CN1676674A - Method for preparing nickel-phosphor alloy base composite cladding containing nano particle - Google Patents
Method for preparing nickel-phosphor alloy base composite cladding containing nano particle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1676674A CN1676674A CN 200510023378 CN200510023378A CN1676674A CN 1676674 A CN1676674 A CN 1676674A CN 200510023378 CN200510023378 CN 200510023378 CN 200510023378 A CN200510023378 A CN 200510023378A CN 1676674 A CN1676674 A CN 1676674A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- electroplate liquid
- particulate
- plating
- nickel
- alloy base
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- -1 nickel-phosphor alloy Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 10
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 title claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Chemical compound data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Inorganic materials 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[Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
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[Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000080590 Niso Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910018104 Ni-P Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910018536 Ni—P Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicium dioxide Chemical compound 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O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 6
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 3
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 3
- 229910052904 quartz Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 abstract 3
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 3
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 3
- REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium(3+) Chemical class data:image/svg+xml;base64,PD94bWwgdmVyc2lvbj0nMS4wJyBlbmNvZGluZz0naXNvLTg4NTktMSc/Pgo8c3ZnIHZlcnNpb249JzEuMScgYmFzZVByb2ZpbGU9J2Z1bGwnCiAgICAgICAgICAgICAgeG1sbnM9J2h0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnJwogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgeG1sbnM6cmRraXQ9J2h0dHA6Ly93d3cucmRraXQub3JnL3htbCcKICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSdodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hsaW5rJwogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICB4bWw6c3BhY2U9J3ByZXNlcnZlJwp3aWR0aD0nMzAwcHgnIGhlaWdodD0nMzAwcHgnIHZpZXdCb3g9JzAgMCAzMDAgMzAwJz4KPCEtLSBFTkQgT0YgSEVBREVSIC0tPgo8cmVjdCBzdHlsZT0nb3BhY2l0eToxLjA7ZmlsbDojRkZGRkZGO3N0cm9rZTpub25lJyB3aWR0aD0nMzAwLjAnIGhlaWdodD0nMzAwLjAnIHg9JzAuMCcgeT0nMC4wJz4gPC9yZWN0Pgo8dGV4dCB4PScxMzguMCcgeT0nMTcwLjAnIGNsYXNzPSdhdG9tLTAnIHN0eWxlPSdmb250LXNpemU6NDBweDtmb250LXN0eWxlOm5vcm1hbDtmb250LXdlaWdodDpub3JtYWw7ZmlsbC1vcGFjaXR5OjE7c3Ryb2tlOm5vbmU7Zm9udC1mYW1pbHk6c2Fucy1zZXJpZjt0ZXh0LWFuY2hvcjpzdGFydDtmaWxsOiMzQjQxNDMnID5BPC90ZXh0Pgo8dGV4dCB4PScxNjUuNicgeT0nMTcwLjAnIGNsYXNzPSdhdG9tLTAnIHN0eWxlPSdmb250LXNpemU6NDBweDtmb250LXN0eWxlOm5vcm1hbDtmb250LXdlaWdodDpub3JtYWw7ZmlsbC1vcGFjaXR5OjE7c3Ryb2tlOm5vbmU7Zm9udC1mYW1pbHk6c2Fucy1zZXJpZjt0ZXh0LWFuY2hvcjpzdGFydDtmaWxsOiMzQjQxNDMnID5sPC90ZXh0Pgo8dGV4dCB4PScxNzQuOCcgeT0nMTU0LjAnIGNsYXNzPSdhdG9tLTAnIHN0eWxlPSdmb250LXNpemU6MjZweDtmb250LXN0eWxlOm5vcm1hbDtmb250LXdlaWdodDpub3JtYWw7ZmlsbC1vcGFjaXR5OjE7c3Ryb2tlOm5vbmU7Zm9udC1mYW1pbHk6c2Fucy1zZXJpZjt0ZXh0LWFuY2hvcjpzdGFydDtmaWxsOiMzQjQxNDMnID4zPC90ZXh0Pgo8dGV4dCB4PScxODguNycgeT0nMTU0LjAnIGNsYXNzPSdhdG9tLTAnIHN0eWxlPSdmb250LXNpemU6MjZweDtmb250LXN0eWxlOm5vcm1hbDtmb250LXdlaWdodDpub3JtYWw7ZmlsbC1vcGFjaXR5OjE7c3Ryb2tlOm5vbmU7Zm9udC1mYW1pbHk6c2Fucy1zZXJpZjt0ZXh0LWFuY2hvcjpzdGFydDtmaWxsOiMzQjQxNDMnID4rPC90ZXh0Pgo8L3N2Zz4K data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 [Al+3] REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boric acid Chemical compound 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OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound 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OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical compound 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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus Chemical compound 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 [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
This invention is about the preparing method of Ni-P alloy base composite deposited layer which contains nano SiO2 microns. The invention uses electrodeposition plating, and the electroplate liquid is made up of : NiSO4.6H2O 300g/L, NiCl2.6H2O 45g/L, H3BO3 40g/L, H3PO3 15g/L. The value of PH is 1-2, and the solution is distilled water or de-ionized water. Besides, nanometer SiO2 microboulders which have been treated should be added, and the dosis should be 10 g/L. Before the microboulders are added, in the method of pulse electrodeposition plating, the positive pole should be large square of pure Ni plate, while the negative pole is the body which will be plated with. During the process of plating, pulse electricity goes into the solution. The average electricity density is 5A/square decimeter, while the impulse width is ton = 1 ms, and the duty ratio is 1 : 7. What is more, the temperature of the electroplate liquid should be kept as 60 deg.C. At last, we can get the Ni-P alloy base composite deposited layer which contains nanometer SiO2 microns on the metal substrate material. This composite layer made in this invention has high hardness, while the layer is homogeneous and smooth, and the pattern structure is also quite satisfactory.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of nanometer SiO that contains
2The preparation method of the nickel-phosphor alloy base composite cladding of particulate; Belong to Metal plating Technology field.
Background technology
Plating has long history as the surface treatment means, and its range of application is very wide, all need use the electroplating technology technology at many industrial circles and come process metal surfaces.Composite deposite is by the metal electrodeposition method, and a kind of or several insoluble solia particles are mingled with formed special coating in the metal plating equably.Composite plating has been considered to current solution high temperature corrosion, hot strength and wearing and tearing, and a kind of up-and-coming method of some problem such as wearing and tearing in particular cases, is a kind of advanced method of producing matrix material.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of nanometer SiO that contains
2The method of the nickel-phosphor alloy base composite cladding of particulate.
Another object of the present invention is to by in the Ni-P system, adding nanometer SiO
2Particulate with the method for pulse plating with composite electrodeposition, is prepared Ni-P-SiO under certain condition
2Composite deposite.
A kind of preparation method who contains the nickel-phosphor alloy base composite cladding of nanoparticle of the present invention is characterized in that this method comprises following processing step:
A. be ready to desire the metal base material of coating, this material needs operations such as prior economy-combat grinding and polishing light, washing, oil removing, washing, pickling;
B. treated good metal base material is positioned in the constant temperature plating tank, electroplates, electroplate liquid is for being added with nanometer SiO
2The nickel of particulate-phosphorus base composite electric plating bath; Consisting of of electroplate liquid: NiSO
46H
2O 300g/L, NiCl
26H
2O 45g/L, H
3BO
340g/L, H
3PO
315g/L, the pH value is 1~2, wherein solvent is deionized water or distilled water;
C. in above-mentioned electroplate liquid, add nanometer SiO
2Powdery particulate, addition are 10g/L; Before the interpolation, nanometer SiO
2Particulate needs process processing earlier, and treatment process is: with SiO
2Particulate is earlier wetting and with ultrasonic dispersing 10 minutes with less water, adds the low quantity of surfactant hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide again, and the usefulness ultrasonic dispersing adds in the above-mentioned electroplate liquid after 40 minutes more subsequently; And then this electroplate liquid continued ultra-sonic dispersion 1 hour;
D. adopt pulse electrodeposition coating mode, anode is a big area pure nickel plate, is negative plate with the plating piece, feeds pulsed current, and average current density is 5A/dm
2, pulsewidth is t
On=1ms, dutycycle is 1: 7; The temperature of electroplate liquid remains 60 ℃; Can on metal base material, obtain containing nanometer SiO at last
2The nickel-phosphor alloy base composite cladding of particulate.
The advantage of the inventive method is: introduce nanometer SiO in nickel-cobalt-tungsten-nickel-phosphorus alloy electroplating
2Behind the particulate, can further improve the hardness of coating.Adopt the nickel-phosphor alloy coating that obtains under pulse and the direct current electrode position condition to compare in addition, then the hardness of the nickel of pulse plating gained-phosphorus alloy layer is higher, and the pattern of coating is also better.
Embodiment
Now the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in the back:
Embodiment one: earlier with metal base material, promptly copper sheet is through mechanical grinding polishing, washing, the ultrasonic oil removing of acetone, washing, electrochemical deoiling, washing, the weak etch of acid, washing; Be ready to treated good base material copper sheet; Treated good metal base material is positioned in the constant temperature plating tank, electroplates, electroplate liquid is for being added with nanometer SiO
2The nickel of particulate-phosphorus base composite electric plating bath; Consisting of of electroplate liquid: NiSO
46H
2O 300g/L, NiCl
26H
2O 45g/L, H
3BO
340g/L, H
3PO
315g/L, the pH value is 1~2, wherein solvent is a distilled water; In above-mentioned electroplate liquid, add nanometer SiO
2Powdery particulate, addition are 10g/L; Before the interpolation, nanometer SiO
2Particulate needs process processing earlier, and treatment process is: with SiO
2Particulate is earlier wetting and with ultrasonic dispersing 10 minutes with less water, adds the low quantity of surfactant hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide again, and the usefulness ultrasonic dispersing adds in the above-mentioned electroplate liquid after 40 minutes more subsequently; And then this electroplate liquid continued ultra-sonic dispersion 1 hour; Adopt pulse electrodeposition coating mode, anode is a big area pure nickel plate, is negative plate with the plating piece, feeds pulsed current, and average current density is 5A/dm
2, pulsewidth is t
On=1ms, dutycycle is 1: 7; The temperature of electroplate liquid remains 60 ℃; Can on copper sheet, obtain containing nanometer SiO at last
2Nickel-the phosphorus of particulate and auri composite deposite.
The resulting composite deposite of present embodiment method through X-ray diffraction analysis, can obtain that crystallite is evenly distributed, good dispersion, pattern coating structure preferably.By transmission electron microscope observation, nanometer SiO in the coating
2The median size of particulate is 6-7nm.
Claims (1)
1. a preparation method who contains the nickel-phosphor alloy base composite cladding of nanoparticle is characterized in that, this method comprises following processing step:
A. be ready to the metal base material of desire plating, this material needs operations such as prior economy-combat grinding and polishing light, washing, oil removing, washing, pickling.
B. treated good metal base material is positioned in the constant temperature plating tank, electroplates.Electroplate liquid is for being added with nanometer SiO
2The nickel of particulate-phosphorus system plating solution; Consisting of of electroplate liquid: NiSO
46H
2O 300g/L, NiCl
26H
2O 45g/L, H
3BO
340g/L, H
3PO
315 g/L, pH value are 1~2, and wherein solvent is deionized water or distilled water.
C. in above-mentioned electroplate liquid, add nanometer SiO
2Powdery particulate, addition are 10g/L; Before the interpolation, nanometer SiO
2Particulate needs process processing earlier, and treatment process is: with SiO
2Particulate is earlier wetting and with ultrasonic dispersing 10 minutes with a small amount of distilled water, adds the low quantity of surfactant hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide again, and the usefulness ultrasonic dispersing adds in the above-mentioned electroplate liquid after 40 minutes more subsequently; And then this electroplate liquid continued ultra-sonic dispersion 1 hour.
D. adopt pulse electrodeposition coating mode, anode is a big area pure nickel plate, is negative plate with the plating piece, feeds pulsed current, and average current density is 5A/dm
2, pulsewidth is t
On=1ms, dutycycle is 1: 7; The temperature of electroplate liquid remains 60 ℃; Can on metal base material, obtain containing nanometer SiO at last
2The nickel-phosphor alloy base composite cladding of particulate.
Priority Applications (1)
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CN101042044B (en) * | 2007-01-16 | 2011-01-05 | 湖南纳菲尔新材料科技股份有限公司 | Pumping rod or oil sucking pipe electroplating iron-nickel/tungsten alloy double-layer coating and surface processing technology |
CN102127793A (en) * | 2011-03-28 | 2011-07-20 | 上海大学 | Composite electroplating method of chrome-nano silicon dioxide of steel |
CN102277604A (en) * | 2010-06-10 | 2011-12-14 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Electroplated Ni stacking membrane and its preparation method |
CN102703943A (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2012-10-03 | 江苏仪征金派内燃机配件有限公司 | Production method of nanocomposite surface piston ring |
CN103031585A (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2013-04-10 | 上海交通大学 | Preparation method of silica particle reinforced nickel-base composite coating for conducting rolls |
CN104404604A (en) * | 2014-11-20 | 2015-03-11 | 长沙理工大学 | Nickel-phosphorus/nano V8C7 composite plating liquid |
CN105154942A (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2015-12-16 | 桂林理工大学 | Method for preparing Ni-P-WO3 nano-composite coating through pulse electrodeposition |
CN108149303A (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2018-06-12 | 刘志红 | A kind of preparation process of Ni-P alloys base composite cladding |
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CN101042044B (en) * | 2007-01-16 | 2011-01-05 | 湖南纳菲尔新材料科技股份有限公司 | Pumping rod or oil sucking pipe electroplating iron-nickel/tungsten alloy double-layer coating and surface processing technology |
CN102277604A (en) * | 2010-06-10 | 2011-12-14 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Electroplated Ni stacking membrane and its preparation method |
CN102277604B (en) * | 2010-06-10 | 2013-11-27 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Electroplated Ni stacking membrane and its preparation method |
CN102127793A (en) * | 2011-03-28 | 2011-07-20 | 上海大学 | Composite electroplating method of chrome-nano silicon dioxide of steel |
CN102703943A (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2012-10-03 | 江苏仪征金派内燃机配件有限公司 | Production method of nanocomposite surface piston ring |
CN102703943B (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2016-04-13 | 江苏仪征金派内燃机配件有限公司 | A kind of production method of nanocomposite surface piston ring |
CN103031585A (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2013-04-10 | 上海交通大学 | Preparation method of silica particle reinforced nickel-base composite coating for conducting rolls |
CN103031585B (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2015-08-26 | 上海交通大学 | Conductive rollers silica dioxide granule strengthens the preparation method of nickel-base composite coat |
CN104404604A (en) * | 2014-11-20 | 2015-03-11 | 长沙理工大学 | Nickel-phosphorus/nano V8C7 composite plating liquid |
CN105154942A (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2015-12-16 | 桂林理工大学 | Method for preparing Ni-P-WO3 nano-composite coating through pulse electrodeposition |
CN108149303A (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2018-06-12 | 刘志红 | A kind of preparation process of Ni-P alloys base composite cladding |
CN108149304A (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2018-06-12 | 刘志红 | A kind of preparation process of Fe-P alloys base composite cladding |
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