CN105191844B - A kind of experimental method and system for briny environment stress research - Google Patents
A kind of experimental method and system for briny environment stress research Download PDFInfo
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- CN105191844B CN105191844B CN201510743902.9A CN201510743902A CN105191844B CN 105191844 B CN105191844 B CN 105191844B CN 201510743902 A CN201510743902 A CN 201510743902A CN 105191844 B CN105191844 B CN 105191844B
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- 230000006353 environmental stress Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 22
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 9
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 8
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- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000037328 acute stress Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000008651 alkaline stress Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of experimental methods and system for briny environment stress research.The experimental method utilizes the mother liquor that briny environment stress is added in drop normal direction cultivation flume, makes mother liquor and surrounding seawater mixing using mixing arrangement, realizes gradually changing for shellfish culture environment；The system includes the cultivation apparatus for containing the environment-stress device of environment-stress mother liquor and being disposed below, the environment-stress device includes the closed catch basin that top is equipped with inlet seal blind nut, the lower section of the closed catch basin is connected with air inlet pipe and goes out liquid hose respectively, and speed change spiral shell button is additionally provided on the delivery hose；The cultivation apparatus is to be loaded with the cultivation flume of seawater, and the bottom of the cultivation flume is additionally provided with oxygenate apparatus；Mother liquor is mixed into a manner of being vacantly added dropwise in cultivation flume going out liquid hose.The present invention makes the living environment of bivalve shellfish really realize gradual change, so as to avoid other interference factors, improves the accuracy and accuracy studied briny environment stress experiment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to briny environment stress to study, more particularly, to a kind of experiment side for briny environment stress research
Method and system.
Background technology
With the popularization of intensive culture pattern, culture fishery is grown rapidly.However since high density is supported
Grow, feed the abuse of frequency increase, disinfectant and drug and unsuitable management method etc., the pollution level of breeding water body
Constantly aggravation, breeding environment is worsening, causes cultivated animals to be under the stress of various environmental factors, leads to cultivated animals
Disease is grown, culture efficiency declines, and seriously hinders the sound development of culture fishery.In order to ensure holding for culture fishery
Continuous sexual development, it is necessary to maintain excellent breeding environment as much as possible, enable cultivated animals normal growth, development and maturation.Cause
This, the relationship of research briny environment stress and aquiculture animal inquires into its mechanism of action, and the environment side of body is eliminated or alleviate to finding
It is most important to compel the approach influenced.Biology is always stimulated by various environmental factors in living environment, and stimulation and biology department
System is always in the dynamic process of interaction.Under certain environmental conditions, due to the negative effect of various factors, make
Object is unable to maintain that normal physiological status, this is just environment-stress.By the property that culture environment of aquatic products is coerced, can be divided into:Physics
Stress, includes the stress of temperature, illumination, noise etc.；Chemical stress, including water quality deterioration, salinity cataclysm, environmental pollution, feed
Nutritional imbalance and the accumulation of nitrogenous discharged waste etc.；It is crowded caused by biotic, including high-density breeding, with other species
Competition and the invasion etc. of causal organism；Management stress, including capture, point pond, 4 classes such as transport and Disease Processing.According to stress
Action time can be divided into acute environment-stress and chronic environment-stress again.Artificial capture, interfere, point pond, transport etc. cause urgency
Property stress.And since body eutrophication, water quality gradually pollute and crowded etc. caused by high density can cause the chronic side of body
Compel.Environment-stress is sometimes fatefulue, and cultivated animals can be caused directly dead；Sometimes sub- lethal, it can cause to cultivate
The stress reaction of animal.Under environmental stress conditions, body is unable to maintain that its normal physiological function, therefore is generally in ill shape
State.Environment-stress has superposability, that is to say, that multiple and different stress factors can cause when acting on cultivated animals simultaneously
More serious negative consequences.Under environment-stress, cultivated animals cannot maintain normal physiological status, growth rate decline, is immune
Power reduces, the probability of infectious disease increases significantly, or even serious economic loss can be brought to culture fishery.It is foster in order to alleviate
Environment-stress during growing keeps the sustainable development of culture fishery, it is necessary to further explore aquaculture organisms and ring
Correlation between the stress of border.
Currently, the well known experimental method for changing briny environment is die-off method.By the sea of animal subject and stressful environmental
Water is in direct contact or great-jump-forward gradually changes briny environment, such as when carrying out environment-stress research to bivalve shellfish, environment
It changes suddenly, stress reaction will occur, show as bivalve and close, cilium stops drainage.Experimenter is to prevent it from closing
Bivalve can slightly be crushed the outer edge of bivalve shellfish, or sandwich foreign matter between two shell outer edges.But these do
Method has resulted in other different degrees of stress for bivalve shellfish, does not ensure that bivalve shellfish is coerced in this acute stress
The cilium for compeling its lower outer embrane will continue to drainage, therefore be impacted to the accuracy of experiment, be easy to derive a wrong conclusion.
Therefore, there is an urgent need to a kind of methods of gradual change briny environment now, in the case where bivalve shellfish is not discovered, energy
The slow change for enough realizing briny environment, to improve the accuracy of experiment, and the similar simulation natural sea-water environment of the process
The process of gradual change enhances the reliability of experimental result.
Invention content
In order to avoid causing stress reaction such as to close bivalve to bivalve shellfish when briny environment cataclysm and stopping drainage, overcome
The shortcomings of acute stress that conventional test methods are brought is coerced and damaged, the present invention provide a kind of coerced for briny environment and study
Experimental method and system, using drop method gradual change briny environment, the present invention can gradually change briny environment, such as gradual change sea
Salinity water, and the speed for changing briny environment can be easily adjusted, so that the living environment of bivalve shellfish is really realized gradual change,
So as to avoid other interference factors, the accuracy studied briny environment stress experiment is improved.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the specific technical solution that the present invention takes is：
A kind of experimental method for briny environment stress research, which is characterized in that first by tested bivalve shellfish in foster
It grows in sink and is temporarily supported and tamed, being then gradually added into briny environment into cultivation flume using drop method active control coerces
Mother liquor so that the mother liquor can slowly, being added in cultivation flume at the uniform velocity, and so that mother liquor is being added to using mixing arrangement
It can be final to realize gradually changing for shellfish culture environment rapidly with surrounding seawater mixing when cultivation flume.
The tested bivalve shellfish is temporarily supported and is tamed in cultivation flume, is specially first temporarily supported it and is supported in interior
It grows in sink, which is sink needed for subsequent environments stress experiment, and tested bivalve shellfish by changing water and throwing daily
The routine temporary shellfish culture method such as bait is temporarily supported at least one week.
Solute in the mother liquor of the environment-stress includes acids, bases, salt；Usual briny environment stress experiment is most
The most commonly used is NaCl solutions, in addition, solute may be organic pollution, solute can not also be added in certain mother liquor.
A kind of experimental system for briny environment stress research, which is characterized in that the system includes containing environment-stress
The environment-stress device and cultivation apparatus of mother liquor, the environment-stress device include that top is equipped with the closed of inlet seal blind nut
The lower section of catch basin, the closed catch basin is connected with air inlet pipe and goes out liquid hose respectively, and air inlet pipe is for balancing external pressure in catch basin
By force, so that mother liquor at the uniform velocity flows out, it is described go out liquid hose on be additionally provided with speed change spiral shell button, by rotating the spiral shell button discharging liquid by extruding hose
Tube wall to adjust flow velocity, and then controls the time of gradual change briny environment；The cultivation apparatus is the cultivation water for being loaded with seawater
Slot, and the bottom of the cultivation flume is additionally provided with oxygenate apparatus, may be either that breeding seawater is oxygenated, and can reach stirring seawater
Effect, so that each drop mother liquor can further realize the gradual change of shellfish culture environment rapidly with surrounding seawater mixing；Described
Environment-stress device is located above cultivation apparatus, and mother liquor is mixed into cultivation flume going out liquid hose in a manner of being vacantly added dropwise
In.
The closed catch basin inner bottom surface is set as that the slope of residue of mother, the low dot location position of slope can be reduced
In the catch basin and air inlet pipe jointing part.
The air inlet pipe is transparent L-type air inlet pipe, and its height is not less than the height of closed catch basin, air inlet pipe side
Equipped with level scale line, the liquid level of closed catch basin can be shown.
The closed catch basin is preferably that transparent materials make, and can stablize the physical chemistry of solute in mother liquor
Matter can be made of the dark color or black plastic of acid and alkali-resistance, such as PP, PTFE material, and polypropylene plastics sink can be used for the salinity side of body
It forces to make peace acid, alkaline stress experiment, or is made as glass flume, glass flume can be used for all stress in addition to alkalinity is coerced
Experiment.
The closed catch basin size is specific real according to breeding spaces, environment-stress time, stress final concentration etc.
The condition of testing is designed.
The speed governing spiral shell button is polypropylene material, and delivery hose is polyvinyl chloride hose, outer diameter 3.2mm-4.5mm,
Internal diameter is 2.1mm-3.2mm.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：Provided by the present invention for the experimental method of briny environment stress research, salinity is realized
Or the experiment condition of the single stress of other factors, it overcomes acute stress stress and damage etc. that conventional test methods are brought and lacks
Point enhances the reliability and accuracy of environment-stress experiment, provided by the present invention for the experiment of briny environment stress research
System, it is convenient to adjust the speed for changing briny environment, it can realize the experiment for gradually changing briny environment truly
The briny environment of method, the existence of shellfish gradually changes, and avoids its bivalve from closing during shellfish drainage, stops showing for drainage
As, so avoid generating other stress and interference factor, so that experimental study provided by the invention is more met the sea under natural environment
Water stressful environmental, the true correlation reflected under nature breeding environment between bivalve shellfish environment-stress, eliminate to find or
Alleviate the approach that environment-stress influences and provides Research foundation.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the general structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Wherein, 1. closed catch basin, 2. inlet seal blind nuts, 3. level scale lines, 4. air inlet pipe, 5. go out liquid hose,
6. speed change spiral shell button, 7. cultivation flumes, 8. oxygenate apparatus, 9. seawater.
Specific implementation mode
Below by way of specific embodiment and in conjunction with attached drawing, the present invention will be further described.
The present embodiment is using bivalve shellfish as study subject.Bivalve shellfish is temporarily supported in cultivation flume first and tame and docile
Change, is temporarily supported one week by changing the shellfishes routine such as water and bait throwing in method for temporarily cultivating daily, then utilize briny environment stress research special
Experimental system control be gradually added into cultivation flume briny environment stress mother liquor so that the mother liquor can slowly, at the uniform velocity
Be added in cultivation flume, and when being added to cultivation flume can rapidly with surrounding seawater mixing, realize shellfish culture sea
Water environment gradually changes.
As shown in Figure 1, the above-mentioned experimental system for briny environment stress research includes being loaded with environment-stress mother liquor
Environment-stress device and cultivation apparatus, the environment-stress device include that top is equipped with water inlet and corresponding inlet seal spiral shell
The lower section of the closed catch basin 1 of lid 2, the closed catch basin 1 is connected with air inlet pipe 4 and goes out liquid hose 5 respectively, and air inlet pipe 4 is for putting down
Pressure is additionally provided with speed change spiral shell button 6, by rotating the spiral shell so that mother liquor at the uniform velocity flows out inside and outside weighing apparatus catch basin on the delivery hose 5
Button squeezes outlet pipe tube wall, to adjust flow velocity, and then controls the time of gradual change briny environment；The cultivation apparatus is to be loaded with
The cultivation flume 7 of seawater, and the bottom of the cultivation flume 7 is additionally provided with oxygenate apparatus 8, may be either oxygenating sea water gas, and can reach
To the effect of stirring seawater, so that each drop mother liquor can finally realize shellfish culture environment rapidly with surrounding seawater mixing
Gradual change；The environment-stress device is located above cultivation apparatus, and mother liquor is mixed going out liquid hose 5 in a manner of being vacantly added dropwise
Enter in cultivation flume 7.
The mother liquor of the environment-stress includes salting liquid, acid solution, aqueous slkali.
1 inner bottom surface of closed catch basin is set as slope, the low dot location of slope be located at the catch basin 1 with into
4 interconnecting piece of tracheae further increases the accuracy studied briny environment stress experiment to reduce residue of mother.
The air inlet pipe 4 is transparent L-type air inlet pipe, and its height is not less than the height of closed catch basin 1, air inlet pipe 4
Side is equipped with level scale line 3, can show the liquid level of closed catch basin 1.
The closed catch basin 1 is preferably that transparent materials make, and can stablize the physical chemistry of solute in mother liquor
Matter can be made of the dark color or black plastic of acid and alkali-resistance, such as PP, PTFE material, and polypropylene plastics sink can be used for the salinity side of body
Urgent or low enrichment other environment-stress experiment, or it is made as glass flume, glass flume can be used for except alkalinity stress
All stress experiments in addition.
The experimental system of above-mentioned briny environment stress research is in use, screw speed change spiral shell button 6, above environment-stress device
Water inlet be added mother liquor, be packed into mother liquor after tighten inlet seal blind nut 2, it is air tight at blind nut to ensure, mother liquor is added
Amount can be determined by level scale line 3, wherein according to formula V1=V2(C2-Cx)/(Cx-C1) volume that liquid is added is calculated,
Wherein V1It is the volume of liquid in airtight water tank, V2It is the volume of initial seawater, C1It is the concentration of solute in airtight water tank, C2It is
The concentration of the solute, C in seawaterxIt is the concentration that liquid all flows into rear solute in the seawater of lower part in airtight water tank；Mother liquor is by going out
Water hose 5 is vacantly added drop-wise in cultivation flume, and speed change spiral shell button 6, for adjusting flow velocity, flow velocity can be according to v=V1/ T is calculated,
Middle v is the flow velocity of delivery hose, and T is the stress procedure required time；The mother liquor being continuously added by oxygenate apparatus 8 rapidly with
Sea water mixing realizes the process for empirically requiring gradual change seawater, so that tested shellfish carries out environment-stress in breeding seawater 9
Experiment.
The above embodiments merely illustrate the technical concept and features of the present invention, and the protection model of the present invention can not be limited with this
It encloses.It is all any equivalent transformation or modification made according to the spirit of the present invention, should all cover within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of experimental method for briny environment stress research, which is characterized in that first by tested bivalve shellfish in cultivation
It is temporarily supported and is tamed in sink, be then gradually added into briny environment stress into cultivation flume using drop method active control
Mother liquor so that the mother liquor can slowly, being added in cultivation flume at the uniform velocity, and using mixing arrangement make mother liquor be added to it is foster
It can be final to realize gradually changing for shellfish culture environment rapidly with surrounding seawater mixing when growing sink；The tested bivalve
Shellfish is temporarily supported and is tamed in cultivation flume, specially first temporarily supports it in cultivation flume, after which is
Cultivation flume needed for continuous environment-stress experiment, tested bivalve shellfish by changing water and bait throwing in routine temporary shellfish culture method daily
Temporarily support at least one week；The experimental system that the experimental method is relied on includes containing the environment-stress device of environment-stress mother liquor and supporting
Device is grown, the environment-stress device includes that top is equipped with inlet seal blind nut（2）Closed catch basin（1）, the closed storage
Sink（1）Lower section be connected with air inlet pipe respectively（4）With go out liquid hose（5）, air inlet pipe（4）For balancing pressure inside and outside catch basin,
So that mother liquor at the uniform velocity flows out, it is described go out liquid hose（5）On be additionally provided with speed change spiral shell button（6）, soft by rotating the spiral shell button discharging liquid by extruding
Pipe（5）Tube wall, to adjust flow velocity, and then control the time of gradual change briny environment；The cultivation apparatus is to be loaded with seawater
Cultivation flume（7）, and the cultivation flume（7）Bottom be additionally provided with the oxygenate apparatus that can make mother liquor and surrounding seawater mixing
（8）；The environment-stress device is located above cultivation apparatus, and mother liquor is by going out liquid hose（5）It is mixed in a manner of being vacantly added dropwise
It is incorporated into cultivation flume（7）In.
2. the experimental method of briny environment stress research as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the environment-stress
Solute in mother liquor includes acids, bases, the optional one of salt three.
3. the experimental method of briny environment stress research as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the closed catch basin
（1）Inner bottom surface is set as that the slope of residue of mother can be reduced, and low spot one end direction of the slope goes out liquid hose（5）.
4. the experimental method of briny environment stress research as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the air inlet pipe（4）
For transparent L-type air inlet pipe, and its height is not less than the closed catch basin（1）Height, air inlet pipe（4）It is carved equipped with water level side
Line (3) is spent, for showing closed catch basin（1）Liquid level.
5. the experimental method of briny environment stress research as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the closed catch basin
（1）Making material is transparent materials.
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| CN109197707A (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2019-01-15 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | A kind of static acute toxicity testing method of the saline and alkaline water quality conformability evaluation of razor clam of hanging |
| CN110398493B (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2023-08-15 | 浙江万里学院 | Device for observing and measuring bivalve poda secretion and application method thereof |
| CN111771769A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-10-16 | 唐山市活鲜农业科技有限公司 | Temporary culture, packaging and transportation method for cold water fish |
| CN111830227A (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2020-10-27 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Flowing water type marine pollution stress experiment system for buried bivalve shellfish |
| CN112790142A (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-05-14 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | A simple and convenient device for research of fish density stress |
| CN113951184A (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-01-21 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Apparatus and method of use for assessing low and high temperature stress tolerance in aquatic animals |
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| AU2003285161A1 (en) * | 2002-11-08 | 2004-06-03 | Data Flow / Alaska, Inc. | System for uniquely identifying subjects from a target population |
| CN101191792B (en) * | 2006-11-24 | 2011-08-31 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | Water quality on-line safe prealarm system and method based on aquatic organism avoidance behavior |
| CN102124982B (en) * | 2010-12-27 | 2012-12-05 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Running water device for physiological ecology research of shellfishes |
| CN202918861U (en) * | 2012-11-23 | 2013-05-08 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Pomfret juvenile fish feeding test device |
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| CN205082475U (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2016-03-16 | 中国海洋大学 | A experimental system that is used for sea water environment to coerce research |
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2015
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