CN101700932A - Step-type composite vertical flow artificial wetland sewage treatment device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a stepped composite vertical flow artificial wetland sewage treatment device. The device comprises downflow tanks and upflow tanks, and the device is characterized in that the overall device is composed of a plurality of units, wherein each unit comprises a downflow tank and an upflow tank which are arranged next to each other, separated by a baffle plate and communicated with each other at the bottoms, the downflow tank is higher than the upflow tank to form a step; adjacent two units are separated by a baffle plate, the upflow tank of the previous unit and the downflow tank of the next unit are at the same level; matrix layers and soil layers are successively filled in the downflow tank and upflow tank of one unit from bottom to up, water pipes are paved on the soil layer of the downflow tank, and plants are planted in the soil layers of the downflow tank and upflow tank. The device has the advantages of wide application range, good restoration effect, low infrastructure cost, low management and maintenance cost, good appreciation and the like in the respect of restoring waterbody.

Description

Step-type composite vertical flow artificial wetland sewage treatment device

technical field

The invention belongs to a sewage treatment device, and specifically refers to a step-type compound vertical flow artificial wetland sewage treatment device with a small footprint, high treatment efficiency and integrated ornamental features.

Background technique

Water, as an important part of the ecological environment on which human beings depend, is increasingly polluted. In recent years, with the extensive use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers, the loss of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus in farmland soil, and non-point source pollution, these nutrients have entered lakes and rivers along with agricultural irrigation runoff and surface runoff, causing serious water pollution. Eutrophication problem. Due to the complex mechanism of water eutrophication and the increasing difficulty of treatment, no economical and effective treatment technology has been established so far. In recent years, the use of constructed wetland treatment technology to treat eutrophic water bodies has become a research hotspot. Constructed wetland sewage treatment technology has many advantages such as high efficiency, simplicity, and low energy consumption, and is attracting more and more attention. This technology is suitable for the pollution control characteristics of eutrophic water bodies, and is of great significance for controlling the increasingly serious eutrophication of lakes and rivers in my country.

In recent years, constructed wetlands have been widely used in China. Since the advent of constructed wetlands, they have been widely used for TSS, NH ₄ ⁺ -N, NO ₃ ^- -N, PO ₄ ^3- , COD, BOD ₅ , algae and removal of pollutants such as heavy metals. At present, there are two problems in the construction of artificial wetlands, that is, only focusing on the requirements of landscape construction, and more consideration of aesthetics and landscape modeling in plant configuration, but the research and analysis on water purification effect is slightly lacking, or it is emphatic Due to the water purification effect, the type of plant configuration adopted is single, ignoring the landscape effect that the wetland should have. Therefore, these issues have raised new difficulties for our research work, that is, how to find and carry out reasonable plant configuration, so that the wetland can take into account the beauty of the landscape and the effect of cost-effective water purification.

According to the water flow direction and dynamics, the constructed wetland treatment system can be divided into the following types: (1) free surface constructed wetland treatment system; (2) artificial subsurface flow wetland treatment system; (3) vertical flow type constructed wetland treatment system. The free surface flow constructed wetland treatment system has the advantages of simple process and low operating cost, but it occupies a large area and has low treatment effect. Although subsurface flow constructed wetlands have better treatment effects than free surface flow constructed wetlands, they also have disadvantages such as poor nitrogen removal and short service life. Compared with the first two types of wetlands, vertical flow constructed wetlands have the best treatment effect, but they have disadvantages such as high infrastructure construction and high maintenance costs, and are relatively rare in practical applications.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a novel and practical step-type compound vertical flow artificial wetland sewage treatment device for the above deficiencies. The device is the concentration of the free surface flow constructed wetland system, the artificial subsurface flow wetland treatment system and the vertical flow type constructed wetland treatment system. A step-type composite vertical flow constructed wetland sewage treatment device that combines the characteristics of different types of constructed wetlands can improve sewage treatment efficiency and reduce floor space.

The purpose of sewage treatment of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: a step-type composite vertical flow artificial wetland sewage treatment device, including a downward pool and an upward pool, which is characterized in that the whole is composed of several units; each unit is composed of adjacent It is composed of a descending pool and an ascending pool, which are separated by a partition and connected at the bottom. The descending pool is higher than the ascending pool, forming a step; two adjacent units are separated by a baffle, and the upstream of the previous unit The pool is flush with the descending pool of the next unit; the substrate layer and soil layer are filled in the descending pool and the ascending pool sequentially from bottom to top, the water distribution pipe is laid on the soil layer of the descending pool, and the soil layer of the descending pool and the ascending pool grow plants.

The water distribution pipe is installed on the soil layer of the descending pool, and there are small holes around the water distribution pipe, and the water can be evenly distributed to various points of the descending pool after passing through the water distribution pipe.

The descending pond is 10-30cm higher than the ascending pond, and the water flow can be discharged from the ascending pond according to the water pressure of the descending pond, and then enter the next unit, so that the flow of sewage in the step-type composite vertical flow artificial wetland device can be completely without power , depending on the water level difference in the two pools. It is also because the descending pool is higher than the ascending pool, so the matrix layer of the ascending pool is lower than that of the descending pool. The present invention can also be connected to a water storage tank on the water distribution pipe; on the one hand, the suspended particles in the untreated sewage can be settled down. Secondly, it can reduce the possibility of pipeline blockage.

The substrate layer is gravel, crushed stone, coal cinder, sand and pastoral soil layer. The purpose of choosing these substrate layers is: first, the physical filtration of the substrate layer can remove a large amount of SS and COD in the water body; second, the substrate layer provides attachment points for the growth of microorganisms; third, it is for fixing plants. The distribution of matrix particle size in the unit decreases from bottom to top.

The plants may be composed of one or more plants selected from wild rice stems, calamus, cattails, rushes, jasmine flowers, cannas and reeds. The purpose is to choose the appropriate combination to achieve the best removal effect according to the different removal effects of different plants on nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrients.

The unit adopts reinforced concrete or mixed bricks to form an anti-seepage pool body structure. Other materials can also be used as long as they are durable and do not leak.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following obvious outstanding substantive features and significant advantages:

1. It can be used to purify eutrophic lake water, which is very practical.

2. The design of the water distribution pipe in the descending pool can ensure uniform water distribution, thereby improving the treatment efficiency.

3. A variety of constructed wetland types are integrated as a whole, effectively reducing the floor space and infrastructure costs.

4. The overall combination of a variety of constructed wetland types, as well as the design of the downward and upward pools, prolongs the residence time of the water body, thereby improving the treatment efficiency of the sewage water body.

5. The water flow of the device does not need power at all, effectively reducing maintenance costs.

6. The stepped design, combined with the planting of aquatic plants such as Yuchan flower and canna, greatly improves the ornamental value of the stepped composite vertical flow constructed wetland.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the unit structure of the device of the present invention.

specific implementation

Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail as follows in conjunction with accompanying drawings:

Embodiment 1: Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, this step-type compound vertical flow artificial wetland sewage treatment device includes a downstream pool 2 and an upward pool 3, which is characterized in that the whole is composed of several units 1; each unit is composed of adjacent A descending pool 2 and an ascending pool 3 are composed of a partition 4 and connected at the bottom, the descending pool 2 is higher than the ascending pool 3, forming a step; two adjacent units 1 are separated by a baffle 5 , the ascending pool 3 of the previous unit 1 is flush with the descending pool 2 of the next unit 1; The water distribution pipe 7 is laid on the soil layer 9, and the plants 8 are planted in the soil layer 9 of the descending pond 2 and the ascending pond 3.

Embodiment 2: Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, this embodiment is the same as Embodiment 1, and the special features are: the descending pool 2 is 10-30 cm higher than the ascending pool 3, and the matrix layer 6 in the descending pool 2 is higher than that of the ascending pool 3 The matrix layer 6 in is also high 10-30cm. The matrix layer 6 is any one or more mixtures of gravel, crushed stone, cinder, sand and pastoral soil, the purpose of which is to fix the plants 8, filter sewage and provide attachments for microorganisms. The particle size of matrix layer 6 decreases sequentially from bottom to top. Plant 8 can be selected from one or more of wild rice stems, calamus, cattails, rushes, jasmine flowers, cannas and reeds. The whole unit 1 is made of reinforced concrete or mixed bricks to form an anti-seepage pool structure.

The following examples illustrate the structure and technical points of the stepped composite vertical flow constructed wetland device. In each unit 1, sewage enters from the water distribution pipe, sprinkles evenly, and passes through plants 8, soil layer 9, substrate layer 6 in the descending pool 2, substrate layer 6 in the ascending pool 3, soil layer 9, and plants 8. The water flow forms are free surface flow, vertical flow from top to bottom, horizontal submerged flow, vertical flow from bottom to top, and free surface flow. After entering the next unit 1, the above process is repeated.

Claims (6)

1. A stepped compound vertical flow constructed wetland sewage treatment device, comprising a descending pool (2) and an ascending pool (3), characterized in that the whole is made up of several units (1); each unit consists of an adjacent descending pool The pool (2) and the upward pool (3) are separated by a partition (4) and connected at the bottom, and the downward pool (2) is higher than the upward pool (3), forming a step; two adjacent units ( 1) Separated by a baffle (5), the ascending pool (3) of the previous unit (1) is flush with the descending pool (2) of the next unit (1); the descending pool (2) and the ascending pool Substrate layer (6) and soil layer (9) are filled successively in the pond (3) from bottom to top, and water distribution pipe (7) is laid on the soil layer (9) of descending pond (2), and water distribution pipe (7) is laid in descending pond (2) and The soil layer (9) of the ascending pool (3) is planted with plants (8). 2. The step-type compound vertical flow constructed wetland sewage treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that the downstream pool (2) in each unit (1) is 10cm-30cm higher than the upstream (3) pool. 3. According to the said step-type compound vertical flow constructed wetland sewage treatment device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the matrix layer (6) of the descending pool (2) in each unit (1) is larger than the matrix layer of the ascending pool (3) (6) It should be 10cm-30cm high. 4. According to the said stepped compound vertical flow artificial wetland sewage treatment device of claim 1, it is characterized in that said matrix layer (6) is any one or more in gravel, crushed stone, cinder, sand and pastoral soil mix. 5. According to the said step-type composite vertical flow constructed wetland sewage treatment device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that said plant (8) is a kind of or Mixed planting of various plants. 6. The step-type composite vertical flow artificial wetland device according to claim 1, characterized in that said unit (1) adopts reinforced concrete or mixed bricks to form an anti-seepage pool structure.

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