CN109197707A - A kind of static acute toxicity testing method of the saline and alkaline water quality conformability evaluation of razor clam of hanging - Google Patents
A kind of static acute toxicity testing method of the saline and alkaline water quality conformability evaluation of razor clam of hanging Download PDFInfo
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- CN109197707A CN109197707A CN201811125694.6A CN201811125694A CN109197707A CN 109197707 A CN109197707 A CN 109197707A CN 201811125694 A CN201811125694 A CN 201811125694A CN 109197707 A CN109197707 A CN 109197707A
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- razor clam
- hanging
- acute toxicity
- saline
- toxicity testing
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/40—Culture of aquatic animals of annelids, e.g. lugworms or Eunice
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of static acute toxicity testing methods of the saline and alkaline water quality conformability evaluation of razor clam of hanging, comprising: preparing experiment water cleaning, is temporarily supported, domestication, experiment.The present invention more can really reflect in the case of stress the tolerance performance of razor clam of hanging, and have many advantages, such as easy to operate, repeated high；A reference case is provided for the acute toxicity testing of bivalve shellfish, also saline-alkali water cultivation is introduced as a kind of cultivation new varieties for razor clam of hanging and provides scientific basis.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aquatic animals to test field, the in particular to static state of a kind of saline and alkaline water quality conformability evaluation of razor clam of hanging
Acute toxicity testing method.
Background technique
Saline-alkali water is distributed across land area, salinity is greater than 1000mgL-1Less than 50000mgL-1It is non-maritime
Salt water resources, China's saline alkali land area are 1.49 × 109Mu, low-lying saline-alkali water is about 6.9 × 108Mu is widely distributed in China east
19 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in north, North China, Northwest inland area.Saline and alkaline water quality have high ph-values, high carbon acid saline and alkaline, it is high from
The features such as subsystem number, water quality type are various and leading ion is out of proportion, since people and animals can not drink, agricultural can not be directly sharp
With the overwhelming majority is in idle state.But the characteristics of according to " saline and alkaline with water, to be gone with water ", establish " with fishing salt reduction,
Combatted alkalinity with fishing " utilization mode, by saline-alkali water fishery utilization introduce ecology of alkali saline land administer, can effectively expand Fisheries Development sky
Between, form new productivity, improve farmers' income, meet the sustainable development that national economic development is mutually coordinated with environmental and ecological protection
Exhibition strategy.
China is that maximum shellfish culture state, shellfish annual output account for 60% or more of world's shellfish total output, shellfish in the world
Class aquaculture has become one of the pillar of coastal mariculture industry.Razor clam of wherein hanging is one of big cultivated shellfish in China four, master
It is distributed in the north and south Coastal beach in China.Due to hanging, razor clam is ingested, and consumes a large amount of organic debris and life of swimming in breeding water body
Object improves water eutrophication phenomenon.Razor clam hang as a kind of eurysalinity shellfish, economic value and environmental benefit have both, by it
It is bright to be incorporated in saline-alkali water breeding prospect.How scientific evaluation hangs razor clam to the conformability of saline and alkaline water quality, and acute toxicity testing is
Relatively simple, quick method.
Acute toxicity refers to that poisonous substance can cause experimental animal to generate serious damage rapidly in a short time.Since death is held
Easily observation, and be most obvious and most serious adverse effect, therefore when progress aquatic animal test, it commonly uses dead as anxious
Property poisoning observation index, often measure acute toxicity to cause the concentration of experimental animal dead 50%.Using aquatile urgency
Property toxicity test be the technological means for investigating aquatile anti-adversity, but traditional aquatile test method at present, poison
Property test programming and duration of test runs mainly using fish as research object, usually 96 hours.Shellfish is as one
Kind mollusk, is made of, and have and significantly keep away harmful closed shell behavior, this row head, foot, internal sac, outer embrane and 5 part of abdominal foot
For shellfish can be allowed to reduce influence of the environmental factor to it to a certain extent, thus for hang razor clam this how to carry out acute toxicity
There is still a need for further researchs for experiment.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of static state of the saline and alkaline water quality conformability evaluation of razor clam of hanging is acute
Toxicity test method, this method provide a reference case for the acute toxicity testing of bivalve shellfish, are also razor clam of hanging as one
Kind cultivation new varieties introduce saline-alkali water cultivation and provide scientific basis.
The present invention provides a kind of static acute toxicity testing methods of the saline and alkaline water quality conformability evaluation of razor clam of hanging, comprising:
(1) it is prepared with sea crystal and temporarily supports water, salinity is identical as sample point (taking razor clam point of hanging)；The razor clam of hanging of acquisition is cleaned,
It is placed in temporarily feeding water and is temporarily supported；
(2) filtered tap water is added into storage pond, holding pond, so that salinity gradually transits to starting salinity and experiment salinity
The median of difference, i.e. level-one are tamed；Filtered tap water is added into storage pond, holding pond, so that salinity gradually transits to experiment salt
Degree, i.e. second level are tamed；
(3) razor clam of hanging is selected after completing domestication, carries out static acute toxicity testing, experimentation according to the experiment gradient of setting
Algae is not fed, is oxygenated；The death rate of daily time sight recording individual.
Temporarily feeding water, temporarily feeding, level-one domestication, second level domestication are both needed to oxygenic aeration for the preparation.
The temporary feeding time in the step (1) is 48 hours.
The time of level-one domestication and second level domestication in the step (2) is 24 hours.
Described temporarily support respectively feeds a chlorella pyrenoidosa with morning and evening when level-one domestication.
Experiment gradient in the step (3) includes salinity, basicity or temperature etc..
The static acute toxicity testing time in the step (3) is 7 days.
Whether the present invention is suitable for hanging before razor clam, test whether needing temporarily domesticating place with regard to 96 hours acute toxicity testing methods
Feeding etc. whether is needed explicitly define during reason, test.Important link includes: 1, test period, and 2, before test be
It is no to need temporarily domesticating；3, test hang razor clam preparation with select；4, whether feeding is needed during testing；5, death determination method.
Beneficial effect
The present invention more can really reflect in the case of stress the tolerance performance of razor clam of hanging, and have easy to operate, repeated height
The advantages that；A reference case is provided for the acute toxicity testing of bivalve shellfish, is also razor clam of hanging as a kind of cultivation new varieties
It introduces saline-alkali water cultivation and provides scientific basis.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is razor clam death rate comparison diagram of hanging without three groups after acclimation and acclimation.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to specific examples.It should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate the present invention
Rather than it limits the scope of the invention.In addition, it should also be understood that, after reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art
Member can make various changes or modifications the present invention, and such equivalent forms equally fall within the application the appended claims and limited
Range.
Embodiment 1 is hung razor clam Low-salinity water quality static state acute toxicity testing
One, temporarily domesticating whether is needed before test
As shown in Figure 1, razor clam of hanging is with regard to table within first day in the water that it is 1 ‰ to salinity that the razor clam of hanging without acclimation, which is directly launched,
Reveal and be significantly not suitable with, average mortality is up to 46.7 ± 3.8%, and testing salinity is all 1 ‰ hanging by acclimation
Razor clam, first day death rate only have 1.1 ± 1.1%.It does not tame group using variance analysis, 3 ‰ two gradients of salinity 1 ‰ and salinity
The 1st day average mortality and have significant difference (P < 0.05) within latter 6 days, illustrate to cultivate razor clam of hanging in low salinity water, should be in advance
Taking domestication measure to reduce low salinity water influences it.
The same salinity Different treatments Yi razor clam mortality difference significance analysis of table 1
Table 1 illustrates that this experiment has done salinity and tamed and do not tamed at two kinds for the razor clam of hanging of 1 ‰, 3 ‰ and 5 ‰ three concentration
Reason comparison, paired sample T test find that three groups of the death rate has significant difference.The results showed salinity is below 5 ‰
Aquifer cultivation hang razor clam or carry out acute toxicity testing, should take in advance classification less salt domestication measure, reduce low salinity water pair
It is coerced.
It follows that classification less salt domestication measure should be taken in advance.
Two, time exploration is implemented in experiment
(1) experimental water prepares: with oneself of sea crystal (brand: blue-sea) and filtering in the plastics storage pond, holding pond of 500L
Water prepares the temporary feeding water 300L that salinity is 15 ‰, with refractometer (brand: AS ONE, model: IS-10E) to water salinity into
The thick school of row and with multi-parameter water quality monitor (brand: YSI, model: professional plus) to the accurate school of salinity progress
Core.Oxygenic aeration 48 hours in pond.The tap water 400L of filtering is added in the plastics storage pond, holding pond of another 500L, while being filled
Oxygen aeration, as step (4), the classification thinned water of (5).
(2) it cleans: being cleaned the razor clam of hanging excavated from razor clam farm with tap water, dead and incomplete individual is chosen.
(3) temporarily support: after cleaning, the complete razor clam of hanging of individual, which is put into the storage pond, holding pond of 15 ‰ salinity, is temporarily supported 48 hours.Sooner or later
It respectively feeds chlorella pyrenoidosa (Chlorella pyrenoidosa) once, carries out oxygenic aeration therebetween.It is changed in time according to water quality
Water, soil pick-up choose dead shellfish.
(4) level-one is tamed: the filtering tap water after oxygenic aeration is added in 2:1 ratio into the storage pond, holding pond of 15 ‰ salinity,
Salinity is set to be down to 10 ‰, taming the temporarily feeding time is 24 hours, respectively feeds a chlorella pyrenoidosa sooner or later.Oxygenation exposure is carried out therebetween
Gas.It changes water, soil pick-up in time according to water quality, chooses dead shellfish.
(5) second level is tamed: being proportionally added into filtered originally salinity water into the storage pond, holding pond of step (4) and is down to 5 ‰, tames and dociles
Changing the temporarily feeding time is 24 hours, and stopping feeds algae, carries out oxygenic aeration therebetween.It changes water, soil pick-up in time according to water quality, chooses dead
Shellfish.
(6) salinity acute toxicity testing: after temporary domesticating, selection vigor is good, healthy, size specification is almost the same razor clam of hanging
30/frame, randomized grouping experimental.The good performance of vigor is to observe that razor clam of hanging has water pipe stretching, touches it with hand, water pipe is received rapidly
It returns, closed shell.It is respectively placed in 15L turnover box (specification: long 42cm × wide 30cm × high 15.5cm), and draw a design and records razor clam of hanging
Length and weight (shell is long: 5.15 ± 0.34cm, weight in wet base: 10.95 ± 2.25g).The salinity series of setting be 0.5 ‰, 1 ‰,
The water of the corresponding experiment salinity of 2 ‰, 3 ‰, 4 ‰, 5 ‰, the interior injection 8L of turnover box, tests every group of concentration setting three in parallel, tested
Journey does not feed algae, is oxygenated.Daily time sight records the mortality for razor clam individual of hanging, and to hang, razor clam water pipe stretches out, shell
It opens, closed shell, water pipe do not retract as the foundation for being determined as death for touching.The salinity static state acute toxicity testing time is 7 days.
(7) test result and conclusion:
Table 2 is hung razor clam low salinity water static state acute toxicity testing result
Note: data are death rate mean+/-standard error
Razor clam acute toxicity testing of hanging is carried out in low salinity water, after classification domestication in advance, selection salinity 5 ‰ is control group,
2 result data of table shows that the death rate of the group significantly rose at the 9th day, when the death rate of control group rises, continues out
Exhibition acute toxicity testing just loses meaning, and 0.5 ‰ and 1 ‰ two groups of salinity proceed to just all death in the 7th day.Single factor test side
Difference analysis shows, 0.5 ‰, 1 ‰, 2 ‰, 3 ‰, 4 ‰ each salinity group death rate mean values start the number of days pair for significant difference occur
It should be the 4th, 4,6,7,8 day；When experiment proceeds to the 15th day, only 5 ‰, 4 ‰ groups there are also some individuals survival, but the death rate
More than 50%.Therefore it is considered herein that low salinity water carries out razor clam acute toxicity testing of hanging, the implementation time at least be should be 7 days.
Three, whether need to feed exploration during testing
Since experimental period is set to 7 days, it is longer than 96 hours traditional acute toxicity test for aquatic organism time.For confirmation
Whether can because of starvation impact the hang razor clam death rate, the present invention chooses the water body that salinity is 2 ‰ and carries out respectively if not feeding within 7 days
The experiment for feeding and not feeding, the same step of experimental implementation (6), feeding group morning and evening respectively feeds a chlorella pyrenoidosa.3 knot of table
Fruit is statistics indicate that the death rate for not feeding group in 7 days is under equal conditions below and feeds group, and is also tested with paired sample T test
Demonstrate,proving two groups of data, there are significant difference (P < 0.05).It can be considered that the acute toxicity reality for carrying out razor clam of hanging is not fed in 7 days
The razor clam death rate of hanging can't be impacted because of starvation by testing.
Whether the razor clam low salinity water of hanging of table 3 feeds algae toxicity experimental result
Note: data are death rate mean+/-standard error
Therefore, real it is considered herein that carried out acute toxicity testing can be evaluated by carrying out saline and alkaline water quality tolerance to razor clam of hanging
Applying the time at least should be 7 days, whole process oxygenation, without feeding during test.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of static acute toxicity testing method of the saline and alkaline water quality conformability evaluation of razor clam of hanging, comprising:
(1) it is prepared with sea crystal and temporarily supports water, salinity is identical as sample point；By the razor clam cleaning of hanging of acquisition, it is placed in temporarily feeding water and carries out
Temporarily support；
(2) filtered tap water is added into storage pond, holding pond, so that salinity gradually transits to starting salinity and tests salinity difference
The domestication of median, i.e. level-one；Filtered tap water is added into storage pond, holding pond, so that salinity gradually transits to experiment salinity, i.e.,
Second level domestication；
(3) razor clam of hanging is selected after completing domestication, carries out static acute toxicity testing according to the experiment gradient of setting, experimentation is not thrown
Algae is fed, is oxygenated；The death rate of daily time sight recording individual.
2. a kind of static acute toxicity testing method of the saline and alkaline water quality conformability evaluation of razor clam of hanging according to claim 1,
It is characterized by: temporarily feeding water, temporarily feeding, level-one domestication, second level domestication are both needed to oxygenic aeration for the preparation.
3. a kind of static acute toxicity testing method of the saline and alkaline water quality conformability evaluation of razor clam of hanging according to claim 1,
It is characterized by: the temporary feeding time in the step (1) is 48 hours.
4. a kind of static acute toxicity testing method of the saline and alkaline water quality conformability evaluation of razor clam of hanging according to claim 1,
It is characterized by: the time of level-one domestication and second level domestication in the step (2) is 24 hours.
5. a kind of static acute toxicity testing method of the saline and alkaline water quality conformability evaluation of razor clam of hanging according to claim 1,
It is characterized by: described temporarily support respectively feeds a chlorella pyrenoidosa with morning and evening when level-one domestication.
6. a kind of static acute toxicity testing method of the saline and alkaline water quality conformability evaluation of razor clam of hanging according to claim 1,
It is characterized by: the static acute toxicity testing time in the step (3) is 7 days.
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Cited By (1)
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