CN105237726A - 一种无缝墙纸用植物型软质聚氨酯泡沫 - Google Patents
一种无缝墙纸用植物型软质聚氨酯泡沫 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种无缝墙纸用植物型软质聚氨酯泡沫，由下列重量份的原料制成：三乙胺0.07-0.08、二月桂酸二丁基锡0.2-0.26、水0.28-0.34、2，4-甲苯二异氰酸酯56-58、有机硅泡沫稳定剂0.9-1.1、聚乙二醇40085-87、甘油9.5-10、玉米秸秆18-20、四针状氧化锌晶须0.6-0.9、0.2%氢氧化钠溶液适量、废旧轮胎橡胶粉9-10、浓硫酸3-3.2。本发明聚氨酯泡沫使用废旧轮胎橡胶粉进行改性，提高了泡沫的弹性、耐水性、耐久性、隔热性、隔音性；通过使用四针状氧化锌晶须，提高了泡沫的强度，使得泡沫具有吸波、抗老化、抗静电、抗菌等性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及聚氨酯泡沫制备技术领域，尤其涉及一种无缝墙纸用植物型软质聚氨酯泡沫。
背景技术
聚氨酯泡沫塑料是包装工业中常用的缓冲材料之一,它和绝大多数高分子材料一样,面临着资源和环境方面的挑战。一般植物体中含有纤维素、半纤维素和木素等化学物质,利用这些具有天然降解性的环境友好生物原料,已经成为世界各国特别是发达国家环境保护和可持续发展战略的重要方面之一。我国作为一个农业大国,每年要生产几亿吨秸秆,但这一巨大的生物资源至今没有得到充分利用。植物纤维原料虽然具有贮存能量、可再生、易分解等相对理想的物理化学性质,但由于难溶、难熔的特性,不像塑料一样易成型加工,难以直接利用,如果在一定条件下将其液化,使植物中纤维素、半纤维素和木素等物质转化为具有一定反应活性的液态物质,则可以作为制备高分子物质的原料,这是植物资源高附加值利用的途径之一,许多研究者对此进行了大量的工作,这样,既可以降低材料的生产成本,又可以缓解资源问题。
《植物型软质聚氨酯泡沫制备及缓冲性能研究》研究了以农业废弃物-玉米秸秆为原料,利用多羟基醇在一定条件下使其液化,得到一定羟基含量的液化产物,然后通过和异氰酸酯反应制备聚氨酯泡沫塑料,同时分析了所得材料的缓冲性能，该泡沫材料缓冲性能优良,具有在包装领域应用的潜力。
在室内装饰行业，经常用到墙纸、墙布及手工软包。软包墙纸有手感立体感也好的特点，经常用到聚氨酯泡沫材料，如果将上述泡沫材料用于墙纸，该泡沫材料的拉伸强度、耐久性、耐热性、耐水性、清洁性、防震、隔热、隔音等性能还不能满足需要，需要改进。。
发明内容
本发明目的就是为了弥补已有技术的缺陷，提供一种无缝墙纸用植物型软质聚氨酯泡沫。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种无缝墙纸用植物型软质聚氨酯泡沫，由下列重量份的原料制成：三乙胺0.07-0.08、二月桂酸二丁基锡0.2-0.26、水0.28-0.34、2，4-甲苯二异氰酸酯56-58、有机硅泡沫稳定剂0.9-1.1、聚乙二醇40085-87、甘油9.5-10、玉米秸秆18-20、四针状氧化锌晶须0.6-0.9、0.2%氢氧化钠溶液适量、废旧轮胎橡胶粉9-10、浓硫酸3-3.2。
所述的无缝墙纸用植物型软质聚氨酯泡沫的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）将废旧轮胎橡胶粉过200目筛，与3-4倍重量份的0.2%氢氧化钠溶液混合，在50-52℃下搅拌15-20min，然后在50-52℃、波长340nm、辐照强度0.77W/㎡的条件下进行紫外线老化8-9h，再在38-40℃下冷凝3.5-4h，如此循环处理橡胶粉一周，得到改性橡胶粉；
（2）将玉米秸秆风干，切成0.3-0.7cm长度，研磨，过60目筛，再与聚乙二醇400、甘油、浓硫酸混合均匀，送入容器中，再放入160℃恒温油浴中进行液化反应60-65min，反应完毕将容器放入冷水中以终止反应，得到液化产物；
（3）将改性橡胶粉与液化产物混合，得到混合物，调节混合物pH为7，再将混合物置于真空干燥箱(真空度0.08-0.09MPa，温度90-92℃)干燥72-74h，得到混合物料；
（4）将干燥后的的混合物料放入反应容器中，加入水、二月桂酸二丁基锡和有机硅泡沫稳定剂，在2000r/min高速搅拌下进行预混合，加入改性橡胶粉以及其他剩余成分，然后在1000r/min速度下搅拌11s，倒入模具中，在室温下静止发泡，待反应完毕后在69-70℃温度下熟化29-31min，再在室温下存放70-72h后，即得。
一种无缝墙纸，由PVC软膜做表面层，权利要求1所述无缝墙纸用植物型软质聚氨酯泡沫做中间层，无纺布做底层，用贴合机进行贴合制成。
本发明的优点是：本发明聚氨酯泡沫使用废旧轮胎橡胶粉进行改性，提高了泡沫的弹性、耐水性、耐久性、隔热性、隔音性；通过使用四针状氧化锌晶须，提高了泡沫的强度，使得泡沫具有吸波、抗老化、抗静电、抗菌等性能；用该泡沫制作的无缝软包墙纸手感柔软有弹性，环保、隔音、耐磨、易清洁。
具体实施方式
一种无缝墙纸用植物型软质聚氨酯泡沫，由下列重量份（公斤）的原料制成：三乙胺0.07、二月桂酸二丁基锡0.2、水0.28、2，4-甲苯二异氰酸酯56、有机硅泡沫稳定剂0.9、聚乙二醇40085、甘油9.5、玉米秸秆18、四针状氧化锌晶须0.6、0.2%氢氧化钠溶液适量、废旧轮胎橡胶粉9、浓硫酸3。
所述的无缝墙纸用植物型软质聚氨酯泡沫的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）将废旧轮胎橡胶粉过200目筛，与3倍重量份的0.2%氢氧化钠溶液混合，在50℃下搅拌15min，然后在50℃、波长340nm、辐照强度0.77W/㎡的条件下进行紫外线老化8h，再在38℃下冷凝3.5h，如此循环处理橡胶粉一周，得到改性橡胶粉；
（2）将玉米秸秆风干，切成0.5cm长度，研磨，过60目筛，再与聚乙二醇400、甘油、浓硫酸混合均匀，送入容器中，再放入160℃恒温油浴中进行液化反应60min，反应完毕将容器放入冷水中以终止反应，得到液化产物；
（3）将改性橡胶粉与液化产物混合，得到混合物，调节混合物pH为7，再将混合物置于真空干燥箱(真空度0.08MPa，温度90℃)干燥72h，得到混合物料；
（4）将干燥后的的混合物料放入反应容器中，加入水、二月桂酸二丁基锡和有机硅泡沫稳定剂，在2000r/min高速搅拌下进行预混合，加入改性橡胶粉以及其他剩余成分，然后在1000r/min速度下搅拌11s，倒入模具中，在室温下静止发泡，待反应完毕后在69℃温度下熟化29min，再在室温下存放70h后，即得。
一种无缝墙纸，由PVC软膜做表面层，权利要求1所述无缝墙纸用植物型软质聚氨酯泡沫做中间层，无纺布做底层，用贴合机进行贴合制成。
经测试，泡沫的密度为0.15g/cm3、含水率为1.02%、回弹性为98.6%、共振频率为34Hz。
Claims (3)
1.一种无缝墙纸用植物型软质聚氨酯泡沫，其特征在于由下列重量份的原料制成：三乙胺0.07-0.08、二月桂酸二丁基锡0.2-0.26、水0.28-0.34、2，4-甲苯二异氰酸酯56-58、有机硅泡沫稳定剂0.9-1.1、聚乙二醇40085-87、甘油9.5-10、玉米秸秆18-20、四针状氧化锌晶须0.6-0.9、0.2%氢氧化钠溶液适量、废旧轮胎橡胶粉9-10、浓硫酸3-3.2。
2.根据权利要求1所述的无缝墙纸用植物型软质聚氨酯泡沫的制备方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
（1）将废旧轮胎橡胶粉过200目筛，与3-4倍重量份的0.2%氢氧化钠溶液混合，在50-52℃下搅拌15-20min，然后在50-52℃、波长340nm、辐照强度0.77W/㎡的条件下进行紫外线老化8-9h，再在38-40℃下冷凝3.5-4h，如此循环处理橡胶粉一周，得到改性橡胶粉；
（2）将玉米秸秆风干，切成0.3-0.7cm长度，研磨，过60目筛，再与聚乙二醇400、甘油、浓硫酸混合均匀，送入容器中，再放入160℃恒温油浴中进行液化反应60-65min，反应完毕将容器放入冷水中以终止反应，得到液化产物；
（3）将改性橡胶粉与液化产物混合，得到混合物，调节混合物pH为7，再将混合物置于真空干燥箱(真空度0.08-0.09MPa，温度90-92℃)干燥72-74h，得到混合物料；
（4）将干燥后的的混合物料放入反应容器中，加入水、二月桂酸二丁基锡和有机硅泡沫稳定剂，在2000r/min高速搅拌下进行预混合，加入改性橡胶粉以及其他剩余成分，然后在1000r/min速度下搅拌11s，倒入模具中，在室温下静止发泡，待反应完毕后在69-70℃温度下熟化29-31min，再在室温下存放70-72h后，即得。
3.一种无缝墙纸，其特征在于：由PVC软膜做表面层，权利要求1所述无缝墙纸用植物型软质聚氨酯泡沫做中间层，无纺布做底层，用贴合机进行贴合制成。
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