CN105215357A - Aluminium, aluminium alloy and aluminum matrix composite laser fast forming method - Google Patents
Aluminium, aluminium alloy and aluminum matrix composite laser fast forming method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105215357A CN105215357A CN201510606543.2A CN201510606543A CN105215357A CN 105215357 A CN105215357 A CN 105215357A CN 201510606543 A CN201510606543 A CN 201510606543A CN 105215357 A CN105215357 A CN 105215357A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
A kind of aluminium, aluminium alloy and aluminum matrix composite laser fast forming method, step one utilizes computer to set up geometrical model, generates forming path; Step 2 manufactures vacuum or protective gas processing environment; Step 3 supplies raw material to machining area, and utilizes the laser that wavelength is 700-900nm, melts supply raw material step 4 and judges whether processing completes, otherwise, enter step 3, the lower one deck of scanning, be then, enter step 5, the supply raw material that step 5 clearing and retrieving is unnecessary; Step 6 takes out product.Make use of the high-absorbable that aluminium, aluminium alloy and aluminum matrix composite are the laser of 700nm-900nm to wavelength fully, decrease the reflection to laser of aluminium, aluminium alloy and aluminum matrix composite to greatest extent, make energy utilization efficiency in its forming process high, forming speed is fast, and forming accuracy is high, achieve the rapid of 3D printing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of RP technique, be specifically related to a kind of aluminium, aluminium alloy and aluminum matrix composite laser fast forming method.
Background technology
Laser Rapid Prototyping Technique is the class technology grown up based on the laser multilayer melting and coating technique of upper world phase at the end of the seventies.This technology is by adopting Computer Design digital model, and by control with computational intelligence, material is successively cumulative shaping, and finally realizing the entity parts with 3 D complex structure, is a typical Digitized manufacturing, green intelligent manufacturing technology.Current Laser Rapid Prototyping Technique mainly comprises stereo lithography, layer separated growth technology, the clean forming technique of Laser Near, selective laser sintering (SLS) technology, selective laser melting forming technique etc., and wherein the laser fast forming of metal structure depends on the realizations such as the clean forming technique of Laser Near, selective laser sintering (SLS) technology, selective laser melting forming technique.
Aluminium is little owing to having density, and intensity is high, low temperature resistant, and conduction, thermal conductivity are good, the advantages such as ductility is good, makes aluminium, aluminium alloy and aluminum matrix composite obtain extensive use in the various aspects of national economy and national defense industry.The Laser Rapid Prototyping Technique for aluminium, aluminium alloy and aluminum matrix composite of current development depends on selective laser sintering (SLS) and selective laser melting forming technique, and its LASER Light Source adopted is mainly optical fiber laser and Nd:YAG laser instrument.Because aluminium, aluminium alloy and aluminum matrix composite are carrying out in laser forming process, there is higher reflectivity, its research in laser fast forming lags behind other metal material, therefore, is suitable for the laser fast forming method of aluminium, aluminium alloy and aluminum matrix composite in the urgent need to development.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, propose a kind of, utilize the laser that wavelength is 700nm-900nm, to aluminium, aluminium alloy and aluminum matrix composite laser fast forming method, take full advantage of the high-absorbable that aluminium, aluminium alloy and aluminum matrix composite are the laser of 700nm-900nm to wavelength, make its in 3D print procedure energy utilization efficiency and forming efficiency higher, and it is more accurate to be shaped, and concrete technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of aluminium, aluminium alloy and aluminum matrix composite laser fast forming method, is characterized in that: concrete steps are,
Step one: utilize computer to set up geometrical model, generates forming path;
Step 2: manufacture vacuum or protective gas processing environment;
Step 3: to machining area supply raw material, and utilize the laser that wavelength is 700-900nm, melt supply raw material
Step 4: judge whether processing completes, otherwise enter step 3, the lower one deck of scanning, is then, enters step 5;
Step 5: the supply raw material that clearing and retrieving is unnecessary;
Step 6: take out product.
To better implement the present invention, may further be:
Described its air pressure range of vacuum processing environment is 1 × 10
-5pa is to 1 × 10
4pa.
Described manufacture protective gas processing environment concrete grammar is:
2.1 pairs of airtight process chamber extracting vacuum;
2.2 add protective gas to airtight process chamber.Adopt and first vacuumize the method adding protective gas afterwards, simple to operate, realize easily.
It is blow protective gas to the machining area opened that described step 2 manufactures protective gas processing environment concrete grammar.Its machining area can be open, is not subject to the restriction of converted products shape and size.
Described step 3 is specially,
3.1 to machining area supply raw material; 3.2 unlatching wavelength are the laser of 700 ~ 900nm.
Described step 3 can also be specifically,
3.1 unlatching wavelength are the laser of 700 ~ 900nm; 3.2 to machining area supply raw material.According to difference supply raw material, select first to open laser or supply raw material, make it use raw material wider, expand the range of application of this method.
Described supply raw material employing diameter is the dusty material of 100nm-500 μm, or diameter of section is the filate material of 10 μm of-5mm; Or cross-sectional width is 10 μm of-10mm, and thickness is the strip material of 10 μm of-5mm.
The supply mode of described dusty material for utilizing nozzle directly to machining area spray feed, or utilizes power spreading device to lay at machining area, and the supply mode of described filate or strip material is carried to machining area for adopting conveying mechanism.
Described wavelength is the laser of 700nm-900nm is continuous laser, or is pulse laser, or is quasi-continuous lasing.
In described step 5, the concrete mode of the lower one deck of scanning is, after having scanned one deck, laser beam foucing is raised one deck, or for machining area is reduced one deck.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: make use of the high-absorbable that aluminium, aluminium alloy and aluminum matrix composite are the laser of 700nm-900nm to wavelength fully, decrease the reflection to laser of aluminium, aluminium alloy and aluminum matrix composite to greatest extent, make energy utilization efficiency in its forming process high, forming speed is fast, and forming accuracy is high, achieve the rapid of 3D printing; Whole process is carried out under the environment of vacuum or protective gas, its processing component is not contacted with air, ensure that the quality of converted products; Adopt wavelength to be the laser forming of 700nm-900nm, make it apply material and feeding style is all various, make the range of application of 3D printing technique more extensive, be convenient to the Rapid Popularization application of 3D printing technique.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, can be easier to make advantages and features of the invention be readily appreciated by one skilled in the art, thus more explicit defining is made to protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1: embodiment one: a kind of aluminium, aluminium alloy and aluminum matrix composite laser fast forming method, is characterized in that: concrete steps are,
Step one: utilize computer to set up the geometrical model of constructed of aluminium device for being shaped, and slicing delamination is carried out to the geometrical model of design, the scanning pattern that planning is shaped, select rational forming parameter;
Step 2: vacuumize operation to the closed chamber in airtight working chamber mechanism, reaches 1 × 10 taking out true pressure
-5pa is to 1 × 10
4during Pa scope, stop extracting vacuum, protective gas mechanism, again to closed chamber input protection gas, as argon gas, forms working region;
Step 3: subglobose aluminium alloy (AlSi10Mg) powder of 20 μm-80 μm paving overlays on the forming board in airtight working chamber mechanism by feeding system, to spread the thickness covered be 30 μm-100 μm, opening wavelength is the laser of 808nm, melts aluminium alloy (AlSi10Mg) powder;
Step 4: judge whether processing completes, otherwise in laser transmitting system, the laser beam foucing of lasing light emitter rises one deck, enters step 3, carries out lower one deck scanning operation, be then, enter step 3;
Step 5: the supply raw material that clearing and retrieving is unnecessary;
Step 6: take out product.
According to when showing that laser wavelength range is 800nm ~ 850nm to the great many of experiments of Al alloy powder to laser absorption rate, the absorptivity of Al alloy powder has a peak value, absorptivity is more than 70%, wavelength is adopted to be that the laser of 808nm is as light source for processing in the present embodiment, make full use of the specific absorption rate peak of Al alloy powder, the energy can be saved to greatest extent, improve forming efficiency.
Embodiment 2: a kind of aluminium, aluminium alloy and aluminum matrix composite laser fast forming method, is characterized in that: concrete steps are,
Step one: utilize computer to set up the geometrical model of constructed of aluminium device for being shaped, and slicing delamination is carried out to the geometrical model of design, the scanning pattern that planning is shaped, select rational forming parameter;
Step 2: blow protective gas, as argon gas to the machining area opened;
Step 3: opening wavelength is the laser of 808nm, then be the filate material of 10 μm of-5mm to machining area supply diameter of section, or cross-sectional width is 10 μm of-10mm, and thickness is the strip material raw material of 10 μm of-5mm, utilizes laser will supply raw material and melt;
Step 4: judge whether processing completes, otherwise decline forming disk one deck, enters step 3 and continues processing, and the lower one deck of scanning, is then, enters step 5;
Step 5: the supply raw material that clearing and retrieving is unnecessary;
Step 6: take out product.
Claims (10)
1. aluminium, aluminium alloy and an aluminum matrix composite laser fast forming method, is characterized in that: concrete steps are,
Step one: utilize computer to set up geometrical model, generates forming path;
Step 2: manufacture vacuum or protective gas processing environment;
Step 3: to machining area supply raw material, and utilize wavelength to be the laser of 700 ~ 900nm, melt supply raw material;
Step 4: judge whether processing completes, otherwise enter step 3, the lower one deck of scanning then enters step 5;
Step 5: the supply raw material that clearing and retrieving is unnecessary;
Step 6: take out product.
2. aluminium, aluminium alloy and aluminum matrix composite laser fast forming method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described its air pressure range of vacuum processing environment is 1 × 10
-5pa is to 1 × 10
4pa.
3. aluminium, aluminium alloy and aluminum matrix composite laser fast forming method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step 2 manufactures protective gas processing environment concrete grammar and is:
2.1 pairs of airtight process chamber extracting vacuum;
2.2 add protective gas to airtight process chamber.
4. aluminium, aluminium alloy and aluminum matrix composite laser fast forming method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step 3 is specially,
3.1 to machining area supply raw material;
3.2 unlatching wavelength are the laser of 700 ~ 900nm.
5. aluminium, aluminium alloy and aluminum matrix composite laser fast forming method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step 3 is specially,
3.1 unlatching wavelength are the laser of 700 ~ 900nm;
3.2 to machining area supply raw material.
6. aluminium, aluminium alloy and aluminum matrix composite laser fast forming method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: manufacturing protective gas processing environment concrete grammar in described step 2 is blow protective gas to the machining area opened.
7. aluminium, aluminium alloy and aluminum matrix composite laser fast forming method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described supply raw material adopt diameter to be the dusty material of 100nm-500 μm, or diameter of section is the filate material of 10 μm of-5mm; Or cross-sectional width is 10 μm of-10mm, and thickness is the strip material of 10 μm of-5mm.
8. aluminium, aluminium alloy and aluminum matrix composite laser fast forming method according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: the supply mode of described dusty material is for utilizing nozzle directly to machining area spray feed, or utilize power spreading device to lay at machining area, the supply mode of described filate or strip material is carried to machining area for adopting conveying mechanism.
9. aluminium, aluminium alloy and aluminum matrix composite laser fast forming method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described wavelength is the laser of 700nm-900nm is continuous laser, or is pulse laser, or is quasi-continuous lasing.
10. aluminium, aluminium alloy and aluminum matrix composite laser fast forming method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step 5, the concrete mode of the lower one deck of scanning is, after having scanned one deck, laser beam foucing is raised one deck, or for machining area is reduced one deck.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510606543.2A CN105215357A (en) | 2015-09-22 | 2015-09-22 | Aluminium, aluminium alloy and aluminum matrix composite laser fast forming method |
| PCT/CN2016/099546 WO2017050226A1 (en) | 2015-09-22 | 2016-09-21 | Method of laser-forming aluminum |
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| CN201510606543.2A CN105215357A (en) | 2015-09-22 | 2015-09-22 | Aluminium, aluminium alloy and aluminum matrix composite laser fast forming method |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106256473A (en) * | 2016-10-20 | 2016-12-28 | 中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院 | A kind of Laser Rapid Prototyping System for aluminium wire and method |
| WO2017050226A1 (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2017-03-30 | 重庆塞拉雷利科技有限公司 | Method of laser-forming aluminum |
| CN106583720A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-04-26 | 南通金源智能技术有限公司 | 3D printing manufacturing method for aluminum base graphene alloy thin-walled vane |
| CN110977349A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-04-10 | 宁波德豪模架有限公司 | Machining process for aero-engine moving bracket |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2017050226A1 (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2017-03-30 | 重庆塞拉雷利科技有限公司 | Method of laser-forming aluminum |
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| CN106583720A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-04-26 | 南通金源智能技术有限公司 | 3D printing manufacturing method for aluminum base graphene alloy thin-walled vane |
| CN110977349A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-04-10 | 宁波德豪模架有限公司 | Machining process for aero-engine moving bracket |
| CN110977349B (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2021-08-17 | 宁波德豪模架有限公司 | Machining process for aero-engine moving bracket |
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Effective date of registration: 20180104 Address after: No. 266, fangzheng Avenue, water and soil Town, Beibei District, Chongqing City, Chongqing Applicant after: Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Address before: 400714 Beibei City, soil and water district, the town of Fangzheng Avenue, No. 256 Applicant before: CHONGQING SAILING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. |
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Application publication date: 20160106 |