CN105264386A - 浮动双风速计-桅杆和多普勒 - Google Patents
浮动双风速计-桅杆和多普勒 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种双浮动风速计的装置,其包括桅杆(1)、用于仪器的支撑臂(2)、檩条(3)、中央浮标(4)、连接梁(5)、边缘浮子(6)、浮标箍(7)、浮标-锚具连接器(8)、锚具箍(9)、锚具(10)、测风仪器A(11)、风速计基座的连接器梁B(12)、风仪器基座B(13)、测风仪器B(14)、所述边缘浮子的锚具(15)、所述边缘浮子的锚具与所述边缘浮子的连接(16)以及所述锚具与所述边缘浮子的连接器箍(17),可被置于较浅或较大的水深中,且可使用普通的风速计和多普勒风速计同时测量特征风的参数,由于组合作用而使风势(速度、方向、湍流)的测量扩展到比带有旋杯式风速计的所述桅杆的海拔更高的海拔。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种适合于在开放海域中的显著参考高度进行风速测量的浮动气象站,其是通过同时应用传统的桅杆风速仪(旋杯式风速计)和多普勒风速计而实现的。
背景技术
测量风的数据,如速度和方向且被置于地上的固定或旋转基座上或锚定至海的底部的装置是已知的。在其基座按浮动基座所采用的方式进行移动或摆动的情况下,这些装置无法测量风的速度。它们也是用于主要测量被安装在用于测量波浪的装置上的气象变量的浮动装置。这些装置在超过海平面5-10m的海拔上无法测量风的数据,且无法提供足以对海上风电园进行风资源评估的风的测量数据。
根据本发明的装置通过提供银行可接受的风的数据来矫正这个严重的缺陷。
发明内容
本发明的优点是其能够在浅水区域中距离海平面的高海拔处以及从平均海平面具有大深度的区域中测量风的速度。以这种方式,可获得关于浮动风力发电机的尺寸和风势的有用的风数据。
此外,桅杆和多普勒技术(如LiDAR)的组合提供了在LiDAR和桅杆的风速计数据之间进行关联的可能性。由于使桅杆(1)和带有仪器的仪器基座B(13)的角速度最小化,建筑结构浮力为风速测量提供了出色的稳定性和最佳的可靠性。角速度的减少是非常重要的,因为从风速计获得的数据无需进行校正或校正是最少的。在正常的操作条件下,建筑结构关于垂直轴线的角运动是最小的;这使得多普勒仪器的测量校正是不必要的。
根据附图1所示的浮动风速计包括:桅杆(1)、用于仪器的支撑臂(2)、檩条(3)、中央浮标(4)、连接梁(5)、边缘浮子(6)、浮标箍(7)、浮标-锚具连接器(8)、锚具箍(9)、浮子的锚具(10)、测风仪器A(11)、风速计基座的连接器梁B(12)、风仪器基座B(13)、测风仪器B(14)、边缘浮子的锚具(15)、边缘浮子的锚具与边缘浮子的连接(16)和锚具与边缘浮子的连接器箍(17)。
测风仪器(11)被附接至支撑臂(2),其依次被附接至桅杆(1)。桅杆(1)带有载荷(测量仪器和其自重)并将其传递至其支撑基座(4),并通过檩条(3)传递至边缘浮子(6)。檩条(3)被安装在边缘浮子(6)上,并作为桅杆(1)的弯曲力的阻力运行,从而产生桅杆(1)的较轻的建筑结构。浮子,包括中央浮子(4)以及边缘浮子(6)均通过梁(5)彼此连接,且作为集成的浮动建筑结构操作,其将桅杆重新定位至垂直位置。这些连接梁(5)至边缘浮子的数量相等,且其中的每一个均可以是独立的或具有被安装至中央浮子(4)的檩条。浮子(中央浮子和边缘浮子)是完全浸没的,且比对整个建筑结构施加浮力的水更轻。由于边缘浮子(6)的浮力,建筑结构的平衡是通过回复力矩而实现的。因此,建筑结构可较快地返回至垂直轴线(原始位置),其导致风速计的有限移动和更好的测量。旋转移动是通过边缘浮子的锚具进行限制的,建筑结构的浸没部分是在一个水平上的,在该水平上其保持不受到海平面(18)上波浪的影响。浮子(4)和(6)、桅杆(1)、檩条(3)、梁(5)、锚具(10)和(15)、浮子-锚具的连接(9和17)、干舷建筑结构以及建筑结构材料和其重量的几何数据组合确定了浮动的建筑结构的正常频率。该正常频率可根据安装该装置的位置的设计,即波浪和风的特征而发生变化。根据浮动的建筑结构的需求,边缘浮子(6)可以是三个或多个。
中央浮标(4)和边缘浮子(6)在其下部具有浮标箍(7),浮标锚具连接器(8)被系到浮标箍(7)上,且浮标箍(7)可完全或部分地由链条、绳索或任何其他合适的材料所组成,且可以是单个或双个以实现更大的安全性。该连接本质上将浮动建筑结构与锚具箍(9)连接起来,并最终与锚具(10)连接起来,这一方面防止浮动的建筑结构的移动超过一定限制,且在另一方面抵消了建筑结构的浮力。该锚具位于海的底部。剩余的锚具(15)以同样的方式与边缘浮子(6)连接起来,并防止建筑结构围绕垂直轴线旋转。
部件(1)、(2)、(3)和(5)、(12)和(13)可由金属(例如,钢、铝)或合成材料(塑料、碳纤维)制成。浮子(4)和(6)的部件可由金属、合成材料、混凝土或任何其他合适的材料(无论是空心的还是实心的)制成。为了确保其浮动能力,其可填充轻的材料,如木材、发泡聚氨酯、软木、发泡聚苯乙烯等。部件(7)、(9)和(17)是由金属制成的,部件(8)和(16)可完全或部分地由不同的合适材料制成,且部件(10)和(15)可由任何其他合适的材料(混凝土、金属等)制成。
测量仪器A,见图1中的(11),可采用任何适当的形式且使用任何合适的用于测量风的速度和方向的技术;测量仪器B,见图1中的(15),可以是用于风的速度和方向的测量仪器,其使用多普勒技术(LiDAR或SODAR),且可以是用于太阳辐射、湿度、温度、光伏电池的测量仪器,用于水平的测量仪器,用于信息传输的装置以及任何其他合适的测量仪器。
该装置能测量风的数据,如在距离海平面的高海拔和大深度处的风力和风向。也可放置其他气象仪器,如放在中央浮子或桅杆上,或放在用于仪器的支撑臂上或在测量仪器B的基座上。在极端天气和海况下,该装置提供了出色的稳定性并可同时使用传统的测风技术,如旋杯式风速计和遥感技术,如LiDAR和SODAR。这能够在不同的测风仪器之间进行校准和校正。该浮动双风速计也可作为桅杆风速计或作为不具有桅杆的多普勒测量仪器而操作。
权利要求书(按照条约第19条的修改)
修改后的权利要求书
于2014年8月8日(2014.08.08)由国际局接收新的权利要求书
1.一种双浮动风速计的装置,其包括桅杆(1)、用于仪器的支撑臂(2)、檩条(3)、中央浮标(4)、连接梁(5)、边缘浮子(6)、浮标箍(7)、浮标-锚具连接器(8)、锚具箍(9)、锚具(10)、测风仪器A(11)、风速计基座的连接器梁B(12)、风仪器基座B(13)、测风仪器B(14)、所述边缘浮子的锚具(15)、所述边缘浮子的锚具与所述边缘浮子的连接(16)以及所述锚具与所述边缘浮子的连接器箍(17),
其特征在于,
所述装置可被置于较浅或较大的水深中,且可使用普通的风速计和多普勒风速计同时测量特征风的参数,由于组合作用而使风势(速度、方向、湍流)的测量扩展到比带有旋杯式风速计的所述桅杆的海拔更高的海拔。
2.一种根据权利要求1所述的双浮动风速计的装置,
其特征在于,
所述中央浮子(4)和所述边缘浮子(6)位于水面以下。
3.一种根据权利要求1所述的双浮动风速计的装置,
其特征在于,
所述测风仪器A为被安装在所述桅杆上部的旋杯式风速计(11),且所述多普勒测风仪器B为被安装在所述桅杆下部的LiDAR或SODAR(14),从而可通过所述旋杯式风速计和所述多普勒风速计在相同的高度同时进行风势(速度、方向、湍流)的测量,进而提供所述多普勒风速计的准确和连续的校准,并因此提供更准确的测量。
Claims (3)
1.一种双浮动风速计的装置,其包括桅杆(1)、用于仪器的支撑臂(2)、檩条(3)、中央浮标(4)、连接梁(5)、边缘浮子(6)、浮标箍(7)、浮标-锚具连接器(8)、锚具箍(9)、锚具(10)、测风仪器A(11)、风速计基座的连接器梁B(12)、风仪器基座B(13)、测风仪器B(14)、所述边缘浮子的锚具(15)、所述边缘浮子的锚具与所述边缘浮子的连接(16)以及所述锚具与所述边缘浮子的连接器箍(17),
其特征在于,
所述装置可被置于较浅或较大的水深中,且可使用普通的风速计和多普勒风速计同时测量特征风的参数,由于组合作用而使风势(速度、方向、湍流)的测量扩展到比带有旋杯式风速计的所述桅杆的海拔更高的海拔。
2.一种根据权利要求1所述的双浮动风速计的装置,
其特征在于,
所述中央浮子(4)和所述边缘浮子(6)位于水面以下。
3.一种根据权利要求1所述的双浮动风速计的装置,
其特征在于,
所述测风仪器A为旋杯式风速计(11),且所述多普勒测风仪器B为LiDAR或SODAR(14)。
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CN110211317B (zh) * | 2019-04-17 | 2020-09-18 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | 一种水上近程安防系统及装置 |
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EP2972413A1 (en) | 2016-01-20 |
US20160018434A1 (en) | 2016-01-21 |
GR1008235B (el) | 2014-06-27 |
DK2972413T3 (en) | 2018-05-28 |
WO2014140653A1 (en) | 2014-09-18 |
EP2972413B1 (en) | 2018-04-11 |
KR20150127117A (ko) | 2015-11-16 |
PT2972413T (pt) | 2018-05-17 |
CN105264386B (zh) | 2019-03-22 |
JP6407172B2 (ja) | 2018-10-17 |
JP2016510875A (ja) | 2016-04-11 |
ES2669533T3 (es) | 2018-05-28 |
KR101809342B1 (ko) | 2017-12-14 |
US9891242B2 (en) | 2018-02-13 |
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