CN102207485A - Waste water online biological monitoring method and device - Google Patents
Waste water online biological monitoring method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102207485A CN102207485A CN2011100693995A CN201110069399A CN102207485A CN 102207485 A CN102207485 A CN 102207485A CN 2011100693995 A CN2011100693995 A CN 2011100693995A CN 201110069399 A CN201110069399 A CN 201110069399A CN 102207485 A CN102207485 A CN 102207485A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a waste water online biological monitoring method and a waste water online biological monitoring device, and belongs to the field of waste water online monitoring. The device consists of a circulating pump (3), a liquid storage chamber (2), a circulation chamber (1), an inductive electrode (4) and a multimeter (5); the circulating pump is arranged at the lateral bottom of the liquid storage chamber away from the circulation chamber, and is connected with the circulation chamber via a plastic pipe; the sidewall of the circulation chamber is connected with side surface of the liquid storage chamber at the equal height to realize flow exposure of the whole course. Two pairs of copper electrodes with nuts are arranged on the inner side of the circulation chamber, wherein one pair of the electrodes functions as an input end of an electrical signal, and the other pair of the electrodes is connected with the multimeter to form an output end of the electrical signal. The distribution of an electric field in the circulation chamber can be influenced by swimming of the tested organism daphnia, namely the change of output current or voltage. By the invention, whether the quality of the discharged water is safe can be intuitively reflected; meanwhile, an 'electronic eye' is provided for the pollution incident monitoring and the dispute resolution monitoring of an environmental monitoring department. The device disclosed by the invention is simple in structure and strong in mobility and can be used indoors and outdoors.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method and apparatus of waste water on-line monitoring, the online biological monitoring method and apparatus of a kind of waste water of saying so more specifically.
Background technology
Water is indispensable valuable source in human being's production and the life, and on the one hand in recent years, China's wastewater from chemical industry total emission volumn accounts for first of the national industrial wastewater discharge total amount always, has become the main water environment pollution problem of China; Wherein the water environment pollution problem that is caused by toxic organics is particularly serious, this mainly is because many organism belong to carcinogenic, teratogenesis, mutagenic " three cause " material, can make animal cause tumour, have a strong impact on health and animal and plant growth, and then disturb and destroy the ecologic equilibrium.On the other hand because the development of globalization, the growing with each passing day of communications and transportation, the frequent of commodity flows, and incidents such as overflow, leakage take place in the particularly logistics of poisonous and harmful chemical products, and the acute pollution that water sources such as river, reservoir are caused happens occasionally.These all an urgent demand have a kind of online warning monitoring system of sensitivity to find the burst Pollution of water immediately, in time take effective safe precaution measure.
Owing to be subjected to the restriction of factors such as wastewater processing technology, in the waste water of part enterprise discharging, still contain many toxic organic compound matter harmful to health.And existing discharged wastewater met the national standard standard only can satisfy the most basic requirement, and the parameter of related emission standard only is such as minority indexs such as COD, is difficult to effectively control the discharging of noxious material.Because traditional sampling check is in the face of the accident of some bursts, lag behind as accident contamination, event response such as poison, can't in time make a response, so the online biological monitoring of round-the-clock water quality of being born.Online biological monitoring can be carried out uninterrupted monitoring in continuous 24 hours to water quality, the bio-toxicity that the sudden change of response water quality is produced intuitively, thus in time take counter-measure, harm is dropped to minimum.
The online biological monitoring of water quality (also claims biological early warning system, biological early warning systems, BEWS), in recent years on the biological toxicity test basis, grow up, be to place monitoring indoor living organism, set up the bio signal detection system, abnormal physiology or behavior variation alarm contamination accident according to bion are mainly used in the variation in a short time of monitoring pollutant toxicity.It provides a kind of pollutant of estimating to the potential quick and economic method of negative effect of biology, particularly can not monitor (the unknown catabolite of organic poison) in the method for chemistry, reality also can't be monitored (toxicant potpourri collaborative or antagonism) or chemical method monitoring expense when extremely expensive, and online biological monitoring can play one's part to the full.Test with physics and chemistry monitoring and bio-toxicity and to compare, online biological monitoring system demonstrates huge superiority.
The research and development of foreign biomolecule on-line monitoring is comparatively rapid, and has been applied, and uses maximum on great river, Europe and tributary (mainly being basin, the Rhine).Britain, South Africa, the U.S. and Japan and other countries have also developed this technology in succession.The online biological monitoring system of existing water pollutions such as Germany, Holland, Britain, the U.S. drops into practical application, and has carried out commercialization production.Be used to monitor intakes such as various drinking water treatment factory, aquatic farm, sewage treatment plant and (or) water quality of freeing port.Domestic also have a relevant research report, mainly is the research (Wu Yonggui etc., ACTA Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2004) that heavy metal pollution is carried out in the photoaxis behavior of the utilization carina flea of Wu Yonggui.Li Zhi very waits to have discussed and utilizes hydrobiological behavioral ecology to change the method for carrying out the online biological monitoring of water quality, with organophosphorus pesticide (DDVP, parathion) is the preliminary election water pollutant, with the Daphnia magna is the biological online early warning test (Li Zhiliang etc. that biological subject has carried out sudden pollution by pesticides incident, China's water supply and drainage, 2007).Ren Zongming etc. have proved by the move relative behavior of monitoring Daphnia magna and have changed, and realize the online biological monitoring (Ren Zongming etc., Chinese water supply and drainage, 2006) to Bravo, nitrofen and deltamethrin pesticide contamination accident.Xu Xilian etc. have carried out looking forward to (Xu Xilian etc., Laiyang Agricultural College journal, 2001) to exploitation algae on-line monitoring system.
In sum, online Measurement for Biotechnique can be utilized the early warning function, reflects water environment and mass change coercing biology thereof by selected indicator organism behavioral activity and variation thereof.Have by the indicator organism kind: the online biological monitoring of bacterium, algae, bivalve mollusks, fish and water flea system.
But a lot of in addition deficiencies of abroad having moved of online biological monitoring system, higher as the installation and operation expense, system stability is relatively poor, false alarm rate is higher, in the area, temperate zone, big multisystem can only seasonally be used, or can use after good back-up system is provided for system throughout the year.And these also rest in the laboratory study mostly, can't reach the real scene environmental applications outside the laboratory substantially, and the report of rig-site utilization is not also seen.
Biological online measuring technique and equipment are the research contents that spells out on the current hi-tech industrialization major fields guide of first developing.Based on present research, application present situation, can believe: along with development of technologies, the particularly development of biotechnology and electronic information technology, biological online biological monitoring system development has a extensive future.
Flea generic cladocera animal a kind of, in the aquatic ecosystem food web, be in key position, variation to chemical composition in its living environment is very responsive, in the control environment based on single-female generation, has good homogenieity, has high birth rate because of it again, so water flea is a kind of toxicity test material of standard, can be used as the bionidicator of change of water quality, bringing into play important effect aspect the biological monitorings such as life or industrial sewage, surface water, underground water and Drinking Water at present.
Summary of the invention
1, the technical matters that will solve
Online biological monitoring is difficult to carry out at existing waste water, the invention provides the online biological monitoring method and apparatus of a kind of waste water, performance testing probe by the online biological monitoring device observation of waste water, utilization is simultaneously measured and automatic control technology automatically, judge water flea fast and accurately because of the contaminated correlated response of making, intend realizing the online biological monitoring of chemical industrial park waste water.
2, technical scheme
Principle of the present invention:
Online biological monitoring is to utilize the bion behavior to living in water environment to change the technology of monitoring in real time.In all changes; conventional index such as EC50, LC50 result can reflect the influence of pollutant to biology; but the species that biological death causes reduce and wither away; often be to pollute the paulopost effect that causes; such result can only estimate the final influence of pollution to the ecosystem, is difficult to play early prediction control and the effectively biological effect of protection.Therefore, the present invention moves about and will influence the distribution of circulation chamber internal electric field by the biological subject Daphnia magna, be embodied in the variation of output current or voltage, promptly be subjected to exogenous noxious material effect and the increase of intensity of performance takes place or weaken when Daphnia magna, respective change will appear in the induction current index of system's output.Keep moving about normally in experimentation with reference to Daphnia magna in the circulation chamber, influence presents the trend that increases progressively in time to induction current; And experiment circulation chamber Daphnia magna is when exposure is able to cause the effective concentration that the flea forms of motion changes, induction current occurs and in monitoring periods, increase the variation that constantly reduces with exposure duration, while is realized the on-line monitoring of mobile wastewater biological toxicity in conjunction with measuring automatically and control technology.
Technical scheme of the present invention:
The online biological monitoring device of a kind of waste water, comprise two groups of channel units, each unit comprises fluid reservoir, circulation chamber, induction electrode, multimeter and ebullator, ebullator is placed on the side bottom of fluid reservoir away from circulation chamber, join by plastic tube and circulation chamber, the circulation chamber sidewall links to each other with fluid reservoir side equal-height position, realize omnidistance mobile exposure, the inboard copper electrode of placing two pairs of band nuts of circulation chamber, wherein a pair ofly link to each other as electric signal input end with the stabilized voltage supply adapter, another is connected to form electrical signal to electrode by lead and multimeter.
Two groups of channel units are used for for one group being used for effluent monitoring with reference to another group among the present invention, and there is identical dynamic conditions in both, comprise water velocity and volume.
The online biological monitoring method of a kind of waste water of the present invention the steps include:
(A) cultivation of Daphnia magna, test obtaining with flea;
(B) preparation of standard dilution water;
(C) add artificial dilute aqueous solution in the reference circulation chamber, the required waste water of the experiment indoor adding of circulation is then respectively put into Daphnia magna in circulation chamber;
(D) after Daphnia magna is put into circulation chamber 5 min, begin to test timing in the time of the power-on adapter switch;
(E) since 0 moment, the instantaneous induction current of every interval 5 min record reference and experiment circulation chamber, 30 min write down constantly and stop to test;
(F) repeat for two to three times, the analytic record result judges whether there were significant differences between contrast and experimental group.
The strict national standard method with reference to " the water quality material is to flea class (Daphnia magna) determination of acute toxicity method " of the cultivation of the medium-and-large-sized flea of step of the present invention carries out.After result's judgement is repeatedly revision test,, illustrate that then the Daphnia magna behavior is suppressed, and can be used as the early warning of change of water quality if there is significant difference in the two.
3, beneficial effect
The invention provides the online biological monitoring method and apparatus of a kind of waste water, can intuitively reflect the water quality of discharging safety whether, the safety guarantee early warning is carried out in the variation of reply pollutional load, sewage discharge etc. has good application prospects in the on-site supervision aspect in real time after this chemical industrial park discharge of wastewater, contaminating enterprises' discharge of wastewater and centralized wastewater treatment at home and abroad, and it is for discharge of wastewater control, effectively management provides technical support; Simultaneously, application of the present invention provides " electronics eyes " will for the contamination accident monitoring of environment monitoring department, dispute arbitration monitoring.
Apparatus of the present invention are simple in structure, and volume is little, and are easy to operate, and mobility is strong, and indoor and outdoor all can be used.Easy to make, cost is low.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1. apparatus of the present invention structural representation, fluid reservoir 2, circulation chamber 1, induction electrode 4, multimeter 5 and ebullator 3;
Fig. 2. Atman board submersible pump;
Fig. 3. fluid reservoir;
Fig. 4. circulation chamber side and vertical view;
Fig. 5. source of stable pressure and copper electrode;
Fig. 6. become first multimeter;
Fig. 7. the online biological monitoring system schematic of single, double passage;
Fig. 8. electrode submergence height and induced voltage relation;
Fig. 9. flow velocity influences output voltage;
Figure 10. reference and the instantaneous induced electricity flow graph of experiment circulation chamber;
Figure 11. on-line monitoring system unit design figure;
Parameter is set in the single experiment pool device: single experiment pool size: 5 * 7 * 8 centimetres, and liquid level in the experiment pool: 4 centimetres, the liquid reserve tank size: 5 * 8 * 15 centimetres, flow pumps controllable flow rate scope: 1-10mL/min;
Figure 12. on-line monitoring system single unit system sketch
Device in relevant setting and the pond: device overall dimensions: 40 * 50 centimetres, device in the pond: stirrer, thermostat, light source, 12 experiment pool etc.Two rows have 12 experimental considerations units, are used for the experiment of variable concentrations waste water, can freely select to use the number of unit;
Figure 13 experimental provision synoptic diagram;
Figure 14 pH is to Daphnia magna distribution influence figure;
Figure 15 PFOA exposure duration-induction current changing trend diagram;
Figure 16 PFOS exposure duration-induction current changing trend diagram.
Embodiment
Implementation and operation comprises index utilizability definite (comprising that pH determines the utilizability of Daphnia magna behavioral indicator to the indoor lab scale of Daphnia magna behavioral implications and compound paranitrophenol) and the water toxotest that uses actual on-line monitoring system PFOS and PFOA compound.
The cultivation of Daphnia magna is carried out with reference to the national standard method of " the water quality material is to flea class (Daphnia magna) determination of acute toxicity method ", and specific targets are as follows:
Table 1 Daphnia magna laboratory cultures condition
| Water quality | Be adapted at existence (adopting dilution water in the experiment) in the fresh water |
| Cultivation temperature | 20-25℃ |
| Illuminance | 1000lx |
| Periodicity of illumination | The 10L:14D(Light To Dark Ratio) |
| The pH value | Can both survive in pH is the 6-10 scope, optimum pH scope is between 6.5-8.7 |
| Hardness (in CaCO3) | (250±25)mg/L |
| Dissolved oxygen DO | More than the 2mg/L |
In incubation, the feeding scenedesmus obliquus, take out young flea every day, indicates the date, and required per 2～3 days to change nutrient solution, to guarantee sufficient dissolved oxygen.
According to " the water quality material is to flea class (Daphnia magna) determination of acute toxicity method ", preparing artificial dilution water is the Daphnia magna nutrient solution, and artificial dilution water is prepared as follows with distilled water or deionized water:
The used medicine component of table 2 prepared and diluted water
| Lime chloride (CaC1 2·2H 2O） | 3.33g |
| Magnesium sulphate (MgSO 4·7H 2O） | 1.85g |
| Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO 3） | 0.97g |
| Potassium chloride (KCI) | 0.09g |
With claim medicine be dissolved in 15L and steam and to stay (available hydrogen sodium hydroxide solution or hydrochloric acid solution are regulated pH value in case of necessity) in the water, continue aeration (being no less than 24 hours) behind the mixing, to guarantee to dissolve in the dilution water oxygen of abundance.
Indoor lab scale:
The instrument and the device that adopt:
The online biological monitoring device of waste water, comprise two groups of channel units, each unit comprises ebullator 3, fluid reservoir 2, circulation chamber 1, induction electrode 4 and multimeter 5, ebullator is placed on the side bottom of fluid reservoir away from circulation chamber, join by plastic tube and circulation chamber, the circulation chamber sidewall links to each other with fluid reservoir side equal-height position, realize omnidistance mobile exposure, the inboard copper electrode of placing two pairs of band nuts of circulation chamber, wherein a pair ofly link to each other as electric signal input end with the stabilized voltage supply adapter, another is connected to form electrical signal to electrode by lead and multimeter.12 in 2 * 8 * 10cm container (son with cover) of design and customization polymethyl methacrylate materials, and stick coordinate paper in the one side of container, per two line differences in height are that 5mm(such as Figure 13 show); 500mL volumetric flask * 6,100mL graduated cylinder * 1, liquid-transfering gun, pH meter, electronic balance, aerator and constant temperature illumination box etc.
Chemicals:
Calcium oxide, magnesium sulphate, sodium bicarbonate, potassium chloride, NaOH, hydrochloric acid etc.
Experimental procedure:
(A) use hydrochloric acid (1M) or NaOH (1M), under the indication of pH meter, regulate two groups of dilution waters until pH=6.0 and pH=9.0;
(B) will join the dilute aqueous solution of different pH place in the experiment container, liquid level adds to 6cm place (each pH do two groups parallel);
(C) with plastic dropper 24 hours young fleas are moved in the experiment container one by one, 10 in each container pipettes and finishes back cover lid (showing as Figure 13);
(D) ready experiment container is placed the constant temperature illumination box, regulating temperature is 25 ℃, and Light To Dark Ratio is 10:14(L:D);
(E) in 48 hours, choose 4 time periods, be respectively 0-4,18-22,24-28 and 44-48 hour, and in this four time periods, write down the distribution situation (quantity of differing heights scope Daphnia magna) of a Daphnia magna in experiment container per half an hour; Record is eight times in each time period, and the number of sustained height is summed up, and obtains the probability that Daphnia magna occurs in this altitude range, and highly to be that horizontal ordinate, probability are ordinate, experimental result is analyzed in mapping.
Test result and discussion:
The result that Figure 14 obtains shows in the 6.0-9.0 scope, pH can ignore the survival of Daphnia magna and the influence of big distribution characteristics, pH was respectively in 6.0 and 9.0 48 hours in four time periods, and Daphnia magna unusual distribution behavior do not occur and changes (distribution of the distribution under meta-acid, the alkali condition when neutral much at one).The probability distribution at height 1 place is between the 0.2-0.6.Can obviously find out that by this test there is certain behavior regularity of distribution in Daphnia magna from figure in water.
Indoor lab scale:
The instrument and the device that adopt:
The online biological monitoring device of waste water basic structure is with embodiment 1,12 in 2 * 8 * 10cm container (son with cover) of design and customization polymethyl methacrylate materials, and stick coordinate paper in the one side of container, per two line differences in height are that 5mm(such as Figure 13 show); 500mL volumetric flask * 6,100mL graduated cylinder * 1, liquid-transfering gun, pH meter, electronic balance, aerator and constant temperature illumination box etc.
Chemicals:
P-nitrophenol (chemical pure), DMSO(analyzes pure), methyl alcohol, calcium oxide, magnesium sulphate, sodium bicarbonate, potassium chloride, etc.
Experimental procedure:
(A) solution preparation: accurately take by weighing p-nitrophenol 0.010g, and dissolve with dilution water, place the 500mL volumetric flask, use the dilution water constant volume, getting concentration is 20.0mg/L p-nitrophenyl phenol solution; Get 20.0mg/L p-nitrophenyl phenol solution 250mL in another 500mL volumetric flask with graduated cylinder, use the dilution water constant volume, get 10.0mg/L p-nitrophenyl phenol solution; The rest may be inferred, progressively dilute 5.0mg/L, 2.5mg/L, 1.0pmg/L and 0.5mg/L p-nitrophenyl phenol solution; If need the pH value of solution that adjusting is joined, can dropwise add hydrochloric acid (1M) or NaOH (1M), under the indication of pH meter, regulate, reach requirement of experiment until the pH value;
(B) will join variable concentrations p-nitrophenyl phenol solution place in the experiment container, liquid level adds to 6cm place (each concentration do two groups parallel);
(C) with plastic dropper 24 hours young fleas are moved in the experiment container one by one, 10 in each container pipettes and finishes back cover lid (showing as Figure 14);
(D) ready experiment container is placed the constant temperature illumination box, regulating temperature is 25 ℃, and Light To Dark Ratio is 10:14(L:D);
(E) in 48 hours, choose 4 time periods, be respectively 0-4,18-22,24-28 and 44-48 hour, and in this four time periods, write down the distribution situation (quantity of differing heights scope Daphnia magna) of a Daphnia magna in experiment container per half an hour; Record is eight times in each time period, and the number of sustained height is summed up, and obtains the probability that Daphnia magna occurs in this altitude range, and highly to be that horizontal ordinate, probability are ordinate, experimental result is analyzed in mapping.
Experimental result:
The result shows: in this three time periods, the distribution situation of each concentration group Daphnia magna is relatively more consistent at 0-4,18-22 and 24-28, and the probability distribution at height 1 place illustrates that at 0.2-0.7 short-term does not cause that behavior changes under this concentration; 44-48 is in the time period, distribution and the distribution other five concentration under of Daphnia magna in 20.0ppm produces bigger difference, appear between the 0.9-1.0 during 20mg/L, generally speaking, prolongation along with the time, the interval range at probability place is increasing, and the otherness that is showed increases thereupon, illustrates that the paranitrophenol toxic action of high concentration can show on the Daphnia magna individual behavior.
By the indoor lab scale of p-nitrophenol Daphnia magna, confirm to change the feasibility that can be used as the online index of biological monitoring inference of Daphnia magna about intensity of performance.
Indoor pilot scale:
The device that adopts: as Fig. 7
Experimental procedure:
(A) mobile high concentration storing solution (the PFOA1600 mg L that exposes two kinds of compounds of the preceding preparation of experiment
-1With PFOS 800 mg L
-1), use to be no more than 0.5 ‰ DMSO hydrotropy.
(B) respectively to the artificial dilute aqueous solution of reference and the indoor adding 250mL of experiment circulation, then in circulation chamber, respectively put into 10 Daphnia magnas and become flea.
(C) after Daphnia magna is put into circulation chamber 5 min, replenish the dilution water of 250 mL (containing 0.5 ‰ DMSO) and replenish the dilution water that 250 mL contain PFOA to the reference circulation chamber respectively again, begin to test timing in the time of the power-on adapter switch to the experiment circulation chamber.
(D) since 0 moment, the instantaneous induction current (Fig. 2-14) of every interval 5 min record reference and experiment circulation chamber, 30 min write down constantly and stop to test.
(E) carry out before next concentration or compound expose experiment, with artificial dilution water with circulation chamber and fluid reservoir wall clean after, repeat above-mentioned experimental implementation.
Test result:
As shown in figure 15, low concentration PFOA expose time-the induction current experiment shows: 40 mg L
-1Concentration group induction current amplitude of variation with do not have difference (0.04mA) with reference to comparing, illustrate that Daphnia magna exercise intensity under this concentration is not because of the inhibition (or stimulation) of xenobiontics; 80 mg L
-1The concentration group is compared at 5min with reference and is occurred being significantly less than faradic flex point of 0 moment first, this means the damage that PFOA has produced motion function under this concentration to biological subject.
160 mg L
-1Under the concentration, 5,10 and 15min induction current numerical value (1.005,1.004 and 1.002 mA) all be lower than for 0 moment (1.005 mA), strength of current with reference to output then constantly rises (0min 1.288mA-30min 1.324mA) in the section at this moment, and occurs the tendency that back one time dot system response signal intensity reduces once more at 25-30min; 320mg L
-1The concentration group constantly all shows faradic decline (0min 1.057mA-30min 1.040mA) in 30min each in experimental period, and shows as the version of common enhancing in time (0min 1.382 mA-30min 1.422mA) with reference to the signal response of circulation chamber.
The faradic Changing Pattern that presents shows under the high exposure concentrations of PFOA, and Daphnia magna moves about and is subjected to the influence of target compound poisonous effect, so influence circulation chamber internal electric field intensity distribution and can by electric signal directly observation draw.320mg L
-1That occur under the concentration and significant difference reference group output indicate that this concentration exposes down Daphnia magna intensity of performance and weakens and present irreversible trend, and promptly Daphnia magna physiological function and mode of motion have been subjected to serious inhibiting effect.Although this inhibiting effect mechanism is also indeterminate, utilize the sensitive indicator of induction current as the online biological monitoring of Daphnia magna system, non-lethal toxicity effect in a short time can realize.
The Daphnia magna acute toxic test of PFOS and PFOA has been appended in this experiment, and method of testing is according to " the water quality material is to flea class (Daphnia magna) determination of acute toxicity method " (GB/T 13266291) method, and it is as follows to obtain a result:
Table 3 PFOA and PFOS are to the Daphnia magna acute toxicity
| The compound title | 24h-LC50mg?L -1 | 95% concentration fiducial interval mg L -1 | 48h-LC50mg?L -1 | 95% concentration fiducial interval mg L -1 |
| Perfluoro caprylic acid (PFOA) | 227.93 | 194.69-266.84 | 114.27 | 97.55-133.85 |
| Perfluorooctane sulfonates (PFOS) | 91.70 | 77.45-108.57 | 33.76 | 30.88-36.91 |
In conjunction with this experimental result, 80 mg L
-1Can in 30s, find the sensor current signal variation abnormality under the concentration, and the MLC (median lethal concertration) of this concentration and 48h observation is approaching, illustrates that this system compares traditional acute toxicity test and saves time more, fast the early warning variation of water.
Indoor pilot scale:
The device that adopts: as Fig. 7
Experimental procedure:
(A) the mobile high concentration storing solution 800 mg L that expose the preceding preparation of experiment PFOS
-1, use to be no more than 0.5 ‰ DMSO hydrotropy.
(B) respectively to the artificial dilute aqueous solution of reference and the indoor adding 250mL of experiment circulation, then in circulation chamber, respectively put into 10 Daphnia magnas and become flea.
(C) after Daphnia magna is put into circulation chamber 5 min, replenish the dilution water of 250 mL (containing 0.5 ‰ DMSO) and replenish the dilution water that 250 mL contain PFOS to the reference circulation chamber respectively again, begin to test timing in the time of the power-on adapter switch to the experiment circulation chamber.
(D) since 0 moment, the instantaneous induction current (Figure 10) of every interval 5 min record reference and experiment circulation chamber, 30 min write down constantly and stop to test.
(E) carry out before next concentration or compound expose experiment, with artificial dilution water with circulation chamber and fluid reservoir wall clean after, repeat above-mentioned experimental implementation.
Test result:
Low concentration PFOS exposes (20,40 mg L
-1) experiment and with reference to the circulation chamber induction current with the trend basically identical (Figure 16) that exposure duration changes, promptly prolong induction current intensity in time and rise.20mg L
-1With electric current amplitude of variation in the reference circulation chamber all in 0.080mA, promptly Daphnia magna manifests the behavior of moving about normally; 40 mg L
-1The group induction current change equally with reference to the same ascendant trend that shows of circulation chamber, but the amplitude that induction current changes in the 30min exposure cycles is then than with reference to little (experiment channel and be respectively 0.040mA and 0.080mA with reference to passage induction current amplitude of variation), other systematic parameter keeps constant in the experimentation, therefore infers that difference is from 40 mg L
-1Weakening of the Daphnia magna intensity of performance that PFOS causes.Weakening of this intensity of performance will weaken the Daphnia magna motion to the field influence of circulation indoor electric, show as the induction current amplitude of variation and reduce.
80 and 160 mg L
-1The online biological monitoring of high concentration group PFOS system exposes experiment and shows, experimental group induction current amplitude of variation (correspondence be respectively 0.040 and 0.030mA) is all less than with reference to (correspondence be respectively 0.060 and 0.120mA), but overall variation still presents ascendant trend.Compare with low concentration group, high concentration group Daphnia magna intensity of performance significantly weakens.160 mg L
-1 PFOS concentration group 0 equates that with 5min two moment induced electricity flow valuve indication high concentration PFOS exposes the inhibiting effect that has shown in the initial stage (5min) the Daphnia magna intensity of performance.
This result shows 40 mg L
-1PFOS can find the sensor current signal variation abnormality in 30s, compare with table 3, similar with PFOA result, this concentration is also approaching with the MLC (median lethal concertration) of 48h observation, and illustrating once more that this system compares traditional acute toxicity test can quicker early warning variation of water.
Claims (4)
1. online biological monitoring device of waste water, it is characterized in that comprising two groups of channel units, each unit comprises ebullator (3), fluid reservoir (2), circulation chamber (1), induction electrode (4) and multimeter (5), ebullator is placed on the side bottom of fluid reservoir away from circulation chamber, join by plastic tube and circulation chamber, the circulation chamber sidewall links to each other with fluid reservoir side equal-height position, realize omnidistance mobile exposure, the inboard copper electrode of placing two pairs of band nuts of circulation chamber, wherein a pair ofly link to each other as electric signal input end with the stabilized voltage supply adapter, another is connected to form electrical signal to electrode by lead and multimeter.
2. the online biological monitoring device of waste water according to claim 1 is characterized in that two groups of channel units are used for for one group being used for effluent monitoring with reference to another group, and there is identical dynamic conditions in both, comprise water velocity and volume.
3. the online biological monitoring method of waste water the steps include:
(A) cultivation of biological subject;
(B) preparation of standard dilution water;
(C) add artificial dilute aqueous solution in the reference circulation chamber, the required waste water of the experiment indoor adding of circulation is then respectively put into biological subject in circulation chamber;
(D) after biological subject is put into circulation chamber, begin to test timing in the time of the power-on adapter switch;
(E) since 0 moment, the instantaneous induction current of every interval 5 min record reference and experiment circulation chamber, 30 min write down constantly and stop to test;
(F) repeat for two to three times, the analytic record result judges whether there were significant differences between reference and experimental group.
4. the online biological monitoring method of waste water according to claim 3 is characterized in that biological subject is the strict Daphnia magna of cultivating with reference to the national standard method of " the water quality material is to flea class (Daphnia magna) determination of acute toxicity method ".
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| CN105486816A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-04-13 | 湖南省植物保护研究所 | Method for determining toxicity of pesticide suspending agent by adopting daphnia magna |
| CN106915870A (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2017-07-04 | 江苏德立环保工程股份有限公司 | A kind of rural sewage treatment effluent quality organism early warning system |
| CN107376488A (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2017-11-24 | 江苏省环境监测中心 | Suitable for the filtration in-situ system of the water sample containing heavy metal |
| CN111751503A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2020-10-09 | 南宁师范大学 | Red tide toxin food chain accumulation and transmission simulation method |
| CN112129908A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2020-12-25 | 长江大学 | Device and method for analyzing toxicity of high-salinity wastewater by utilizing daphnia magna phototaxis |
| CN113219023A (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2021-08-06 | 大唐秦岭发电有限公司 | Method and system for monitoring failure of online dissolved oxygen meter sensor |
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| CN112129908A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2020-12-25 | 长江大学 | Device and method for analyzing toxicity of high-salinity wastewater by utilizing daphnia magna phototaxis |
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