CN105201506B - The mining methods of afterwards filling are reinforced before a kind of heir - Google Patents
The mining methods of afterwards filling are reinforced before a kind of heir Download PDFInfo
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- CN105201506B CN105201506B CN201510560777.8A CN201510560777A CN105201506B CN 105201506 B CN105201506 B CN 105201506B CN 201510560777 A CN201510560777 A CN 201510560777A CN 105201506 B CN105201506 B CN 105201506B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000003245 working effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 15
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The present invention discloses the mining methods that afterwards filling is reinforced before a kind of heir, including step is：1) lower dry stowing station is configured, in the country rock of ore body top, parallel ore bodies upper lower burrs both sides and several Filling Stations are set respectively along orebody trend；2) set filling drop shaft, along orebody trend in ore body upper lower burrs both sides, several filling drop shafts are set, fill the upper end of drop shaft and then dry stowing station, go directly ore body for lower end；3) dig from steady roadway group；4) development layout is carried out to ore body using sublevel caving method without sill pillar；5) use and determine that method is segmented to ore body with sublevel caving method without sill pillar identical height of lift；6) exploited using sublevel caving method without sill pillar；7) fill；8) repeat step 6) and 7) until ore body is all produced and filled and finishes from top to down.The mining methods had both had the advantages that the efficient of sublevel caving method without sill pillar, safety, production capacity were big, and it is possible to prevente effectively from caused by Caving Method with Large Space the shortcomings of subsidence.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of underground mining method, add especially for before a kind of heir of buried high-dipping middle thickness orebody
Gu the mining methods of afterwards filling.
Background technology
At present, non-pillar sublevel caving mining methods are most widely used in underground mine.Such a method and other method
Compared to simple in construction, flexibility is high, and security is good, and mining preparation work amount is small, and process for stoping is simple, and mechanization degree height etc. is excellent
Point, but the most basic applicable elements of this method are that earth's surface allows to collapse.Now due to the continuous innovation of national policy, more and more
Mining area surface does not allow to collapse, and such sublevel caving method without sill pillar just loses its applicable elements, its advantage protruded
It cannot play.
The content of the invention
In order to solve technical problem set forth above, the invention provides the mining side that afterwards filling is reinforced before a kind of heir
Method, mainly for the exploitation of buried high-dipping middle thickness orebody, the mining methods had both had efficient, the peace of sublevel caving method without sill pillar
Entirely, the advantages of production capacity is big, and it is possible to prevente effectively from caused by Caving Method with Large Space the shortcomings of subsidence.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
The mining methods of afterwards filling are reinforced before a kind of heir, are comprised the following steps：
1) lower dry stowing station is configured, in the country rock of ore body top, parallel ore bodies upper lower burrs both sides and along orebody trend
Several Filling Stations are set respectively；
2) filling drop shaft is set, several filling drop shafts are set in ore body upper lower burrs both sides along orebody trend, filling drop shaft
Upper end and then dry stowing station, go directly ore body for lower end；
3) dig from steady roadway group, dug in the country rock of ore body top it is several parallel to orebody trend from steady tunnel, should
Arranged from steady roadway group in upper country rock in fan-like pattern；
4) development layout, development layout is carried out using the adopt quasi- technique similar to sublevel caving method without sill pillar to ore body；
5) determine that method carries out step-by-step arrangement to ore body using with sublevel caving method without sill pillar identical height of lift, by ore deposit
Body is from top to bottom divided into the 1st, 2 ... n sections；
6) dig up mine, the 1st section of ore body is exploited using sublevel caving method without sill pillar, retrusive is carried out in stope drift active workings
Back production, a working cycles：Complete long and medium hole drilling, powder charge, explosion and the ore removal operation of an ore caving interval ore body；
7) fill, filling operation is carried out using the filled station of dry stowing material and the split goaf of filling drop shaft；
8) repeat step 6) and 7) until ore body is all produced and filled and finishes from top to down.
Above-mentioned mining methods, step 2) in filling drop shaft inclination angle with respect to the horizontal plane be α, 45 ° of ＜ α≤60 ° (due to
The natural repose angle of broken ore and dry stowing material is all within 45 °).
Above-mentioned mining methods, step 3) in all set in every tunnel Bolt to carry out supporting.
Above-mentioned mining methods, step 4) specifically, according to ore stability and the rock drilling apparatus of middle deep hole used institute
Adaptable height, determines that method determines ore body height of lift, edge using with sublevel caving method without sill pillar identical height of lift
Orebody trend arranges stope drift active workings, adjacent stope drift active workings interlaced arrangement, and the plan that every stope drift active workings are undertaken digs up mine body for rhombogen.
Above-mentioned mining methods, step 7) filling, it need not be filled initial stage in mining operations, top ore body is according to bottomless
After column sectional Mining by caving method operation, it can be collapsed automatically shape positioned at the country rock between steady roadway group and ore body upper bound
Into certain volume from steady dead zone, and coating is formed on ore body, with constantly moving down for mining operations face, held from steady dead zone
It is continuous to become big, until being reached from steady dead zone after safety and stability value, then start packing job.
The invention has the advantages that：
1. the invention is compared with sublevel caving method without sill pillar, because structure type Harvesting equipment is identical, therefore with safety, height
Effect, ability are big, low cost and other advantages；And the present invention carries out dry stowing with the progress of actual mining to goaf, continues
Maintain certain volume from steady dead zone, prevent that dead zone volume is excessive, it is ensured that from steady roadway group " pressure arch " in the country rock of top
The lasting formation of effect, effectively prevent the problem of earth's surface avalanche is collapsed.
2. the present invention uses dry filling method, compared with slush and consolidated fill, dry stowing is with low cost, filling
Mining activity can be carried out after operation immediately, it is not necessary to wait the dehydration of slush and the maintenance of consolidated fill, ensure the person
While safe, mining efficiency is also improved.
3. the present invention carries out dry stowing using permanent filling drop shaft, the arrangement of various filling pipelines is eliminated, greatly
The big cost that reduces is also easy to maintenance management, and the drop shaft group of upper lower burrs parallel arrangement can be while operation, substantially increases and fill
Fill out efficiency.
4. the present invention is in the country rock of ore body top, the roadway group that fan-like pattern is arranged parallel to orebody trend is dug in advance, often
One tunnel all carries out supporting with Bolt and reaches certain supporting intensity.Due to the high stress of buried ore body country rock
Effect, the roadway layout of covering of the fan shape has automatically formed " pressure arch " effect, and the deadweight and high stress to overlying rock rise
Support effect is arrived.When carrying out Caving Method with Large Space mining from the ore body under steady roadway group, even if between roadway group and ore body
The avalanche for occurring country rock is collapsed, due to " pressure arch " effect, and roadway group bottom row can continue to keep from steady sky into one piece
Area, and the country rock of top will not occur avalanche and collapse, and thus effectively prevent and made because ore body top country rock persistently collapses
Into surface subsidence problem.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 illustrates in the mining methods to reinforce afterwards filling before a kind of heir of the invention along the mining structure of orebody trend
Figure.
Fig. 2 is A-A diagrammatic cross-sections in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is B-B diagrammatic cross-sections in Fig. 1.
Wherein 1- Filling Stations, 2- is from steady tunnel, and 3- is from steady dead zone, 4- ore bodies coboundary, 5- Bolts, 6- fillings
Drop shaft, 7- gobs, 8- is upper to fanhole(s), 9- ore bodies, 10- stope drift active workings.
Embodiment
The mining methods of afterwards filling are reinforced before a kind of heir, are comprised the following steps：
1) it is configured lower dry stowing station
Away from the certain distance of ore body coboundary 4, in the top country rock of ore body 9, moved towards along ore body 9, parallel to the upper lower burrs of ore body 9
Both sides set many places underground dry stowing station 1 every a segment distance (distance is depending on specific orebody trend length), for ground
Lower dry stowing parallel operations are used.
2) filling drop shaft is set
Moved towards along ore body 9 in ore body upper lower burrs both sides, and then underground dry stowing station 1 is dug inclination angle and is less than more than 45 degree
Filling drop shaft 6 equal to 60 degree, until sensible ore body 9, the filling afterbody of drop shaft 6 is directly contacted with ore body 9, the filling drop shaft 6 is made
For the circuit of later stage dry stowing.Moved towards along ore body 9, the filling drop shaft 6 cooperates every certain unit with dry stowing station 1
Distance is arranged parallel to orebody trend, the parallel filling drop shaft 6 groups existed as the upper lower burrs both sides of ore body 9, after
Can be while parallel operations, greatly improve pack effectiveness in dry stowing work.
3) dig from steady tunnel
Dig in advance from steady 2 groups of formation " pressure arch " effects in tunnel, in the top country rock of ore body 9, fan-like pattern is dug in advance
Be arranged parallel to orebody trend from steady 2 groups, tunnel, each all carries out supporting with Bolt 5 from steady tunnel 2 and reaches
To certain supporting intensity.Due to the high stress of buried ore body country rock, the roadway layout of covering of the fan shape automatically forms " pressure
Arch " effect, deadweight and high stress to overlying rock serve support effect.Enter when from the ore body 9 under steady 2 groups, tunnel
During row Caving Method with Large Space mining, even if the avalanche for occurring country rock between ore body 9 from steady 2 groups, tunnel is collapsed, due to " pressure arch "
Effect, one piece of dead zone 3 that can continue to keep itself firm can be still formed from steady 2 groups of lower sections in tunnel, and the country rock of top will not
Generation avalanche and collapse, thus effectively prevent because the top country rock of ore body 9 persistently collapses the surface subsidence problem caused.
4) development layout
Top is dug after the completion of arrangement for 2 groups from steady tunnel, and the ore actual mining design of bottom is substantially and bottom-column-free sectional
Caving Method with Large Space is similar.According to the adaptable height of ore stability and current rock drilling apparatus of middle deep hole institute, and then ore body top
Border is used determines that method determines that ore body is segmented distance with sublevel caving method without sill pillar identical height of lift.Along orebody trend water
Plain cloth puts stope drift active workings 10, the adjacent interlaced arrangement of stope drift active workings 10, and the plan that every stope drift active workings 10 are undertaken digs up mine body for rhombogen.
5) using determining that method is segmented to ore body with sublevel caving method without sill pillar identical height of lift, by ore body by
Up to be divided into the 1st down, 2 ... n sections.
6) dig up mine
Implement segmentation mining.Back production：Actual mining is similar to sublevel caving method without sill pillar, is all the route in stope drift active workings
Middle carry out drawing back, ore body long and medium hole drilling, powder charge, explosion, the ore removal of an ore caving interval are completed by extracting drift
Operation.On arranged to fanhole(s) 8：Dug in stope drift active workings 10 every the vertical top plate of stope drift active workings 10 of an ore caving interval
To fanhole(s) 8, for carrying out charge explosion.
7) fill
Filling operation is carried out to dead zone using Filling Station 1 and filling drop shaft 6, at mining operations initial stages, from steady roadway group with
Country rock between ore body can collapse automatically to be formed certain volume from steady dead zone 3, country rock forms coating on ore body 9,
The coating is that follow-up ore body 9 proceeds Caving Method with Large Space mining formation condition, the stage without carrying out packing job because
" pressure arch " effect formed from steady 2 groups, tunnel can maintain the formation from steady dead zone 3 of certain volume size, but with opening
Constantly moving down for the scope of operation is adopted, the lasting change from steady dead zone is big, and " pressure arch " effect can not maintain the stabilization from steady dead zone again, be
Ensure the lasting holding of " pressure arch " effect, packing job needs to proceed by this stage.It is the stage, complete in extracting drift
Into after the ore removal operation of an ore caving interval, the dry stowing material of selection suitable particle size is slipped by the way that underground dry stowing station is filled
Well is filled by deadweight to dead zone, it is ensured that substantially remain in the steady of safety from the dead zone volume of steady 2 groups of bottoms in tunnel
Definite value, makes persistently to keep stable from steady space, it is to avoid surface subsidence etc. is destroyed.
8) after the filling operation for completing an ore caving interval, the next ore caving interval of back production repeats above-mentioned two step, directly
Finished to a complete back production of segmentation and filling.
9) process next by back production and filling is extended to next segment level, repeats the above steps and proceeds back
Adopt and filling operation.By that analogy, until ore body is all produced and filled and finishes from top to bottom.
The mining methods have carried out experimental applications in Anshan iron ore experiment stope, and significantly, achievement is protruded effect, it was demonstrated that its
Feasibility.
Claims (4)
1. the mining methods of afterwards filling are reinforced before a kind of heir, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1) lower dry stowing station is configured, in the country rock of ore body top, parallel ore bodies upper lower burrs both sides and is distinguished along orebody trend
Several Filling Stations are set；
2) filling drop shaft is set, several filling drop shafts are set in ore body upper lower burrs both sides along orebody trend, the upper end of drop shaft is filled
And then dry stowing station, go directly ore body for lower end；
3) dig from steady roadway group, dug in the country rock of ore body top it is several parallel to orebody trend from steady tunnel, should be from steady
Roadway group is in upper country rock in fan-shaped arrangement；
4) development layout, development layout is carried out using the adopt quasi- technique similar to sublevel caving method without sill pillar to ore body；
5) using with sublevel caving method without sill pillar identical height of lift determine method to ore body carry out step-by-step arrangement, by ore body by
Up to be divided into the 1st down, 2 ... n sections；
6) dig up mine, the 1st section of ore body is exploited using sublevel caving method without sill pillar, retrusive is carried out in stope drift active workings and is returned
Adopt, a working cycles：Complete long and medium hole drilling, powder charge, explosion and the ore removal operation of an ore caving interval ore body；
7) fill, filling operation is carried out using the filled station of dry stowing material and the split goaf of filling drop shaft；In mining operations
Initial stage need not be filled, after top ore body is according to sublevel caving method without sill pillar mining operations, positioned at from steady roadway group and ore deposit
Country rock between body upper bound can collapse automatically to be formed certain volume from steady dead zone, and on ore body formed covering
Layer, with constantly moving down for mining operations face, persistently becomes big from steady dead zone, until reached from steady dead zone after safety and stability value, then
Start packing job；
8) repeat step 6) and 7) until ore body is all produced and filled and finishes from top to down.
2. before a kind of heir according to claim 1 reinforce afterwards filling mining methods, it is characterised in that step 2) in fill
The inclination angle of drop shaft with respect to the horizontal plane is filled out for α, 45 ° of ＜ α≤60 °.
3. reinforce the mining methods of afterwards filling before a kind of heir according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 3) in it is every
Bolt is all set to carry out supporting in bar tunnel.
4. the mining methods of afterwards filling are reinforced before a kind of heir according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 4) it is specific
According to the adaptable height of ore stability and the rock drilling apparatus of middle deep hole used institute, to be collapsed using with bottom-column-free sectional
Fall method identical height of lift and determine that method determines ore body height of lift, stope drift active workings, adjacent back production lane are arranged along orebody trend
Road interlaced arrangement, the plan mining body that every stope drift active workings are undertaken is rhombogen.
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| CN105201506B true CN105201506B (en) | 2017-10-17 |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105909247A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-08-31 | 西南科技大学 | Non-pillar sublevel mining cemented filling mining method |
| CN106223955B (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2018-09-28 | 西北矿冶研究院 | Rhombic bench cemented filling mining method |
| CN106121647A (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2016-11-16 | 西北矿冶研究院 | Method for centralized recovery of lag pillars through fractional blasting |
| CN107605486B (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2019-05-31 | 西安科技大学 | A kind of mining methods suitable for deep metal mine |
| CN108398235B (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2020-03-20 | 东北大学 | Adjustable gentle-inclined medium-thickness ore body ore drawing test device |
| CN109490499B (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2021-02-05 | 长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司 | Dynamic monitoring and predicting method for water quality of filling body |
| CN113047835B (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2022-04-15 | 中南大学 | Deep well thick and large ore body mining method integrating emptying, caving and filling |
| CN113187481B (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2023-05-26 | 辽宁科技大学 | Filling mining method for centralized grouting caving stoping of overburden rock |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101737052B (en) * | 2009-12-28 | 2012-09-05 | 河北邯邢矿冶设计院有限公司 | Sublevel fill-mining method |
| CN101881169A (en) * | 2010-06-25 | 2010-11-10 | 东北大学 | Sublevel shrinkage caving stage open stope afterwards filling mining method |
| CN102261248B (en) * | 2011-08-15 | 2013-04-03 | 辽宁科技大学 | Sill-pillar-free stage caving stopping method based on creasing-type structure |
| CN102587915A (en) * | 2012-03-21 | 2012-07-18 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Induction caving mining method under artificial false roof |
| CN103437769B (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2015-10-28 | 中南大学 | Combination is reproduced structure medium-length hole ore blast and is worked in coordination with cable bolting afterwards filling mining method |
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