CN1052262C

CN1052262C - A process for the production of dried algal biomass from spirulina

Info

Publication number: CN1052262C
Application number: CN93107642A
Authority: CN
Inventors: C·V·塞沙德里; B·V·尤米什
Original assignee: NATIONAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CORP
Current assignee: NATIONAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT CORP; National Research Development Corp of India
Priority date: 1993-05-31
Filing date: 1993-05-31
Publication date: 2000-05-10
Anticipated expiration: 2013-05-31
Also published as: CN1096052A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a process for the production of dried algal biomass from spirulina, which is characterized in that cultivation steps are separated. A first step is carried out in a reactor which contains a nutrient medium and can receive photons in a range of 1500 to 2000 lux. Once the desired optical density is obtained, the cultivation and the growth of a second step of a nutrient material is carried out in nutritive matter by a natural method. The primary light density is 0.1 to 0.5. Once satisfactory optical density is obtained, the nutrient material is harvested, filtrated, washed and dried.

Description

A kind of method of producing exsiccant algae bio amount from Spirullina

The present invention relates to a kind of method of producing exsiccant algae bio amount from Spirullina.

Know that usually Spirullina is a kind of microalgae that contains valuable nutrition and rich in proteins.And Spirullina contains fabulous β-Hu Luobusu (vitamin A unit) vitamins B that comprises ₁, B ₂, B ₆, B ₁₂, C, E and H (vitamin H).Spirullina also demonstrates has gamma-linolenic acid and alpha-linolenic acid, and it two is materials very main in anti-disease.

The known helical Trentepohlia has various bacterial strains for example Spirulina maxima, Spirulinaplatensis, salt pool spirulina, spindle spirulina.Anticly, carry out so far and in the literature the major part research of report be about maxima and platensis bacterial strain, the spindle spirulina has been carried out or has reported very limited research in the literature.About the research of spirulina mnxima Appl.Microbiol Biotechnol (24,1,47-50) the existing report of 1986 Coden..This research relates to a large amount of Spirulina of cultivation maxima in seawater, mentions the influence of nitrogenous source to the biomass productive rate especially.According to this report, use each to have 3 meters ²6 PVC ponds on exposure surface are from outdoor cultivation Spirulina maxima bacterial strain 4MX in year August in September, 1984 to 1985.From in July, 1985 to August, also use 10 meters of surface-area ²3 cement pits.Seawater replenishes to contain NaHCO ₃, KNO ₃Or urea, K ₂HOP ₄Or H ₃PO ₄Nutritional medium with Fe EDTA.Compare with the supercarbonate substratum of the standard of use, use urea few in the extreme as the average year biomass productive rate of nitrogenous source.For seawater and nitrate, productive rate further reduces to 5.2 gram/rice ²/ day.Japanese Patent no.61031095 discloses a kind of method for preparing the thickness polysaccharide from salt pool spirulina.Such method is that a salt pool spirulina is inoculated into and contains NaHCO ₃, MgSO ₄, A ₅Solution, K ₂HOP ₄, CaCl ₂, NaNO ₃, FeSO ₄, NaCl, EDTA nutritional medium on, A wherein ₅Solution is by H ₃BO ₃, MnCl ₂, ZnSO ₄7H ₂O and H ₂SO ₄Form.Under 4000 luminescent lamps of reining in, cultivate.Collect algae and containing NaCl and Na ₂CO ₃The aqueous solution in 90 ℃ of heating.

Known use contains nitrate and phosphatic alkaline nutritional medium and grows on agar slant and preserve bacterium, inferior incubation time 30-40 days.Such culture is moved in the glass altar the identical substratum of use further cultivate inferior incubation time 30-40 days.Prepare the fluid preservation bacterium and kept 30-40 days by sterilising medium composition respectively.The inoculum that such fluid preservation bacterium is used to have same medium is grown, and reins under the dark condition at 8000-10000 and to preserve.Be used for shaking these jars every day repeatedly before the outdoor pond.About 90 days of total time of Shi Yonging in the method.Only can utilize such method, produce the finished product, promptly about 90 days through after considerable time in the intermittent type mode.

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of improved method of avoiding the currently known methods shortcoming from Spirullina production exsiccant algae bio amount.

Another object of the present invention provides out the method that a kind of production has the exsiccant algae bio amount of required quality, productive rate about 85%, and the production time is reduced to for example 40 days in large quantities.

According to the present invention, a kind of method of producing exsiccant algae bio amount from Spirullina is provided, this method comprises: in the first step, in containing nutraceutical first reactor, cultivate Spirullina, this nutrition contains the sodium bicarbonate in water medium, SODIUMNITRATE, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate (dipotassium phosphate), trace element is zinc and vanadium for example, and reception 1500-2000 reins in the photon in the scope, produce the inoculum of optical density(OD) in the 0.8-1.2 scope of measuring in 420 nanometers (namometers), make inoculum stand the cultivation of second step by inoculum being introduced second reactor, this reactor is bigger and be exposed in the sunlight and receive 4000-6000 and rein in photon in the scope than first reactor, said second reactor contains nutrition and natural water, the initial light density of culture is in the 0.1-0.8 scope at 420 nano measurements, the results culture filters during optical density(OD) 1-1.2, washing and dried culture obtain required algae bio amount.

Anticly, have now found that when cultivating the spirulina bacterial strain in the reactor that separates at two, yield that is improved and short production cycle, wherein, first reactor receives 1500-2000 and reins in photon in the scope and produce the culture of optical density(OD) in the 0.3-1.2 scope at 420 nano measurements.In second reactor, the initial light density of culture is in the 0.1-0.5 scope.Results culture when optical density(OD) 1-1.2.Filter culture, filtrate and washing water are back to second reactor.

Useful in the method for the invention spirulina bacterial classification is Spirulina maxima, Spirulina platensis and spindle spirulina.Preparing culture, results culture in the pond, separate and wash biomass, drying or make biomass stand dehydration from growth medium is general in the prior art known step.Yet preparing step, the parameter of culture and finish the method in per step in two steps of separating is not known in the prior art.

The first step of culture growth is the introducing of the inoculum of Spirullina is contained in first reactor of nutritional medium.Preferably, the ratio of nutritional medium and inoculum is 3: 1 to 4: 1.The nutritional medium that adopts in the first step of culture growth is included in the water-bearing media, as the sodium bicarbonate in the distilled water, SODIUMNITRATE, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and trace element for example zinc and vanadium.And 25-35 ℃ temperature, culture receives 1500-2000 and reins in the interior photon of scope.Continuing such processing is 0.8-1.2 until the optical density(OD) of inoculum at 420 nano measurements.Yet the photoabsorption in first reactor is chosen in wavelength 450-870 nanometer.Normally, in 15-20 days time, reach such optical density(OD).

Second step of culture growth is the inoculum injection production pond of the first step or injects to remove to contain natural water, for example second reactor that contains nutritional medium that is similar to first reactor outside the seawater.Reactor design or pond are so that help culture to flow in shallow concentric channels like this.20-30 centimetre the culture degree of depth helps continuing to produce.The bigger degree of depth is not significant to help, because the irradiation in culture is restricted thoroughly.According to the size of the optical density(OD) of measuring, for example monitor the growth of Spirullina by spectrophotometric juice.

Culture in second reactor is accepted the processing that 4000-6000 reins in the photon in the scope.Can place second reactor after the ground grading, second reactor can be grown 60 meters, wide 15 meters, dark 30 centimetres, and it is carefully adjusted the gradient so that guarantee mobile stably.A large amount of culturing steps need the size of the amount of monitoring every day N.P.O in culture and optical density(OD) to allow to correct control with so that the nutrition of culture growth.For example be benchmark with the every day, the fluctuation of the nitrate nitrogen of 40 mg/litre to 500 mg/litre is disadvantageous to good growth, yet the fluctuation of 40-80 mg/litre does not have that this is unfavorable.Similarly, reuptake the amount that can reduce nitrate nitrogen in the culture into, can reach this amount by stirring inoculum by being dissolved into culture neutralization again.Concentration 40 mg/litre to 500 mg/litre of the nitrogen that the SODIUMNITRATE from be included in nutritional medium discharges are used for second reactor.Once measure feeding or nutrition is sent into by method for programming nutraceutical and also guaranteed required condition in the reactor by sinusoidal curve feeding or the like.The substratum of the culturing step in second reactor can contain the algae bio amount of 500-3000 mg/litre.

The amount of the sodium bicarbonate in the nutritional medium approximately is 10 grams per liters by embodiment.

The stir culture thing helps to promote the biomass growth in the photosynthesis time.Be used in the flow velocity that reaches in the pond and represent the degree that stirs.Usually, for this purpose, think that the flow velocity of 20-40 cel suits.Preferably, finish stirring in second reactor with the speed of 5-25 cel.Constant stirs and reduces oversaturated degree of oxygen and pericellular vegetative gradient.Saturating when restricted when irradiation, cause the favourable radiation profiles of cell growth in thick culture by stirring the eddy current that forms.Spirullina need be in order to the carbon of synthetic carbohydrate, and mainly the mode with sodium bicarbonate provides carbon, and Spirullina makes growth medium become alkalescence, has got rid of other forms of microbial growth in substratum thus.Normally in the pond, total alkalinity remains between the 8-10 grams per liter.

Filter algal cultures by any suitable means, contain nutraceutical filtrate cycle and enter in second reactor or the pond.By embodiment, finish washing from 50-400 purpose washing filter by a series of mesh size scopes.By the water spray washing leaching cake, thus, the PH that reduces algae is to also concentrating soup compound to carry out drying step subsequently near neutrality.Can finish drying by spraying drying 110-210 ℃ temperature.

The exsiccant biomass that is used for the human consumption by the inventive method preparation has following feature:

Protein (Kjeldahl determination several 6.25) 60-70%

C-phycocyanin 8.5-11%

Carbohydrate 14-16%

Linolenic acid 3.9 and 28% lipoid

Lipoid 6-7%, vitamins B 20-60 microgram

Moisture 6-8%, vitamin-E, 7-8 international unit

Total carotinoid 200-250 milligram/100 grams

Calcium 600 milligrams/100 grams

Vitamins B ₂Milligram/100 grams

Phosphrocus 00 milligram/100 grams

Vitamins B ₅1-2 milligram/100 grams

Zinc 5-7 milligram/100 grams

Iron 40 milligrams/100 grams

The present invention allows to use natural water outdoor cultivation algae under natural light.The prior art rapid with using multistep more compared, and reactor series was two steps, can carry out economic operation thus.

By embodiment and do not comprise any restriction to it, the nutraceutical concentration that keeps in second reactor or pond is as follows:

Nitrogen: 400-425 mg/litre

Potassium: 660-680 mg/litre

Phosphorus (Phosphours): 80-100 mg/litre

Calcium and magnesium: in lime carbonate 70-90 mg/litre

Sulphur: 160-190 mg/litre

Muriate: 550-650 mg/litre

Sodium: 5000-6500 mg/litre

Claims

1, a kind of method of producing exsiccant algae bio amount from Spirullina, comprise, in the first step, in containing nutraceutical first reactor, cultivate Spirullina, this nutrition contains the sodium bicarbonate in water-bearing media, SODIUMNITRATE, potassium primary phosphate, trace element is zinc and vanadium for example, and reception 1500-2000 reins in the photon in the scope, produce the inoculum of optical density(OD) in the 0.8-1.2 scope that has at 420 nano measurements, make inoculum stand the cultivation in second step by inoculum being introduced second reactor, this reactor is bigger and be exposed in the sunlight and receive 4000-6000 and rein in photon in the scope than first reactor, said second reactor contains nutrition and natural water, the initial light density of culture is in the 0.1-0.8 scope at 420 nano measurements, results culture when optical density(OD) 1-1.2, filter, washing and dried culture obtain required algae bio amount.

2, carry out the first step that culture is produced according to the process of claim 1 wherein at temperature 25-35 ℃.

3, according to the method for claim 1 and 2, wherein the amount of sodium bicarbonate approximately is 10 grams per liters in nutritional medium.

4, according to the method for claim 1-3, wherein the photoabsorption in first reactor is chosen between the wavelength 450-870 nanometer.

5, according to the method for claim 1-4, wherein the concentration of the nitrogen that the SODIUMNITRATE from be included in nutritional medium discharges in second reactor is 40 mg/litre to 500 mg/litre.

6, according to the method for claim 1-5, wherein finish the stirring of inoculum in second reactor with the speed of 5-25 cel.

7,, wherein use a series of an ancient swallowtailed flag order magnitude range to finish washing from 50 orders-400 purpose washing filter according to the method for claim 1-6.

8, according to the method for claim 1-7, wherein in 110 ° of-120 ℃ of scopes of temperature, finish drying.