CN105236501A - Method for preventing and treating plain river network area farmland non-point source pollution through channel and pond system - Google Patents
Method for preventing and treating plain river network area farmland non-point source pollution through channel and pond system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preventing and treating plain river network area farmland non-point source pollution through a channel and pond system. According to the method, on the basis of the original irrigation and drainage channel and pond system of a plain river network area, according to the distribution situation and the elevation of the farmland area channel and pond system, all single bodies and facilities are tightly connected together according to the functions through ecological channels, a pond at the highest position serves as a farmland irrigation water pre-treatment pond, a pond at the lowest position serves as a water yield and water quality comprehensive balance regulating and controlling station, water in the low-position pond is lifted to the high-position pond, a channel and pond purification system in multi-stage series circulation is formed, water level control gates are arranged at key positions of the whole channel and pond circulation system, the residence time of water in farmland in the system is regulated and controlled, the migration path of pollutants is prolonged, the purposes of reducing the outer drainage amount and fully utilizing nitrogen and phosphorus are achieved, farmland non-point source pollution can be effectively relieved, and a huge role is played for protecting the plain river network area water environment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agriculture environmental protection technical field, specifically relate to a kind of method utilizing territory, systemic control Water Net Plain District, ditch pool agricultural non-point pollution.
Background technology
Agricultural non-point pollution mainly refers to that in Agricultural Activities, farmland nitrogen and phosphorous nutrient is in precipitation or irrigation process, by agricultural surface runoff, farmland drainage and underground leakage, a large amount of nitrogen phosphorus is made to enter water body, water environment pollution (the Zhang Weili caused, Xu Aiguo, Ji Hongjie etc. Chinese agriculture pollution of area source situation is estimated and control way III: problems analysis [J] during Chinese agriculture pollution of area source controls. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2004,37 (7): 1026-1033).In Middle And Lower Reaches of Changjiang River is the main distributed areas of China's freshwater lake, and in basin, river irrigation canals and ditches are crisscross, forms a complicated river network system.Because agricultural non-point pollution runs off the eutrophication problem of the water body caused in region, govern region grain-production safety (metallographic is bright, Tu Qingying. lake eutrophication investigation specifications [M], Beijing: China Environmental Science Press, 1990).
Research shows, Water Net Plain District agricultural non-point pollution enters surrounding water mainly through rainwash, therefore the pool, waterways is as the transitional zone between farmland and outer River system, be farmland drainage collect at first ground, be again the output ground of downstream water nitrogen and phosphorous nutrient, play the dual function of draining and ecological intercepting.Therefore how to increase ditch pool system to the removal of nitrogen and phosphorous nutrient, and it is significant for agricultural non-point pollution prevention and control how to carry out recycle in region, farmland.In recent years, most research mainly concentrates on the ecology transformation of escape canal and the pool, farmland system, source, strengthening face effluent stream is when irrigation canals and ditches and pool system, the reduction of nitrogen phosphorus and detergent power (Pan Le, cogongrass intelligence, Dong Bin etc. the experimental study [J] of small reservoir reduction of marsh area agricultural non-point pollution. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2012, 28 (4): 130-135), and have ignored by middle peasant field, region, farmland, irrigation canals and ditches, the ecological functions location in pool, by farmland, irrigation canals and ditches and pool are designed to a complete material cycle fluid system, by improving the recycle efficiency of region, farmland nitrogen phosphorus etc., reduce agricultural non-point pollution discharge.Therefore, based on the universal phenomenon of the body eutrophication outstanding problem that Water Net Plain District agricultural non-point pollution causes, to control " water " for main purpose and means, with " controlling face, efficient ecological, recycle, regional control with face " for general thought, develop a kind of method utilizing systemic control Water Net Plain District, the ditch pool, region agricultural non-point pollution, the problem tool solving current agricultural non-point pollution water surrounding is of great significance.
Summary of the invention
The defect existed for the problems referred to above and prior art or deficiency, the invention provides a kind of method utilizing systemic control Water Net Plain District, ditch pool agricultural non-point pollution, the method is that original filling is arranged on the basis of irrigation canals and ditches and pool distribution status in Water Net Plain District, according to distribution situation and the elevation on the pool, together with each monomer and facility being closely connected by function by irrigation canals and ditches, form the multistage ditch pool purification system of series connection.To the high-order pool of circulation starting point be positioned at as the field irrigation water pretreatment pool, using the lowest order pool in the system of many pools as water quality and quantity overall equilbrium control station, and build pumping plant the water extraction in the low level pool is risen to the high-order pool, the whole ditch pool recycle system utilizes gate to control the water level of key position, regulation and control enters the rainwater, irrigation water etc. in farmland in the intrasystem residence time, extend the migration path of pollution substance, increase system to the utilization of nitrogen phosphorus.To reduce outer water displacement and the nitrogen phosphorus of system to greatest extent, the harm caused thus reduction pollution of area source runs off, for protection Water Net Plain District water surrounding is played a great role.
In order to realize above-mentioned target, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
Utilize a method for systemic control Water Net Plain District, the ditch pool, region agricultural non-point pollution, concrete steps are as follows:
Determine ditch pool system distribution situation and the elevation of Regional field;
According to the elevation on the pool in region, together with by irrigation canals and ditches each monomer and facility being closely connected by function to the low level pool by the high-order pool, building pumping plant and the water extraction in the low level pool is risen to the high-order pool, form many pools purification system of plural serial stage circulation;
To the high-order pool of circulation starting point be positioned at as the field irrigation water pretreatment pool, different types of water and many pools systemic circulation water are carried out rational mixture, adjustment, and reaches agriculture through pre-treatment such as certain precipitation, biopurification, filtrations and pour water after standard and be applied to field irrigation;
Using the lowest order pool as water quantity and quality overall equilbrium control station, before very heavy rains or when rainfall is excessive, rationally outer row is carried out to the low tail water of relative concentration and rainwater, at ordinary times low level pool water extraction is risen to the field irrigation water pretreatment pool and carry out recycle;
The whole ditch pool recycle system, by arranging water lev el control gate at key position, the residence time in regulation and control water farmland in system, realizes the object reducing outer water displacement and make full use of nitrogen phosphorus.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows by suiting measures to local conditions, making full use of the existing ditch pool that Water Net Plain District is abundant, forming complete system, and strengthen its obstruction ability and detergent power, realize effective control of agricultural non-point pollution.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the ditch pool of the present invention system schematic.
In Fig. 1: 1,3,4 represent the pool, wherein 1 represents the high-order pool, and 4 represent the low level pool; 2 represent farmland, and 5 represent pumping plant, and 6 represent water lev el control gate, and 7 represent irrigation canals and ditches, wherein water flow direction in arrow expression system.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, technical solution of the present invention is described in further detail:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of method utilizing systemic control Water Net Plain District, the ditch pool, region agricultural non-point pollution, concrete implementation step is as follows:
Determine distribution situation and the elevation of the ditch pool system in region, farmland, through mapping, elevation: the > pool, the > pool 3, the pool 14;
According to the elevation on the Nei Gegou pool, region, farmland, together with by irrigation canals and ditches 7 each monomer and facility being closely connected by its function to the low level pool 4 by the high-order pool 1, and by pumping plant 5, the water source on the low level pool 4 is promoted to the high-order pool 1, form the ditch pool purification system of plural serial stage circulation;
To the high-order pool 1 of circulation starting point be positioned at as the field irrigation water pretreatment pool, different types of water and many pools systemic circulation water are carried out rational mixture, adjustment, and reaches agriculture through pre-treatment such as certain precipitation, biopurification, filtrations and pour water and be applied to farmland 2 after standard and irrigate;
Using the lowest order pool 4 in the system of the ditch pool as water quantity and quality overall equilbrium control station, before very heavy rains or when rainfall is excessive, rationally outer row is carried out to the low tail water of relative concentration and rainwater, at ordinary times low level pool water extraction is risen to the high-order pool 1, namely recycle is carried out on the field irrigation water pretreatment pool;
The whole ditch pool recycle system utilizes water lev el control gate 6 to control the water level of key position, the residence time in regulation and control water farmland 2 in system, extend the migration path of pollution substance, increase system to the utilization of nitrogen phosphorus, to reduce outer water displacement and the nitrogen phosphorus of system to greatest extent.
Embodiment 1: the ditch pool, agricultural non-point pollution comprehensive regulation region, Swim water town, Anlu City, Hubei Province system demonstration project
The ditch pool, agricultural non-point pollution comprehensive regulation region, Swim Shui Zhen station village, Anlu City, Hubei Province system demonstration project service area about 1500 mu, the original partial trench in this region collapses, the system bed mud alluvial blocking of the ditch pool, the unrealized internal recycling purification of ditch pool system, source, face, all farmlands sewage is all outer enters river.According to monitoring, in the sewage of source, face, farmland, TN, TP concentration is on average at 3.99mg/L and 0.13mg/L, and total nitrogen is Table V water quality standard (see table 1) above Ground, and total phosphorus circle is between surface water II-III.These water discharge mainly through the irrigation canals and ditches of inside, farmland, and these irrigation canals and ditches are mainly open type soil irrigation canals and ditches or three light concrete irrigation canals and ditches, and alluvial blocking is serious, and ecological purification ability is poor, and the low-lying pool, region, farmland system water liquid flowability is poor, is difficult to play cleaning action.The ditch pool, agricultural non-point pollution comprehensive regulation region, Swim water town, Anlu City, Hubei Province system demonstration project is namely by the farmland ditch pool system reform, ecological canal is adopted the pool system in region, farmland to be communicated with, and set up field irrigation water pretreatment system and water yield overall equilbrium control station respectively in most significant digit and lowest order, under the prerequisite ensureing irrigation water water quality, realize region, the farmland internal recycling of farmland irrigating draining, intrasystem source sewage and the outer discharge capacity of nitrogen phosphorus are reduced more than 50%.
Table 1 agricultural run-off water quality condition (unit: mg/L)
The ecological canal length of this demonstration project every mu ground configuration is not less than 30 meters, before irrigation canals and ditches connect farmland place and water lev el control gate, arrange settling tank, and pond holds and is not less than 2m
3.In canal, water level maintains irrigation canals and ditches total depth 1/2 place at ordinary times, to ensure the performance of the complete and function of the ecosystem in canal, when rainfall is large or when water displacement is large, gate water level can be adjusted to equal with at the bottom of canal; Pool area in the system of many pools is not less than 5% of served farmland area, and the average effective depth of water is 2m, and hydraulic detention time (HRT) is not less than 15d.In the pool, water level is not less than 3/4 of pool total depth; Sedimentation time is not less than 3h; Field irrigation water pretreatment system, sedimentation time is not less than 3h, and equalizing tank hydraulic detention time is not less than 6h, and the depth of water is greater than 2m; The design load-carrying capacity of water quantity and quality overall equilbrium control station is 1/15 of all pools cumulative volume in service area, can ensure the intrasystem water in the ditch pool monthly capable of circulation twice, and the rising of pump is closed interval and be not less than 5min.
After the ditch pool, region system is built up, nitrogen phosphorus arranges minimizing more than 50% outward, has considerable environmental benefit.
Be only the specific embodiment of the present invention above, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, any change of expecting without creative work or replace all should within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with protection domain that claims are limit.
Claims (3)
1. utilize a method for systemic control Water Net Plain District, ditch pool agricultural non-point pollution, it is characterized in that, concrete steps are as follows:
1) distribution situation and the elevation of the ditch pool system of Water Net Plain District is determined;
2), according to the elevation on the septal fossula pool, territory, Water Net Plain District, together with by ecological canal each monomer and facility being closely connected by function to the low level pool by the high-order pool, building pumping plant and the water extraction in the low level pool is raised to the high-order pool carries out recycle;
3) the whole ditch pool recycle system utilizes water lev el control gate to control the water level of key position, the residence time in regulation and control water farmland in system, there is the migration path extending pollution substance, increase system to the utilization of nitrogen phosphorus, with the function of the outer water displacement and nitrogen phosphorus that reduce system to greatest extent.
2. method according to claim 1, does the field irrigation water pretreatment pool by the high-order pool of circulation starting point, and it has different sorts water and ditch pool systemic circulation water carries out the preprocessing functions such as rational mixture, adjustment, precipitation, biopurification, filtration.
3. method according to claim 1, using the low level pool of final river outlet as water quantity and quality overall equilbrium control station, it can carry out rationally outer row to the pool water of lower concentration before very heavy rains or when rainfall is excessive, and farmland tail water can be promoted to the field irrigation water pretreatment pool and carry out recycle.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN106065654A (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2016-11-02 | 信开水环境投资有限公司 | A kind of widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area reduction and the association system of treated waste water for irrigation in agriculture |
| CN106258814A (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2017-01-04 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of intelligent water is tilled land the face shallow water anti-Ore-controlling Role of wetland nitrogen and phosphorus loss |
| CN108738453A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-11-06 | 中国科学院测量与地球物理研究所 | Field ditch pool combined method for regulating based on rice field pollution of area source key risk period |
| CN109678299A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-04-26 | 西南大学 | A kind of purple soil arid hillside field agricultural non-point source pollution three-level ecology prevention and control system |
| CN112127334A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-12-25 | 苏州大学 | Irrigation drainage system for rural non-point source pollution resource utilization and scheduling operation method |
| WO2021135052A1 (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2021-07-08 | 仁创生态环保科技股份有限公司 | Farmland irrigation and drainage system |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106065654A (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2016-11-02 | 信开水环境投资有限公司 | A kind of widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area reduction and the association system of treated waste water for irrigation in agriculture |
| CN106065654B (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2019-03-08 | 信开水环境投资有限公司 | A kind of association system of agricultural non-point source pollution reduction and treated waste water for irrigation in agriculture |
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| CN108738453A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-11-06 | 中国科学院测量与地球物理研究所 | Field ditch pool combined method for regulating based on rice field pollution of area source key risk period |
| CN108738453B (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2020-12-29 | 中国科学院测量与地球物理研究所 | Paddy field and pond combined regulation and control method based on paddy field non-point source pollution key risk period |
| CN109678299A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-04-26 | 西南大学 | A kind of purple soil arid hillside field agricultural non-point source pollution three-level ecology prevention and control system |
| WO2021135052A1 (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2021-07-08 | 仁创生态环保科技股份有限公司 | Farmland irrigation and drainage system |
| CN112127334A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-12-25 | 苏州大学 | Irrigation drainage system for rural non-point source pollution resource utilization and scheduling operation method |
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