CN103806075A - Surface electroplating process of thin cutting tool - Google Patents
Surface electroplating process of thin cutting tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN103806075A CN103806075A CN201210450956.2A CN201210450956A CN103806075A CN 103806075 A CN103806075 A CN 103806075A CN 201210450956 A CN201210450956 A CN 201210450956A CN 103806075 A CN103806075 A CN 103806075A
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- diamond
- nickel
- coating
- electroplating
- cutting tool
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Abstract
The invention relates to a surface electroplating process of a thin cutting tool. The electroplating liquid is prepared from the following components: 230-270g/L of nickel sulfate, 40-55g/L of nickel chloride, 35-45g/L of boric acid, 10-20g/L of cobaltous sulfate, 1-5g/L of manganese sulfate, 0.5-0.8g/L of saccharin, 0.1-0.5g/L of butynediol, 0.05-0.15g/L of sodium lauryl sulfate and 40-70g/L of diamond particles. The electroplating process comprises the following step: carrying out ultrasonic stirring, wherein the pH value is 3.8-4.2, the current density is 1-4A/dm<2> and the temperature is 45-55 DEG C. According to the process, metal deposit is fine in grain, the diamond is uniformly distributed, and the plating layer has enough hardness, strength and wear resistance by controlling the process conditions of nickel-diamond composite electroplating such as component content of the electroplating liquid, temperature, current density, acidity, and diamond granularity and content, so that the cutting tool is sharp to cut and good in self-sharpening property.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to nickel-base composite coat and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Along with the development of modern industry, mechanical component are worked more under complexity, exacting terms, therefore material surface performance have also been proposed to more and more higher requirement.As the effective surface modification measure of one, surface coating technique arises at the historic moment and is applied widely.Often utilize various superhard, antifriction materials to prepare composite deposite in order to improve the over-all properties of single coating.Composite Coatings is exactly that some special inert particle is joined in plating solution, makes these particulates and metal or alloy codeposition by the method for electrochemistry or electroless plating, thereby forms the composite deposite with property.At present, the second phase particles joining in plating solution mainly contains two classes, and a class is to improve the ultra-hard particles of cladding wearability, as Al
2o
3, SiC, Si
3n
4deng; Another kind of is the antifriction particle that improves coating antifriction performance, as MoS
2, PTFE etc.Mostly conventional Composite Plating is to select micron order, submillimeter level or even millimetre-sized solid particulate, size of particles is larger, suspending power in plating solution is poor, enter that particle content in coating is low, skewness, surface very easily produces defect, to metal plating performance to improve effect not very good.
CN101122044A discloses a kind of nickel-base composite coat and ultrasound wave auxiliary preparation method thereof thereof containing Nano diamond.Relate to nickel-base composite coat and preparation method thereof.Containing the nickel-base composite coat of Nano diamond, take metallic nickel or nickelalloy as matrix, nanodiamond particle even dispersion ground distributes therein.Preparation method, comprises the following steps: preparation of nano composite plating bath, under ul-trasonic irradiation, prepare nano-composite plate.In coating nanodiamond particle with nanoscale even dispersion be distributed in Ni-based matter, refinement metal grain, significantly improved hardness and the tribological property of original nickel coating.Utilize ultrasonic cavitation to guarantee dispersed in plating solution and coating of Nano diamond and promote the codeposition of nanoparticle and metal.Such nano-composite plate can effectively strengthen wear-resistant, the Wear vesistance of workpiece surface, extends work-ing life of workpiece, can be widely used on the workpiece that mould, each class bearing, gear, engine and drive disk assembly etc. are easy to wearing and tearing.
But its electroplate liquid adopting is only to add on the basis of basic nickel-plating liquid that Nano diamond is compound to be obtained, research is not applicable to the compound electric nickel plating/coating of adamantine electroplate liquid gained and can not meets the demand of ultrathin diamond cutlery.
On the special stainless steel matrix that ultrathin diamond cutlery is is 0.1～0.15mm at thickness, by the mode of plate-composite plating of stream, make solia particle and multicomponent alloy codeposition, obtain nickel-diamond composite deposite, thereby form a kind of diamond tool of its cutting cutting edge.When use, utilize adamantine cutting edge in coating, and be widely used in cutting electronic material (silicon, germanium etc.), quartz crystal, crisp and hard material, magneticsubstance and laser crystals etc.
Such instrument, except body material is had particular requirement, also needs nickel-diamond composite deposite to have enough hardness, intensity and wear resistance, cut sharp, self-sharpening good.Therefore, must control the processing condition of composite plating, as solution composition content, temperature, current density, acidity, diamond grit and content etc.Make metal refining crystal grain tiny, diamond distribution is even, and coating performance is good.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, one of object of the present invention is to provide the electroplating technology on a kind of slim cutlery surface.Described technique is by controlling the processing condition of nickel-diamond composite plating, as solution composition content, temperature, current density, acidity, diamond grit and content etc., make metal refining crystal grain tiny, diamond distribution is even, coating has enough hardness, intensity and wear resistance, cut sharp, self-sharpening good.
One of object of the present invention realizes by following scheme:
The electroplating technology on slim cutlery surface, the composition of electroplate liquid and electroplating technology are: single nickel salt 230～270g/L, nickelous chloride 40～55g/L, boric acid 35～45g/L, rose vitriol 10～20g/L, manganous sulfate 1～5g/L, asccharin 0.5～0.8g/L, butynediol 0.1～0.5g/L, sodium lauryl sulphate 0.05～0.15g/L, diamond particle 40～70g/L, pH value 3.8～4.2, current density 1～4A/dm2,45～55 ℃ of temperature, ultrasonic agitation.
Wherein, the weight ratio of single nickel salt and nickelous chloride is 5:1-5.3:1;
Wherein, the weight ratio of single nickel salt and boric acid is 6:1-6.3:1;
Wherein, the weight ratio of nickelous chloride and boric acid is 1.1:1-1.3:1;
Wherein, Co
2+/ (Ni
2++ Co
2+) be controlled at below 6.5%;
Wherein, Mn
2+/ (Ni
2++ Mn
2+) be controlled at below 2.5%;
Wherein, asccharin and butynediol weight are 3: 1～4: 1.
Wherein, the Action Specification of each component is as follows:
(1) in plating solution, the height of Ni2+ ion content affects cathode efficiency, solution dispersibility, coating roughness and mechanical property, therefore, must be controlled in specific processing range.
(2) Cl-ion works the spread coefficient effect that reduces anodic polarization, activation anode and increase nickel ion, can improve plating solution electroconductibility and dispersive ability simultaneously, requires Cl-ion in solution must have certain content, and should be lower than 6g/L.
(3) boric acid, as buffer reagent, mainly regulates bath pH value, and contributes to coating crystallization careful, improves current efficiency.
(4) metal ions addition agent, to contain the salt such as Co2+, Mn2+ as main, is used alone or in combination, and plays promotor effect, and participates in electrodeposition process.Adding of they, improve on the one hand electrolytic solution conductive capability and dispersive ability, make coated metal grain refining simultaneously, dense structure and make to infiltrate disparate metals atom in coating and cause the approach of the alloyings such as various forms of lattice distortion to strengthen coating, coating crystal grain displacement moving resistance is increased, cause the raising of metallic substance modification drag, increase hardness and the intensity of coating.
(5) brightening agent can improve coating hardness, has good leveling effect, and crystal grain thinning, raising composite deposite compactness and safe range of stress.If mismate, can cause coating internal stress to increase, and makes coating produce fragility [4].
(6) effect of coated metal is fixing and mosaic diamond on the one hand, in cutting material, to make the diamond exposure timely and appropriately on cutlery upgrade on the other hand, the cutting of cutlery cutting material should be diamond, guarantee and maintain diamond effectively work be coated metal, so the hardness of coated metal and wearing character have determined diamond cutlery working effect to a great extent.The intensity of coated metal is higher, and just better, still, coating hardness has an adaptation, matching problem to the abrasive property of differing materials to wear resistance.The material that abrasive property is little adapts to compared with the cutlery of buffing layer, and the material that abrasive property is large adapts to the cutlery of harder coating; And if coated metal is too soft, in cutting, abrasion resistance is little, abrasion loss increases, and wraps up adamantine ability and reduces, and the tendency that diamond exposure comes off increases, and affects the cutlery life-span.If coating hardness is too high, can cause cutlery in cutting material, coating consumption is very micro-, so that can not maintain the normal exposure of diamond particle from sharp, causing coating that fragility may occur increases, and occurs the phenomenon such as avalanche, brittle failure, the cutlery life-span is declined and damage and cut material.Therefore, cutlery performance has selection to cut material, and material characteristics counter blade has requirement, only has two to adapt, and could improve cutting production level, obtains higher economic benefit.
The present invention has the following advantages:
(1) in coating of the present invention nanodiamond particle with nanoscale even dispersion be distributed in Ni-based matter, refinement metal grain, significantly improved hardness and the tribological property of original nickel coating.The present invention utilizes ultrasonic cavitation to guarantee dispersed in plating solution and coating of Nano diamond and promotes the codeposition of nanoparticle and metal.Such nano-composite plate can effectively strengthen wear-resistant, the Wear vesistance of workpiece surface, extends work-ing life of workpiece, can be widely used on the workpiece that mould, each class bearing, gear, engine and drive disk assembly etc. are easy to wearing and tearing.
(2) in the electroplating process of composite deposite, utilize ultrasonic wave to assist, ultrasonic generator is placed in coating bath bottom, and ultrasonic power is 100～500W, frequency 28KHZ～40KHZ.Before plating, need in advance nano combined plating solution supersound process 30 minutes, electroplate and start that in addition ultrasonic wave is auxiliary all the time until finish whole process.In nano combined nickel plating process, apply auxiliary ultrasonic wave, utilize supersonic cavity principle, Nano diamond secondary agglomeration body in plating solution is opened and maintained it and disperse uniformly and stably, thereby guarantee that the diamond particle entering in coating exists with nanoscale even dispersion state.
(3) impact on coating and effect for heterogeneity in plating solution, by controlling its content, thereby can obtain making metal refining grain refining, coating performance is good, hardness is different composite deposite.Therefore, by the effective control to the each composition of plating solution, can produce the cutlery for cutting differing materials, thereby improve cutting production efficiency.
Embodiment
For ease of understanding the present invention, it is as follows that the present invention enumerates embodiment.Those skilled in the art should understand, described embodiment helps to understand the present invention, should not be considered as concrete restriction of the present invention.
Embodiment mono-
Electroplate liquid consists of: single nickel salt 230～270g/L, nickelous chloride 40～55g/L, boric acid 35～45g/L, rose vitriol 10～20g/L, manganous sulfate 1～5g/L, asccharin 0.5～0.8g/L, butynediol 0.1～0.5g/L, sodium lauryl sulphate 0.05～0.15g/L, diamond particle 40～70g/L, pH value 3.8～4.2.
Wherein, the weight ratio of single nickel salt and nickelous chloride is 5:1-5.3:1;
Wherein, the weight ratio of single nickel salt and boric acid is 6:1-6.3:1;
Wherein, the weight ratio of nickelous chloride and boric acid is 1.1:1-1.3:1;
Wherein, Co
2+/ (Ni
2++ Co
2+) be controlled at below 6.5%;
Wherein, Mn
2+/ (Ni
2++ Mn
2+) be controlled at below 2.5%;
Wherein, asccharin and butynediol weight are 3:1～4:1.
Nano combined plating solution is heated to 50 ℃ and ultrasonic dispersion and after 30 minutes, starts to electroplate, plating piece is No. 20 carbon steel coupons, and anode adopts sheet nickel, current density 2A/dm
2, electroplating time is 30 minutes.Plating solution supersound process in addition all the time in electroplating process, hyperacoustic power is 300W, ultrasonic frequency is 28KHZ.Obtained the nickel-base composite coat containing Nano diamond by aforesaid method, thickness of coating 11 μ m, observe the particle diameter equal < 100nm of Nano diamond particle under SEM, and the hardness of composite deposite is 1200kg/mm
2, wear resisting property has improved 5 times compared with nickel coating.
Comparative example one
The Nano diamond ashes 2g getting after modification adds in 100ml water, obtains the aqueous dispersions of Nano diamond, then by the nickeliferous basic plating solution of following formulated 2L: NiSO after ultrasonic dispersion 30min
47H
2o250g/L, NiCl
26H
2o45g/L, H
3bO
435g/L.Under the middling speed of 400r/min stirs, nanodiamond liquid dispersion is added in the basic plating solution of nickel and obtain nano combined plating solution.Nano combined plating solution is heated to 50 ℃ and ultrasonic dispersion and after 30 minutes, starts to electroplate, plating piece is No. 20 carbon steel coupons, and anode adopts sheet nickel, current density 2A/dm
2, electroplating time is 30 minutes.Plating solution supersound process in addition all the time in electroplating process, hyperacoustic power is 300W, ultrasonic frequency is 28KHZ.Obtained the nickel-base composite coat containing Nano diamond by aforesaid method, thickness of coating 11 μ m, observe the particle diameter equal < 100nm of Nano diamond particle under SEM, and the hardness of composite deposite is 745kg/mm
2, wear resisting property has improved 3.5 times compared with nickel coating.
Comparative example two
The Nano diamond ashes 2g getting after modification adds in 100ml water, adopts ultrasonic dispersion after 30 minutes, to obtain the aqueous dispersions of Nano diamond, then presses the nickeliferous basic plating solution of following formulated 2L: NiSO
47H
2o150g/L, MgSO
47H
2o30g/L, NaCl10g/L, H
3bO
420g/L, asccharin 1g/L, tonka bean camphor 0.5g/L, sodium lauryl sulphate 0.1g/L.Under the middling speed of 400r/min stirs, nanodiamond liquid dispersion is added in the basic plating solution of nickel and obtain nano combined plating solution.Nano combined plating solution is heated to 40 ℃ and ultrasonic dispersion and after 30 minutes, starts to electroplate, plating piece is stainless steel substrates, and anode adopts sheet nickel, current density 0.5A/dm
2, electroplating time is 60 minutes.Plating solution supersound process in addition all the time in electroplating process, hyperacoustic power is 300W, ultrasonic frequency is 28KHZ.Obtain the nickel-base composite coat containing Nano diamond by aforesaid method, coating light, thickness is 8 μ m, observes the equal < 100nm of particle diameter of Nano diamond particle under SEM, the hardness of composite deposite is 652kg/mm
2, wear resisting property has improved 2 times compared with nickel coating.
Applicant's statement, the present invention illustrates detailed process equipment and process flow process of the present invention by above-described embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned detailed process equipment and process flow process, do not mean that the present invention must rely on above-mentioned detailed process equipment and process flow process and could implement.Person of ordinary skill in the field should understand, any improvement in the present invention, and the selections of the equivalence replacement to the each raw material of product of the present invention and the interpolation of ancillary component, concrete mode etc., within all dropping on protection scope of the present invention and open scope.
Claims (7)
1. the electroplating technology on slim cutlery surface, the composition of electroplate liquid and electroplating technology are: single nickel salt 230～270g/L, nickelous chloride 40～55g/L, boric acid 35～45g/L, rose vitriol 10～20g/L, manganous sulfate 1～5g/L, asccharin 0.5～0.8g/L, butynediol 0.1～0.5g/L, sodium lauryl sulphate 0.05～0.15g/L, diamond particle 40～70g/L, pH value 3.8～4.2, current density 1～4A/dm2,45～55 ℃ of temperature, ultrasonic agitation.
2. technique according to claim 1, wherein, the weight ratio of single nickel salt and nickelous chloride is 5:1-5.3:1.
3. technique according to claim 1, wherein, the weight ratio of single nickel salt and boric acid is 6:1-6.3:1.
4. technique according to claim 1, wherein, the weight ratio of nickelous chloride and boric acid is 1.1:1-1.3:1.
5. technique according to claim 1, wherein, Co
2+/ (Ni
2++ Co
2+) be controlled at below 6.5%.
6. technique according to claim 1, wherein, Mn
2+/ (Ni
2++ Mn
2+) be controlled at below 2.5%.
7. technique according to claim 1, wherein, asccharin and butynediol weight are 3: 1～4: 1.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210450956.2A CN103806075A (en) | 2012-11-12 | 2012-11-12 | Surface electroplating process of thin cutting tool |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210450956.2A CN103806075A (en) | 2012-11-12 | 2012-11-12 | Surface electroplating process of thin cutting tool |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108411343A (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2018-08-17 | 上海大学 | A kind of plating cobalt tungsten manganese high-strength steel and its preparation method and application |
| CN109137003A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2019-01-04 | 福鼎恒晟金属表面科技有限公司 | A kind of nickel plating technology of clipper |
| CN111286768A (en) * | 2020-03-05 | 2020-06-16 | 广东奔朗超硬精密工具有限公司 | Nickel-cobalt-manganese-lanthanum alloy plating solution and preparation method and application thereof |
-
2012
- 2012-11-12 CN CN201210450956.2A patent/CN103806075A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108411343A (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2018-08-17 | 上海大学 | A kind of plating cobalt tungsten manganese high-strength steel and its preparation method and application |
| CN109137003A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2019-01-04 | 福鼎恒晟金属表面科技有限公司 | A kind of nickel plating technology of clipper |
| CN111286768A (en) * | 2020-03-05 | 2020-06-16 | 广东奔朗超硬精密工具有限公司 | Nickel-cobalt-manganese-lanthanum alloy plating solution and preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20140521 |