CN102587915A

CN102587915A - Induction caving mining method under artificial false roof

Info

Publication number: CN102587915A
Application number: CN2012100762044A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李俊平; 田显高; 黄九民; 孙锋刚; 郭进平; 寇坤; 胡杏保; 张雯
Original assignee: Xian University of Architecture and Technology
Current assignee: Xian University of Architecture and Technology
Priority date: 2012-03-21
Filing date: 2012-03-21
Publication date: 2012-07-18

Abstract

The invention relates to an induction caving mining method under an artificial false roof, which comprises the steps of first installing 1 layer to 2 layers of steel tube piles directly on a steeply-inclined stope roof and grouting to enhance the roof or directly gluing reinforced concrete to replace ore bodies to form the artificial roof, then gradually performing isokrates along the direction of a stope, simultaneously performing deep hole presplitting blasting gradually to cut down relations between the ore bodies and an upper disk and the ore bodies and a lower disk, and inducing the ore bodies to be naturally in inbreak. Thus, one or a plurality of middle section heights are prevented from being penetrated in an inbreak process of the ore bodies, and an upper portion water insulation layer is protected from being damaged. The induction caving mining method can induce natural inbreak of the stope ore bodies, saves explosive consumption of mining, can successfully insulate relations between the stope and the upper portion middle sections, prevents natural inbreak of the ore bodies from expanding upwards without limiting and protects the upper portion water insulation layer from being damaged.

Description

Induce the avalanche mining methods under the artificial false top

Technical field

The present invention relates to mining methods, particularly a kind of method of under artificial false top, inducing avalanche mining.

Background technology

Certain mining company use at present go up to horizontal slice sublevel cut and fill method exploitation-300m～-ore body in 180m stage casing.-have in more than 140 meter thick covering layer more than the 120m level overburden layer in the Quaternary Period (the base plate absolute altitude for-90m～-80m) with the Pleistocene series drift sand formation (60m～-50m).If the collapse breaks that causes of mining overburden layer or Pleistocene series drift sand formation in the Quaternary Period, possibly cause that mine floods.

The said firm at present-the above stope width in 300m stage casing is generally 5～8m, the part reaches 15m; Stope length is generally 25m, and the part reaches 50m.Because extremely grow in crack, ore deposit (rock), wherein, the diorite-porphyrite fracture spacing is the 0.031m/ bar, and skarn is the 0.026m/ bar; Marble is the 0.091m/ bar, and iron ore is the 0.0574m/ bar), add local rock mass water-swellable; And the stress of primary rock is bigger, after stope undercuts or digs up mine and discloses the top board loose media, if the untimely top board of safeguarding; General gentle dip stope emits heights of roofs to surpass 4～6m, and the inbreak of high-dipping stope highly reaches 20～50m, indivedual stopes even reach 120～150m.

In order to prevent high-dipping stope transition roof fall, avoid damaging the top mining system, especially to avoid digging up mine the inbreak, collapse breaks overburden layer in the Quaternary Period or the Pleistocene series drift sand formation that cause and cause that mine floods accident, special invention is induced the avalanche mining methods under the artificial false top.

Summary of the invention

For fear of free breakage or induce avalanche to damage the top mining system; Especially avoid free breakage or induce avalanche cause the Quaternary Period overburden layer or the Pleistocene series drift sand formation go to pot and cause that mine floods accident, invented the mining methods that avalanche mining is induced on a kind of artificial false top down.

To achieve these goals, the technical scheme of the present invention's employing is:

Induce the avalanche mining methods under the artificial false top, along the construction tunnel 1 of ore body 3 trends on the artificial false top of ore body 3 lower walls driving, vertical ore body 3 moves towards 1～2 layer of steel pipe pile 2 is installed in construction tunnel 1, and the grouting and reinforcing top board, forms artificial false top; End connecting taxiway 7 across pitch at stope undercut 5 to the other end connecting taxiway 8 of stope then; And be inclined to rock drilling deep holes 4 at web circle on ore body 3 and each 0.3-0.5m place, lower wall border along ore body 3 respectively; Getting in touch of ore body 3 and upper lower burrs country rock cut off in presplit blasting, avoids country rock transition natural caving and increases the rate of dilution.

Do not damage artificial false top for concussion of blasting or cracks can spread, the distance from artificial false top at the bottom of the hole of deep hole 4 is not less than the design load of following formula:

L = \frac{\sqrt{6}}{2} [1 + 3 \sqrt{\frac{49033 (0.0126 z - 1.7 \times 10^{4})}{S_{t}}}] r_{e}

In the formula, L is the expansion depth of explosion crackle; Z is an acoustic impedance, z=10 ⁶Kgm ^-2S ^-1, the value of tabling look-up; S _tBe Tensile Strength of Rock; r _eBe the column charge radius.

Another scheme of avalanche mining methods is induced on artificial false top down; Construction tunnel 1 along ore body 3 trends artificial false top of driving in ore body 3 arteries and veins; In construction tunnel 1, in the middle of ore body 3, retreating expansion along ore body 3 two ends helps; Expand and help to arrange reinforcing cage 9 and concrete consolidated fill behind ore body 3 borders, so, form artificial false top with glued steel concrete displacement ore body 3; End connecting taxiway 7 across pitch at stope undercut 5 to the other end connecting taxiway 8 of stope then; And be inclined to rock drilling deep holes 4 at web circle on ore body 3 and each 0.3-0.5m place, lower wall border along ore body 3 respectively; Getting in touch of ore body 3 and upper lower burrs country rock cut off in presplit blasting, avoids country rock transition natural caving and increases the rate of dilution.

Among the present invention; The arrangement of reinforcement of thickness, the steel pipe pile number of plies and the density or the glued steel concrete on artificial false top; Look into design manual according to stope parameter and stress of primary rock distribution, the method for designing of similar fore-set designs, and also can accurately design according to numerical simulation result.Deep hole 4 for fear of presplit blasting damages, and plastic bushing protection deep hole can be installed in the hole after the rock drilling, and sleeve pipe is taken out on powder charge limit in limit during powder charge.

The present invention compared with prior art; The advantage that has is: not only can dig up mine and the saving explosive consumption by natural caving; And can successfully cut off getting in touch of stope and stage casing, top; Avoid the natural caving of ore body unrestrictedly to damage the top mining system, or destroy water proof rock stratum, top to the top expansion.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is that steel pipe pile and slip casting form artificial false top.

Fig. 2 is that consolidated fill steel concrete forms artificial false top.

Fig. 3 is the vertical projection view of Fig. 1 or Fig. 2.

The specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is explained further details.

Like Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, along the construction tunnel 1 of ore body 3 trends on the artificial false top of ore body 3 lower walls driving, vertical ore body 3 moves towards 1～2 layer of steel pipe pile 2 is installed in construction tunnel 1, and the grouting and reinforcing top board, forms artificial false top; End connecting taxiway 7 across pitch at stope undercut 5 to the other end connecting taxiway 8 of stope then; And be inclined to rock drilling deep holes 4 at web circle on ore body 3 and each 0.3-0.5m place, lower wall border along ore body 3 respectively; Getting in touch of ore body 3 and upper lower burrs country rock cut off in presplit blasting, avoids country rock transition natural caving and increases the rate of dilution.

L = \frac{\sqrt{6}}{2} [1 + 3 \sqrt{\frac{49033 (0.0126 z - 1.7 \times 10^{4})}{S_{t}}}] r_{e}

Stage casing main haulage roadway 6 shown in the transport channel of the ore that produces and barren rock of undercuting and dig up mine is promptly schemed also is simultaneously distinguished and admirable and personnel get into the passage of stope.

Like Fig. 2 and Fig. 3; Another scheme of the present invention; Along ore body 3 trends are tunneled artificial false top in ore body 3 arteries and veins construction tunnel 1, in construction tunnel 1, in the middle of ore body 3, retreat expansion group along ore body 3 two ends, expand and help to arrange reinforcing cage 9 and concrete consolidated fill behind ore body 3 borders; So, form artificial false top with glued steel concrete displacement ore body 3; End connecting taxiway 7 across pitch at stope undercut 5 to the other end connecting taxiway 8 of stope then; And be inclined to rock drilling deep holes 4 at web circle on ore body 3 and each 0.3-0.5m place, lower wall border along ore body 3 respectively; Getting in touch of ore body 3 and upper and lower armor rock cut off in presplit blasting, avoids country rock transition natural caving and increases the rate of dilution.

Claims

1. induce the avalanche mining methods under the artificial false top; It is characterized in that along the construction tunnel (1) of ore body (3) trend on the artificial false top of ore body (3) lower wall driving, vertical ore body (3) moves towards to install 1～2 layer of steel pipe pile (2) in construction tunnel (1); And the grouting and reinforcing top board, form artificial false top; Then at end connecting taxiway (a 7) across pitch of stope to the other end connecting taxiway (8) of stope undercut (5); And going up web circle and each 0.3-0.5m place, lower wall border from ore body (3) along ore body tendency rock drilling deep hole (4) respectively, getting in touch of ore body (3) and upper lower burrs country rock cut off in presplit blasting.

2. induce the avalanche mining methods down based on the described artificial false top of claim 1, it is characterized in that,, be not less than the design load of following formula at the bottom of the hole of deep hole (4) from artificial false distance of pushing up for concussion of blasting or crackle expansion do not damage artificial false top:

L = \frac{\sqrt{6}}{2} [1 + 3 \sqrt{\frac{49033 (0.0126 z - 1.7 \times 10^{4})}{S_{t}}}] r_{e}

In the formula, L is the expansion depth of explosion crackle; Z is an acoustic impedance, the value of tabling look-up; S _tBe Tensile Strength of Rock; r _eBe the column charge radius.

3. induce the avalanche mining methods under the artificial false top according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, bad in order to protect deep hole (4) to crush with avoiding, plastic bushing is installed in deep hole (4), sleeve pipe is taken out on powder charge limit in limit during powder charge.

4. induce the avalanche mining methods under the artificial false top; It is characterized in that; Along ore body (3) trend is tunneled artificial false top in the ore body arteries and veins construction tunnel (1), in construction tunnel (1), in the middle of ore body (3), retreat expansion group along ore body (3) two ends, expand and help to arrange reinforcing cage (9) and concrete consolidated fill behind ore body (3) border; So, form artificial false top with glued steel concrete displacement ore body (3); Then at end connecting taxiway (a 7) across pitch of stope to the other end connecting taxiway (8) of stope undercut (5); And going up web circle and each 0.3-0.5m place, lower wall border from ore body (3) along ore body tendency rock drilling deep hole (4) respectively, getting in touch of ore body (3) and upper lower burrs country rock cut off in presplit blasting.

5. induce the avalanche mining methods under the artificial false top according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, bad in order to protect deep hole (4) to crush with avoiding, plastic bushing is installed in deep hole (4), sleeve pipe is taken out on powder charge limit in limit during powder charge.

6. induce the avalanche mining methods under the artificial false top according to claim 4; It is characterized in that; Roof collapse takes place when undercuting, and with the wooden prop or the hydraulic prop supporting roof ore body (3) of band back timber, waits deep hole (4) presplit blasting to cut off getting in touch of ore body (3) and upper lower burrs country rock; Retreat to other end connecting taxiway (8) from an end connecting taxiway (7) and to discharge pillar and back timber, make ore body (3) natural caving.