CN105267058A - 一种绿萝花多糖及其应用 - Google Patents
一种绿萝花多糖及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN105267058A CN105267058A CN201410341331.1A CN201410341331A CN105267058A CN 105267058 A CN105267058 A CN 105267058A CN 201410341331 A CN201410341331 A CN 201410341331A CN 105267058 A CN105267058 A CN 105267058A
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- scindapsus aureus
- polysaccharide
- scindapsus
- aureus polysaccharide
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种绿萝花多糖及其应用，所述绿萝花多糖中总多糖含量百分比为5-15。通过以下方法制备：将绿萝花粉碎后，加水提取，过滤，将滤液除去溶剂后浓缩，加入有机溶剂沉淀，过滤，滤渣用有机溶剂洗涤，干燥，得绿萝花多糖。所述绿萝花多糖具有很好的保湿、抗氧化功效，可用于化妆品、保健食品和医药领域，尤其是可应用于化妆品中。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于天然产物化学领域，尤其涉及一种绿萝花多糖及其应用。
背景技术
皮肤保护内部组织的屏障功能有赖于皮肤的水合保湿能力，皮肤的储水量占全身的18％-20％。空调、环境污染、季节转换带来的温度变化与压力，以及皮肤衰老、代谢减缓等因素都会造成肌肤水分过度流失，令肌肤粗糙、黯哑、形成干纹、引发诸多肌肤问题。防止皮肤水分过度流失，对于保持良好的皮肤屏障功能和皮肤的健康，乃至皮肤美丽的外观是非常重要的。
为了达到保持皮肤水分，减少水分过度散失的目的，通常在皮肤外用剂中加入保湿成分。保湿剂种类很多，常用的保湿成分可以分为封闭型保湿剂和吸湿性保湿剂两大类。封闭型保湿剂作用是通过在皮肤表面形成膜层，阻挡皮肤水分蒸发，从而使角质层保持一定的含水量，这一类保湿剂包括矿物油和蜡如凡士林，植物油与动物脂肪如羊毛脂，磷脂、胆固醇等。吸湿性保湿剂是一类类似于表皮中天然保湿因子，可以与水强力结合而达到使角质层保湿的效果。此类保湿成分有：天然保湿因子、蛋白质、多糖、神经酰胺、各种维生素等。动物和矿物来源的保湿剂容易引起皮肤过敏、皮肤刺激等问题，从植物中寻找天然保湿剂符合人们对源于自然的化妆品的需求。
绿萝花(Edgeworthiagardneri)，又称西藏绿萝花或藏药绿萝花，是瑞香科(THYMELAEACEAE)结香属(EdgeworthiaMeisn.)的植物滇结香(Edgeworthiagardneri(Wall.)Meissn)的花蕾。瑞香科结香属的植物可以列举的有滇结香(Edgeworthiagardneri)、结香(EdgeworthiachrysanthaLindl.)、白结香(EdgeworthiaalbifloraNakai)、西畴结香(EdgeworthiaeriosolenoidesFeng&S.C.Huang)等。滇结香(Edgeworthiagardneri)别名小构皮、构皮树、构树，常绿灌木，产于西藏寒冷地带、喜马拉雅山脉和云南地区，每年七至八月开花，花期三十天左右，树皮纤维是制造宣纸、蜡纸、牛皮纸等高级纸张的优良材料，花蕾、根和茎皮均可入药。滇结香的花蕾又被称为梦花、绿萝花，据《藏医养身图说》，绿萝花主要用于治疗糖尿病、冠心病、高血压、高血脂、血管炎及脉管炎等。西藏当地居民将绿萝花通过泡水饮用的方式来治疗糖尿病等慢性疾病。目前未见有关于绿萝花多糖的保湿功效及在化妆品中的应用的报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于：提供一种绿萝花多糖及其应用，旨在将绿萝花多糖应用于皮肤外用剂中，以起到美容护肤的作用。
本发明的目的是这样实现的：
一种绿萝花多糖，其中总多糖含量百分比为5-15。
所述绿萝花多糖，通过以下方法制备：
将绿萝花粉碎后，加水提取，过滤，将滤液除去溶剂后浓缩，加入有机溶剂沉淀，过滤，滤渣用有机溶剂洗涤，干燥，得绿萝花多糖。
所述有机溶剂是指含有羟基或羰基等极性基团的有机溶剂，例如：甲酰胺、二甲基甲酰胺、六甲基磷酰胺、四甲基乙二胺、三乙胺、三丁胺、乙酸、三氟乙酸、乙腈、甲酸甲酯、乙酸乙酯、碳酸二甲酯、二甲亚砜、丙酮、甲乙酮、二氧六环、吡啶、四氢呋喃、甲醇、乙醇、三氯甲烷、丙三醇、丙二醇、丙烯二醇、异丙醇、正丁醇和乙醚等，中的一种或几种，其中优选乙醇水溶液。
在以乙醇水溶液为有机溶剂时，乙醇的浓度选用60-99％。
根据试验可知，绿萝花多糖在保湿、抗氧化方面具有很好的功效，可以作为活性成分添加到化妆品配方中，这里所指的活性成分在某些情况下可以提供一种或一种以上的功效。
本发明中所述的活性成分还可以为泛醇、甘草酸二钾、尿囊素、烟酰胺、抗坏血酸磷酸酯钠、三色堇提取物、透明质酸钠、生育酚乙酸酯、十一碳烯酰基苯并氨酸等。此外，此类描述是为了便于理解，并不是使成分限于具体指出的应用或者所列出的应用。
绿萝花多糖可应用于皮肤外用剂、保健食品和医药，尤其是可应用于化妆品中，根据制剂的不同类型添加不同的用量。
所述皮肤外用剂组合物是通常用于皮肤外部的所有成分的统称概念，例如可以是化妆料组合物或药学组合物。所述化妆料组合物中可以是基础化妆料、面部妆容化妆料、身体用化妆料、头发护理用化妆料等，对其剂型无特殊限制，根据不同目的可合理选择。
所述化妆料组合物中根据剂型和目的的不同还含有不同的化妆品学层面允许的介质或基质赋形剂。
可以用于本发明皮肤外用剂组合物的化妆品、皮肤病学或药学上可接受的赋形剂可以为水相、油相、凝胶、水包蜡型乳液、水包油型乳液或油包水型乳液的形式。水相为一种或多种水溶性或分散性组分的混合物，其在室温下可以为液体、半固体或固体。赋形剂包括或可以为在水或水-醇赋形剂中的混悬液、分散液或溶液的形式，其可以含有增稠剂或凝胶剂。本领域技术人员可以基于本领域技术人员掌握的知识选择合适的产品形式，其中包含的组分。
所述的组合物可以包括水相，该水相可以含有水或水与至少一种亲水性有机溶剂的混合物，所述的亲水性有机溶剂诸如醇，尤其是含有2-5个碳原子的直链或支链低级一元醇，如乙醇或丙醇；多元醇，如丙二醇、山梨醇、甘油、泛醇或聚乙二醇及其混合物。
当发明的组合物为乳液形式时，该组合物还可以任选包含表面活性剂。
所述的组合物还可以包含成膜聚合物，如聚氨基甲酸酯、聚丙烯酸均聚物或共聚物、聚酯、基于烃的树脂和/或硅氧烷树脂。可以将聚合物溶于或分散于化妆品可接受的赋形剂中并且任选与增塑剂合并。
本发明的组合物还可以包含油相，所述的油相含有在室温下为液体的油溶性或油分散性组分和/或在室温下为油状或蜡状的物质，如蜡、半固体、树胶及其混合物。该油相还可以含有有机溶剂。
通常在室温下为液体，合适的油性物质包括：来源于动物的基于烃的油，如全氢化角鲨烯；基于烃的植物油，如液体的C4-10脂肪酸的甘油三酯类，例如庚酸或辛酸甘油三酯类，或油，例如向日葵油、玉米油、大豆油、葡萄籽油、蓖麻油、鳄梨油、辛酸/癸酸甘油三酯类、霍霍巴油；矿物或合成来源的直链或支链烃类，例如液体石蜡及其衍生物、凡士林；合成酯类和醚类，特别是脂肪醇的酯类，例如肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、棕榈酸2-乙基己酯、硬脂酸2-辛基十二烷基酯、异硬脂酸异硬脂醇酯；羟基化酯类，例如乳酸异硬脂醇酯、羟基硬脂酸辛酯、羟基硬脂酸辛酯、羟基硬脂酸辛基十二烷基酯、脂肪醇的庚酸酯类、辛酸酯类和癸酸脂类；多元醇酯类，例如丙二醇二辛酸酯、新戊二醇二庚酸酯、二甘醇二异壬酸酯和季戊四醇酯类；含有C12-26的脂肪醇类，例如辛基十二烷醇、2-丁基辛醇、2-己基癸醇、2-十一烷基十五烷醇、油醇；基于部分烃的氟油和/或氟硅油，硅油，在室温下为液体或半固体的挥发性或非挥发性的直链或环状聚甲基硅氧烷，例如环状聚二甲基硅氧烷和聚二甲基硅氧烷，其任选包含苯基，例如苯基三甲基硅氧烷、硅氧烷及其混合物。
本发明的组合物可以进一步包含常用于化妆品领域中的任何组分。这些组分包括防腐剂、水相增稠剂(多糖生物聚合物、合成聚合物)和脂肪相增稠剂、芳香剂、亲水性和亲脂性活性剂及其混合物。
本发明的组合物还可以包含另外的颗粒相，所述的颗粒相可以为化妆品组合物中使用的颜料和/或珠光剂和/或填充剂。
颜料可以存在于组合物中，合适的无机颜料包括氧化钛、氧化锆和氧化铈以及氧化锌、氧化铁和铁蓝；合适的有机颜料包括钡、锶、钙和铝色淀和碳黑。
珠光剂可以存在于组合物中，合适的珠光剂包括涂覆了氧化钛、氧化铁或天然颜料的云母。
填充剂可以存在于组合物中，合适的填充剂包括滑石粉、二氧化硅、硬脂酸锌、云母、高岭土、尼龙粉末、聚乙烯粉末、特氟龙、淀粉、一氮化硼、共聚物微球，例如硅氧烷树脂微珠。
本发明组合物的油相可以包含一种或多种蜡、树胶或其混合物。蜡包括基于烃的蜡、氟蜡和/或硅氧烷蜡，并且可以来源于植物、矿物、动物和/或合成来源。合适的蜡包括蜂蜡、巴西棕榈蜡、小烛树蜡、石蜡、微晶蜡、地蜡；合成蜡包括聚乙烯蜡、含有C16-45的硅氧烷蜡。树胶一般为聚二甲基硅氧烷或羧甲基纤维素钠或多糖类，并且半固体物质一般为基于烃的化合物，如羊毛脂及其衍生物。
可以将本发明的组合物配制成任何合适的产品形式。这类产品形式包括，但不限于气溶胶型喷雾剂、霜剂、乳液、固体、液体、分散体、泡沫、凝胶、化妆水、摩丝、软膏、粉剂、贴剂、润发油、溶液、手按泵型喷雾剂、棒状物、面膜和湿纸巾。可以将本发明的组合物通过本领域众所周知的各种方法便利地用于制备或作为化妆品、皮肤病学或药物局部施用产品。
本发明的皮肤外用剂组合物可以包括一种或多种下列成分：抗过敏剂、抗微生物剂、抗氧化剂、螯合剂、着色剂去色素剂、润肤剂、乳化剂、表皮脱落剂、成膜剂、香料、保湿剂、昆虫驱避剂、润滑剂、药物活性剂、增湿剂、耐光剂、防腐剂、护肤剂、皮肤渗透增强剂、防晒剂、稳定剂、表面活性剂、增稠剂、粘度调节剂、维生素或其任意组合。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
本发明中，作为瑞香科(THYMELAEACEAE)结香属(EdgeworthiaMeisn.)的植物，特别优选滇结香(Edgeworthiagardneri)的花蕾绿萝花进行绿萝花多糖保湿、抗氧化功效的研究和应用。
绿萝花多糖的制备
实施例1：将50g绿萝花粉碎后，加入去离子水(固液比为1：5，即50g绿萝花：250mL去离子水)，在60-95℃(优选为95℃)搅拌提取2次，然后过滤，将滤液的溶剂减压浓缩至50ml，冷却后加入3倍体积的95％乙醇沉淀过夜，过滤后用95％乙醇(可以选择无水乙醇、乙醚、丙酮等任意一种溶剂，优选为95％乙醇)洗涤滤渣，真空干燥，得到绿萝花多糖A1.33g。
实施例2：将50g绿萝花粉碎后，加入去离子水(固液比为1：20)，在60-95℃(优选为95℃)搅拌提取2次，然后过滤，将滤液的溶剂减压浓缩至50ml，冷却后加入3倍体积的95％乙醇沉淀过夜，过滤后用95％乙醇洗涤滤渣，真空干燥，得到绿萝花多糖B2.92g。
实施例3：将50g绿萝花粉碎后，加入去离子水(固液比为1：50)，在60-95℃(优选为95℃)搅拌提取2次，然后过滤，将滤液的溶剂减压浓缩至50ml，冷却后加入3倍体积的95％乙醇沉淀过夜，过滤后用95％乙醇洗涤滤渣，真空干燥，得到绿萝花多糖C3.15g。
实施例4：绿萝花多糖含量的检测
取上述实施例1、2、3分别制备的多糖，采用硫酸苯酚法进行总多糖含量测定。
检测步骤为：1)标准曲线制作取无水葡萄糖对照品适量，精密称重，加水制成每1ml含无水葡萄糖0.6mg的溶液。精密量取对照品溶液1.0ml、1.5ml、2.0ml、2.5ml、3.0ml，分别置50ml容量瓶中，加水至刻度，摇匀。精密量取上述对照品溶液2ml，置具塞试管中，分别加4％苯酚溶液1ml，混匀，迅速加入硫酸7.0ml，摇匀，于40℃水浴中保温30分钟，取出，置冰水浴中5分钟，取出，以相应试剂为空白，按照紫外-可见分光光度法，在490nm的波长处测定吸光度，以吸光度为纵坐标，浓度为横坐标，绘制标准曲线。
2)测定取绿萝花多糖样品约1g，精密称重，置50ml容量瓶中，并稀释至刻度，摇匀。精密量取2ml，照标准曲线制作的方法，自“加4％苯酚溶液1ml”起，依法测定吸光度，从标准曲线上读出供试品溶液中无水葡萄糖的重量(mg)。
测定结果显示绿萝花多糖A中总多糖含量为10％，绿萝花多糖B中总多糖含量为15％，绿萝花多糖C中总多糖含量为5％。
实施例5：绿萝花多糖的保湿活性测定
测试样品：分别取按照上述实施例1、2、3分别制备的多糖，用去离子水配制成5％(w/v)溶液。
对照样品：去离子水、5％甘油。
测试方法：用体外称重保湿法测定其保湿活性，选用同一规格的载玻片，在上面贴一层医用透气胶带，室温条件下吸取各测试样品50μL，均匀涂敷在透气胶带上，然后置于相对湿度为60％(醋酸钾饱和溶液)的干燥器中干燥，24小时后称量样品质量的减少，平行测定三次，取平均值，计算出样品的保湿率。
保湿率(％)＝放置24小时后的样品质量/放置前的样品质量×100％
测试结果如表1所示：
表1
| 样品名称 | 24小时保湿率(％) |
| 绿萝花多糖A水溶液 | 5.98 |
| 绿萝花多糖B水溶液 | 7.68 |
| 绿萝花多糖C水溶液 | 6.75 |
| 去离子水 | 1.48 |
| 5％甘油 | 5.11 |
由上表可见，绿萝花多糖在24小时内的保湿效果优于甘油，可以将绿萝花多糖配合在皮肤外用剂中，作为保持皮肤水分的保湿剂使用。
实施例6：绿萝花多糖的抗氧化活性测定
分别取按照实施例1、2、3中制备的绿萝花多糖，用DPPH法测定其清除自由基活性。测定步骤为：将绿萝花多糖分别用去离子水配制成水溶液，移取2mL于10mL具塞试管中，加人2mLDPPH乙醇溶液(2×10-4mol/L)，充分混匀，室温静置，30min后用分光光度计测定517nm波长的吸光度A517(以乙醇为参比)；同时测定2mLDPPH溶液与2mL乙醇混合后的吸光度Ac，以及2mL提取液与2mL乙醇溶液混合后的吸光度A0，平行测定三次，取平均值，根据以下公式计算自由基清除率。
自由基清除率＝(1-(A517-A0)/Ac)×100％。
计算结果如表2所示。
表2
由表2可知，绿萝花多糖具有较好的自由基清除作用，作为抗氧化剂是有效的。因此，可以将绿萝花多糖配合在皮肤外用剂中，作为防止肌肤老化、维持年轻健康的肌肤状态的抗氧化活性物使用。
实施例7：含有绿萝花多糖的皮肤外用剂
取按照实施例1、2或3中制备得到的绿萝花多糖，用于皮肤外用剂的制备。所述皮肤外用剂优选为化妆品组合物，例如化妆水、精华液、乳霜等。所述绿萝花多糖在皮肤外用剂中的重量百分比是0.001-20，优选5-20。以下是绿萝花多糖在皮肤外用剂中的具体应用的实施例。以下各表中“-”表示无添加。
实施例8：含有绿萝花多糖的化妆水
取按照实施例1制备的绿萝花多糖，用于制备具有保湿、抗氧化作用的化妆水，所述化妆水含有的组分如表3所示：
表3
实施例9：含有绿萝花多糖的精华液
取按照实施例2制备的绿萝花多糖，用于制备具有保湿、抗氧化作用的精华液，所述精华液含有的组分如表4所示：
表4
实施例10：含有绿萝花多糖的乳液/霜
取按照实施例3制备的绿萝花多糖，用于制备具有保湿、抗氧化作用的乳液/霜，所述乳液/霜含有的组分如表5所示：
表5
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种绿萝花多糖，其特征在于，所述绿萝花多糖中总多糖含量百分比为5-15。
2.如权利要求1所述的绿萝花多糖，其特征在于，通过以下方法制备：
将绿萝花粉碎后，加水提取，过滤，将滤液除去溶剂后浓缩，加入有机溶剂沉淀，过滤，滤渣用有机溶剂洗涤，干燥，得绿萝花多糖。
3.如权利要求2所述的绿萝花多糖，其特征在于，所述将绿萝花粉碎后，加入固液比为1:5-1:50的去离子水，在60-95℃搅拌提取2次；所述将滤液除去溶剂后浓缩后，在浓缩液中加入3倍体积的95%乙醇沉淀，过滤后，滤渣用95%乙醇洗涤，干燥，得绿萝花多糖。
4.如权利要求1-3任一所述的绿萝花多糖具有保湿作用。
5.如权利要求1-3任一所述的绿萝花多糖具有抗氧化作用。
6.一种含有绿萝花多糖作为有效成分的皮肤外用剂组合物。
7.如权利要求6所述的皮肤外用剂组合物，其特征在于，所述绿萝花多糖通过将绿萝花粉碎后，加水提取，过滤，将滤液除去溶剂后浓缩，加入有机溶剂沉淀，过滤，滤渣用有机溶剂洗涤，干燥后获得。
8.如权利要求7所述的皮肤外用剂组合物，其特征在于，所述绿萝花多糖通过将绿萝花粉碎后，加入固液比为1:5-1:50的去离子水，在60-95℃搅拌提取2次；所述将滤液除去溶剂后浓缩后，在浓缩液中加入3倍体积的95%乙醇沉淀，过滤后，滤渣用95%乙醇洗涤，干燥后获得。
9.如权利要求7或8所述的皮肤外用剂组合物，其特征在于，所述绿萝花多糖在皮肤外用剂组合物中的重量百分比是0.001-20。
10.如权利要求9所述的皮肤外用剂组合物，其特征在于，所述绿萝花多糖在皮肤外用剂组合物中的重量百分比是5-20。
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