CN102436117A - Generation device for continuous variable quantum entanglement source - Google Patents
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- CN102436117A CN102436117A CN2011103129788A CN201110312978A CN102436117A CN 102436117 A CN102436117 A CN 102436117A CN 2011103129788 A CN2011103129788 A CN 2011103129788A CN 201110312978 A CN201110312978 A CN 201110312978A CN 102436117 A CN102436117 A CN 102436117A
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Abstract
The invention provides a generation device for a continuous variable quantum entanglement state light field. The generation device comprises a single-frequency laser (1), an optical parameter amplifier (2), a Bell state direct detection system (3), a bottom plate (4) and an optical parameter amplifier locking system (5); the used optical components are fixed on the bottom plate (4);the optical parameter amplifier locking system (5) is formed by a scanning unit (11), a locking threshold value setting unit (12), a comparison unit (13) and a locking unit (14), therefore, automatic locking for the optical parameter amplifier is achieved, and problems of bad operability and reliability of the conventional continuous variable quantum entanglement source can be solved. The generation device has the advantages of stability, reliability, simpleness in operation and the like and is applicable to volume production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the generation device of the non-classical light field of a kind of continuous variable, specifically is a kind of continuous variable quantum entanglement attitude light field generation device.
Background technology
Quantum information science is that information science and quantum mechanics combine and the emerging cross discipline that forms, mainly comprises quantum calculation and quantum communications.Quantum communications comprise mainly that again quantum leaves thing and passes attitude, quantum cryptography and quantum dense coding etc.Because the peculiar property in quantum entanglement source makes quantum information improve arithmetic speed, guarantee information security, increase the ability that aspects such as information capacity and raising accuracy of detection have the existing classical information system limits of breakthrough.
The quantum entanglement source is the core of quantum communications and quantum calculation, realizes that most important key of continuous variable quantum information and difficult point are the continuous variable quantum entanglement attitude light sources of preparation stability and high efficiency.
So far, producing the most general method in continuous variable quantum entanglement source is with single-frequency laser pump optical parametric oscillator, produces non-classical light field through non-linear process.1992, the Kimble group of the U.S. through non-merger optical parameter amplification process, obtained the compressed state optical field of two bundle polarized orthogonals with the ktp crystal of the II class phase matching nonlinear medium as optics parametric oscillator (opo)---tangle light beam.1998, they utilized the following degeneracy optical parameter of threshold value process to produce the quadrature position phase squeezed light of two bundle frequency degeneracys, have obtained continuous variable quantum entanglement light beam through the coupling of 50% beam splitter.2000; The Nd:YAP/KTP laser pumping that photoelectricity research institute of University Of Shanxi adopts the single-frequency dual wavelength is with the ktp crystal of the II class phase matching optical parameter amplifier as nonlinear medium; When the optical parameter amplifier runs on magnifying state, obtain the bright light beam that tangles of orthogonal amplitude positive association, quadrature position phase anticorrelation.
But above-mentioned work all is in laboratory stage.The model machine and the business-like continuous variable quantum entanglement product-derived of not being correlated with so far.Its main cause is continuous variable quantum entanglement source to the having relatively high expectations of control system, and for example tangling the locking of optics parametric oscillator (opo) in the origin system, the processes such as frequency stabilization of the used single-frequency laser of pumping etc. all needs manually-operated.Therefore, above-mentioned continuous variable quantum entanglement source does not possess ease for operation and reliability.Restrict continuous variable quantum entanglement source and moved towards reliable and stable product from the laboratory.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of simple to operate, reliable and stable continuous variable quantum entanglement source generating device.
A kind of continuous variable quantum entanglement source generating device of the present invention's design comprises single-frequency laser, optical parameter amplifier, Bel's attitude direct detection system, base plate and optical parameter amplifier locking system composition; The described used optical element of source generating device that tangles all is fixed on the base plate, and base plate is served as by deformation coefficient materials with smaller, and this design has alleviated environmental change to tangling the influence in source, has improved the stability and the reliability in the source of tangling; Described optical parameter amplifier locking system is set, compares, is locked four unit by scanning, lock threshold and forms; Wherein scanning element is made up of signal source, counter, digital regulation resistance and HVDC amplifier; The lock threshold setup unit is made up of voltage reference, waver, first voltage follower, potentiometer and second voltage follower, and lock cell is made up of PID circuit and HVDC amplifier; In the described optical parameter amplifier locking system; The output terminal of scanning element links to each other with piezoelectric ceramics on the optical parameter amplifier through high-voltage amplifier; The light signal of optical parameter amplifier output incides in the photodetector, and the direct current signal of photodetector output links to each other with the positive input of comparing unit through the tertiary voltage follower; The output terminal of scanning element links to each other with the positive input of comparing unit; In the described optical parameter amplifier locking system, the output terminal of lock threshold setup unit links to each other with the negative input of comparing unit; In the described optical parameter amplifier locking system, the output terminal of comparing unit links to each other with lock cell through second electronic switch.
Scanning element is searched for the resonance point of optical parameter amplifier through the piezoelectric ceramics on the driving optical parameter amplifier.Near resonance point, the light signal of optical parameter amplifier output is strong more more, and during away from resonance point, the light signal of optical parameter amplifier output dies down.The output light of optical parameter amplifier converts electric signal into behind photodetector, the electric signal and the lock threshold of photodetector output are set comparison, decides next step action of locking system.When photo detector signal was set less than lock threshold, scanning element continued scanning, and lock cell is in scanning mode.When this photo detector signal was set greater than lock threshold, scanning element stopped scanning, and lock cell automatically switches to lock-out state.Tangling the final stage of origin system debugging, regulate the size of lock threshold setting value according to the photoelectric transformation efficiency that the optical parameter amplifier injects size and the photodetector of luminous power.According to the duty of the height of comparer output level control electronic switch, by the duty of electronic switch decision PID circuit.When photodetector output signal during less than the setting value of lock threshold, comparer output low level, electronic switch control PID circuit working is at monitored state.When photodetector output signal during greater than the setting value of lock threshold, comparer output high level, electronic switch control PID circuit working is at lock-out state.
Nonlinear medium in the described optical parameter amplifier is the nonlinear crystal of II class noncritical phase matching.The frequency doubled light that utilizes single-frequency laser output is as pumping source, and fundamental frequency light is as injecting seed light, and pumping runs on the optical parameter amplifier below the threshold value, obtains the frequency degeneracy, the bimodulus compressed state optical field of polarization orthogonal.After the polarization beam apparatus beam splitting, can directly obtain entangled light source.
The described source base plate that tangles is by the moulding of precise numerical control machine time processing.This design has reduced machining error and has tangled the influence of characteristic to tangling the source, for continuous variable quantum entanglement product-derivedization, batch process provide condition.
In the described scanning element; The output terminal of signal source links to each other with the input end of first electronic switch; The output terminal of first electronic switch links to each other with the clock end of counter and digital regulation resistance respectively; The output terminal of counter links to each other with the control end of digital regulation resistance, and the output terminal of digital regulation resistance links to each other with the bias input end of high-voltage amplifier, the logic control end of first electronic switch and the output terminal of comparing unit with link to each other.The effect of signal source provides clock signal, and clock signal is supplied with counter and digital regulation resistance via electronic switch.When system works during at scanning mode, electronic switch is connected, and signal source offers counter and digital regulation resistance clock signal; When system works during at lock-out state, electronic switch breaks off, and digital regulation resistance is kept fixing output voltage.Whenever receive a clock signal, the output level of digital regulation resistance changes a step-length, and the increase and decrease of output level is by the output signal deciding of counter.
In the described lock threshold setup unit, fixing voltage reference links to each other with waver, and the moving plate of waver links to each other with potentiometer through first voltage follower, and the center tap of potentiometer links to each other with the forward input of comparing unit through second voltage follower.Waver is used for selecting the lock threshold point that separates, and potentiometer is used for accurately setting the lock threshold point.
In the described lock cell; The error signal of PID circuit provides after by the ac output end of photodetector and modulation signal mixing; Error signal links to each other with the input end of PID circuit through second electronic switch, and the output terminal of PID circuit links to each other with the gain signal input end of high-voltage amplifier.It is long that the output drive fixing of high-voltage amplifier piezoelectric ceramics on the optical parameter amplifier is controlled the chamber of optical parameter amplifier.The error signal of optical parameter amplifier is extracted through mirror field, incides in the photodetector.The ac signal demodulation of photodetector output realizes the locking of optical parameter amplifier after the gain signal input end of PID circuit and high-voltage amplifier feeds back on the piezoelectric ceramics.The signal of the direct current signal of photodetector output and the output of lock threshold setup unit compares, and the value that obtains is as the logical signal of control optical parameter amplifier duty.When the direct current signal of the photodetector output setting value less than the lock threshold setup unit, second electronic switch control PID circuit working is at lock-out state, and the first electronic switch control counter stops counting simultaneously, and digital regulation resistance is kept current working point.When the direct current signal of photodetector output setting value greater than the lock threshold setup unit; Second electronic switch control PID circuit working is at unlocking condition; First electronic switch is connected simultaneously, digital regulation resistance output scanning signal, and the chamber of scanning optical parameter amplifier is long; The resonance point of search optical parameter amplifier is up to the direct current signal of the photodetector output setting value less than the lock threshold setup unit.
Compared with prior art a kind of continuous variable quantum entanglement source generating device of the present invention's design has following advantage:
The present invention adopts the automatic search lock of optical parameter amplifier system, easy operation is arranged, lock advantages such as easy commercialization for a long time after steady operation, the losing lock automatically again.
The present invention will tangle the used optical element in source and be fixed on the monoblock base plate, reduce environmental change to tangling the influence in source, improve the stability and the reliability in the source of tangling.
The source of the tangling base plate of the present invention's design adopts the moulding of precise numerical control machine time processing, has reduced machining error and has tangled the influence of characteristic to tangling the source, has advantages such as easy commercialization and batch process.
In a word, a kind of continuous variable quantum entanglement source generating device of the present invention's design has advantages such as simple to operate, reliable and stable, suitable batch process, has important use and is worth.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the theory diagram of a kind of continuous variable quantum entanglement of the present invention source generating device; Wherein: 1-single-frequency laser, 2-optical parameter amplifier, 3-Bel attitude direct detection system, 4-base plate; 5-optical parameter amplifier locking system, 11-scanning element, 12-lock threshold setup unit; The 13-comparing unit, 14-lock cell, 34-photodetector.
Fig. 2 is the light path synoptic diagram of a kind of continuous variable quantum entanglement of the present invention source generating device; Wherein: 35-electro-optic phase modulator, 40-nonlinear crystal, 50-540nm optoisolator, 51-1080nm optoisolator.
Fig. 3 is the conspectus of optical parameter amplifier locking system in a kind of continuous variable quantum entanglement of the present invention source generating device; Wherein: 21-resistance, 22-resistance, 23-waver, 24-voltage reference, 25-first voltage follower; The 26-potentiometer, 27-second voltage follower, 28-signal source, 29-first electronic switch; The 30-counter, 31-digital regulation resistance, 32-PID circuit, 33-high-voltage amplifier; The 36-high-frequency signal source, 37-frequency mixer, 38-tertiary voltage follower, 39-second electronic switch.
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of the PID circuit 32 that uses among the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is a kind of continuous variable quantum entanglement source generating device, shown in Fig. 1-4.
Fig. 1 is a theory diagram of the present invention, and with single-frequency laser 1 pump optical parameter amplifier 2, the light that tangles of optical parameter amplifier 2 outputs is measured with Bel's attitude direct detection system 3.In order to improve the stability and the reliability of tangling source apparatus, single-frequency laser 1, optical parameter amplifier 2 and Bel's attitude direct detection system 3 all are fixed on the base plate 4.Optical parameter amplifier locking system 5 is used for autoscan locking optical parameter amplifier 2.
The concrete index path of continuous variable quantum entanglement source apparatus is as shown in Figure 2, and single-frequency laser 1 is the inner cavity frequency-doubling Nd:YAP/LBO laser instrument of laser diode end-face pump, and the output wavelength of single-frequency laser 1 is 540nm.Because output coupling mirror is not exclusively launched fundamental frequency light, laser instrument also has a little 1080nm light output.Utilize ring resonator to choose single longitudinal mode, obtain stable single-frequency laser output.A plano-concave mirror and a nonlinear crystal 40 (ktp crystal of a-cutting) that optical parameter amplifier 2 is 50mm by two radius-of-curvature are formed, and ktp crystal is of a size of 3 * 3 * 10mm, the two antireflective films of two ends plating 1080nm and 540nm.All elements of optical parameter amplifier 2 all are fixed on the shelf of being processed by Yin Gang.Ktp crystal carries out temperature control by the high accuracy temperature control appearance, and temperature-controlled precision is 0.01 ℃.A chamber mirror of optical parameter amplifier 2 is bonded on the piezoelectric ceramics, is used for the long ACTIVE CONTROL in optical parameter amplifier 2 chambeies.The 1080nm light of single-frequency laser 1 output behind electro-optic phase modulator 35,1080nm optoisolator 51 as flashlight injection optics parameter amplifier 2.The 540nm light of single-frequency laser 1 output behind 540nm optoisolator 50 as pump light injection optics parameter amplifier 2.1080nm optoisolator 51 can prevent that with 540nm optoisolator 50 reflected light of optical parameter amplifier 2 from feeding back to single-frequency laser 1 interior its stability that influences.Electro-optic phase modulator 35 is used in sideband frequency locking system, producing sideband.Nonlinear crystal 40 is the ktp crystal of II class noncritical phase matching, participates in the light beam of nonlinear interaction and in this crystal, can realize the conllinear coupling, has eliminated walk-off effect, obtains the frequency degeneracy, the bimodulus compressed state optical field of polarization orthogonal.After the polarization beam apparatus beam splitting, can directly obtain entangled light source.In the experiment, the temperature of ktp crystal controls to phase matching temperature to 67 ℃.Measure the characteristic of tangling of optics parameter amplifier 2 output light through Bel's attitude direct detection system 3.Measuring process is following, at first separates with idle mould with the signal mode of polarization beam splitter prism with 2 outputs of optical parameter amplifier, uses 50% beam splitter (being made up of two polarization beam splitter prisms and a half-wave plate) that two-beam is coupled again.The bright light beam of beam splitter output is by two detector direct detections, the photocurrent addition of two detectors output, sends into the degree of entanglement that spectrum analyzer is measured output light respectively after subtracting each other.
The circuit diagram of optical parameter amplifier locking system 5 is as shown in Figure 3; Principle of work is following: the triangular signal H of scanning element 11 output notch cuttypes sends into the bias input end of high-voltage amplifier 33; Signal amplifies the piezoelectric ceramics on the rear drive optical parameter amplifier 2 through high-voltage amplifier 33, and the chamber of scanning optical parameter amplifier 2 is long.The chamber of optical parameter amplifier 2 is long more near resonance point, and the mirror field signal that photodetector 34 receives is more little; The chamber of optical parameter amplifier 2 is long more away from resonance point, and the mirror field signal that photodetector 34 receives is big more.In the scanning element 11, signal source 28 is used for pulse signal to counter 30 and digital regulation resistance 31 being provided, and clock signal provides behind counter 30 frequency divisions, for digital regulation resistance 31 to increase/down control signal.First electronic switch 29 is through the break-make of the logical signal C control wave of comparing unit 13 outputs.When the logical signal C of comparing unit 13 outputs is high level; Optical parameter amplifier locking system 5 is in scanning mode, and second electronic switch 39 turn-offs, and PID circuit 32 quits work; First electronic switch 29 is connected; The chamber of scanning optical parameter amplifier 2 is long, and behind the signal A of the direct current signal DC (through being signal B behind the tertiary voltage follower 38) of photodetector 34 outputs less than 12 outputs of lock threshold setup unit, optical parameter amplifier locking system 5 automatically switches to lock-out state.When the logical signal C of comparing unit 13 outputs is low level; Second electronic switch 39 is connected; PID circuit 32 is started working, and long according to the chamber of error signal J locking optical parameter amplifier 2, first electronic switch 29 turn-offs; The output of digital regulation resistance 31 remains unchanged, and high-voltage amplifier 33 provides constant bias voltage for the piezoelectric ceramics in the optical parameter amplifier 2.
In the lock threshold setup unit 12, voltage reference 24 provides constant voltage output, when waver 23 is positioned at different contacts, can obtain the magnitude of voltage of a series of separation through dividing potential drop.These magnitudes of voltage can be set the size of output voltage through potentiometer 26 continuously behind first voltage follower 25, second voltage follower 27 can prevent the interference of back circuit to the lock threshold setup unit.Lock threshold point be set in system debug the time set as the case may be, in the scanning process, the maximal value of tracer signal B, generally the size with lock threshold setup unit 12 output signal B is made as signal A peaked 20%.
Comparing unit 13 is used for the size of comparing signals A and signal B, and the signal C of output controls the duty (scanning or locking) of optical parameter amplifier locking system 5 through the logical relation of controlling first electronic switch 29 and second electronic switch 39.The error signal J of the signal of the AC signal of photodetector 34 outputs and high-frequency signal source 36 outputs conduct locking after frequency mixer 37 mixing.When second electronic switch 39 is connected; Error signal J sends into PID circuit 32; The output signal F of PID circuit 32 connects the gain input end of high-voltage amplifier 33, and the piezoelectric ceramics on the output signal E control optical parameter amplifier 2 of high-voltage amplifier is realized the locking of optical parameter amplifier 2.
The components and parts that the embodiment of the invention adopts; The used operational amplifier of comparator circuit adopts LM358, and the used operational amplifier of voltage follower all adopts LM358, the DG418 that the model of first electronic switch 29 is produced for MAXIM company; The DG417 that the model of second electronic switch 39 is produced for MAXIM company; Waver 23 adopts goes up the KXM-CX that the Neptunian satellite interrogates electron production, the BOURNS 3590S-2-10 that potentiometer 26 all adopts Mexico to produce, maximum adjustable joint 10 circles.The F80 of general production is contained in signal source 28 employing Nanjing, the HEF4060B that counter 30 adopts PHILIPS company to produce, the MAX5481 that digital regulation resistance adopts MAXIM company to produce.
Among the present invention, all continuous variable quantum entanglement source generating devices all are fixed on the base plate 4, have improved the reliability of system; Tangle source base plate 4 by the moulding of precision machine tool time processing, make the source of tangling be easier to produce in batches and do not change every performance parameter; The optical parameter amplifier locking system 5 of design is easier to the operation in the source of tangling, and has improved the stability of optical parameter amplifier 2 locking processes.The acquisition of this device helps continuous variable quantum entanglement source to walk out the laboratory, is widely used in the every field of national economy.
Claims (6)
1. a continuous variable quantum entanglement source generating device comprises single-frequency laser (1), optical parameter amplifier (2), Bel's attitude direct detection system (3), base plate (4) and optical parameter amplifier locking system (5); It is characterized in that tangling the used optical element of source generating device and all be fixed on the base plate (4), base plate (4) is served as by deformation coefficient materials with smaller; Described optical parameter amplifier locking system (5) is made up of scanning element (11), lock threshold setup unit (12), comparing unit (13), lock cell (14); Wherein scanning element (11) is made up of signal source (28), counter (30), digital regulation resistance (31) and HVDC amplifier (33); Lock threshold setup unit (12) is made up of voltage reference (24), waver (23), first voltage follower (25), potentiometer (26) and second voltage follower (27), and lock cell (14) is made up of PID circuit (32) and HVDC amplifier (33); In the described optical parameter amplifier locking system (5); The output terminal of scanning element (11) links to each other with piezoelectric ceramics on the optical parameter amplifier (2) through high-voltage amplifier (33); The light signal of optical parameter amplifier (2) output incides in the photodetector (34), and the direct current signal of photodetector (34) output links to each other through the positive input of tertiary voltage follower (38) with comparing unit (13); In the described optical parameter amplifier locking system (5), the output terminal of lock threshold setup unit (12) links to each other with the negative input of comparing unit (13); In the described optical parameter amplifier locking system (5), the output terminal of comparing unit (13) links to each other with lock cell (14) through second electronic switch (39).
2. a kind of continuous variable quantum entanglement source generating device according to claim 1 is characterized in that the nonlinear medium (40) in the described optical parameter amplifier (2) is the nonlinear crystal of II class noncritical phase matching.
3. a kind of continuous variable quantum entanglement source generating device according to claim 1 is characterized in that the described source base plate (4) that tangles is by the moulding of precise numerical control machine time processing.
4. a kind of continuous variable quantum entanglement source generating device according to claim 1; It is characterized in that in the described scanning element (11); The output terminal of signal source (28) links to each other with the input end of first electronic switch (29); The output terminal of first electronic switch (29) links to each other with the clock end of counter (30) with digital regulation resistance (31) respectively; The output terminal of counter (30) links to each other with the control end of digital regulation resistance (31), and the output terminal of digital regulation resistance (31) links to each other with the bias input end of locking system (14) mesohigh amplifier (33), and the logic control end of first electronic switch (29) links to each other with the output terminal of comparing unit (13).
5. a kind of continuous variable quantum entanglement source generating device according to claim 1; It is characterized in that in the described lock threshold setup unit (12); Fixing voltage reference (24) links to each other with waver (23); The moving plate of waver (23) links to each other with potentiometer (26) through first voltage follower (25), and the center tap of potentiometer (26) links to each other with the forward input of comparing unit (13) through second voltage follower (27).
6. a kind of continuous variable quantum entanglement source generating device according to claim 1; It is characterized in that in the described lock cell (14); The error signal of PID circuit (32) provides after by the ac output end of photodetector and modulation signal mixing; Error signal links to each other with the input end of PID circuit (32) through second electronic switch (39), and the output terminal of PID circuit (32) links to each other with the gain signal input end of high-voltage amplifier (33).
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