CN105177677A - Preparation method for convex-hull-shaped abrasion-resistant nickel-plated coating reinforced through hard particles - Google Patents
Preparation method for convex-hull-shaped abrasion-resistant nickel-plated coating reinforced through hard particles Download PDFInfo
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- CN105177677A CN105177677A CN201510504618.6A CN201510504618A CN105177677A CN 105177677 A CN105177677 A CN 105177677A CN 201510504618 A CN201510504618 A CN 201510504618A CN 105177677 A CN105177677 A CN 105177677A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method for a convex-hull-shaped abrasion-resistant nickel-plated coating reinforced through hard particles. The preparation method comprises the following steps that substrate materials to be deposited are prepared, electroplate liquid of the hard particles is prepared, electro-deposition and thermal treatment are conducted, and the nickel composite coating which is of a convex-hull-shaped structure and contains the hard particles is prepared under the condition of chemical electroplating. According to the preparation method for the convex-hull-shaped abrasion-resistant nickel-plated coating reinforced through the hard particles, the technique of composite electroplating is adopted, a convex-hull-shaped structured surface is obtained by controlling pulse electroplating conditions, and the surface of the coating is fine and uniform; due to the fact that the hard particles have the function of dispersion strengthening, and the surface appearance of the composite coating is in a convex-hull shape, so that compared with a traditional nickel-plated coating, the composite coating is better in abrasion resistance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electroplating technology field, particularly relate to the preparation method of the wear-resisting nickel layer of convex closure shape of a kind of hard particles strengthening.
Background technology
Frictional wear is a kind of base type that component lost efficacy, and not only can cause the waste of the energy and the consumption of material, also can reduce production efficiency and the problems such as component and equipment scrapping, and then cause huge financial loss.The frictional wear of material condition of surface that is main and material is closely related, in order to the use properties improving this kind of material just must improve the performance on its surface.
Composite plating is, with electro-plating method, solid particulate and metal co-deposition are obtained the composite deposite of Dispersed precipitate grain pattern in matrix metal on matrix, and it is the process for treating surface grown up from tradition plating basis.Normally used doping particle is mainly hard particles as oxide compound, carbide, nitride particles, by the codeposition of solid particulate and metal, prepares and has higher hardness, the functional coating that wear resistance and solidity to corrosion are all good.
Electronickelling has high hardness and good chemical stability, is widely used in component of machine as axle sleeve, bearing, grinding tool coating etc.In recent years due to the fast development of tribology, the biomimetic material being formed specific surface structure by surface-texturing can effectively improve material surface hardness and wear resisting property.By setting pulse electroplating technical conditions in the present invention, can obtain and there is the textured nickel layer of convex closure shape, thus obtain high hardness and wear resistance.And the surface hardness accordingly needed for some components of machine is more high better within the specific limits, by adding hard particles in metal plating, such as SiC, Si3N4, Al2O3 etc. have the doping particle of the characteristic such as high rigidity, wear-and corrosion-resistant, overlay coating hardness can be increased further, thus improve its wear resistance, but hard particles in prior art, is not utilized to have the relevant report of convex closure shape structure nickel layer as the preparation of doping particle.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention mainly solves is to provide the preparation method of the wear-resisting nickel layer of convex closure shape of a kind of hard particles strengthening, prepare the convex closure shape structural metal nickel wear resistant composite plating containing hard particles, there is higher hardness and better wear resistance, thus provide technical support for some special mechanical workpieces.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is: the preparation method of the wear-resisting nickel layer of convex closure shape providing a kind of hard particles to strengthen, comprises the following steps:
The preparation of A, base material to be deposited: choose base material to be deposited, and surface preparation is carried out to it, ensure smooth finish and the degree of cleaning of base material;
The electroplate liquid of B, configuration hard particles: choose hard particles, first hard particles is placed in distilled water, with ultrasonic wave dispersion 1 ~ 2 hour, then the distilled water containing hard particles is joined in prefabricated electroplate liquid, by magnetic stirrer more than 6 hours, obtain the electroplate liquid containing homodisperse hard particles, in described electroplate liquid, comprise each component of following content:
Ni(SO
3NH
2)
2·4H
2O300～400g/L
Hard particles 5 ~ 50g/L
NiCl
2·6H
2O15~60g/L
H
3BO
330~50g/L
C
12H
25SO
4Na0.1g/L
Cetyl trimethylammonium bromide 0.1 ~ 0.5g/L;
C, galvanic deposit: electroplate liquid base material being placed in configuration carries out galvanic deposit, the metallic nickel composite deposite of the convex closure shape structure of preparation containing hard particles under chemical plating condition, described galvanic deposit adopts the mode of pulse square wave galvanic deposit, and the parameter of described pulse square wave galvanic deposit is: forward current density is 20 ~ 30A/dm
2, reverse current density is 0 ~ 5A/dm
2, pulse-repetition is 100 ~ 500Hz, and dutycycle is 20 ~ 50%, regulates each parameter to obtain the metallic nickel composite deposite of convex closure shape structure;
D, thermal treatment: to the thermal treatment 0.5 ~ 2.0 hour at the temperature of 150 ~ 300 DEG C of the metallic nickel composite deposite of the convex closure shape structure containing hard particles.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the surface preparation of described base material comprises the following steps:
A, sand papering: polish with 300,600,1200,2000, No. 4000 surfaces of abrasive paper for metallograph to base material successively, until surface-brightening and without obvious cut, surfaceness is between 0.5 ~ 2.0 micron;
B, acetone clean: with more than acetone ultrasonic cleaning 15min;
C, alkali cleaning: base material cleans in alkaline wash, alkaline wash composition is NaOH10 ~ 30g/L, Na2CO320 ~ 80g/L, Na3PO420 ~ 80g/L, temperature 70 ~ 90 DEG C, more than scavenging period 10min;
D, acid-wash activation: pickle solution composition H2SO410 ~ 30g/L, to base material cleaning 1min under room temperature, then dry.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described base material is 45# steel, 42CrMo or Cu.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described hard particles is one or several the mixture in SiC, Al2O3 and Si3N4.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the granularity of described hard particles is 2 ~ 50 μm.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, described chemical plating condition is: electroplating temperature 30 ~ 60 DEG C, adopts magnetic stirring apparatus constantly to stir electroplate liquid in electroplating process, the hard particles in dispersion electroplate liquid.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the preparation method of the wear-resisting nickel layer of convex closure shape of a kind of hard particles strengthening that the present invention points out, adopt the technology of composite plating, by setting pulse plating conditions, obtain the textured surface with convex closure shape, and coating surface is evenly fine and closely woven, because hard particles has dispersion-strengthened action, and the surface topography of this composite deposite convex closure shape, compared to traditional nickel layer, this composite deposite has more excellent wear resisting property.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, below the accompanying drawing used required in describing embodiment is briefly described, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the current density schematic diagram of the pulse of preparation method's embodiment 1 of the wear-resisting nickel layer of convex closure shape of a kind of hard particles of the present invention strengthening;
Fig. 2 is the current density schematic diagram of the pulse of preparation method's embodiment 2 and 3 of the wear-resisting nickel layer of convex closure shape of a kind of hard particles of the present invention strengthening.
Embodiment
Be clearly and completely described to the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention below, obviously, described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making other embodiments all obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the embodiment of the present invention comprises:
embodiment 1
The present embodiment relates to the preparation method of the wear-resisting nickel layer of convex closure shape of a kind of hard particles strengthening, comprises the steps:
The preparation of A, base material to be deposited: choose 45# steel plate as base material, 45# surface of steel plate is through sand papering polishing, and surfaceness is 0.5 ~ 0.6 micron, alkali cleaning oil removing ultrasonic through acetone and its surface of acidic activated cleaning;
The electroplate liquid of B, configuration hard particles: choose hard particles SiC, granularity is 20 μm, first SiC is placed in distilled water, 2 hours are disperseed by ultrasonic wave, then the distilled water containing SiC is joined in prefabricated electroplate liquid, by magnetic stirrer 6.5 hours, obtain the electroplate liquid containing homodisperse SiC, in described electroplate liquid, comprise each component of following content:
Ni(SO
3NH
2)
2·4H
2O300g/L；
SiC20g/L
NiCl
2·6H
2O20g/L
H
3BO
330g/L
C
12H
25SO
4Na0.1g/L
Cetyl trimethylammonium bromide 0.1g/L;
C, galvanic deposit: electroplate liquid base material being placed in configuration carries out galvanic deposit, the metallic nickel composite deposite of the convex closure shape structure of preparation containing hard particles under chemical plating condition, magnetic stirring apparatus is adopted constantly to stir plating solution in electroplating process, silicon-carbide particle in dispersion plating solution, electroplating temperature 50 ~ 60 DEG C, the parameter of pulse square wave galvanic deposit is: as shown in Figure 1, and forward current density is 20A/dm
2, reverse current density is 0.5A/dm
2, pulse-repetition is 100Hz, and forward t conduction time is being just 5ms, and reverse conduction time, t was anti-5ms, and dutycycle is 50%, and electroplating time 60min obtains the metallic nickel composite deposite of convex closure shape structure;
D, thermal treatment: to the thermal treatment 0.5 hour at the temperature of 150 ~ 200 DEG C of the metallic nickel composite deposite of the convex closure shape structure containing hard particles.
embodiment 2
The present embodiment relates to the preparation method of the wear-resisting nickel layer of convex closure shape of a kind of hard particles strengthening, comprises the steps:
The preparation of A, base material to be deposited: choose 42CrMo steel plate as base material, 42CrMo surface of steel plate is through sand papering polishing, and surfaceness is 1 ~ 1.2 micron, alkali cleaning oil removing ultrasonic through acetone and its surface of acidic activated cleaning;
The electroplate liquid of B, configuration hard particles: choose hard particles Al
2o
3, granularity is 30 μm, first by Al
2o
3be placed in distilled water, disperse 2 hours by ultrasonic wave, then will containing Al
2o
3distilled water join in prefabricated electroplate liquid, by magnetic stirrer 6.5 hours, obtain containing homodisperse Al
2the electroplate liquid of O3, through dispersion treatment containing the electroplate liquid of hard particles at composite plating, hard particles can be scattered in coating equably.
Each component of following content is comprised in described electroplate liquid:
Ni(SO
3NH
2)
2·4H
2O350g/L；
Al
2O
330g/L
NiCl
2·6H
2O30g/L
H
3BO
340g/L
C
12H
25SO
4Na0.1g/L
Cetyl trimethylammonium bromide 0.3g/L;
C, galvanic deposit: electroplate liquid base material being placed in configuration carries out galvanic deposit, the metallic nickel composite deposite of the convex closure shape structure of preparation containing hard particles under chemical plating condition, magnetic stirring apparatus is adopted constantly to stir plating solution in electroplating process, the Al in dispersion plating solution
2o
3particle, electroplating temperature 45 ~ 50 DEG C, the parameter of pulse square wave galvanic deposit is: as shown in Figure 2, and current density Ip is 30A/dm
2, pulse-repetition is 500Hz, and conduction time, t led to for 0.4ms, and power-off time t breaks as 1.6ms, and namely dutycycle is 20%, and electroplating time 60min obtains the metallic nickel composite deposite of convex closure shape structure;
D, thermal treatment: to the thermal treatment 1 hour at the temperature of 200 ~ 250 DEG C of the metallic nickel composite deposite of the convex closure shape structure containing hard particles.
embodiment 3
The present embodiment relates to the preparation method of the wear-resisting nickel layer of convex closure shape of a kind of hard particles strengthening, comprises the steps:
The preparation of A, base material to be deposited: choose Cu as base material, Cu surface is through sand papering polishing, and surfaceness is 0.8 ~ 1 micron, alkali cleaning oil removing ultrasonic through acetone and its surface of acidic activated cleaning;
The electroplate liquid of B, configuration hard particles: choose hard particles Si3N4, granularity is 50 μm, first Si3N4 is placed in distilled water, 2 hours are disperseed by ultrasonic wave, then the distilled water containing Si3N4 is joined in prefabricated electroplate liquid, by magnetic stirrer 6.5 hours, obtain the electroplate liquid containing homodisperse Si3N4, in described electroplate liquid, comprise each component of following content:
Ni(SO
3NH
2)
2·4H
2O400g/L
Si3N440g/L
NiCl
2·6H
2O60g/L
H
3BO
350g/L
C
12H
25SO
4Na0.1g/L
Cetyl trimethylammonium bromide 0.5g/L;
C, galvanic deposit: electroplate liquid base material being placed in configuration carries out galvanic deposit, the metallic nickel composite deposite of the convex closure shape structure of preparation containing hard particles under chemical plating condition, magnetic stirring apparatus is adopted constantly to stir plating solution in electroplating process, Si3N4 particle in dispersion plating solution, electroplating temperature 30 ~ 35 DEG C, the parameter of pulse square wave galvanic deposit is: current density Ip is 20A/dm
2(combination current adopted is: first stage current density is 30 ~ 40A/dm
2, plating time 40min; B, subordinate phase current density drop to 10 ~ 15A/dm
2, plating time 20min), pulse-repetition is 200Hz, and conduction time, t led to for 0.5ms, and power-off time t breaks as 1.5ms, and namely dutycycle is 30%, and electroplating time 60min obtains the metallic nickel composite deposite of convex closure shape structure;
D, thermal treatment: to the thermal treatment 2 hours at the temperature of 250 ~ 300 DEG C of the metallic nickel composite deposite of the convex closure shape structure containing hard particles.
In sum, the preparation method of the wear-resisting nickel layer of convex closure shape of the hard particles strengthening that the present invention points out, utilize this method to prepare wear-resisting nickel layer, due to adding of hard particles, significantly improve its hardness, make it that there is more excellent wear resisting property, this wear-resisting nickel layer can be widely applicable for the component of machine with special wear-resisting requirement, as: axle sleeve, bearing, various industrial rollers etc., not only increase the work-ing life of component of machine, also reduce use cost.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention; not thereby the scope of the claims of the present invention is limited; every utilize description of the present invention to do equivalent structure or equivalent flow process conversion; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical field, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a preparation method for the wear-resisting nickel layer of convex closure shape of hard particles strengthening, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
The preparation of A, base material to be deposited: choose base material to be deposited, and surface preparation is carried out to it, ensure smooth finish and the degree of cleaning of base material;
The electroplate liquid of B, configuration hard particles: choose hard particles, first hard particles is placed in distilled water, with ultrasonic wave dispersion 1 ~ 2 hour, then the distilled water containing hard particles is joined in prefabricated electroplate liquid, by magnetic stirrer more than 6 hours, obtain the electroplate liquid containing homodisperse hard particles, in described electroplate liquid, comprise each component of following content:
Ni(SO
3NH
2)
2·4H
2O300～400g/L
Hard particles 5 ~ 50g/L
NiCl
2·6H
2O15~60g/L
H
3BO
330~50g/L
C
12H
25SO
4Na0.1g/L
Cetyl trimethylammonium bromide 0.1 ~ 0.5g/L;
C, galvanic deposit: electroplate liquid base material being placed in configuration carries out galvanic deposit, the metallic nickel composite deposite of the convex closure shape structure of preparation containing hard particles under chemical plating condition, described galvanic deposit adopts the mode of pulse square wave galvanic deposit, and the parameter of described pulse square wave galvanic deposit is: forward current density is 20 ~ 30A/dm
2, reverse current density is 0 ~ 5A/dm
2, pulse-repetition is 100 ~ 500Hz, and dutycycle is 20 ~ 50%, regulates each parameter to obtain the metallic nickel composite deposite of convex closure shape structure;
D, thermal treatment: to the thermal treatment 0.5 ~ 2.0 hour at the temperature of 150 ~ 300 DEG C of the metallic nickel composite deposite of the convex closure shape structure containing hard particles.
2. the preparation method of the wear-resisting nickel layer of convex closure shape of hard particles strengthening according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the surface preparation of described base material comprises the following steps:
A, sand papering: polish with 300,600,1200,2000, No. 4000 surfaces of abrasive paper for metallograph to base material successively, until surface-brightening and without obvious cut, surfaceness is between 0.5 ~ 2.0 micron;
B, acetone clean: with more than acetone ultrasonic cleaning 15min;
C, alkali cleaning: base material cleans in alkaline wash, alkaline wash composition is NaOH10 ~ 30g/L, Na2CO320 ~ 80g/L, Na3PO420 ~ 80g/L, temperature 70 ~ 90 DEG C, more than scavenging period 10min;
D, acid-wash activation: pickle solution composition H2SO410 ~ 30g/L, to base material cleaning 1min under room temperature, then dry.
3. the preparation method of the wear-resisting nickel layer of convex closure shape of hard particles strengthening according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described base material is 45# steel, 42CrMo or Cu.
4. the preparation method of the wear-resisting nickel layer of convex closure shape of hard particles strengthening according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described hard particles is one or several the mixture in SiC, Al2O3 and Si3N4.
5. the preparation method of the wear-resisting nickel layer of convex closure shape of hard particles strengthening according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the granularity of described hard particles is 2 ~ 50 μm.
6. the preparation method of the wear-resisting nickel layer of convex closure shape of hard particles strengthening according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described chemical plating condition is: electroplating temperature 30 ~ 60 DEG C, adopts magnetic stirring apparatus constantly to stir electroplate liquid in electroplating process, the hard particles in dispersion electroplate liquid.
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Cited By (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105568325A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-05-11 | 上海交通大学 | Surface alloying control method for improving corrosion resistance of nickel-aluminum bronze |
| CN106591899A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2017-04-26 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Magnesium-lithium alloy super-hydrophobic coating with photoinduced hydrophily-hydrophobicity conversion function and preparation method for magnesium-lithium alloy super-hydrophobic coating |
| CN109878197A (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2019-06-14 | 河南理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of cut metal stencil |
| CN110318080A (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2019-10-11 | 吉林大学 | Form-material cooperates with bionical Anti-erosion function surface structure and preparation method thereof |
| CN110396710A (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2019-11-01 | 温州中牙模具有限公司 | A kind of wear-resisting screw plate and its production technology |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105568325A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-05-11 | 上海交通大学 | Surface alloying control method for improving corrosion resistance of nickel-aluminum bronze |
| CN106591899A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2017-04-26 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Magnesium-lithium alloy super-hydrophobic coating with photoinduced hydrophily-hydrophobicity conversion function and preparation method for magnesium-lithium alloy super-hydrophobic coating |
| CN106591899B (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2018-12-07 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | With photic hydrophilic and the super-hydrophobic coating of hydrophobic conversion function magnesium lithium alloy and preparation method |
| CN109878197A (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2019-06-14 | 河南理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of cut metal stencil |
| CN109878197B (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2020-11-03 | 河南理工大学 | Preparation method of metal printing template |
| CN110318080A (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2019-10-11 | 吉林大学 | Form-material cooperates with bionical Anti-erosion function surface structure and preparation method thereof |
| CN110396710A (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2019-11-01 | 温州中牙模具有限公司 | A kind of wear-resisting screw plate and its production technology |
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