CN105182632A - 像素电极及液晶显示面板 - Google Patents

像素电极及液晶显示面板 Download PDF

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CN105182632A
CN105182632A CN201510484328.XA CN201510484328A CN105182632A CN 105182632 A CN105182632 A CN 105182632A CN 201510484328 A CN201510484328 A CN 201510484328A CN 105182632 A CN105182632 A CN 105182632A
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pixel electrode
electrode branch
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peripheral frame
liquid crystal
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CN105182632B (zh
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钟新辉
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TCL China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Shenzhen China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供一种像素电极及液晶显示面板。该像素电极不含“十字形”龙骨,包括:外围边框(40)、于所述外围边框(40)内部连接该外围边框(40)的数个第一像素电极分支(41)、数个第二像素电极分支(42)、数个第三像素电极分支(43)、及数个第四像素电极分支(44);且所述数个第一、第二、第三、与第四条状像素电极分支(41、42、43、44)形成非对称结构,使得位于像素电极中间部分的大多数液晶分子按照像素电极分支及像素电极分支之间的间隔方向进行排列,能够解决现有技术中由像素电极的“十字形”龙骨部分导致的液晶显示面板穿透率降低的问题,提高液晶显示面板的穿透率。

Description

像素电极及液晶显示面板
技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域,尤其涉及一种像素电极及液晶显示面板。
背景技术
主动式薄膜晶体管液晶显示器(ThinFilmTransistor-LCD,TFT-LCD)近年来得到了飞速的发展和广泛的应用。就目前主流市场上的TFT-LCD显示面板而言,可分为三种类型,分别是扭曲向列(TwistedNematic,TN)或超扭曲向列(SuperTwistedNematic,STN)型,平面转换(In-PlaneSwitching,IPS)型、及垂直配向(VerticalAlignment,VA)型。其中VA型液晶显示器相对其他种类的液晶显示器具有极高的对比度,一般可达到4000-8000,在大尺寸显示,如电视等方面具有非常广的应用。
VA型液晶显示面板之所以具有极高的对比度是因为在不加电的暗态时,液晶分子垂直于基板表面排列,不产生任何相位差,漏光极低,暗态亮度很小,根据对比度计算公式暗态亮度越低,则对比度越高。为了使VA型液晶显示面板中的液晶分子能够垂直于基板表面排列,需要对液晶分子进行垂直配向处理,现行最为普遍的做法是在上、下基板表面的特定区域涂布垂直配向剂,垂直配向剂一般包含大量的化学溶剂NMP(N-甲基吡咯烷酮)以及高分子材料聚酰亚胺(Polyimide,PI)等成分,然后将基板在高温(一般200摄氏度以上)下进行长时间烘烤,使配向剂中的溶剂被烤干,从而在基板表面形成PI配向层。如图1所示,传统的VA型液晶显示面板包括:上基板10、与上基板10相对设置的下基板20、夹于上基板10和下基板20之间的液晶层50,形成于上基板10面向下基板20一侧表面及下基板20面向上基板10一侧表面的PI配向层30。由于VA型液晶显示面板采用垂直转动的液晶,液晶分子双折射率的差异比较大,导致大视角下的色偏(colorshift)问题比较严重。
为了使VA型液晶显示面板获得更好的广视角特性,改善色偏问题,通常会采取多畴VA技术(multi-domainVA,MVA),即将一个子像素划分成多个区域,并使每个区域中的液晶在施加电压后倒伏向不同的方向,从而使各个方向看到的效果趋于平均,一致。实现MVA技术的方法有多种,请参阅图2、图3、及图4,其中一种方法是将一侧的ITO像素电极70处理成“米字型”图案,公共电极80为厚度均匀、连续不间断的平面电极,由于特殊的ITO像素电极图案,其产生的倾斜电场可以诱导不同区域中的液晶分子50倒向不同的方向。
图2所示为一种MVA型液晶显示面板的下基板20一侧的平面俯视示意图,其中210与220分别为扫描线与数据线,一个子像素被像素电极70划分成了四个区域。所述ITO像素电极70包括“十字形”龙骨701、及相对于水平方向自该“十字形”龙骨701分别向45°、135°、-45°、及-135°方向延伸的像素电极分支702与狭缝间隔的图案。图3所示为该MVA型液晶显示面板在对应图2中A-A处的剖面示意图,其中具有狭缝的像素电极70设于平坦的下钝化层60上,平面型的公共电极80设于平坦的上钝化层90上,PI配向层30覆盖于像素电极70及公共电极80上。
根据VA型液晶显示面板的穿透率公式:
T = 1 2 sin 2 2 ΔΦsin 2 Γ 2 - - - ( 1 )
其中T为穿透率,ΔΦ为液晶长轴与偏光片夹角,45°时效率最大;Γ为相位差,即由液晶分子在电场驱动下偏转对偏振光的调制效果。
Γ的计算公式为:
Γ=cos(a)*2π*Δn*d/λ(2)
其中,a为液晶分子长轴与基板法线的夹角,其大小受液晶分子受到的电场大小决定,d为液晶盒盒厚,Δn为液晶长、短轴折射率差。
由以上穿透率公式可知,由于在子像素的四个区域内,ITO像素电极70具有分别向相对于水平方向倾斜45°、135°、-45°、及-135°方向延伸的像素电极分支702与狭缝间隔的图案(上、下偏光片方向分别为0°、90°),液晶分子长轴将分别向相对于水平方向倾斜45°、135°、-45°、及-135°方向倒伏,穿透率公式中sin22ΔΦ=1,能够实现穿透率的最大化。
但是如图2所示的像素电极40的“十字形”龙骨701所对应区域上的液晶分子50往往不能像像素电极分支702与狭缝间隔的图案所对应区域上的液晶分子那样向相对于水平方向倾斜45°、135°、-45°、及-135°四个方向倒伏,而是如图5所示,位于“十字形”龙骨701对应区域上的液晶分子50向相对于水平方向倾斜0°、或90°方向倒伏,使得穿透率公式中sin22ΔΦ=0,显示为不透光态,造成液晶显示面板的整体穿透率相对理想情况(液晶分子完全按照斜45°角方向排列)下降约10%。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种像素电极,能够解决现有技术中由像素电极的“十字形”龙骨部分导致的液晶显示面板穿透率降低的问题,提高液晶显示面板的穿透率,降低液晶显示面板对背光亮度的需求,降低使用功耗。
本发明的目的还在于提供一种液晶显示面板,其穿透率较高,对背光亮度的需求较低,使用功耗较低。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供了一种像素电极,包括:外围边框、于所述外围边框内部连接该外围边框的数个相互平行且相互间隔的第一像素电极分支、数个相互平行且相互间隔的第二像素电极分支、数个相互平行且相互间隔的第三像素电极分支、及数个相互平行且相互间隔的第四像素电极分支;
所述数个第一与第二像素电极分支相对于外围边框的竖直中心线不对称,且沿竖直方向上下交错排列,所述数个第三与第四像素电极分支相对于外围边框的竖直中心线不对称,且沿竖直方向上下交错排列,所述数个第一与第四像素电极分支相对于外围边框的水平中心线不对称,所述数个第二与第三像素电极分支相对于外围边框)的水平中心线不对称。
所述第一像素电极分支、第二像素电极分支、第三像素电极分支、第四像素电极分支中的任一像素电极分支相对远离外围边框的端部与其它像素电极分支的端部不相连。
所述第一像素电极分支、第二像素电极分支、第三像素电极分支、与第四像素电极分支均呈条状。
所述第一像素电极分支、第二像素电极分支、第三像素电极分支、与第四像素电极分支分别相对于水平方向倾斜45°、135°、-135°、与-45°。
所述外围边框呈矩形。
所述外围边框由沿竖直方向设置的第一竖边与第二竖边、及沿水平方向设置的第一横边与第二横边闭合围拢构成;
部分第一像素电极分支连接所述第一竖边,剩余的第一像素电极分支连接所述第一横边;部分第二像素电极分支连接所述第二竖边,剩余的第二像素电极分支连接所述第一横边;部分第三像素电极分支连接所述第二竖边,剩余的第三像素电极分支连接所述第二横边;部分第四像素电极分支连接所述第一竖边,剩余的第四像素电极分支连接所述第二横边。
所述像素电极的材料为ITO。
本发明还提供了一种液晶显示面板,包括:上基板、与所述上基板相对设置的下基板、设置于所述上基板面向所述下基板一侧的公共电极、设于所述下基板面向所述上基板一侧的像素电极、及夹设于所述公共电极与像素电极之间的液晶层;
所述下基板具有沿水平方向延伸的栅极线、沿竖直方向延伸的数据线、及TFT,所述TFT的栅极连接栅极线、源极连接数据线、漏极连接所述像素电极;
所述像素电极本发明提供的像素电极。
本发明的有益效果:本发明提供的一种像素电极及液晶显示面板,像素电极不含“十字形”龙骨,通过外围边框连接多个像素电极分支,且多个像素电极分支形成非对称结构,使得位于像素电极中间部分的大多数液晶分子按照像素电极分支及像素电极分支之间的间隔方向进行排列,能够解决现有技术中由位于像素电极的“十字形”龙骨部分的液晶分子倒伏方向不当造成的液晶显示面板穿透率降低的问题,提高液晶显示面板的穿透率,降低液晶显示面板对背光亮度的需求,降低使用功耗。
为了能更进一步了解本发明的特征以及技术内容,请参阅以下有关本发明的详细说明与附图,然而附图仅提供参考与说明用,并非用来对本发明加以限制。
附图说明
下面结合附图,通过对本发明的具体实施方式详细描述,将使本发明的技术方案及其它有益效果显而易见。
附图中,
图1为一种现有的VA型液晶显示面板的剖面示意图;
图2为一种现有的MVA型液晶显示面板的下基板一侧的平面俯视示意图;
图3为一种现有的MVA型液晶显示面板在对应图2中A-A处的剖面示意图;
图4为图3所示MVA型液晶显示面板中的公共电极的平面图;
图5为图3所示的MVA型液晶显示面板中的液晶分子倒向模拟示意图;
图6为本发明的像素电极的平面示意图;
图7为本发明的液晶显示面板的剖面结构示意图;
图8为本发明的液晶显示面板的下基板一侧的平面俯视示意图;
图9为本发明的液晶显示面板中的液晶分子倒向模拟示意图。
具体实施方式
为更进一步阐述本发明所采取的技术手段及其效果,以下结合本发明的优选实施例及其附图进行详细描述。
请参阅图6,本发明首先提供一种像素电极。该像素电极与现有技术中的像素电极相比,不含“十字形”龙骨结构,而是采用非对称结构,包括:外围边框40、于所述外围边框40内部连接该外围边框40的数个相互平行且相互间隔的第一像素电极分支41、数个相互平行且相互间隔的第二像素电极分支42、数个相互平行且相互间隔的第三像素电极分支43、及数个相互平行且相互间隔的第四像素电极分支44。
所述数个第一与第二像素电极分支41与42相对于外围边框40的竖直中心线不对称,且沿竖直方向上下交错排列,所述数个第三与第四像素电极分支43与44相对于外围边框40的竖直中心线不对称,且沿竖直方向上下交错排列;所述数个第一与第四像素电极分支41与44相对于外围边框40的水平中心线不对称,所述数个第二与第三条状像素电极分支42与43相对于外围边框40的水平中心线不对称。
具体地,所述第一像素电极分支41、第二像素电极分支42、第三像素电极分支43、与第四像素电极分支44均呈条状,且第一像素电极分支41、第二像素电极分支42、第三像素电极分支43、与第四像素电极分支44所述数个第一、第二、第三、与第四条状像素电极分支41、42、43、44分别相对于水平方向倾斜45°、135°、-135°、与-45°。
所述第一像素电极分支41、第二像素电极分支42、第三像素电极分支43、第四像素电极分支44中的任一像素电极分支相对远离外围边框40的端部与其它像素电极分支的端部不相连。
进一步地,所述外围边框40呈矩形,其由沿竖直方向设置的第一竖边401与第二竖边403、及沿水平方向设置的第一横边402与第二横边404闭合围拢构成。
在所述边框40内,所述数个第一像素电极分支41占据右上部,所述数个第二像素电极分支42占据左上部,所述数个第三像素电极分支43占据左下部,所述数个第四像素电极分支44占据右下部。部分第一像素电极分支41连接所述第一竖边401,剩余的第一像素电极分支41连接所述第一横边402;部分第二像素电极分支42连接所述第二竖边403,剩余的第二像素电极分支42连接所述第一横边402;部分第三像素电极分支43连接所述第二竖边403,剩余的第三像素电极分支43连接所述第二横边404;部分第四像素电极分支44连接所述第一竖边401,剩余的第四像素电极分支44连接所述第二横边404。
所述像素电极的材料为氧化铟锡(IndiumTinOxide,ITO)。
将本发明的像素电极应用于液晶显示面板时,所述数个第一、第二、第三、与第四条状像素电极分支41、42、43、44分别对应于一个子像素的四个区域。对液晶显示面板施加电压时,由于本发明的像素电极不含“十字形”龙骨,而是通过外围边框连40接多个像素电极分支,且多个像素电极分支形成非对称结构,使得位于像素电极中间部分的大多数液晶分子按照像素电极分支及像素电极分支之间的间隔方向进行排列,即按照相对于水平方向倾斜45°、135°、-135°、与-45°的角度排列,穿透率公式中的sin22ΔΦ=1,从而使得液晶效率最大化,穿透率提高,解决了现有技术中由位于像素电极的“十字形”龙骨部分的液晶分子向0°或90°方向倒伏造成的液晶显示面板穿透率降低的问题。
基于同一个发明构思,本发明还提供一种液晶显示面板。请参阅图7,本发明的液晶显示面板包括:上基板1、与所述上基板1相对设置的下基板2、设置于所述上基板1面向所述下基板2一侧的公共电极3、设于所述下基板2面向所述上基板1一侧的像素电极4、及夹设于所述公共电极3与像素电极4之间的液晶层5。图7还示意出了覆盖所述公共电极3与像素电极4的配向层6,以对液晶层5进行配向,当然,也可以不设置配向层6,而是采用聚合物稳定垂直配向(polymer-stabilizedverticalalignment,PSVA)的方式对液晶层5进行配向。
请参阅图8,所述下基板2具有沿水平方向延伸的栅极线21、沿竖直方向延伸的数据线22、及TFT,所述TFT的栅极连接栅极线21、源极连接数据线22、漏极经由一过孔连接所述像素电极4。
所述像素电极4与现有技术中的像素电极相比,不含“十字形”龙骨结构,而是采用非对称结构,包括:外围边框40、于所述外围边框40内部连接该外围边框40的数个相互平行且相互间隔的第一像素电极分支41、数个相互平行且相互间隔的第二像素电极分支42、数个相互平行且相互间隔的第三像素电极分支43、及数个相互平行且相互间隔的第四像素电极分支44。
所述数个第一与第二像素电极分支41与42相对于外围边框40的竖直中心线不对称,且沿竖直方向上下交错排列,所述数个第三与第四像素电极分支43与44相对于外围边框40的竖直中心线不对称,且沿竖直方向上下交错排列;所述数个第一与第四像素电极分支41与44相对于外围边框40的水平中心线不对称,所述数个第二与第三条状像素电极分支42与43相对于外围边框40的水平中心线不对称。
具体地,所述第一像素电极分支41、第二像素电极分支42、第三像素电极分支43、与第四像素电极分支44均呈条状,且第一像素电极分支41、第二像素电极分支42、第三像素电极分支43、与第四像素电极分支44所述数个第一、第二、第三、与第四条状像素电极分支41、42、43、44分别相对于水平方向倾斜45°、135°、-135°、与-45°。
所述第一像素电极分支41、第二像素电极分支42、第三像素电极分支43、第四像素电极分支44中的任一像素电极分支相对远离外围边框40的端部与其它像素电极分支的端部不相连。
进一步地,所述外围边框40呈矩形,其由沿竖直方向设置的第一竖边401与第二竖边403、及沿水平方向设置的第一横边402与第二横边404闭合围拢构成。
在所述边框40内,所述数个第一像素电极分支41占据右上部,所述数个第二像素电极分支42占据左上部,所述数个第三像素电极分支43占据左下部,所述数个第四像素电极分支44占据右下部。部分第一像素电极分支41连接所述第一竖边401,剩余的第一像素电极分支41连接所述第一横边402;部分第二像素电极分支42连接所述第二竖边403,剩余的第二像素电极分支42连接所述第一横边402;部分第三像素电极分支43连接所述第二竖边403,剩余的第三像素电极分支43连接所述第二横边404;部分第四像素电极分支44连接所述第一竖边401,剩余的第四像素电极分支44连接所述第二横边404。
所述像素电极4的材料ITO。
值得一提的是,所述栅极线21、数据线22与所述像素电极4的矩形外围边框40至少部分重叠,以充分利用有效显示区域的面积。
本发明的液晶显示面板中,像素电极4的数个第一、第二、第三、与第四条状像素电极分支41、42、43、44分别对应于一个子像素的四个区域。对该液晶显示面板施加电压时,由于像素电极4不含“十字形”龙骨,而是通过外围边框40连接多个像素电极分支,且多个像素电极分支错位排列形成非对称结构,使得位于像素电极4中间部分的大多数液晶分子按照像素电极分支及像素电极分支之间的间隔方向进行排列,即按照相对于水平方向倾斜45°、135°、-135°、与-45°的角度排列,穿透率公式中的sin22ΔΦ=1,从而使得液晶显示面板的穿透率较高,对背光亮度的需求较低,使用功耗较低。图9所示为本发明的液晶显示面板中的液晶分子倒向模拟示意图,根据估算结果,由于采用了所述像素电极4,本发明的液晶显示面板较现有技术中采用含“十”字形龙骨像素电极的液晶显示面板,穿透率提高约4%。
综上所述,本发明的像素电极及液晶显示面板,像素电极不含“十字形”龙骨,通过外围边框连接多个像素电极分支,且多个像素电极分支形成非对称结构,使得位于像素电极中间部分的大多数液晶分子按照像素电极分支及像素电极分支之间的间隔方向进行排列,能够解决现有技术中由位于像素电极的“十字形”龙骨部分的液晶分子倒伏方向不当造成的液晶显示面板穿透率降低的问题,提高液晶显示面板的穿透率,降低液晶显示面板对背光亮度的需求,降低使用功耗。
以上所述,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,可以根据本发明的技术方案和技术构思作出其他各种相应的改变和变形,而所有这些改变和变形都应属于本发明权利要求的保护范围。

Claims (8)

1.一种像素电极,其特征在于,包括:外围边框(40)、于所述外围边框(40)内部连接该外围边框(40)的数个相互平行且相互间隔的第一像素电极分支(41)、数个相互平行且相互间隔的第二像素电极分支(42)、数个相互平行且相互间隔的第三像素电极分支(43)、及数个相互平行且相互间隔的第四像素电极分支(44);
所述数个第一与第二像素电极分支(41、42)相对于外围边框(40)的竖直中心线不对称,且沿竖直方向上下交错排列,所述数个第三与第四像素电极分支(43、44)相对于外围边框(40)的竖直中心线不对称,且沿竖直方向上下交错排列,所述数个第一与第四像素电极分支(41、44)相对于外围边框(40)的水平中心线不对称,所述数个第二与第三像素电极分支(42、43)相对于外围边框(40)的水平中心线不对称。
2.如权利要求1所述的像素电极,其特征在于,所述第一像素电极分支(41)、第二像素电极分支(42)、第三像素电极分支(43)、第四像素电极分支(44)中的任一像素电极分支相对远离外围边框(40)的端部与其它像素电极分支的端部不相连。
3.如权利要求1所述的像素电极,其特征在于,所述第一像素电极分支(41)、第二像素电极分支(42)、第三像素电极分支(43)、与第四像素电极分支(44)均呈条状。
4.如权利要求3所述的像素电极,其特征在于,所述第一像素电极分支(41)、第二像素电极分支(42)、第三像素电极分支(43)、与第四像素电极分支(44)分别相对于水平方向倾斜45°、135°、-135°、与-45°。
5.如权利要求1所述的像素电极,其特征在于,所述外围边框(40)呈矩形。
6.如权利要求5所述的像素电极,其特征在于,所述外围边框(40)由沿竖直方向设置的第一竖边(401)与第二竖边(403)、及沿水平方向设置的第一横边(402)与第二横边(404)闭合围拢构成;
部分第一像素电极分支(41)连接所述第一竖边(401),剩余的第一像素电极分支(41)连接所述第一横边(402);部分第二像素电极分支(42)连接所述第二竖边(403),剩余的第二像素电极分支(42)连接所述第一横边(402);部分第三像素电极分支(43)连接所述第二竖边(403),剩余的第三像素电极分支(43)连接所述第二横边(404);部分第四像素电极分支(44)连接所述第一竖边(401),剩余的第四像素电极分支(44)连接所述第二横边(404)。
7.如权利要求1所述的像素电极,其特征在于,所述像素电极的材料为ITO。
8.一种液晶显示面板,其特征在于,包括:上基板(1)、与所述上基板(1)相对设置的下基板(2)、设置于所述上基板(1)面向所述下基板(2)一侧的公共电极(3)、设于所述下基板(2)面向所述上基板(1)一侧的像素电极(4)、及夹设于所述公共电极(3)与像素电极(4)之间的液晶层(5);
所述下基板(2)具有沿水平方向延伸的栅极线(21)、沿竖直方向延伸的数据线(22)、及TFT,所述TFT的栅极连接栅极线(21)、源极连接数据线(22)、漏极连接所述像素电极(4);
所述像素电极(4)为如权利要求1-7中任一项所述描述的像素电极。
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