CN1052295C - 管道截流的方法和装置 - Google Patents

管道截流的方法和装置 Download PDF

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CN1052295C
CN1052295C CN95103554A CN95103554A CN1052295C CN 1052295 C CN1052295 C CN 1052295C CN 95103554 A CN95103554 A CN 95103554A CN 95103554 A CN95103554 A CN 95103554A CN 1052295 C CN1052295 C CN 1052295C
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pipeline
expander
instrument
location unit
extension element
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CN1127862A (zh
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拉斯·蒂格霍尔姆
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Tigerholm AB
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Tigerholm AB
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L55/10—Means for stopping flow from or in pipes or hoses
    • F16L55/12—Means for stopping flow from or in pipes or hoses by introducing into the pipe a member expandable in situ
    • F16L55/124—Means for stopping flow from or in pipes or hoses by introducing into the pipe a member expandable in situ introduced radially into the pipe or hose
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L55/10—Means for stopping flow from or in pipes or hoses
    • F16L55/12—Means for stopping flow from or in pipes or hoses by introducing into the pipe a member expandable in situ
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/0318—Processes
    • Y10T137/0402—Cleaning, repairing, or assembling
    • Y10T137/0441—Repairing, securing, replacing, or servicing pipe joint, valve, or tank
    • Y10T137/0458—Tapping pipe, keg, or tank
    • Y10T137/0463—Particular aperture forming means
    • Y10T137/0475—Having deformable or inflatable means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/598—With repair, tapping, assembly, or disassembly means
    • Y10T137/612—Tapping a pipe, keg, or apertured tank under pressure
    • Y10T137/6123—With aperture forming means

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pipe Accessories (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及管道(1)截流方法和装置，管道密封安装定位单元，管道钻孔，密封防护，以便借助于封装支承管(9)内的截流工具，将膨胀体(8)插入管道(1)，临时截止管道流体流动，从而在插入时，支承膨胀体，插入后特别是在膨胀阻止管道流体流动时及以后，增强支承流体的高压能力。

Description

管道截流的方法和装置
本发明涉及管道流体截流方法与装置，管道装有密封定位单元，管道钻孔，密封防护，借助于截流工具，使膨胀体插通定位单元，穿过钻孔进入管道，临时截住管道流体流动，以此，在插入过程中，朝着管内膨胀时流体流向，利用支承管，插通定位单元，封装插到定位单元的截流工具，支承起膨胀体。
以前临时截止固定密封加压管道流体流动的工艺方法和装置，例如在瑞典专利号8605208-1和9301793-7中提出。专利中，膨胀体为橡皮球形状，装入管道，通过膨胀，截流管道。在这种情况下，橡皮球只能靠管道内表面摩擦力固定在应有位置。这样，当流体为高压，管道系统有压力波动时，降低了装置的有效性。易于使橡皮球滑入管道，最终引起爆炸。另外，焊接管的内表面往往不平滑，有焊缝和尖焊瘤，很容易损坏滑动球，结果引起球爆炸。
本发明的目的是按照权利要求书得到一种方法和装置，消除这些缺陷，使现有的截流方法用于比迄今可能有的更高管道压力，并对截流膨胀体的破坏显示更大的抗力。这在封装截流工具及其膨胀体和下部伸进管道的管形支承插到定位单元时可以达到。该下部渐渐形成半柱面，开口朝向管道流动流体。支承管下部当全部插入管道接近管底的，支承扩充的膨胀体，使膨胀体不再依靠与管道内壁的摩擦力保持其在管道中的应有位置。这在截止加热管道和大直径管道流体尤为重要，因为前者热流体往往会减小管道与橡皮球的摩擦；后者支承管可使橡皮球有更大的膨胀。因此，大多数管径可采用规定的橡皮球尺寸，甚至规定的管道钻孔尺寸，也就是减少不同尺寸的需要数量。实际试验表明，按照本发明的截流方法能承受管道流体压力，高于采用膨胀橡皮球的先有技术截流方法的三到五倍。
为了进一步增强支承管作用，特别是用于大直径管道，膨胀体下部可设计成渐渐形成半柱面杆，其平面朝向管道流体流动方向，配有自动下降舌瓣，装在杆的平面上，能够移动，在膨胀体碰到管底时，下降到面上。相应的方式，当触及管道上部内表面时，舌瓣回程朝向杆中心，因为截流工具抽出管道，致使膨胀体穿过管道钻孔。
该方法和方法的一个实施例将在权利要求书和附图中阐述。
图1表示本发明的侧视图，
支承管装在定位单元内，膨胀体插入管道截流之前，截流工具在上部位置。
图2表示同样侧视图，但显示了膨胀体插入管道之后。
图3也表示侧视图，图中膨胀体已扩充，截住管道流体。
图4是支承管和舌瓣在支承管插入管道之前的剖面示意图。
图5表示支承管已插入管道后使舌瓣下降的支承管。
图1中，1是需要截流的管道部分，2是定位单元，利用螺纹连接器(未示)与管道相连，于是达到密封。定位单元装有阀门装置5，通过钻头或支承管9操作，并有用螺旋拧上的加长件12，在其最上端有一内密封件4，紧贴钻头或支承管9密封、加长件装有转动组装的锁定卡箍15，把锁紧装置14固定到加长件上。锁紧装置14带有一个弹簧19加载的锁紧筒体16，其锁定销在支承管9在定位单元2和加长体12内时，通过与截流工具凹槽17啮合，和在带有膨胀体8的截流工具已插入管道1之后，通过与凹槽18啮合，把截流工具7紧固。管形支承9由薄壁管构成，在定位单元的加长件内垂直移动，用密封件4密封。上部有一套环13，将支承管相对于加长件固定在位。支承管伸进管道1的部分渐渐形成半柱面10，开口11朝向管道流体流动方向，并拟作膨胀体支承之用，特别是在膨胀体截止管道流体流动而处于膨胀状态时使用。带有膨胀体8的截流工具7插入支承管9，和锁紧装置14的锁定销与定位单元2和加长件12内的截流2具凹槽17相啮合，并用锁定夹箍15固紧。在该位置，支承管下部10处于管道1内最终位置，而膨胀体8却在定位单元空腔6内。
图2表示锁紧筒体16已脱离凹槽17后的截流工具位置，且该工具与膨胀体已推下进入管道，在锁紧筒体啮合凹槽18后，固定在应有位置。截流工具上端有复式连接管接头24，带有插入式连接器25，压缩空气接头26及接头或压力表27。图3表示通过接头26的压缩空气供应，用来扩张膨胀体，按照压力表27所示，直到达到足够的压力为止。这样完成管道截流。
截流后，用合适方式取下截流工具，压缩空气通过接头26抽空，抽出截流工具7，直到锁紧筒体啮合凹槽17和支承管与截流工具脱离锁定夹箍，并从定位单元中抽出为止。然后阀门装置5自动关闭，防止流体漏出管道1。
图4表示支承管9的剖面示意图，在插入管道1之前，配装自动下降和回程的舌瓣20a和20b。舌瓣相互重叠，通过两个带头销22滑接支承管的杆平面，带头销可在舌瓣沟槽21内与水平面成45°角滑动。
最后，图5表示支承管完全插入管道1内的装置。在这里，舌瓣已增加支承面积。由于在下降位置的舌瓣20a和20b向下延伸比支承管的杆要远，故在向下通入管道时，被迫离开斜槽，因此而增加支承面积，用合适方式，在支承管抽出管道时，将舌瓣压在一起。
本发明不限于图示的实施例，可包括其他需要利用诸如可开翼片或铰接舌瓣增加支承管支承面的解决办法。

Claims (5)

1.在有流动流体的加压管道(1)内临时安装膨胀体(8)的方法，包括如下步骤：管道上设置定位单元(2)，其位置要使得膨胀体在安装时，管子表面与定位单元之间形成密封，该定位单元加长件(12)上的孔槽(3)中插入钻头或截流工具(7)，加长件装有密封件(4)，目的是在钻头或截流工具(7)已插入槽内时，密封该孔槽，还装有阀门装置(5)，利用装在孔槽和空腔(6)之间的截流工具或钻头可打开，钻孔后，取下钻头，然后阀门装置自动关闭，借助于截流工具通过定位单元的孔槽，特膨胀体插入管道，其特征是截流工具(7)与附带的膨胀体(8)一起封装在管形支承(9)内，管形支承(4)下部渐渐形成半柱面(10)，开口朝向管道流动流体，当膨胀体借助于截流工具(7)通过管形支承(9)插入管道(1)时，在膨胀体(8)以后扩充，截止流体流动过程中作为膨胀体(8)的支承使用。
2.实施如权利要求1所述方法的装置，其特征在于：管形支承(9)由薄壁管构成，在定位单元加长件(12)内可垂直移动，用密封件(4)密封，上部有一套环(13)，将支承管(9)相对于加长件(12)固定在位，利用锁紧装置(14)，借助于锁定卡箍(15)将其固定，后者是用转动方法将其连在加长件上的，支承管伸进管道(1)部分渐渐形成半柱面(10)，开口(11)朝向管道流体流动方向。
3.如权利要求2所述的装置，其特征在于：锁紧装置(14)装有弹簧加载(19)锁紧筒体(16)，当支承管(9)在定位单元(2)和加长件(12)内时，通过锁紧销与凹槽(17)啮合和带有膨胀体(8)的截流工具已插入管道(1)后，通过锁紧销与凹槽(18)啮合，将截流工具(7)固定就位。
4.如权利要求2所述的装置，其特征在于：管形支承(9)伸进管道部分渐渐形成半柱面，面向管道流体流动方向的平面装有两个横向滑动舌瓣(20a和20b)，单独在两个沟槽(21)内，与水平面成45°角滑动，每个舌瓣靠与杆平面相连的两个带头销(22)操纵，每个舌瓣(20a，20b)上有两个凹槽(23)，当舌瓣作相互重叠回程运动时，使相应舌瓣销(22)通过。
5.如权利要求4所述的装置，其特征在于：回程位置的舌瓣(20a，20b)下端，在其杆下端下面的距离大于表示沟槽(21)垂直高度的距离。
CN95103554A 1994-04-08 1995-03-25 管道截流的方法和装置 Expired - Fee Related CN1052295C (zh)

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SE9401189-7 1994-04-08
SE94011897 1994-04-08
SE9401189A SE502633C2 (sv) 1994-04-08 1994-04-08 Metod och anordning vid blockering av fluidum i en trycksatt ledning

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CN1127862A CN1127862A (zh) 1996-07-31
CN1052295C true CN1052295C (zh) 2000-05-10

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US (1) US5524661A (zh)
EP (1) EP0676578B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1052295C (zh)
BR (1) BR9501001A (zh)
CZ (1) CZ285627B6 (zh)
DE (2) DE676578T1 (zh)
PL (1) PL176327B1 (zh)
RU (1) RU2097645C1 (zh)
SE (1) SE502633C2 (zh)

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SE460073B (sv) * 1986-12-04 1989-09-04 Anne Wikengaard Heed Anordning foer tillfaellig blockering av fluidumledning

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DE69516450T2 (de) 2000-11-23
DE69516450D1 (de) 2000-05-31
US5524661A (en) 1996-06-11
SE9401189D0 (sv) 1994-04-08
SE502633C2 (sv) 1995-11-27
RU95103553A (ru) 1997-05-20
MX9501390A (es) 1998-08-30
EP0676578A1 (en) 1995-10-11
PL176327B1 (pl) 1999-05-31
CZ285627B6 (cs) 1999-10-13
SE9401189L (sv) 1995-10-09
CZ89095A3 (en) 1995-11-15
BR9501001A (pt) 1995-11-07
CN1127862A (zh) 1996-07-31
PL308041A1 (en) 1995-10-16
DE676578T1 (de) 1996-06-27
EP0676578B1 (en) 2000-04-26
RU2097645C1 (ru) 1997-11-27

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