CN108828872A - A kind of production method and device of short wavelength's entangled - Google Patents
A kind of production method and device of short wavelength's entangled Download PDFInfo
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- CN108828872A CN108828872A CN201810535510.7A CN201810535510A CN108828872A CN 108828872 A CN108828872 A CN 108828872A CN 201810535510 A CN201810535510 A CN 201810535510A CN 108828872 A CN108828872 A CN 108828872A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/35—Non-linear optics
- G02F1/37—Non-linear optics for second-harmonic generation
Abstract
The invention belongs to quantum communications fields, and in particular to a kind of production method and device of short wavelength's entangled.This method includes:It is ω by frequency0Pump light to impinge perpendicularly on OPO intracavitary, parametric down conversion occurs by OPO chamber, generates and output frequency is ω respectively OPO is intracavitary1And ω2Twin photon pairs a1And a2;The frequency for making the intracavitary generation of OPO is respectively ω1And ω2Twin photon pairs a1And a2It is respectively perpendicular as pump field and is incident on the first SHG frequency doubling cavity and the 2nd SHG frequency doubling cavity;Twin photon pairs a1And a2Frequency multiplication is carried out in the first SHG frequency doubling cavity and the 2nd SHG frequency doubling cavity respectively, generates respectively and output frequency is 2 ω1With 2 ω2Photon to a5And a6, a5And a6As short wavelength's entangled.The present invention can produce the Entangled State of short wavelength, can be widely applied to quantum communications field.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to quantum communications fields, and in particular to a kind of production method and device of short wavelength's entangled.
Background technique
Short-wavelength light field energy realizes narrow beam, provides high precision and good resolving power in object tracking and recognition,
Detection accuracy and tracking ability can be improved, does not occur serious noise jamming, therefore short wave channel has good application prospect.Amount
Sub- entangled is the valuable source for carrying out quantum accurate measurement and quantum information research, is had in many quantum information fields
It is widely applied, such as quantum key distribution, quantum communication network, quantum cryptography communication, quantum teleportation and quantum calculation etc.
Aspect has highly important value.Generating the experimental program of entangled at present is mostly Huo Zheyan at single frequency
What is studied carefully is tangling for multiple groups part polychrome, is that a kind of more optical frequencies tangle light field, i.e., using beam splitter coupling, cascade process,
The method of series connection, optics cavity in parallel realizes that three to eight components tangle by optical parameter process.We devise a kind of generation two
The method that component tangles light field, conversion is the process that a high frequency photon is converted to two low frequency photons under optical parameter, is generated
Two photons become twin photon pairs, have stronger relevance, using Entangled State light available in this way after frequency doubling cavity
?.We theoretically analyze and are prepared for short wavelength and be spatially separating two component of continuous variable to tangle light field.Optical parameter amplification
Device is to prepare one of mature device of non-classical optical state.The inseparable criterion of light field finally is tangled using two components, verifies theirs
Quantum Correlation characteristic.The features such as short wave channel is with its exclusive Quantum Properties multichannel, high efficiency, high channel capacity, Wo Menxiang
Believe that two components tangle the research of light field and will be one of " resource " most important in short wave channel.
Summary of the invention
The present invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art, and technical problem to be solved is:A kind of short wavelength is provided to tangle
The production method and device of state light field.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:A kind of production of short wavelength's entangled
Generation method includes the following steps:
S1, by frequency be ω0Pump light impinge perpendicularly on that OPO is intracavitary, join by the intracavitary nonlinear crystal of OPO
The lower conversion of amount is ω in the intracavitary simultaneously output frequency that generates of OPO respectively1And ω2Twin photon pairs a1And a2;Wherein, ω0=ω1+
ω2
S2, the frequency for making the intracavitary generation of OPO are respectively ω1And ω2Twin photon pairs a1And a2It is respectively perpendicular and is incident on
One SHG frequency doubling cavity and the 2nd SHG frequency doubling cavity, the pump field as the first SHG frequency doubling cavity and the 2nd SHG frequency doubling cavity;
S3, twin photon pairs a1And a2The first frequency-doubling crystal and the 2nd SHG frequency doubling cavity in the first SHG frequency doubling cavity respectively
The second frequency-doubling crystal frequency multiplication effect under, respectively generate and output frequency be 2 ω1With 2 ω2Photon to a5And a6, a5
And a6As short wavelength's entangled.
The present invention also provides a kind of generation devices of short wavelength's entangled, including:Laser field, OPO chamber, first
SHG frequency doubling cavity and the 2nd SHG frequency doubling cavity, the OPO is intracavitary to be provided with nonlinear crystal, and the laser field is for issuing frequency
ω0Laser, the laser that the OPO chamber is used to that the laser field to be made to issue occurs parametric down conversion and generates and output frequency difference
For for ω1And ω2Twin photon pairs a1And a2;Is respectively arranged in the first SHG frequency doubling cavity and the 2nd SHG frequency doubling cavity
One frequency-doubling crystal and the second frequency-doubling crystal, the first SHG frequency doubling cavity and the 2nd SHG frequency doubling cavity are defeated from the OPO chamber for making
Frequency out is ω1And ω2Photon to frequency multiplication respectively, and exporting flat rate is 2 ω1With 2 ω2Entangled photon pairs a5And a6。
A kind of generation device of short wavelength's entangled further includes the first reflecting mirror and the second reflecting mirror, institute
It states the first reflecting mirror and the second reflecting mirror is respectively used to make the twin photon pairs a of the OPO chamber output1And a2It is respectively perpendicular incidence
To the first SHG frequency doubling cavity and the 2nd SHG frequency doubling cavity.
The present invention has the advantages that compared with prior art:The present invention is obtained by carrying out parametric down conversion to light field
To photon to rear, then it can not only make the light field generated that there is short wavelength, but also produce to frequency multiplication respectively is carried out obtained photon
It is raw that there is strongly connected two-photon entanglement, i.e., it can make light field that there is better Entanglement by frequency multiplication process, future is measured
Son storage, short wave channel, spectral measurement, opctical frequency standard etc. have practical value.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the generation device of short wavelength's entangled of the invention;
Fig. 2 is change curve of the quantum noise correlation spectrum of the invention that tangle light field generated with pump parametric σ;
Fig. 3 is change curve of the quantum noise correlation spectrum of the invention that tangle light field generated with normalized frequency Ω;
In figure:1 is OPO chamber, and 2 be the first SHG frequency doubling cavity, and 3 be the 2nd SHG frequency doubling cavity, and 4 be nonlinear crystal, and 5 be first
Frequency-doubling crystal, 6 be the second frequency-doubling crystal, and 7 be laser field, and 8 be the first reflecting mirror, and 9 be the second reflecting mirror.
Specific embodiment
It in order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below will be in the embodiment of the present invention
Technical solution be clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is a part of the embodiments of the present invention, without
It is whole embodiments;Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not before making creative work
Every other embodiment obtained is put, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, including the following steps the present invention provides a kind of production method of short wavelength's entangled:
S1, by frequency be ω0Pump light impinge perpendicularly in OPO chamber 1, by OPO chamber 1 nonlinear crystal 4 send out
Raw parametric down conversion, generates in OPO chamber 1 and output frequency is ω respectively1And ω2Twin photon pairs a1And a2;Wherein, ω0
=ω1+ω2。
S2, the frequency generated in OPO chamber 1 is made to be respectively ω1And ω2Twin photon pairs a1And a2It is respectively perpendicular and is incident on
First SHG frequency doubling cavity 2 and the 2nd SHG frequency doubling cavity 3, the pump field as the first SHG frequency doubling cavity 2 and the 2nd SHG frequency doubling cavity 3;
S3, twin photon pairs a1And a2The first frequency-doubling crystal 5 and the 2nd SHG frequency multiplication in the first SHG frequency doubling cavity 2 respectively
Under the frequency multiplication effect of second frequency-doubling crystal 6 of chamber 3, generates respectively and output frequency is 2 ω1With 2 ω2Photon to a5And a6, institute
State a5And a6As short wavelength's entangled.
In addition, the embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of generation devices of short wavelength's entangled, including:Laser field 7,
OPO chamber 1, the first SHG frequency doubling cavity 2 and the 2nd SHG frequency doubling cavity 3 are provided with nonlinear crystal 4, the laser in the OPO chamber 1
Field 7 is ω for issuing frequency0Laser, parametric down conversion occurs for the laser that the OPO chamber 1 is used to that the laser field to be made to issue
It generates and output frequency is for ω respectively1And ω2Twin photon pairs a1And a2;The first SHG frequency doubling cavity 2 and the 2nd SHG times
The first frequency-doubling crystal 5 and the second frequency-doubling crystal 6, the first SHG frequency doubling cavity 2 and the 2nd SHG frequency multiplication are respectively arranged in frequency chamber 3
Chamber is used for the frequency ω for making to export from the OPO chamber 11And ω2Photon to frequency multiplication respectively, and exporting flat rate is 2 ω1With 2
ω2Entangled photon pairs a5And a6。
Further, the generation device of a kind of short wavelength's entangled of the present embodiment further includes 8 He of the first reflecting mirror
Second reflecting mirror 9, first reflecting mirror 8 and the second reflecting mirror 9 are respectively used to the twin photon pairs for exporting the OPO chamber 1
a1And a2It is respectively perpendicular and is incident on the first SHG frequency doubling cavity 2 and the 2nd SHG frequency doubling cavity 3.
The principle for generating entangled to the present invention below is illustrated.
As shown in fig. 1, frequency ω0Pump light impinge perpendicularly in OPO chamber 1, by nonlinear crystal 4 occur parameter
Lower conversion generates a pair of of twin photon pairs a in OPO chamber 11And a2, frequency is respectively ω1And ω2.It is exported out of OPO chamber 1
Signal light field and idle light field respectively as the first SHG frequency doubling cavity 2 and the 2nd SHG frequency doubling cavity 3 pump field, i.e.,It impinges perpendicularly in the first SHG frequency doubling cavity 2 and the 2nd SHG frequency doubling cavity 3, is respectively produced by SHG process
Raw harmonic fields output fieldWithNon-linear process all meets conservation of energy condition, i.e. ω0=ω1+ω2,ω3=ω1,
ω4=ω2,ω5=2 ω3,ω6=2 ω4。
The Hamiltonian of OPO process can be written as:
The Hamiltonian of frequency multiplication procedures system can be written as:
WithThe respectively generation of inner cavity and annihilations operator, corresponding frequency are ωi(i=0,1,2,3,4,5,6),
Meet conservation of energy ω0=ω1+ω2,ω1=ω3,ω2=ω4,ω5=2 ω3,ω6=2 ω4。χ(2)And Ki(i=1,2) divide
Conversion process and effective second nonlinear coupling parameter Wei not descended.
In the ideal case, i.e., perfect phase matched and without it is detuning when, according to Heisenberg's equation in quantum mechanicsThe equation of motion, which can be obtained, is:
In formula (4), τ=2L/c (L is effective cavity length, and c is the spread speed of light in a vacuum) is optical mode in cavity circulation
The one week time, it is assumed that the circulation time of all cavity molds is identical.To be lost caused by input and output,It makes an uproar for additional vacuum
Sound, indicate due to the absorption, scattering and plated film of crystal it is imperfect caused by.For
Facilitate calculating, it is assumed that:In order to analyze each mould it
Between quantum Entanglement, need to calculate the steady state solution of Langevin equation.Cast out all fluctuating item and associations, enables in formula (4)
Left side of the equal sign is zero.During DOPO and SHG, the only input field of pump fieldAverage value be not 0, and
The pumping input field of frequency doubling cavity is identical as the lower conversion average value of output field, andThe stable state of each mould
Equation is:
Wherein, αiIt (i=0,1,2,3,4,5,6) is respectively inner cavityAverage value, be reality
Number.
Definition normalization pump parametricWhereina0 inTo pump input item;a0th inPump
Pu threshold value input item;γi(i=1,2,3,4,5,6) indicate the total losses of each mould;γb0The input and output of pump field are lost;χ(2)
Indicate the second order nonlinear coefficient of crystal.
More than threshold value (σ >=1), the steady state solution of system are:
Wherein,
The Entanglement of Gauss state is embodied by the covariance matrix (second order amount) of Gauss state.We enable
(i=0,1,2,3,4,5,6),Here αiThe average value of cavity mold in indicating,Indicate rising for corresponding mode
Fu Liang, the relief volume of injection field and the relief volume of vacuum field are identical.Quantum fluctuation is substituted into Lang Zhiwan near steady state solution by us
Equation, the equation of motion that progress Fourier transformation after equation linearization process is obtained each mould relief volume are as follows:
More than threshold value, in order to analyze the Entanglement between each mould, need to find out the orthogonal amplitude of each mould
With orthogonal position phaseBetween association, whereinObtain orthogonal point of seven interior cavity molds
Amount, is expressed as follows with matrix:
Wherein the expression formula of coefficient matrix is:
Using the boundary condition of system, (i=0,1,2,3,4,5,6).Our available each output fields it is orthogonal
Component rises and falls.
Two component Entanglement of continuous variable can be indicated by the fluctuating of output field quadrature component.In order to prove to tangle
Presence, using binary states inseparability criterion, acquired results are as follows:
Wherein S1,2And S5,6Indicate the Quantum Correlation noise spectrum of output field, Xi outAnd Yi out(i=1,2,5,6) respectively defeated
The orthogonal amplitude of appearance and orthogonal position phase.
Under the conditions of experiment parameter is feasible, the value of parameter is respectively γ0=0.05,
γ1=γ2=0.02,γ3=γ4=0.04, γ5=γ6=0.03,τ=1, χ0=1, K1=K2=3.
As shown in Fig. 2, when taking 1.2 for normalized frequency Ω (ratio that normalized frequency refers to measurement frequency Yu chamber bandwidth),
More than threshold value, quantum noise correlation spectrum S1,2And S5,6With the variation relation of Pumping parameters σ.Figure it is seen that joining in pumping
When number σ is greater than 1.1, noise correlation composes S1,2And S5,6Value be both less than 4, illustrate to tangle in the presence of moreover, S1,2Degree of entanglement with
The increase of Pumping parameters and reduce, and S5,6Degree of entanglement increase with the increase of Pumping parameters, when σ is about 1.8, two
Curve intersection, when being greater than 1.8, S5,6Less than S1,2.Therefore short wavelength's entangled that the present invention generates, can pass through increase
Pumping parameters, to increase the degree of entanglement of light field.
As shown in figure 3, when to be pump parametric σ be 1.9, quantum noise correlation spectrum S1,2And S5,6With the change of normalized frequency Ω
Change the variation relation of curve.Wherein, the value of other parameters is identical as Fig. 2.From figure 3, it can be seen that in wider normalization point
It analyses in frequency range, quantum noise composes S1,2And S5,6Value less than 4.With the increase of normalized frequency, noise correlation spectrum by
It is cumulative big, it tangles and is gradually reduced, disappearance is tangled at Ω=6.In the case where normalized frequency is greater than 0.5 less than 2.5, S5,6
Less than S1,2, illustrate short wavelength's entangled that the present invention generates, at some frequencies, there is better degree of entanglement.
Finally it should be noted that:The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention., rather than its limitations;To the greatest extent
Present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments for pipe, those skilled in the art should understand that:Its according to
So be possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or to some or all of the technical features into
Row equivalent replacement;And these are modified or replaceed, various embodiments of the present invention technology that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution
The range of scheme.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of production method of short wavelength's entangled, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
S1, by frequency be ω0Pump light impinge perpendicularly in OPO chamber (1), sent out by the nonlinear crystal (4) in OPO chamber (1)
Raw parametric down conversion, generates in OPO chamber (1) and output frequency is ω respectively1And ω2Twin photon pairs a1And a2;Wherein,
ω0=ω1+ω2
S2, the frequency generated in OPO chamber (1) is made to be respectively ω1And ω2Twin photon pairs a1And a2It is respectively perpendicular and is incident on first
SHG frequency doubling cavity (2) and the 2nd SHG frequency doubling cavity (3), the pumping as the first SHG frequency doubling cavity (2) and the 2nd SHG frequency doubling cavity (3)
?;
S3, twin photon pairs a1And a2The first frequency-doubling crystal (5) and the 2nd SHG frequency multiplication in the first SHG frequency doubling cavity (2) respectively
Under the frequency multiplication effect of the second frequency-doubling crystal (6) of chamber (3), generates respectively and output frequency is 2 ω1With 2 ω2Photon to a5With
a6, a5And a6As short wavelength's entangled.
2. a kind of generation device of short wavelength's entangled, which is characterized in that including:Laser field (7), OPO chamber (1), first
SHG frequency doubling cavity (2) and the 2nd SHG frequency doubling cavity (3), the OPO chamber (1) is interior to be provided with nonlinear crystal (4), the laser field
It (7) is ω for issuing frequency0Laser, the laser that the OPO chamber (1) is used to that the laser field to be made to issue occurs lower turn of parameter
It changes generation and output frequency is for ω respectively1And ω2Twin photon pairs a1And a2;The first SHG frequency doubling cavity (2) and second
The first frequency-doubling crystal (5) and the second frequency-doubling crystal (6), the first SHG frequency doubling cavity (2) are respectively arranged in SHG frequency doubling cavity (3)
The frequency ω for being used to make to export from the OPO chamber (1) with the 2nd SHG frequency doubling cavity1And ω2Photon to frequency multiplication respectively, and export
Flat rate is 2 ω1With 2 ω2Entangled photon pairs a5And a6。
3. a kind of generation device of short wavelength's entangled according to claim 2, which is characterized in that further include first
Reflecting mirror (8) and the second reflecting mirror (9), first reflecting mirror (8) and the second reflecting mirror (9) are respectively used to make the OPO chamber
(1) the twin photon pairs a exported1And a2It is respectively perpendicular and is incident on the first SHG frequency doubling cavity (2) and the 2nd SHG frequency doubling cavity (3).
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CN109581656A (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2019-04-05 | 匡中 | A kind of multi-photon entangled light source |
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