CN105198589A - Eucalyptus controlled-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Eucalyptus controlled-release fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105198589A CN105198589A CN201510621129.9A CN201510621129A CN105198589A CN 105198589 A CN105198589 A CN 105198589A CN 201510621129 A CN201510621129 A CN 201510621129A CN 105198589 A CN105198589 A CN 105198589A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a eucalyptus controlled-release fertilizer and a preparation method thereof and belongs to the technical field of fertilizer preparation. The eucalyptus controlled-release fertilizer comprises, by weight, 60-160 parts of a coating material and 200-1400 parts of fertilizer granules. The eucalyptus controlled-release fertilizer is prepared in the steps such as crushing, extracting, filtering, concentrating, fermenting, granulating, drying, cooling and coating. The eucalyptus controlled-release fertilizer has a moderate and stable controlled-release rate and balanced nutrition, is effective in decreasing fertilizer loss rate, increasing fertilizer utilization, promoting quick and healthy growth of eucalyptus and increasing the growth speed of eucalyptus; this fertilizer is also effective in preventing disease and pest damage, improving soil environment and maintaining eco-environmental friendliness.
Description
[technical field]
The invention belongs to fertilizer preparing technical field, be specifically related to a kind of eucalyptus controlled release fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
[background technology]
Eucalyptus is fast, material is excellent, and be the short period commodity trees of current Spread in China plantation, its timber is widely used in the processing of papermaking, fibrous plate.But in the process of growth of eucalyptus, to the demand of nutrient, comparatively other seeds are large, therefore enoughly must impose fertilizer, just can make eucalyptus normal growth.
For this reason, someone begins one's study Eucalptus fertilizer at present.Such as, (application number: 03139716.6) disclose trace element fertilizer comprises two or more of B, Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe and Mo element, for preventing and treating eucalyptus nutritional deficiency physiological disease to patent documentation.
More the composite fertilizer of inorganic fertilizer and trace element composition at present.Such as, and patent documentation (application number: 03157602.8) disclose special composite fertilizer for eucalyptus, the macroelement comprising nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium etc. is fertile, the trace element fertilizer of iron, manganese, zinc, copper, boron, molybdenum etc., and plant-growth regulator; Patent documentation (application number: 200510078471.5) also disclose fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus material, it is made up of trace elements such as the macroelement such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and iron, manganese, zinc, copper, boron, molybdenums; Patent documentation (patent No.: ZL200610125356.3) discloses fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus, comprises the boron of the nitrogenous fertilizer of 5%-18%, the phosphate fertilizer of 7%-15%, the potash fertilizer of 5%-12%, the copper of 0.05%-0.3%, the zinc of 0.05%-0.4% and 0.05%-0.2%; Patent documentation (application number: 200910166761.3) disclose fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus, it is made up of city domestic sewage treatment plant mud, urea, monoammonium phosphate, Repone K; Patent documentation (application number: 201010585251.2) disclose fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus, comprises the base manure be made up of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, boron and zinc, and topdressing of being made up of the nitrogen of another proportioning, phosphorus, potassium, boron and zinc.
Except above-mentioned composite fertilizer, the use of microbial inoculum also can increase fertility.Such as, (application number: 200410027047.3) disclose fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus, comprises enzymatic microorganism, organic matter, humic acid, nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer etc. to patent documentation; (application number: 200710074909.1) disclose fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus comprises the effectively viable bacteria such as yeast, actinomycetes, photosynthetic bacteria, vinelandii, P and K decomposing bacterium to patent documentation.But these Fertilizer application bacterial classifications are failed to understand, even cannot know whether to produce between multiple bacterial classification pick up anti-.Although also there is the technology using single culture at present, as fixed nitrogen stenotrophomonas maltophilia, the patent documentation (application number: the Penicillium notatum etc. of bacillus megaterium 201010227376.8), patent documentation (patent No.: ZL201010548966.0) of patent documentation (patent No.: ZL200910114539.9), but result of use is single, be unfavorable for that practice is promoted.
After above Term Fertilization, especially after southern rain-belt is used, wherein soluble inorganic fertilizer can dissolve with fast speed, reduces the effect of Term Fertilization on the one hand, causes fertilizer to waste, also pollute surrounding body in addition.For this reason, people is had to prepare slowly-releasing (controlled release) fertilizer by the mode increasing coating at fertilizer surface.Such as, patent documentation (application number: 96105688.6) disclose a kind of coated fertilizer, wherein the composition of soil layer is except 0.1-50 part gelatin, mainly soluble inorganic salt, as 1-180 part solubilizing agent, (its main component is ammonium sulfate, the inorganic salt such as ammonium nitrate) and 0.1-200 part plant nutrient compound (mainly iron, the vitriol of zinc), cause like this and have great amount of soluble inorganic salt in the coating of gelatin parcel, dissolving rapidly after meeting water makes fertiliser granulates form vesicular or disintegration, actual slowly-releasing (controlled release) ability is very limited.And for example, patent documentation (patent No.: ZL201120068708.2) discloses the slow release compound fertilizer special for eucalyptus comprised with organic-capping layer, but the main component of organic-capping layer is polyethylene and paraffin, itself be difficult to degraded, effectively cannot discharge inner fertilizer, even cause the white pollution of vinyon.
Current cultural control disease and pest and farm crop institute are to fertilize, mainly use chemicals and toxic pesticides through mix and blend, to be manured into soil or on farm crop, life-time service year in year out, a large amount of agricultural chemicals and chemical fertilizer, insect is caused to produce resistance, soil compaction, pollutes water source soil, and pesticide residue exceed standard and have a strong impact on the physical and mental health of people, therefore, a kind of controlled release rate is developed moderate stable and the fertilizer with Biocidal type is development trend.
[summary of the invention]
The invention provides a kind of eucalyptus controlled release fertilizer and preparation method thereof, to solve fertilizer control release weak effect, fertilizer utilization efficiency is low, a large amount of agricultural chemicals and fertilizer application, and cause insect to produce resistance, soil compaction, water source soil such as to pollute at the problem.Fertilizer control release speed of the present invention is moderate and stable, balanced in nutrition, effectively can reduce the turnover rate of fertilizer, improves the utilising efficiency of fertilizer, promotes that eucalyptus grows up healthy and sound fast, improves Eucalyptus speed; Simultaneously also can preventing disease and pest effectively, improve edatope, keep ecological, environmental protective.
For solving above technical problem, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
A kind of eucalyptus controlled release fertilizer, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material: lapping 60-160 part, fertiliser granulates 200-1400 part;
Described lapping is in units of weight part, comprise following raw material: sustained release dosage 30-80 part, binding agent 30-80 part, described sustained release dosage is in units of weight part, comprise following raw material: talcum powder 8-25 part, terra alba 8-20 part, diatomite 4-10 part, wilkinite 4-10 part, peat 4-10 part, primary ammonium phosphate powder 1-3 part, potassium nitrate powder 1-2 part, described binding agent, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material: starch 22-60 part, phosphoric acid salt 5-10 part, oxygenant 1.5-6 part, coupling agent 1.5-4 part;
Described fertiliser granulates, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material:
Pyrethrum 30-290 part, Folium paulowniae 30-290 part, China tree 25-170 part, tarragon 25-170 part, yellow ginger 25-170 part, horseradish 25-170 part, yellow humic acid 15-60 part, waste residue 10-30 part, Fushou spiral shell powder 10-30 part, biological bacteria 3-12 part, micro-2-8 part.
Preferably, described phosphoric acid salt comprises one or more in Potassium tripolyphosphate, potassium pyrophosphate, potassium metaphosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate.
Preferably, described oxygenant comprises one or more in Losantin, clorox, potassium hypochlorite, sodium perchlorate.
Preferably, described coupling agent comprise furfural, oxalic dialdehyde, glutaraldehyde, one or more in soluble silane.
Preferably, described waste residue comprises one or more in marc, bagasse, edible fungi residues, sugared slag, acid-sludge, fecula, manioc waste, citric acid waste, soy sauce residues, residue of monosodium glutamate, residue from beans after making.
Preferably, described biological bacteria comprises one or more in vinelandii, brood cell liver bacterium, enzymatic microorganism, yeast, actinomycetes, root nodule bacterium, phosphorus bacteria, B. mucilaginocus, phosphate solubilizing bacteria.
Preferably, described trace element comprises one or more in iron, boron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of eucalyptus controlled release fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
S1: by pyrethrum, Folium paulowniae, China tree, tarragon, yellow ginger, horseradish co-grinding, solvent extraction, filtration, concentrate to obtain pesticide-germicide mixture A, in mixture A, add yellow humic acid, waste residue, Fushou spiral shell powder, biological bacteria, trace element ferment, mixture B is obtained after fermentation, by mixture B granulation, oven dry, cooling i.e. obtained fertiliser granulates, described solvent comprise in ethanol, acetone, ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, ethylene dichloride one or more;
S2: with 20-60 part water by starch furnishing pulpous state, intensification makes system at 45-55 DEG C, the pH regulating starch slurry is 9-10, then phosphoric acid salt, oxygenant is added, 15-25min is reacted under 200-400r/min, then add coupling agent, keep the constant lower continuation reaction 20-50min of rotating speed, obtain starch emulsion; Drying to water content after obtained starch emulsion and talcum powder, terra alba, diatomite, wilkinite, peat, primary ammonium phosphate powder, potassium nitrate powder and 150-750 part water being mixed at 40-60 DEG C is 15%-20%, namely obtains lapping;
S3: the lapping obtained with step S2 is dried to water content≤6% after evenly being wrapped up by the fertiliser granulates lapping that step S1 is obtained at temperature is 50-60 DEG C, i.e. obtained eucalyptus controlled release fertilizer.
Preferably, in step S1, mixture A is concentrated into water content≤20%, and the condition of fermentation is at 40-80 DEG C of bottom fermentation 10-30 days.
Preferably, in step S1, mixture B is dried to water content≤6% at 60-80 DEG C, and cooling the temperature reached is 25-30 DEG C.
Pyrethrum containing 4 kinds of insecticidal constituents, pyrethrin (pyrethrin) I, II and cinerin (cinerin) I, II, pyrethrum to various insects as mosquito, fly, bedbug and cockroach etc. have toxic action.
Folium paulowniae extract has antibacterial and antivirus action, propanol extraction thing all has anti-microbial activity, In vitro Bactericidal Experiments proves, Folium paulowniae extract is stronger to streptococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilus effect, extract panlownin and sesamin, kill insect (fly, the mosquito etc.) effect of this binary to pyrethrin and allyl cinerin has synergism.
China tree famous paradise tree, it contains toxin, can as sterilant, wormer and growth inhibitor.
Tarragon has strong antibacterial and anti-inflammation functions, all has suppression and killing action to multiple coccus, bacillus, fungi and virus etc., is the one that in the natural phant found at present, anti-microbial effect is extremely strong.
HUANGJIANG extract shows certain repellent to multiple grain storage pest, Desert locusts and mythimna separata etc., fumigates, tags, stomach toxicity, growth-inhibiting or oviposition deterrence isoreactivity; Meanwhile, to some agriculture germs, there is very strong germicidal action.
Pungent thing in horseradish has strong antibacterial killing ability, particularly has obvious effect to cholera bacteria, typhoid fever bacterium, colibacillus, diphtheria bacterium, streptococcus aureus etc.
The use of yellow humic acid, not only can increase nutriment in a fertilizer, and effectively can improve encapsulation rate, reduces the consumption of lapping, reduces production cost.
Containing numerous nutritive ingredients in waste residue, the nutrition of demand of plant growth can be provided as fertilizer, Promoting plant growth.
Fushou spiral shell is individual greatly, feeding habits are wide, strong adaptability, growth and breeding are fast, output is high, low price, Fushou spiral shell powder contains rich in protein, carotene, multivitamin and mineral substance, the amino acid that its breaks down proteins becomes can promote root growth, strong sprout, healthy tree, the photosynthetic function of enhancing blade and the degeneration-resistant of crop.
The fertilizer that biological bacteria is made has the function of volume increase, oil recovery enhancement, also has and significantly reduces nitrate in plant materials, nitrite and heavy metal content, improves the effect such as chemical fertilizer utilization ratio and fertilizing soil.
Boron compares and concentrates in stem apex, the tip of a root, blade and floral organ in plant materials, and the content in dicotyledons is usually higher than monocotyledons.Boron can improve the nitrogenase activity of leguminous crop root nodule bacterium, and increase amount of nitrogen fixation, during boron deficiency, root stays undeveloped, affects amount of nitrogen fixation.Boron can also strengthen crop anti-adversity.
Iron is that chlorophyll formation is indispensable, and in plant body, be difficult to transfer, so blade " chlorosis " is the performance of plant iron deficiency, and first this chlorosis shows on young leaflet tablet.
Copper participates in the resistance of the photosynthesis of plant, respiration, nitrogen metabolism, enhancing plant.During scarce copper, plant strain growth is thin and weak, and young leaves turns to be yellow, and wilting withered, blade tip is curling to turn white, and has necrotic spot.
Zinc can promote that crop carries out photosynthesis, and it is the moiety of multiple enzyme, and during scarce zinc, stagnating appears in crop growth.
Containing manganese in plant chloroplast, manganese can promote seed germination and seedling growth in period, affects the accumulation in vivo of the photosynthesis of crop, respiration, nitric nitrogen during manganese deficiency.Show as chlorosis yellow between blade arteries and veins, have brown spot.
Molybdenum is nitrogen-fixing microorganism, necessary when particularly fixing air nitrogen with the root nodule bacterium of leguminous crop symbiosis.Leaf photosynthesis intensity can be promoted again simultaneously.During scarce molybdenum, plant is short and small, chlorosis between blade arteries and veins, and leaf margin is dried-up, inwardly curling, becomes wilting state.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) fertilizer control release speed of the present invention is moderate and stable, and fertiliser granulates is balanced in nutrition, effectively can reduce the turnover rate of fertilizer, improves the utilising efficiency of fertilizer, promotes that eucalyptus grows up healthy and sound fast, improves Eucalyptus speed;
(2) lapping increases the element such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium needed for Eucalyptus, controlled release fertilizer in early stage can be avoided not enough, affect the shortcoming of Eucalyptus;
(3) the present invention uses yellow humic acid, effectively can improve encapsulation rate, reduces the consumption of lapping, reduces production cost;
(4) fundamentally can solve long-term excess and use the problem such as soil organism decline, soil compaction, poor air permeability, soil-borne disease increase that chemical fertilizer and chemical pesticide cause;
(5) fertilizer of the present invention does not only cause environmental pollution, and can preventing disease and pest effectively;
(6) raw material when prepared by fertilizer of the present invention adopts the rotten pyrethrum of low price, rotten Folium paulowniae, rotten China tree, rotten tarragon, rotten yellow ginger, rotten horseradish, waste residue and Fushou spiral shell, thus greatly reduces production cost.
[embodiment]
Be specifically described below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of eucalyptus controlled release fertilizer, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material: lapping 60 parts, fertiliser granulates 1400 parts;
Described lapping is in units of weight part, comprise following raw material: sustained release dosage 30 parts, binding agent 30 parts, described sustained release dosage is in units of weight part, comprise following raw material: talcum powder 8 parts, terra alba 8 parts, 4 parts, diatomite, wilkinite 4 parts, 4 parts, peat, 1 part, primary ammonium phosphate powder, potassium nitrate powder 1 part, described binding agent, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material: starch 22 parts, Potassium tripolyphosphate 5 parts, Losantin 1.5 parts, 1.5 parts, furfural;
Described fertiliser granulates, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material:
Pyrethrum 290 parts, Folium paulowniae 290 parts, China tree 170 parts, tarragon 170 parts, yellow ginger 170 parts, horseradish 170 parts, yellow humic acid 60 parts, marc sugar slag 8 parts, bagasse sugar slag 8 parts, edible fungi residues sugar slag 7 parts, sugared slag 7 parts, 30 parts, Fushou spiral shell powder, 12 parts, vinelandii, boron 8 parts.
The preparation method of described eucalyptus controlled release fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
S1: by pyrethrum, Folium paulowniae, China tree, tarragon, yellow ginger, horseradish co-grinding, ethonal extraction, be concentrated into after mixed solution filter residue water content be 20% pesticide-germicide mixture A, yellow humic acid, waste residue, Fushou spiral shell powder, biological bacteria, trace element is added 40-50 DEG C of bottom fermentation 30 days in mixture A, mixture B is obtained after fermentation, caused by mixture B particle diameter to be dry at 60-80 DEG C after 1.5-2.5mm particle, be cooled to 30 DEG C of i.e. obtained fertiliser granulates;
S2: with 20 parts of water by starch furnishing pulpous state, heats up and makes system at 45 DEG C, and the pH regulating starch slurry is 9, then add Potassium tripolyphosphate, Losantin, under 400r/min, react 15min, then add furfural, keep the constant lower continuation reaction 20min of rotating speed, obtain starch emulsion; Drying to water content after obtained starch emulsion and talcum powder, terra alba, diatomite, wilkinite, peat, primary ammonium phosphate powder, potassium nitrate powder and 150 parts of water being mixed at 40 DEG C is 15%, namely obtains lapping;
S3: it is 5% that the lapping obtained with step S2 is dried to water content after evenly being wrapped up by the fertiliser granulates lapping that step S1 is obtained at temperature is 50 DEG C, namely obtains eucalyptus controlled release fertilizer.
Embodiment 2
A kind of eucalyptus controlled release fertilizer, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material: lapping 160 parts, fertiliser granulates 200 parts;
Described lapping is in units of weight part, comprise following raw material: sustained release dosage 80 parts, binding agent 80 parts, described sustained release dosage is in units of weight part, comprise following raw material: talcum powder 25 parts, terra alba 20 parts, 10 parts, diatomite, wilkinite 10 parts, 10 parts, peat, 3 parts, primary ammonium phosphate powder, potassium nitrate powder 2 parts, described binding agent, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material: starch 60 parts, potassium pyrophosphate 10 parts, clorox 6 parts, oxalic dialdehyde 4 parts;
Described fertiliser granulates, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material:
Pyrethrum 30 parts, Folium paulowniae 30 parts, China tree 25 parts, tarragon 25 parts, yellow ginger 25 parts, horseradish 25 parts, yellow humic acid 15 parts, edible fungi residues 10 parts, 10 parts, Fushou spiral shell powder, brood cell liver bacterium 1 part, enzymatic microorganism 1 part, phosphorus bacteria 1 part, ferro element 0.5 part, boron 0.5 part, manganese element 0.5 part, copper 0.5 part.
The preparation method of described eucalyptus controlled release fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
S1: pyrethrum, Folium paulowniae, China tree, tarragon, yellow ginger, horseradish co-grinding, acetone solvent are extracted, be concentrated into after mixed solution filter residue water content be 18% pesticide-germicide mixture A, yellow humic acid, waste residue, Fushou spiral shell powder, biological bacteria, trace element is added 70-80 DEG C of bottom fermentation 10 days in mixture A, mixture B is obtained after fermentation, caused by mixture B particle diameter to be dry at 60-80 DEG C after 1.5-2.5mm particle, be cooled to 28 DEG C of i.e. obtained fertiliser granulates;
S2: with 60 parts of water by starch furnishing pulpous state, heats up and makes system at 55 DEG C, and the pH regulating starch slurry is 10, then add potassium pyrophosphate, clorox, under 200r/min, react 25min, then add oxalic dialdehyde, keep the constant lower continuation reaction 50min of rotating speed, obtain starch emulsion; Drying to water content after obtained starch emulsion and talcum powder, terra alba, diatomite, wilkinite, peat, primary ammonium phosphate powder, potassium nitrate powder and 750 parts of water being mixed at 60 DEG C is 20%, namely obtains lapping;
S3: it is 6% that the lapping obtained with step S2 is dried to water content after evenly being wrapped up by the fertiliser granulates lapping that step S1 is obtained at temperature is 60 DEG C, namely obtains eucalyptus controlled release fertilizer.
Embodiment 3
A kind of eucalyptus controlled release fertilizer, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material: lapping 110 parts, fertiliser granulates 800 parts;
Described lapping is in units of weight part, comprise following raw material: sustained release dosage 55 parts, binding agent 55 parts, described sustained release dosage is in units of weight part, comprise following raw material: talcum powder 16 parts, terra alba 14 parts, 7 parts, diatomite, wilkinite 7 parts, 7 parts, peat, 2 parts, primary ammonium phosphate powder, potassium nitrate powder 2 parts, described binding agent, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material: starch 40 parts, potassium metaphosphate 4 parts, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 4 parts, potassium hypochlorite 2 parts, sodium perchlorate 2 parts, glutaraldehyde 3 parts, soluble silane 1 part;
Described fertiliser granulates, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material:
Pyrethrum 160 parts, Folium paulowniae 160 parts, China tree 95 parts, tarragon 95 parts, yellow ginger 95 parts, horseradish 95 parts, yellow humic acid 45 parts, acid-sludge 4 parts, fecula 4 parts, manioc waste 4 parts, citric acid waste 4 parts, soy sauce residues 4 parts, 20 parts, Fushou spiral shell powder, 2 parts, vinelandii, brood cell liver bacterium 2 parts, enzymatic microorganism 2 parts, phosphorus bacteria 1 part, B. mucilaginocus 1 part, phosphate solubilizing bacteria 1 part, manganese element 1.5 parts, copper 1.5 parts, zinc element 1.5 parts, molybdenum element 1.5 parts.
The preparation method of described eucalyptus controlled release fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
S1: pyrethrum, Folium paulowniae, China tree, tarragon, yellow ginger, horseradish co-grinding, ether solvent are extracted, be concentrated into after mixed solution filter residue water content be 16% pesticide-germicide mixture A, yellow humic acid, waste residue, Fushou spiral shell powder, biological bacteria, trace element is added 60-70 DEG C of bottom fermentation 20 days in mixture A, mixture B is obtained after fermentation, caused by mixture B particle diameter to be dry at 60-80 DEG C after 1.5-2.5mm particle, be cooled to 25 DEG C of i.e. obtained fertiliser granulates;
S2: with 40 parts of water by starch furnishing pulpous state, intensification makes system at 50 DEG C, the pH regulating starch slurry is 9, then potassium metaphosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium hypochlorite, sodium perchlorate is added, 20min is reacted under 300r/min, then add glutaraldehyde, soluble silane, keep the constant lower continuation reaction 35min of rotating speed, obtain starch emulsion; Drying to water content after obtained starch emulsion and talcum powder, terra alba, diatomite, wilkinite, peat, primary ammonium phosphate powder, potassium nitrate powder and 450 parts of water being mixed at 50 DEG C is 18%, namely obtains lapping;
S3: it is 4% that the lapping obtained with step S2 is dried to water content after evenly being wrapped up by the fertiliser granulates lapping that step S1 is obtained at temperature is 55 DEG C, namely obtains eucalyptus controlled release fertilizer.
Embodiment 4
A kind of eucalyptus controlled release fertilizer, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material: lapping 80 parts, fertiliser granulates 1100 parts;
Described lapping is in units of weight part, comprise following raw material: sustained release dosage 40 parts, binding agent 40 parts, described sustained release dosage is in units of weight part, comprise following raw material: talcum powder 10 parts, terra alba 10 parts, 6 parts, diatomite, wilkinite 5 parts, 5 parts, peat, 2 parts, primary ammonium phosphate powder, potassium nitrate powder 2 parts, described binding agent, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material: starch 30 parts, Potassium tripolyphosphate 2 parts, potassium pyrophosphate 2 parts, potassium metaphosphate 1 part, Losantin 1 part, clorox 1 part, potassium hypochlorite 1 part, oxalic dialdehyde 1 part, glutaraldehyde 1 part;
Described fertiliser granulates, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material:
Pyrethrum 240 parts, Folium paulowniae 240 parts, China tree 130 parts, tarragon 130 parts, yellow ginger 130 parts, horseradish 130 parts, yellow humic acid 37 parts, fecula 4 parts, manioc waste 4 parts, citric acid waste 4 parts, soy sauce residues 4 parts, residue of monosodium glutamate 4 parts, residue from beans after making 3 parts, 23 parts, Fushou spiral shell powder, enzymatic microorganism 2 parts, 2 parts, yeast, 2 parts, actinomycetes, root nodule bacterium 1 part, phosphorus bacteria 1 part, B. mucilaginocus 1 part, phosphate solubilizing bacteria 1 part, ferro element 1.4 parts, boron 1.4 parts, manganese element 1.4 parts, copper 1.4 parts, zinc element 1.4 parts.
The preparation method of described eucalyptus controlled release fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
S1: by pyrethrum, Folium paulowniae, China tree, tarragon, yellow ginger, horseradish co-grinding, chloroform, ethylene dichloride mixed solvent extract, be concentrated into after mixed solution filter residue water content be 14% pesticide-germicide mixture A, yellow humic acid, waste residue, Fushou spiral shell powder, biological bacteria, trace element is added 60-70 DEG C of bottom fermentation 20 days in mixture A, mixture B is obtained after fermentation, caused by mixture B particle diameter to be dry at 60-80 DEG C after 1.5-2.5mm particle, be cooled to 26 DEG C of i.e. obtained fertiliser granulates;
S2: with 30 parts of water by starch furnishing pulpous state, intensification makes system at 55 DEG C, the pH regulating starch slurry is 10, then Potassium tripolyphosphate, potassium pyrophosphate, potassium metaphosphate, Losantin, clorox, potassium hypochlorite is added, 15min is reacted under 400r/min, then add oxalic dialdehyde, glutaraldehyde, keep constant lower continuations of rotating speed to react 40min, obtain starch emulsion; Drying to water content after obtained starch emulsion and talcum powder, terra alba, diatomite, wilkinite, peat, primary ammonium phosphate powder, potassium nitrate powder and 250 parts of water being mixed at 45 DEG C is 17%, namely obtains lapping;
S3: it is 5% that the lapping obtained with step S2 is dried to water content after evenly being wrapped up by the fertiliser granulates lapping that step S1 is obtained at temperature is 50 DEG C, namely obtains eucalyptus controlled release fertilizer.
Embodiment 5
A kind of eucalyptus controlled release fertilizer, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material: lapping 120 parts, fertiliser granulates 400 parts;
Described lapping is in units of weight part, comprise following raw material: sustained release dosage 70 parts, binding agent 50 parts, described sustained release dosage is in units of weight part, comprise following raw material: talcum powder 23 parts, terra alba 17 parts, 9 parts, diatomite, wilkinite 8 parts, 8 parts, peat, 3 parts, primary ammonium phosphate powder, potassium nitrate powder 2 parts, described binding agent is in units of weight part, comprise following raw material: starch 40 parts, Potassium tripolyphosphate 2 parts, potassium pyrophosphate 1 part, potassium metaphosphate 1 part, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 1 part, Losantin 1 part, potassium hypochlorite 1 part, sodium perchlorate 1 part, 0.5 part, furfural, oxalic dialdehyde 0.5 part, glutaraldehyde 0.5 part, soluble silane 0.5 part,
Described fertiliser granulates, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material:
Pyrethrum 80 parts, Folium paulowniae 80 parts, China tree 50 parts, tarragon 50 parts, yellow ginger 50 parts, horseradish 40 parts, yellow humic acid 20 parts, marc 2 parts, bagasse 1 part, edible fungi residues 1 part, sugar slag 1 part, acid-sludge 1 part, fecula 1 part, manioc waste 1 part, citric acid waste 1 part, soy sauce residues 1 part, residue of monosodium glutamate 1 part, residue from beans after making 1 part, 10 parts, Fushou spiral shell powder, 1 part, vinelandii, brood cell liver bacterium 0.5 part, enzymatic microorganism 0.5 part, 0.5 part, yeast, 0.5 part, actinomycetes, root nodule bacterium 0.5 part, phosphorus bacteria 0.5 part, B. mucilaginocus 0.5 part, phosphate solubilizing bacteria 0.5 part, ferro element 0.5 part, boron 0.5 part, manganese element 0.5 part, copper 0.5 part, zinc element 0.5 part, molybdenum element 0.5 part.
The preparation method of described eucalyptus controlled release fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
S1: by pyrethrum, Folium paulowniae, China tree, tarragon, yellow ginger, horseradish co-grinding, ethyl acetate solvent extracts, be concentrated into after mixed solution filter residue water content be 16% pesticide-germicide mixture A, yellow humic acid, waste residue, Fushou spiral shell powder, biological bacteria, trace element is added 60-70 DEG C of bottom fermentation 20 days in mixture A, mixture B is obtained after fermentation, caused by mixture B particle diameter to be dry at 60-80 DEG C after 1.5-2.5mm particle, be cooled to 28 DEG C of i.e. obtained fertiliser granulates;
S2: with 50 parts of water by starch furnishing pulpous state, intensification makes system at 50 DEG C, the pH regulating starch slurry is 10, then Potassium tripolyphosphate, potassium pyrophosphate, potassium metaphosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, Losantin, potassium hypochlorite, sodium perchlorate is added, 15min is reacted under 400r/min, then add furfural, oxalic dialdehyde, glutaraldehyde, soluble silane, keep constant lower continuations of rotating speed to react 30min, obtain starch emulsion; Drying to water content after obtained starch emulsion and talcum powder, terra alba, diatomite, wilkinite, peat, primary ammonium phosphate powder, potassium nitrate powder and 650 parts of water being mixed at 60 DEG C is 15%, namely obtains lapping;
S3: it is 5% that the lapping obtained with step S2 is dried to water content after evenly being wrapped up by the fertiliser granulates lapping that step S1 is obtained at temperature is 60 DEG C, namely obtains eucalyptus controlled release fertilizer.
For verifying the effect of eucalyptus controlled release fertilizer of the present invention, by following experimental verification.
(1) the result of extraction experiment of Wrapped fertilizer
Eucalyptus controlled release fertilizer prepared by Example 1,2,3, and Example 1 prepare without Wrapped fertilizer and with the fertilizer of polyethylene parcel in contrast, be immersed in clear water, at different time water sampling detection fertilizer solubility rate wherein, result is as shown in the table.
As seen from the above table, almost all dissolve at once without Wrapped fertilizer, show not there is slow releasing function; The fertilizer wrapped up with polyethylene, except not having the fertiliser granulates of environmental sealing (encapsulating) in initial dissolving, almost no longer disengages fertilizer thereafter; The encapsulation rate of eucalyptus controlled release fertilizer prepared by embodiment 1,2,3 is higher, and the fertilizer of major part encapsulating continues to disengage later.
(2) eucalyptus fertilization effect experiment
Experiment 1: the present inventor entrusts Guigang, Guangxi to plant eucalyptus company, with eucalyptus controlled release fertilizer prepared by embodiment 1, manurial experiment is carried out to Eucalyptus Seedlings, only use once every year, simultaneously with embodiment 1 prepare without Wrapped fertilizer for contrasting, other planting conditions are identical, plant after 1 year, experimental group increases 3.02m than the average tree of control group, increases 129%.
Experiment 2: the present inventor entrusts Yulin City of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous to plant eucalyptus company, with eucalyptus controlled release fertilizer prepared by embodiment 2, manurial experiment is carried out to Eucalyptus Seedlings, only use once every year, simultaneously with embodiment 2 prepare without Wrapped fertilizer for contrasting, other planting conditions are identical, plant after 1 year, experimental group increases 3.08m than the average tree of control group, increases 136%.
Experiment 3: the present inventor entrusts Nanning to plant eucalyptus company, with eucalyptus controlled release fertilizer prepared by embodiment 3, manurial experiment is carried out to Eucalyptus Seedlings, only use once every year, simultaneously with embodiment 3 prepare without Wrapped fertilizer for contrasting, other planting conditions are identical, plant after 1 year, experimental group on average increases 3.05m than control group, increases 132%.
To sum up above experiment 1,2,3 known, eucalyptus on average increases 3.02-3.08m, increase 129%-136%, visible eucalyptus controlled release fertilizer of the present invention, effectively can reduce the turnover rate of fertilizer, improve the utilising efficiency of fertilizer, simultaneously balanced in nutrition, can promote that eucalyptus grows up healthy and sound, improve Eucalyptus speed.
(3) Eucalptus fertilizer preventing disease and pest effect experimental
The basically identical eucalyptus ground of six block specifications is chosen in Guigang, Guangxi plantation eucalyptus company, be set to eucalyptus ground a, eucalyptus ground b, eucalyptus ground c, eucalyptus ground d, eucalyptus ground e, eucalyptus ground f, eucalyptus is planted on six pieces of ground, wherein eucalyptus ground a, eucalyptus ground b, eucalyptus ground c use same not have the common fertilizer of Biocidal, eucalyptus ground d, eucalyptus ground e, eucalyptus ground f use the fertilizer of embodiment 1,2,3 respectively, calculate with every mu of fertilising 150kg, through 60 days, observe the Eucalyptus situation on six pieces of eucalyptus ground.Result shows: eucalyptus ground a, eucalyptus ground b, the eucalyptus tree gloss difference that eucalyptus ground c kind is planted, plant is unhealthy, the speed of growth is slow, plant is little, and eucalyptus ground d, eucalyptus ground e, the eucalyptus good luster that eucalyptus ground f kind is planted, plant is healthy, leaf dark green is plump, fast growth, plant is large, with do not use product of the present invention eucalyptus compared with, the disease and pest in the eucalyptus ground of product of the present invention is used substantially not have, visible eucalyptus controlled release fertilizer of the present invention can not only preventing disease and pest effectively, and can be balanced in nutrition, improve edatope, promote that farm crop grow up healthy and sound fast, shorten growth cycle.
Above content can not assert that the present invention specifically implements to be confined to these explanations; for general technical staff of the technical field of the invention; do not departing under concept thereof of the present invention; some simple deduction or replace can also be made, all should be considered as belonging to the scope of patent protection that the present invention is determined by submitted to claims.
Claims (10)
1. an eucalyptus controlled release fertilizer, is characterized in that, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material: lapping 60-160 part, fertiliser granulates 200-1400 part;
Described lapping is in units of weight part, comprise following raw material: sustained release dosage 30-80 part, binding agent 30-80 part, described sustained release dosage is in units of weight part, comprise following raw material: talcum powder 8-25 part, terra alba 8-20 part, diatomite 4-10 part, wilkinite 4-10 part, peat 4-10 part, primary ammonium phosphate powder 1-3 part, potassium nitrate powder 1-2 part, described binding agent, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material: starch 22-60 part, phosphoric acid salt 5-10 part, oxygenant 1.5-6 part, coupling agent 1.5-4 part;
Described fertiliser granulates, in units of weight part, comprises following raw material:
Pyrethrum 30-290 part, Folium paulowniae 30-290 part, China tree 25-170 part, tarragon 25-170 part, yellow ginger 25-170 part, horseradish 25-170 part, yellow humic acid 15-60 part, waste residue 10-30 part, Fushou spiral shell powder 10-30 part, biological bacteria 3-12 part, micro-2-8 part.
2. eucalyptus controlled release fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described phosphoric acid salt comprise in Potassium tripolyphosphate, potassium pyrophosphate, potassium metaphosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate one or more.
3. eucalyptus controlled release fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described oxygenant comprise in Losantin, clorox, potassium hypochlorite, sodium perchlorate one or more.
4. eucalyptus controlled release fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described coupling agent comprise furfural, oxalic dialdehyde, glutaraldehyde, one or more in soluble silane.
5. eucalyptus controlled release fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described waste residue comprise in marc, bagasse, edible fungi residues, sugared slag, acid-sludge, fecula, manioc waste, citric acid waste, soy sauce residues, residue of monosodium glutamate, residue from beans after making one or more.
6. eucalyptus controlled release fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described biological bacteria comprise in vinelandii, brood cell liver bacterium, enzymatic microorganism, yeast, actinomycetes, root nodule bacterium, phosphorus bacteria, B. mucilaginocus, phosphate solubilizing bacteria one or more.
7. eucalyptus controlled release fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described trace element comprise in iron, boron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum one or more.
8. a preparation method for the eucalyptus controlled release fertilizer according to any one of claim 1-7, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
S1: by pyrethrum, Folium paulowniae, China tree, tarragon, yellow ginger, horseradish co-grinding, solvent extraction, filtration, concentrate to obtain pesticide-germicide mixture A, in mixture A, add yellow humic acid, waste residue, Fushou spiral shell powder, biological bacteria, trace element ferment, mixture B is obtained after fermentation, by mixture B granulation, oven dry, cooling i.e. obtained fertiliser granulates, described solvent comprise in ethanol, acetone, ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, ethylene dichloride one or more;
S2: with 20-60 part water by starch furnishing pulpous state, intensification makes system at 45-55 DEG C, the pH regulating starch slurry is 9-10, then phosphoric acid salt, oxygenant is added, 15-25min is reacted under 200-400r/min, then add coupling agent, keep the constant lower continuation reaction 20-50min of rotating speed, obtain starch emulsion; Drying to water content after obtained starch emulsion and talcum powder, terra alba, diatomite, wilkinite, peat, primary ammonium phosphate powder, potassium nitrate powder and 150-750 part water being mixed at 40-60 DEG C is 15%-20%, namely obtains lapping;
S3: the lapping obtained with step S2 is dried to water content≤6% after evenly being wrapped up by the fertiliser granulates lapping that step S1 is obtained at temperature is 50-60 DEG C, i.e. obtained eucalyptus controlled release fertilizer.
9. the preparation method of eucalyptus controlled release fertilizer according to claim 8, is characterized in that, in step S1, mixture A is concentrated into water content≤20%, and the condition of fermentation is at 40-80 DEG C of bottom fermentation 10-30 days.
10. the preparation method of eucalyptus controlled release fertilizer according to claim 8, is characterized in that, in step S1, mixture B is dried to water content≤6% at 60-80 DEG C, and cooling the temperature reached is 25-30 DEG C.
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| CN112500236A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2021-03-16 | 山西唯实农业开发有限公司 | Silicon-calcium-magnesium fertilizer containing organic microbial inoculum |
| CN113698253A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-11-26 | 安徽省司尔特肥业股份有限公司 | Special ecological fertilizer for eucalyptus and preparation method |
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