, cauline leaf be used as herbage or fertilizer.
table 1 lead-zinc ore tailings district Soil K+adsorption table
| Project | Mine tailings (pollution) | Red soil (uncontaminated) check plot |
| pH | 7.13 | 5.18 |
| Electrical conductivity (ds/m) | 3.6 | 1.2 |
| Organic carbon (%) | 1.52 | 2.36 |
| Full N(mg/kg) | 51.29 | 97.62 |
| Full P(mg/kg) | 0.5736 | 39.2 |
| Full K(mg/kg) | 1614.73 | 4217.5 |
| Full Pb(mg/kg) | 4.626 | 0.431 |
| Full Zn(mg/kg) | 8.765 | 0.966 |
| Full Cd(ug/kg) | 46.62 | 3.28 |
Vetiver planting area is divided into A, B, C, D tetra-groups, and A, B, C tri-groups is planted in contaminated soil, and D group is planted on the untainted soil of annex, contrasts as blank assay.
A group is not for use humic acid fertilizer and NPK composite fertilizer, B group, for using humic acid fertilizer, does not use NPK composite fertilizer, and C group is use humic acid fertilizer and NPK composite fertilizer simultaneously, D group is not subject in contaminated land for being planted in lead-zinc ore tailings district, does not use humic acid fertilizer and NPK composite fertilizer simultaneously.4 groups of experiments, under the prerequisite using humic acid fertilizer and NPK composite fertilizer, the time of use is all the same with concentration, total amount.
Vetiver maintenance of plant is after 7 months, and monitor the content of beary metal in the cauline leaf of vetiver and root system, monitoring result is as table 2,3,4.
the content (dry weight) of Cd in table 2 vetiver plant tissue
| Sample sets | Blade (mg/kg) | Root system (mg/kg) | Blade/root system |
| A group | 20.6000 | 30.725 | 0.6705 |
| B group | 43.7633 | 64.0000 | 0.6838 |
| C group | 62.1000 | 98.4167 | 0.6310 |
| D group | 0.0883 | 2.0492 | 0.0431 |
the content (dry weight) of Pb in table 3 vetiver plant tissue
| Sample sets | Blade (mg/kg) | Root system (mg/kg) | Blade/root system |
| A group | 22.50 | 1548.3330 | 0.0145 |
| B group | 64.35 | 1397.1700 | 0.0461 |
| C group | 85.25 | 2235.8330 | 0.0381 |
| D group | 4.800 | 133.900 | 0.0358 |
the content (dry weight) of Zn in table 4 vetiver plant tissue
| Sample sets | Blade (mg/kg) | Root system (mg/kg) | Blade/root system |
| A group | 321.12 | 1839.167 | 0.1746 |
| B group | 312.00 | 2170.833 | 0.1437 |
| C group | 373.25 | 3186.667 | 0.1171 |
| D group | 24.60 | 160.60 | 0.1531 |
Experiment shows, the ability of the root system enriching heavy metal of vetiver is greater than vetiver cauline leaf, use humic acid fertilizer and NPK composite fertilizer better effects if simultaneously, but in Practical Project uses, vetiver cauline leaf weight for unit are output is far longer than root system, the cost that the cost of the simultaneously harvesting of vetiver cauline leaf is collected lower than root system; So in engineering application process kind, only collect vetiver cauline leaf, reach the object of removal heavy metal.
Claims (4)
1. administer the method for heavy metal pollution of soil fast for one kind, it is characterized in that: first executing humic acid fertilizer by the soil of Cd, As, Pb, Zn heavy metal pollution, then vetiver is planted, planting rirgulaea distance is 18 ~ 22cm, line-spacing 47 ~ 53cm, every clump of 6 ~ 10 strains, NPK composite fertilizer is used after plantation survives rear March, every mu of consumption 20 ~ 30kg, annual summer or winter gather in vetiver cauline leaf, when enriching heavy metal total amount exceeds standard after testing, cauline leaf is for biogas fermentation or handicraft, and the cauline leaf after up to standard is used as herbage or fertilizer.
2. by the method for quick improvement heavy metal pollution of soil according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the soil by heavy metal pollution soil is, containing the content of Cd at the content of 20 ~ 60mg/kg, As at the content of 100 ~ 250mg/kg, Pb at the content of 500 ~ 1500mg/kg, Zn at 300 ~ 750mg/kg.
3. by the method for quick improvement heavy metal pollution of soil according to claim 1, it is characterized in that concrete implementation step is as follows: 1. before described heavy metal pollution soil planting plants 2 ~ 4 days, apply humic acid fertilizer, every mu of consumption 90 ~ 110ml, dilute with water 500 is doubly sprayed on contaminated soil; 2. select 1 year raw vetiver, every clump of 6 ~ 10 strains, before plantation, cauline leaf is trimmed to 14 ~ 16cm, root pruning, to 5.5 ~ 6.5cm, then soaks vetiver root 50 ~ 70 minutes with the root-growing agent of dilution 100 times; 3. plant vetiver by described clump distance and line-spacing 50 kinds and form vetiver hedgerow; 4. NPK composite fertilizer is used after surviving 3 months that turn green vetiver; 5. vetiver plantation survive after in annual summer or winter, harvesting vetiver cauline leaf, on reservation, cauline leaf height is 10 ~ 15cm; 6. repeat 4. to arrive step 5..
4., by the method for quick improvement heavy metal pollution of soil according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the content Dou of the nitrogen in NPK composite fertilizer, phosphorus, potassium Wei≤20%; The maintenance phase after vetiver plantation is 1 month, later stage free growth; Plant after 1 year and vetiver is tillered propagation.
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106938275A (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2017-07-11 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Pyrolysis bio-oils produce chromium-polluted soil biofluid humic acid in-situ immobilization agent |
| CN107318450A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2017-11-07 | 北京汉都环境科技有限公司 | A kind of heavy metal-polluted soil biodegrading process based on biological coupling technology |
| CN109290349A (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2019-02-01 | 湖南正信检测技术股份有限公司 | Castor-oil plant-humic acid collaboration restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal method |
| CN109699225A (en) * | 2018-12-16 | 2019-05-03 | 安徽省巢湖铸造厂有限责任公司 | A kind of preparation method of Nutrition Soil |
| CN110577831A (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2019-12-17 | 安徽师范大学 | heavy metal contaminated soil remediation conditioner and method for improving soil by using remediation conditioner |
| CN111869515A (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2020-11-03 | 鞠发维 | Single-plant planting method of eremochloa ophiuroides applied to embankment |
| CN112337965A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2021-02-09 | 江西省华赣环境技术研发有限公司 | System method for repairing ionic rare earth dump leaching mine field |
| CN109359814B (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2021-03-09 | 和辰（深圳）科技有限公司 | Soil composition information processing method, device, system, storage medium and equipment |
| CN113292160A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-08-24 | 江西省华赣环境技术研发有限公司 | Ecological restoration device and method for treating rare earth tail water according to local conditions |
| CN113477702A (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2021-10-08 | 广东省农业科学院环境园艺研究所 | Method for extracting heavy metal cadmium in soil |
| CN115193908A (en) * | 2022-07-28 | 2022-10-18 | 西南科技大学 | Chromium-contaminated soil phytoremediation method based on root sequence method |
| CN115647028A (en) * | 2022-11-15 | 2023-01-31 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Method for restoring lead-polluted soil of acid pyrite mine |
| CN116660323A (en) * | 2023-07-24 | 2023-08-29 | 四川省科源工程技术测试中心有限责任公司 | Agricultural farmland saline-alkali degree sampling detection device and method |
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Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106938275A (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2017-07-11 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Pyrolysis bio-oils produce chromium-polluted soil biofluid humic acid in-situ immobilization agent |
| CN107318450A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2017-11-07 | 北京汉都环境科技有限公司 | A kind of heavy metal-polluted soil biodegrading process based on biological coupling technology |
| CN109359814B (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2021-03-09 | 和辰（深圳）科技有限公司 | Soil composition information processing method, device, system, storage medium and equipment |
| CN109290349A (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2019-02-01 | 湖南正信检测技术股份有限公司 | Castor-oil plant-humic acid collaboration restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal method |
| CN109699225A (en) * | 2018-12-16 | 2019-05-03 | 安徽省巢湖铸造厂有限责任公司 | A kind of preparation method of Nutrition Soil |
| CN110577831A (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2019-12-17 | 安徽师范大学 | heavy metal contaminated soil remediation conditioner and method for improving soil by using remediation conditioner |
| CN111869515A (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2020-11-03 | 鞠发维 | Single-plant planting method of eremochloa ophiuroides applied to embankment |
| CN112337965A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2021-02-09 | 江西省华赣环境技术研发有限公司 | System method for repairing ionic rare earth dump leaching mine field |
| CN113292160A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-08-24 | 江西省华赣环境技术研发有限公司 | Ecological restoration device and method for treating rare earth tail water according to local conditions |
| CN113477702A (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2021-10-08 | 广东省农业科学院环境园艺研究所 | Method for extracting heavy metal cadmium in soil |
| CN115193908A (en) * | 2022-07-28 | 2022-10-18 | 西南科技大学 | Chromium-contaminated soil phytoremediation method based on root sequence method |
| CN115647028A (en) * | 2022-11-15 | 2023-01-31 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Method for restoring lead-polluted soil of acid pyrite mine |
| CN115647028B (en) * | 2022-11-15 | 2023-09-12 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Restoration method for lead-polluted soil of acidic pyrite mountain |
| CN116660323A (en) * | 2023-07-24 | 2023-08-29 | 四川省科源工程技术测试中心有限责任公司 | Agricultural farmland saline-alkali degree sampling detection device and method |
| CN116660323B (en) * | 2023-07-24 | 2023-11-14 | 四川省科源工程技术测试中心有限责任公司 | Agricultural farmland saline-alkali degree sampling detection device and method |
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