CN101191792B - Water quality on-line safe prealarm system and method based on aquatic organism avoidance behavior - Google Patents
Water quality on-line safe prealarm system and method based on aquatic organism avoidance behavior Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a water quality online security early warning system and method thereof. The water quality online security early warning system comprises a biology avoidance behavior sensor which consists of two testing tubes, wherein, the two tubes are communicated through a two-way in the middle and parallel with each other; the two tubes are respectively provided with two groups of stainless steel monitoring electrodes, each group of electrodes consists of a signal transmitting electrode and a signal receiving electrode, wherein, the signal transmitting electrode forms a positive rotation low voltage alternating electric field in the testing tube, and the signal receiving electrode can induce changes of the electric field; the changes of the electric field are transmitted to a signal collecting device, and displayed through a display after being processed. The invention can display behavior change signal of a tested biology with the mode of electrical signal received from multi-point monitoring, can achieve online biology monitoring of original position, online and real time via analyzing and evaluating the electrical signal, and can warn early against unknown contaminants in water body, and has very important indicating effect for the investigations of environmental pollution, in particular for paroxysmal and severe accidental changes.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the environmental monitoring technology field, specifically relate to a kind of water quality safety on line early warning system and method.
Background technology
The chemicals particularly widespread use of chemical pesticide and heavy metal brings problem of environmental pollution, and produces, has very many hidden danger in the transportation at it.Poisonous and hazardous chemical all can cause great harm to the mankind at any time to the accidental release of environment, the existence of biology is formed threaten.Artificial water body hydrobiological existence and the human safety of drinking water of threatening also at all times of poisoning.The irregular operating in various sudden accidents and chemical plant all can cause unpredictable water pollution accident.Need effective environmental quality early warning system that the burst Pollution accident of water environment is monitored.
Up to now, monitoring water quality on line and the early warning of generally adopting roughly is divided into two big classes in the world: a class is a physico-chemical analysis, promptly adopts various online analytical instruments, by analytical approach quantitatively or qualitatively, and objectionable impurities and concentration thereof in the mensuration water.This class monitoring method is targeted, can be than the content that monitors variety classes dangerous chemicals in the water faster, delicately.Yet the water quality parameter that the online chemical monitoring instrument of this class can express-analysis goes out is very limited, and monitoring result can not reflect directly that water body contains the toxicity size of chemical substance, the toxicity of especially unknown chemical substance.Another kind of is by the biological monitoring technology being combined with environmental science and technology, using ecological approach and toxicologic method that contaminated environment is carried out analysis and evaluation.Though this method can directly be measured the toxicity and the mixed joint toxicity of number of chemical material of industrial waste water, and be the mechanism of toxication stockpile of research chemical substance, but lack for the needs real-time monitoring (Real-time Monitoring) and the real-time online early warning of the burst Pollution accident of monitoring in time.
Online biological monitoring technology (On-line Bio-monitoring Technology) is the environmental pollution monitoring new technology that had just proposed in recent years.Online biological monitoring technology can be implemented monitoring in the later different indexs of burst change of water quality to biological subject, realizes causing the water environment sudden accident early warning of ecological and health effect.At present, the technology that is applied to monitoring water quality on line is mainly online camera technique (On-line image analysis).This technology can change by the motor behavior of shooting record biological subject, and according to the behavior variation of biology water quality is estimated.But the error that this technology exists can strengthen because of the influence of factors such as the transparency of water body, water velocity, illumination, and, can not change the behavior of biology in solid space and carry out comprehensive evaluation, analysis because this technology has only realized the two dimension monitoring to biology.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the existing online biological monitoring technology that is used for water quality can be because the transparency of water body, water velocity, factors such as illumination make measuring error strengthen, and can only realize two dimension monitoring to biology, can not change the behavior of biology in solid space and carry out comprehensive evaluation, the defective of analyzing, thereby provide a kind of avlidance behavior that in the water body that is polluted, is showed based on hydrobiont to change with taxis, integrated application biological motion rule changes and the different frequency electric field signal changes, and can carry out the online biosafety pre-alarming system and method for water quality of multiple spot monitoring to the biological motion behavior.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
The invention provides a kind of water quality safety on line early warning system based on the hydrobiont avlidance behavior, as shown in Figure 1, comprise the biological avlidance behavior sensor that first testing tube 1 and second testing tube 2 are formed, two pipelines are by two middle logical linking to each other, and parallel to each other, biological subject is free to move about between first testing tube 1 and second testing tube 2;
Two groups of stainless steels monitoring electrodes are housed respectively in first testing tube 1 and second testing tube 2, and every group of electrode all is made up of transmit electrode 4 and the acknowledge(ment) signal electrode 5 that are connected on the signal pickup assembly 3; The electrode 4 that transmits is given and is formed a dextrorotation low-voltage alternating-current electric field in the testing tube, after the motion of monitored biology in pipe causes low voltage electric field to change, acknowledge(ment) signal electrode 5 can induction field variation, change in electric by forming by the electrode 4 that transmits in the acknowledge(ment) signal electrode 5 acceptance test pipes then, and after signal pickup assembly 3 acquisition process, optical signal is shown by display 6.
Described testing tube can be selected according to the individual size of biological subject;
Also can many group monitoring electrodes be installed, to realize the multiple spot monitoring function as required in same group of testing tube.
Water quality safety on line method for early warning based on the hydrobiont avlidance behavior provided by the invention comprises following step:
1) equivalent amount and the individual biological subject of in each testing tube, packing into and adapting with its size, and monitored water body and contrast water body fed respectively in first testing tube 1 and second test 2 of the online biosafety pre-alarming of water quality of the present invention system;
Described biological subject is the hydrobiont young of the monitored water source initial species of birth back 24～72 hours (preferred 48 hours), uses conventional standard water to cultivate in the laboratory to evolve at least more than the three generations, uses as biological subject; Or the hydrobiont young of the monitored water source mode standard biology of birth back 24～72 hours (preferred 48 hours), directly use as biological subject;
Described monitored water source initial species comprises aquatic invertebrate and vertebrate, and wherein invertabrate is mainly selected arthropod, and as shrimp, flea class etc., it is fish about 4 centimetres that vertebrate is mainly selected adult body length;
Described monitored water source mode standard biology comprises that Macrobrachium nipponensis, Daphnia magna and the vertebrate Japan of invertabrate is blue or green
, Gobiocypris rarus and zebra fish;
2) water quality monitoring initial period, the biological subject of dress keeps the consistent of quantity and individual size in each testing tube, and the intensity of performance of biological subject generation is suitable; After monitored water body is contaminated, biological subject at first can make great efforts to make and oneself adapt to contaminated environment by the mode that behavior is regulated, its avlidance behavior changes the first level behavior that water environment pollution produced as hydrobiont, it is first reaction of environmental pollution, biological subject is initiatively avoided contaminated waters, trip is to unpolluted cleaning pool, and promptly the trip that the biological subject in contaminated first testing tube 1 can be gradually is in the contrast water body (second testing tube 2) of cleaning; The motor behavior of biological subject changes the low-voltage alternating-current electric field that causes connecing dextrorotation low-voltage AC electrode (signal emitting electrode 4) formation in the testing tube and changes, be installed in after acknowledge(ment) signal electrode 5 in first testing tube 1 and second testing tube 2 receives, electric signal mode with the dextrorotation alternate is transferred to signal pickup assembly 3, in the monitoring means of one group of biological avlidance behavior sensor formation, the electric signal that the variation of biological subject motor behavior forms in electric signal that the variation of biological subject motor behavior forms in the monitored water body and the normal water body carries out the difference filtering, obtains biologic facies avlidance behavior ecology is changed; Through after the signal Processing, no matter be original dextrorotation variable signal, still relative behavior variable signal can carry out fourier transform, the behavior variable signal of formation from 0Hz to the 10Hz different frequency, original dextrorotation variable signal, relative behavior variable signal and Fourier transform later behavior signal data and all store with the Excel form, these behavior signals show by display 6, on-line monitoring water quality;
Described acknowledge(ment) signal electrode 5 is transmitted as per 5～15 minutes/time to the signal of signal pickup assembly 3.
The avlidance behavior of biological subject is meant hydrobiont, and the hydrobiont that the ability of particularly swimming is strong can initiatively avoid contaminated waters by sensory perception, and trip is to the behavior in unpolluted cleaning pool.Water quality safety on line early warning system and method based on the hydrobiont avlidance behavior provided by the invention, be that to have the multifarious hydrobiont of motor behavior be indicator species in preliminary election, multiple spot monitoring by biology sensor, the motor behavior variation of biological subject diverse location in two kinds of water bodys can cause testing tube internal electric field electric signal to change, and collected by signal picker in the mode of electric signal, through after the signal acquisition process device, being 0Hz with the frequency shows to the electric signal of 10Hz.Based on difference filtering technology, after biologic facies is assessed by analysis to the behavior variation in monitored water body and the contrast water body, can form comprehensive evaluation to water quality condition.The analysis and evaluation result can directly be transmitted out by vision and audible signal, thereby has realized the online biosafety pre-alarming of water quality.
Compare with traditional water quality physico-chemical analysis and biological assessment, the present invention has not only overcome physico-chemical analysis can not directly reflect water quality condition, the toxicity of especially unknown chemical substance, and biological appraisal procedure lacks for the needs real-time monitoring (Real-time Monitoring) of the burst Pollution accident of monitoring in time and the defective of real-time online early warning, also overcome the limitation that only depends on optical signal to carry out early warning, realize the audible signal transmission mode of water quality early-warning, more solved the restriction that online camera technique is influenced by the external environment factor, the behavior variable signal that shows biological subject by the electric signal mode that obtains with the multiple spot monitoring, and through analysis and evaluation to electric signal, realized original position (In situ), online (On line) and the online biological monitoring of (Real time) in real time, and can carry out early warning to the types of unknown pollutants of water body, pollute for research environment, especially sudden, violent accident variation has very important indicative function.In addition, the input that the present invention carries out water quality early-warning does not seldom need the professional to operate, and takies limited human and material resources, and the maintenance cost during the water quality early-warning is extremely low.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram of the online biosafety pre-alarming of water quality of the present invention system; Wherein, 1 first testing tube, 2 second testing tubes, 3 signal pickup assemblies, 4 electrodes that transmit, 5 acknowledge(ment) signal electrodes, 6 displays;
Fig. 2 is for coercing down the motor behavior Strength Changes figure of hydrobiont (Daphnia magna) in sensor first testing tube 1 of avlidance behavior at the organophosphorus pesticide parathion of 1.25ppm; Horizontal ordinate is exposure duration among the figure, and unit is hour (h), and ordinate is the intensity of performance (on-test, first testing tube 1 contains 10 healthy Daphnia magnas that birth is back 48 hours) of Daphnia magna different frequency;
Fig. 3 is in the sensor of monitoring hydrobiont avlidance behavior, hydrobiont motor behavior variation diagram in second testing tube 2 of pollution-free contrast water body; Horizontal ordinate is exposure duration among the figure, and unit is hour (h), and ordinate is the intensity of performance (on-test, second testing tube 2 contains 10 healthy Daphnia magnas that birth is back 48 hours) of Daphnia magna different frequency;
Fig. 4 is that the behavior with biological subject of the same race (Daphnia magna) in the normal water body of standard testing pipe is contrast, after the filtering of biological behavior difference, the organophosphorus pesticide parathion water body that contains 1.25ppm is behavior contrast, the assessment result of Daphnia magna in the monitored water body; Horizontal ordinate is exposure duration among the figure, and unit is hour (h), and ordinate is the intensity of performance of Daphnia magna different frequency.
Embodiment
Be described in further detail below and use early warning system provided by the invention and method that the organophosphorus polluted source is carried out online biosafety pre-alarming.
Adopt the water quality safety on line early warning system based on the hydrobiont avlidance behavior provided by the invention, as shown in Figure 1, comprise that (bore is 2 centimetres to first testing tube 1, length is 5 centimetres) and second testing tube 2 (bore is 2 centimetres, length is 5 centimetres) the biological avlidance behavior sensor formed, two pipelines are continuous by two middle logical (bore is 1.5 centimetres, and length is 5 centimetres), and parallel to each other, biology is free to move about between first testing tube 1 and second testing tube 2; Two groups of stainless steel monitoring electrodes are housed respectively in first testing tube 1 and second testing tube 2, and every group of electrode all is made up of transmit electrode 4 and acknowledge(ment) signal electrode 5.Signal pickup assembly 3 can be given by the electrode 4 that transmits and form a dextrorotation low-voltage alternating-current electric field, the change in electric by being formed by the electrode 4 that transmits in the acknowledge(ment) signal electrode 5 acceptance test pipes then in the testing tube.Signal through signal pickup assembly 3 acquisition process shows by display 6.
When monitoring, 10 biological subjects (selecting the back 48 hours Daphnia magna young of birth in the present embodiment for use) of in two testing tubes, all packing into as biological subject, and with monitored water body (using 1.25ppm organophosphorus parathion as paroxysmal pollution source) with contrast water body and feed respectively in first testing tube 1 and second testing tube 2 of the online biosafety pre-alarming of water quality of the present invention system; Water quality monitoring initial period, the Daphnia magna young of dress keeps the consistent of quantity and individual size in each testing tube, and the intensity of performance of Daphnia magna young generation is suitable; After monitored water body is contaminated, the Daphnia magna young at first can make great efforts to make and oneself adapt to contaminated environment by the mode that behavior is regulated, its avlidance behavior changes the first level behavior that water environment pollution produced as hydrobiont, it is first reaction of environmental pollution, the Daphnia magna young initiatively avoids contaminated waters, trip is to unpolluted cleaning pool, and promptly the trip that the Daphnia magna young in contaminated first testing tube 1 can be gradually is in the contrast water body (second testing tube 2) of cleaning; The motor behavior of the Daphnia magna young changes the low-voltage alternating-current electric field that causes connecing dextrorotation low-voltage AC electrode (signal emitting electrode 4) formation in the testing tube and changes, be installed in after acknowledge(ment) signal electrode 5 in first testing tube 1 and second testing tube 2 receives, electric signal mode with per 5～15 minutes dextrorotation alternate once is transferred to signal pickup assembly 3, in the monitoring means of one group of biological avlidance behavior sensor formation, the electric signal that the variation of Daphnia magna young motor behavior forms in electric signal that the variation of Daphnia magna young motor behavior forms in the monitored water body and the normal water body carries out the difference filtering, obtains biologic facies avlidance behavior ecology is changed; Through after the signal Processing, no matter be original dextrorotation variable signal, still relative behavior variable signal can carry out fourier transform, original dextrorotation variable signal, relative behavior variable signal and Fourier transform later behavior signal data and all store with the Excel form, these behavior signals show by display 6, on-line monitoring water quality.
Four groups of biological subject behaviors of collecting according to nearest 5 times (about 25～75 minutes) change, and the behavior that is set as follows changes code and critical numerical value thereof:
S
0: the in vitro average biological subject behavior change intensity of every group of biological avlidance behavior sensor normal water body examination;
S
c: average biological subject behavior change intensity in every group of monitored polluted-water testing tube of biological avlidance behavior sensor;
R: in four groups of parallel biological avlidance behavior sensors that monitored water body causes, average biological subject behavior change intensity S
cWith S
0Compare, difference surpasses ratio to a certain degree.
During four groups of biological subject behaviors that collect nearest 5 times (about 25～75 minutes) change, if:
(S
0-S
c)/S
0＞80%, and R
80%〉=75%, water quality early-warning is a warning red, comprises the prompting of optical signal and audible signal, and this moment, water quality may be serious pollution;
(S
0-S
c)/S
0＞80%, and R
80%〉=50%, or (S
0-S
c)/S
0＞50%, and R
50%〉=75%, or (S
0-S
c)/S
0＞20%, and R
20%=100%, water quality early-warning is orange early warning, comprises the prompting of optical signal and audible signal, and this moment, water quality may be slight pollution;
In addition, monitored water quality is normal water quality during nearest 5 times (about 25～75 minutes) monitoring, and optical signal is that white is reminded.
As shown in Figure 2, coerce down the motor behavior Strength Changes figure of the sensor first testing tube 1 medium-and-large-sized flea young of avlidance behavior at the organophosphorus pesticide parathion of 1.25ppm; Horizontal ordinate is exposure duration among the figure, and unit is hour (h), and ordinate is the intensity of performance (on-test, every pipe contains 10 healthy Daphnia magnas that birth is back 48 hours) of Daphnia magna different frequency.The result shows that the motor behavior of Daphnia magna in monitored water body changes and reduce gradually: after 2 hours, the trend of reduction gradually appears in the motor behavior intensity of being tried Daphnia magna in the testing tube; After approximately exposing 4 hours, intensity of performance reduces to zero, this mainly is all by the contaminated environment of fleeing from of avlidance behavior success, by two logical second testing tubes 2 that contain normal water body that enter of two pipe junctions because of the Daphnia magna that lives in first testing tube 1.In the sensor of monitoring the hydrobiont avlidance behavior shown in Figure 3, the motor behavior of the Daphnia magna young maintains same behavior intensity substantially in second testing tube 2 of pollution-free contrast water body.
Fig. 4 is behavior contrast, the analysis result of Daphnia magna in the monitored water body for after carrying out the difference filtering to the organophosphorus pesticide parathion water body that contains 1.25ppm.According to beginning in the 2nd hour 10 minutes, until the 3rd hour continuous five times monitoring result is analyzed (S
0-S
c)/S
0＞80%, and according to the analysis-by-synthesis of four groups of parallel monitoring results, R
80%Obviously greater than 75%, therefore, system shows by " redness " and voice suggestion modes such as " serious pollution may appear in water quality " is carried out water quality early-warning.
Claims (5)
1. the water quality safety on line early warning system based on the hydrobiont avlidance behavior comprises the biological avlidance behavior sensor that first testing tube and second testing tube are formed, and two pipelines lead to by two of centre and link to each other, and parallel to each other;
Two groups of stainless steels monitoring electrodes are housed respectively in first testing tube and second testing tube, and every group of electrode all is made up of transmit electrode and the acknowledge(ment) signal electrode that are connected on the signal pickup assembly; The electrode that transmits is given and is formed a dextrorotation low-voltage alternating-current electric field in the testing tube, after the motion of monitored biology in pipe causes low voltage electric field to change, the acknowledge(ment) signal electrode can induction field variation, change in electric by forming by the electrode that transmits in the acknowledge(ment) signal electrode acceptance test pipe then, and after the signal pickup assembly acquisition process, optical signal is shown by display.
2. water quality safety on line method for early warning based on the hydrobiont avlidance behavior comprises following step:
1) equivalent amount and the individual biological subject of in each testing tube, packing into and adapting with its size, and monitored water body and contrast water body fed respectively in two testing tubes of the online biosafety pre-alarming of the described water quality of claim 1 system;
2) water quality monitoring initial period, the biological subject of dress keeps the consistent of quantity and individual size in each testing tube, and the intensity of performance of biological subject generation is suitable; After monitored water body was contaminated, because avlidance behavior, the trip that the biological subject in contaminated testing tube can be gradually was in the testing tube of cleaning; The motor behavior of biological subject changes the low-voltage alternating-current electric field that causes the interior signal emitting electrode of testing tube to form and changes, be installed in after two acknowledge(ment) signal electrodes in the testing tube receive, electric signal mode with the dextrorotation alternate is transferred to signal pickup assembly, through the difference filtering, obtain biologic facies and change avlidance behavior is ecological; Through after the signal Processing, show on-line monitoring water quality by display.
3. the water quality safety on line method for early warning based on the hydrobiont avlidance behavior as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described biological subject is the hydrobiont young of 24～72 hours the monitored water source initial species in birth back, in the laboratory, use conventional standard water to cultivate to evolve at least more than the three generations, use as biological subject; Or the hydrobiont young of 24～72 hours the monitored water source mode standard biology in birth back, directly use as biological subject.
4. the water quality safety on line method for early warning based on the hydrobiont avlidance behavior as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: described monitored water source initial species is that shrimp, flea class or adult body length are the fish about 4 centimetres.
5. the water quality safety on line method for early warning based on the hydrobiont avlidance behavior as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: described monitored water source mode standard is biological to be Macrobrachium nipponensis, Daphnia magna, Japanese blue or green Medaka, Gobiocypris rarus or zebra fish.
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Families Citing this family (14)
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| CN102175825A (en) * | 2010-12-24 | 2011-09-07 | 烟台凯思环境技术有限公司 | Biological monitoring system and method for monitoring sudden change of high-turbidity and low-temperature water quality |
| CN102207485A (en) * | 2011-03-22 | 2011-10-05 | 南京大学 | Waste water online biological monitoring method and device |
| CN102353757B (en) * | 2011-10-14 | 2014-04-30 | 无锡中科水质环境技术有限公司 | Biological behavior biosensor |
| CN102588746A (en) * | 2012-03-22 | 2012-07-18 | 电子科技大学 | Inside-detection device for active electric-field liquid delivery pipelines |
| CN103149336B (en) * | 2013-03-04 | 2014-03-26 | 河海大学 | Sudden water pollution biological early warning device and method based on hydrodynamic force constraining principle |
| CN103487561B (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2014-07-09 | 河海大学 | Early warning device and method for identifying sudden water pollution based on biotic population module |
| CN105191844B (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2018-07-24 | 中国海洋大学 | A kind of experimental method and system for briny environment stress research |
| JP6362056B2 (en) * | 2016-06-10 | 2018-07-25 | 洋将 古澤 | Method for inducing aquatic organisms and system for inducing aquatic organisms |
| CN107549036B (en) * | 2016-08-02 | 2020-03-27 | 山东师范大学 | Aquatic organism behavior on-line monitoring system and method based on electric and video signals |
| CN106248901B (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2018-03-27 | 南京信息工程大学 | A kind of method that noxious material in water is monitored using fish movement current potential changed power |
| CN107064445A (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2017-08-18 | 无锡中科水质环境技术有限公司 | A kind of online water quality early-warning monitoring system and method for utilization aquatile avlidance behavior reaction monitoring change of water quality |
| CN106932553A (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2017-07-07 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 | A kind of online biosafety pre-alarming monitoring method of water quality |
| CN109839289B (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2021-07-09 | 吉林师范大学 | Early warning device based on biological population chunk discernment and water pollution |
| CN111443053A (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2020-07-24 | 重庆大学 | Water quality on-line monitoring and early warning system based on biological behavior and multispectral |
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| CN1162119A (en) * | 1996-02-20 | 1997-10-15 | 阿尼玛电子株式会社 | Apparatus for monitoring water quality using aquatic living thing |
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