CN105259726B - The device and method of light field is tangled with the component of continuous wave laser generation multi-frequency point two - Google Patents
The device and method of light field is tangled with the component of continuous wave laser generation multi-frequency point two Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/35—Non-linear optics
- G02F1/3501—Constructional details or arrangements of non-linear optical devices, e.g. shape of non-linear crystals
- G02F1/3503—Structural association of optical elements, e.g. lenses, with the non-linear optical device
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Abstract
Quantum Entangled States light field is to carry out the valuable source of quantum accurate measurement and quantum information research, all it is widely used in many quantum information fields, such as quantum key distribution, quantum communication network, quantum cryptography communication, quantum teleportation and quantum calculation etc. have highly important value.Producing the experimental program of entangled at present is mostly at single frequency, or research is tangling for more component polychromes, is that a kind of more optical frequencies tangle light field.The invention provides a kind of device and method that light field is tangled with the component of continuous wave laser generation multi-frequency point two, this two component is tangled not only produce at zero-frequency and tangled, and can have many Frequency points to quantum entanglement characteristic simultaneously in high frequency treatment, it can so obtain the Entangled State of maximum.The features such as present invention is with its exclusive Quantum Properties multichannel, high efficiency, high channel capacity, it will be one of " resource " most important in quantum information field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to lightfield compression state and Entangled State field, is specially a kind of continuous wave laser generation multi-frequency point two
Component tangles the device and method of light field.
Background technology
Quantum Entangled States light field is to carry out the valuable source of quantum accurate measurement and quantum information research, is believed in many quantum
Breath field is all widely used, such as quantum key distribution, the preparation of the more component entangleds of continuous variable, quantum communications net
Network, quantum cryptography communication, quantum teleportation and quantum calculation etc. have highly important value.Entangled State is produced at present
The experimental program of light field is mostly at single frequency section, that is, is the tangling within chamber bandwidth centered on optical frequency, or
Person's research is tangling for more component polychromes, is that a kind of more optical frequencies tangle light field, i.e., is coupled, cascaded using beam splitter
Journey, series connection, the method for optics cavity in parallel realize that three to eight components tangle by optical parameter process.Above-mentioned technology is in quantum information
Application field also has certain limitation.Constrain the practical application of this technology.Tangling for single frequency point can cause quantum
Communication and quantum information channel quantity are few, and channel capacity is small.The more components of polychrome tangle can be by low in the long range transmission of reality
The limitation of optical fiber is damaged, and its quantity is difficult to produce practical quantum information network.
The content of the invention
The present invention is single frequency to solve the experimental program for producing compression at present and tangling, or research is more
Component tangles, and causes lightfield compression state and Entangled State to also have the technical problem of certain limitation in quantum information application field,
A kind of device and method that light field is tangled with the component of continuous wave laser generation multi-frequency point two is provided.
It is of the present invention it is a kind of with continuous wave laser produce the component of multi-frequency point two tangle light field device be use with
What lower technical scheme was realized：A kind of device that light field is tangled with the component of continuous wave laser generation multi-frequency point two；The multifrequency is entangled
Twine generator include input coupling lens, output coupling lens, be located between input coupling lens and output coupling lens two
Rank nonlinear crystal and PBS prisms, PBS prisms are located on the emitting light path of output coupling lens；The second nonlinear is brilliant
The primary optical axis that body and output coupling lens can tangle generator along multifrequency moves.
A kind of method that light field is tangled with the component of continuous wave laser generation multi-frequency point two of the present invention is using such as
What lower technical scheme was realized：A kind of method for tangling light field with the component of continuous wave laser generation multi-frequency point two, including following step
Suddenly：(a) a branch of continuous wave laser is tangled into generator by input coupling lens input multifrequency, continuous wave laser is in second nonlinear
Exported in crystal after two quasi-nonlinear optical parameter processes by output coupling lens, obtain the light field of multiple Frequency points；(b)
The light field of multiple frequencies of outgoing is obtained 2 components of multi-frequency in the transmission end and reflection end of PBS prisms and entangled by PBS prisms
Twine light field.
A branch of continuous wave laser input input coupling lens of the present invention, second order nonlinear crystal and output coupling is saturating
Microscope group into hysteroscope in two quasi-nonlinear optical parameter processes can occur.It is two quasi-nonlinear optical parameter processes as described in Figure 1
Schematic diagram, wherein a0,b1,b2It is to input mould, a1,a2It is inner chamber mould,It is output coupling mould；Interacted in hysteroscope
Hamiltonian be：
χ in formula(2)For Non-linear coupling parameter (i.e. second order nonlinear coefficient), by second order nonlinear crystal material and
Determined with properties such as modes；RespectivelyCreation operator and annihilations operator.
In the ideal case, i.e., perfect phase matched and during without off resonance, Heisenberg's equation in quantum mechanicsThe equation of motion that signal light field and idle light field can be obtained is：
For ease of calculating, by second nonlinear constant χ(2)With the orthogonal mode α of pump field0χ is merged into, 1 and 2 represent respectively
Flashlight and idle light.Assuming that the rate of decay of this two light field is identical, i.e. k1=k2=k, it can be deduced that light fieldIn multifrequency
Equation after tangling generator intracavity round trip once:
τ is that light field can be expressed as average value under steady state conditions, a reactor in the multifrequency device cavity circulation time of one week, field operator
With the form of quantum fluctuation sum, i.e.,αiForAverage value, substitute into equation (4), (5) can obtain operator
The equation of fluctuating：
By equation (6), (7) pass through Fourier transform formAfterwards may be used
：
By calculating (8) and (9) formula, it can obtain multifrequency and tangle the fluctuating of generator inner chamber field and be:
According to the boundary condition of quadrature component undulation in frequency domain:Wherein k is total declines
The rate of deceleration, it is as caused by the loss of interior cavity loss and output coupling mirror.(10) and (11) formula is substituted into boundary condition, calculates it
Multifrequency can be obtained afterwards tangles the signal light field of generator output and orthogonal amplitude and the orthogonal position phase of idle light field:
Definition input and the fluctuating of the orthogonal amplitude and orthogonal position phase of output beam are:
Pass through formulaOutput light field orthogonal amplitude can be obtained
With the variance of orthogonal position phase:
Subscript " in " in formula and " " out " represent input light field and output light field respectively, "+" and "-" represent orthogonal respectively
Amplitude and orthogonal position phase, subscript " 1 " and " 2 " difference representation signal light and idle light.The theoretical calculation of (15) and (16) formula of utilization
As a result, it can show that multifrequency tangles the orthogonal of signal light field caused by generator and idle light field in mathematica programs
The single armed noise spectrum of the either idle light field of the noise spectrum of amplitude and orthogonal position phase, i.e. signal light field, the result obtained by them are
Identical.As shown in Figure 2,3.The frequency of abscissa " ω " representative generation light field in Fig. 2, ordinate "" represent
The signal light field of output and the orthogonal amplitude of idle light field and orthogonal position phase, subscript "+,-" represent orthogonal amplitude and orthogonal respectively
Position phase, subscript " 1,2 " difference representation signal light and idle light.Fig. 2 be signal light field and the multiple Frequency points of idle light field (ω=
ω0, ω0± FSR, ω0± 2FSR, ω0± 3FSR, ω0± 4FSR, ω0± 5FSR) noise spectrum, illustrating signal light field just
It is identical to hand over the noise spectrum result of amplitude and orthogonal position phase, the orthogonal amplitude of idle light field and orthogonal position phase.Fig. 3 is that frequency is
ω0Place noise spectrum figure amplification show, in actual figure 2 above at arbitrary frequency point noise spectrum enlarged drawing all with frequency in ω0Place's amplification
Noise spectrum enlarged drawing result it is identical.
The mutually corresponding each pair Frequency point of two beam single armed light fields all has quantum entanglement characteristic.As shown in figure 4, signal light field
Orthogonal amplitude and idle light field orthogonal amplitude it is interrelated, the orthogonal position phase of signal light field and the orthogonal position phase of idle light field
Interrelated, i.e. two-beam field each pair Frequency point mutually tangles, and the correlated noise of gained is less than shot noise limit.Such as Fig. 3 institutes
Show.
The single armed noise spectrum of Fig. 4 top half representation signal light field, the latter half represent the single armed noise of idle light field
Spectrum, by the middle symbol for being similar to " 8 ", (symbol of " 8 " is will to carry out coupling by the two-beam after PBS prisms for two-beam field
Close) represent mutual Quantum Correlation, that is, produce two components that multi-frequency point tangles and tangle light field.
Consider the orthogonal amplitude of two output light fields and Quantum Correlation (the i.e. orthogonal amplitude sum and orthogonal of orthogonal position phase variance
The difference of position phase), it can be drawn using equation (14)：
The equation left side "" subscript "+" represent orthogonal amplitude, subscript " 1out+2out " representation signal light and idle
The orthogonal amplitude sum of light, "" subscript "-" represent orthogonal position phase, subscript " 1out-2out " representation signal light and spare time
Put the difference of the orthogonal position phase of light, i.e., correlated noise at 2 component light field multi-frequency points spectrum, using formula (17) and (18),
It is fitted in mathematica softwares, the orthogonal amplitude of multiple Frequency points and the correlated noise spectrum of orthogonal position phase variance can be obtained,
Two-beam field is ω in frequency as shown in each figures of Fig. 5~Fig. 80, ω0± FSR, ω0± 2FSR, ω0± 3FSR, ω0± 4FSR,
ω0Quantum Correlation at ± 5FSR be present, the correlated noise of two quadrature components is below shot noise limit.According to van
The inseparability criterion that Loock-Furusawa is proposed, δ2(X1+X2) ＜ SNL, δ2(Y1+Y2) ＜ SNL,Really multi-frequency point quantum entanglement between explainable two component light fields be present, SNL represents to dissipate
Grain noise floor.
Ordinate is composed for the correlated noise of signal light field and idle light field variance in Fig. 5, Fig. 7, in Fig. 5It is
The orthogonal amplitude sum of signal light field and idle light field, in Fig. 7It is the orthogonal position of signal light field and idle light field
The difference of phase；Ordinate is that signal light field and idle light field variance in frequency are ω in Fig. 6, Fig. 80Locate the amplification details of correlated noise
It has been shown that, in Fig. 6Be the orthogonal amplitude sum noise of signal light field and idle light field at zero frequency amplification it is thin
Section is shown, in Fig. 8Be the difference noise of the orthogonal position phase of signal light field and idle light field at zero-frequency amplification it is thin
Section display.It is ω actually in frequency0± FSR, ω0± 2FSR, ω0± 3FSR, ω0± 4FSR, ω0The pass amplified at ± 5FSR
Join noise spectrum result all with frequency in ω0The correlated noise spectrum of place's amplification is identical.
Further, the free spectral range of generator is tangled by the coupling bandwidth and multifrequency that adjust second order nonlinear crystal
Ratio can control the Frequency point number of output light field；The free spectral range that the multifrequency tangles generator is true by following formula
It is fixed：c/2Lcavity, LcavityFor hysteroscope length namely the spacing of input coupling lens and output coupling lens；Second nonlinear is brilliant
The coupling bandwidth of body is determined by following formula：10c/Lcrystal, wherein LcrystalFor the length of second order nonlinear crystal；The second order is non-
The ratio for the free spectral range that the coupling bandwidth of linear crystal tangles generator with multifrequency is e, then multifrequency, which tangles generator, can produce e
+ 1 Frequency point.
The invention also provides a kind of method for the output light field Frequency point quantity that can obtain determination, and give above-mentioned
Concrete implementation method so that the present invention can more be widely used in reality.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：Tangling for existing single frequency is in analysis frequencies omega0Produce and tangle at=0, and
And tangling at zero-frequency easily is made to tangle decrease by the influence of laser technology noise.And our multifrequency is tangled and not only may be used
Tangled with being produced at zero-frequency, and can be in high frequency treatment, such as FSR, 2FSR, 3FSR, many is produced simultaneously at 4FSR.......
The light field tangled.
" multifrequency tangles generator " can utilize continuous wave laser to produce the light field that multiple Frequency points tangle, this to utilize company
Continuous ripple laser produces the proposition that the component of multi-frequency point two tangles light field method, distributes for multichannel quantum key, multimode is parallel
Quantum information processing, multi-party optimal Quantum Cloning state and quantum field of storage etc., be all very valuable unique quantum
Information resources, help to promote the further development in quantum information field.
Brief description of the drawings
The quasi-nonlinear optical parameter process schematics of Fig. 1 bis-.
Fig. 2 is the noise spectrum of signal light field and the multiple Frequency points of idle light field.
Fig. 3 is that frequency is ω0Locate the amplification display figure of noise spectrum figure.
The single armed noise spectrum of signal light field and idle light field caused by Fig. 4 devices of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the orthogonal amplitude sum schematic diagram of the signal light field and idle light field under multiple Frequency points.
Fig. 6 is the amplification details display figure of the orthogonal amplitude sum noise of signal light field and idle light field at zero frequency.
Fig. 7 is that the differential of the orthogonal position phase of the signal light field and idle light field under multiple Frequency points is intended to.
Fig. 8 is the amplification details display figure of the difference noise of the orthogonal position phase of signal light field and idle light field at zero-frequency.
The structural representation of Fig. 9 devices of the present invention.
Figure 10 the method for the invention produces the schematic diagram of 61 Frequency points.
Figure 11 the method for the invention produces the schematic diagram of 31 Frequency points.
In figure, 1- input coupling lens, 2- second order nonlinear crystals, 3- output coupling lens, 4-PBS prisms.
Embodiment
The second order nonlinear crystal 2 and output coupling lens 3 are installed on precise controlling translation stage.So it is easy to adjust
The movement of the two is saved, to realize the output of multiple Frequency point light fields.
Optical cavity length is 3cm-6cm, i.e., chamber length can move realization by automatically controlled output coupling lens 3, scope be 0-30mm,
A length of 2 ± the 0.2cm of second order nonlinear crystal of intracavitary, crystal can by electronic control translation stage move 1.5cm, and its position will with it is defeated
Go out coupled lens 3 to match.
What continuous wave laser caused two component after " multifrequency tangles generator " tangled light field tangles Frequency point number
Phase matched bandwidth and multifrequency depending on crystal tangle the free spectral range of generator, and the effect that multifrequency tangles generator is to increase
Add non-linear process, also result in the spectral filtering of two component output light fields of lower conversion.
Assuming that the II type-Ⅱphase matching bandwidth of crystal is 30-60 times of the free spectral range (FSR) of chamber, output coupling mirror
Transmissivity t=5%, when mobile output coupling mirror makes the long L of chambercavity=6cm, according to c/2LcavityIt is available from by spectral regions (FSR)
For 2.5GHz when, the long L of crystalcrystal=2cm, according to 10c/LcrystalThe a width of 150GHz of phase matched band of crystal can be obtained, now
The coupling bandwidth of crystal is 60 times of the FSR of chamber, and the number that can produce Frequency point is 61, respectively ω0, ω0± FSR, ω0
± 2FSR, ω0±3FSR……ω0± 30FSR, as shown in Figure 10.
Figure 10：Abscissa represents frequency, is from left to right followed successively by ω0- 30FSR, ω0- 25FSR, ω0- 20FSR, ω0-
15FSR, ω0- 10FSR, ω0- 10FSR, ω0- 5FSR, ω0, ω0+ 5FSR, ω0+ 10FSR, ω0+ 15FSR, ω0+ 20FSR,
ω0+ 25FSR, ω0Totally 61 Frequency points, ordinate are orthogonal amplitude and the orthogonal position phase of flashlight or idle light to+30FSR.
When mobile output coupling mirror makes the long L of chambercavity=3cm, according to c/2LcavityBe available from be by spectral regions (FSR)
During 5GHz, the long L of crystalcrystal=2cm, according to 10c/LcrystalThe a width of 150GHz of phase matched band of crystal can be obtained, now crystal
Coupling bandwidth be 30 times of FSR of chamber, the number that can produce Frequency point is 31, respectively ω0, ω0± FSR, ω0±
2FSR, ω0±3FSR……ω0± 15FSR, as shown in figure 11：
Figure 11：Abscissa represents frequency, is from left to right followed successively by ω0- 15FSR, ω0- 10FSR, ω0- 5FSR, ω0, ω0+
5FSR, ω0+ 10FSR, ω0+ 15FSR, totally 31 Frequency points, ordinate are the orthogonal amplitude of flashlight or idle light and orthogonal
Position phase.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of device that light field is tangled with the component of continuous wave laser generation multi-frequency point two, it is characterised in that tangled including multifrequency
Generator；The multifrequency, which tangles generator, to be included input coupling lens (1), output coupling lens (3), is located at input coupling lens
(1) second order nonlinear crystal (2) and PBS prisms (4) between output coupling lens (3), the PBS prisms (4) are located at
On the emitting light path of output coupling lens (3)；The second order nonlinear crystal (2) and output coupling lens (3) can be along multifrequencies
Tangle the primary optical axis movement of generator.
2. tangling the device of light field with the component of continuous wave laser generation multi-frequency point two as claimed in claim 1, its feature exists
In second order nonlinear crystal (2) and output coupling lens (3) are installed on precise electric control translation stage.
A kind of 3. method for tangling light field with the component of continuous wave laser generation multi-frequency point two, using as claimed in claim 1
Device, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：(a) a branch of continuous wave laser is tangled by input coupling lens (1) input multifrequency
Generator, continuous wave laser is in second order nonlinear crystal (2) by output coupling after two quasi-nonlinear optical parameter processes
Lens (3) export, and obtain the light field of multiple Frequency points；(b) light field of multiple Frequency points is coupled by PBS prisms (4), in PBS
The transmission end and reflection end of prism (4) obtain 2 components of multi-frequency and tangle light field.
4. the method for tangling light field with the component of continuous wave laser generation multi-frequency point two as claimed in claim 3, its feature exist
In the ratio for the free spectral range for tangling generator by adjusting the coupling bandwidth of second order nonlinear crystal (2) and multifrequency can be with
Control the Frequency point number of output light field；The free spectral range that the multifrequency tangles generator is determined by following formula：c/2Lcavity,
LcavityFor hysteroscope length namely the spacing of input coupling lens (1) and output coupling lens (3)；Second order nonlinear crystal (2)
Coupling bandwidth is determined by following formula：10c/Lcrystal, wherein LcrystalFor the length of second order nonlinear crystal (2)；The second order non-linear
Property crystal (2) the ratio of coupling bandwidth and the multifrequency free spectral range that tangles generator be e, then multifrequency is tangled generator and can produced
E+1 Frequency point；C is the light velocity in above-mentioned formula.
5. the method for tangling light field with the component of continuous wave laser generation multi-frequency point two as claimed in claim 4, its feature exist
In hysteroscope length adjusting range is 3cm-6cm, i.e., hysteroscope length can be realized by automatically controlled output coupling lens (3) are mobile, export coupling
It is 0-30mm to close the mobile scope of lens (3), second order nonlinear crystal (2) a length of 2 ± 0.2cm of intracavitary, second nonlinear crystalline substance
Body (2) may move 1.5cm, and its position will match with output coupling lens (3).
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2012004956A (en) * | 2010-06-18 | 2012-01-05 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Quantum communication system |
| CN102354074A (en) * | 2011-09-01 | 2012-02-15 | 山西大学 | Two-tone tunable continuous variable entanglement state generation and detection device |
| CN102436117A (en) * | 2011-10-14 | 2012-05-02 | 山西大学 | Generation device for continuous variable quantum entanglement source |
| CN102707540A (en) * | 2012-06-06 | 2012-10-03 | 山西大学 | Continuous variable entanglement generation device and method |
| CN103149773A (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2013-06-12 | 山西大学 | Device and method for automatically adjusting classical gain in continuous variable quantum entanglement source |
| CN104965373A (en) * | 2015-07-20 | 2015-10-07 | 中国科学技术大学 | Novel non-degeneration narrow-band entanglement source |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012004956A (en) * | 2010-06-18 | 2012-01-05 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Quantum communication system |
| CN102354074A (en) * | 2011-09-01 | 2012-02-15 | 山西大学 | Two-tone tunable continuous variable entanglement state generation and detection device |
| CN102436117A (en) * | 2011-10-14 | 2012-05-02 | 山西大学 | Generation device for continuous variable quantum entanglement source |
| CN102707540A (en) * | 2012-06-06 | 2012-10-03 | 山西大学 | Continuous variable entanglement generation device and method |
| CN103149773A (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2013-06-12 | 山西大学 | Device and method for automatically adjusting classical gain in continuous variable quantum entanglement source |
| CN104965373A (en) * | 2015-07-20 | 2015-10-07 | 中国科学技术大学 | Novel non-degeneration narrow-band entanglement source |
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