CN1051704A - 包装食品用的贴附性包装膜 - Google Patents
包装食品用的贴附性包装膜 Download PDFInfo
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- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
- B32B27/322—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins comprising halogenated polyolefins, e.g. PTFE
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- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
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- Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
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Abstract
本发明涉及包装食品,尤其是新鲜制品和鲜肉的
贴附性包装膜。该膜含有由乙烯与烯属不饱和极性
共聚单体的共聚物与一种弹性聚合物构成的芯层,还
含有线性低密度聚乙烯构成的表层。芯层和表层均
可含有其它成分。本发明的薄膜与PVC食品包装
膜相比毫不逊色,完全可以取而代之。
Description
本发明涉及一种贴附性包装膜,更具体说涉及一种包装消费品,尤其是包装鲜肉及新鲜制品的透明贴附性包装膜。本发明的薄膜至少含有两层,一层是主要含线性低密度聚乙烯的表层,另一层是主要含乙烯与烯属不饱和极性共聚单体的共聚物并且还含有弹性体聚合物的芯层。这类膜往往被称为PVC食品包装代用膜。
许多食品,尤其是鲜肉和新鲜制品是用透明薄膜来包装的。该膜必须是透明的,用以向消费者展示赏心悦目的产品,同时又要有足够的强度来提供必要的保护作用。例如,在肉类包装方面,希望使用透明薄膜包装鲜肉来使其包装引人注目,而鲜肉通常是放在塑料或泡沫包装材料中再打上薄膜来包装的。薄膜必须有足够的强度才能得以进行包装过程,不管是自动包装还是手工包装,包装过程中都是快速将薄膜绷绕住制品,并通过自身贴附或热合将其密封。而且,当薄膜绷绕在食品上时,必须避免由于手指抓划或其它包装材料的穿刺造成变形而产生漏洞,并且此膜必须具有良好的回复性,能使变形很快消除。
在生产线上用贴附性包装膜包裹新鲜食品,尤其是肉制品。该过程包括由输送辊间断高速放出薄膜,向上送出一盘食物使它与膜相接,将膜绷绕此盘到其下端并使此膜密封。可通过其自身贴附或热合膜的边沿将该膜密封起来。膜的弹性必须要保证绷紧的膜紧绕在制品上,这些膜必须透明、抗拉、抗穿孔,而且变形回复性好。
聚氯乙烯薄膜长期以来一直是食品包装工业的首选薄膜。但食品包装工业已迫切需要改用无PVC的代用膜。以烯烃聚合物为主配制组合物制造贴附性包装膜一直是很困难的。这些组合物必须同时满足上述特性要求以及许多食品法规的要求。
用低密度聚乙烯制成的薄膜已在弹性包装中得到应用。这些膜通常是刚性的,伸长率低,拉伸强度差。尽管乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯没有上述那么多的问题,但它有抗撕裂性能差的缺点。为了克服这些问题,已开发出含有两层或多层特性各异的不同材料的复合膜。许多专利均涉及含有多层这类及其它成分作为主组分及副组分的弹性膜和贴附膜。但这些专利均未解决早已提出但一直未实现的需求,就是提供一种满意的PVC代用膜。这些膜均不具有所要求的拉伸强度、回复性能、光学透明度、封合性能及其它PVC代用膜的重要特性的综合性能。
本发明涉及一种透明的贴附性包装膜,该膜具有至少两层,包括含线性低密度聚乙烯的表层和含乙烯与烯属不饱和极性共聚单体的共聚物以及一种弹性聚合物的芯层。较好的极性共聚单体是一种烯属不饱和酯或羧酸。芯层含有约70-90%(重量)的至少含18%(重量)的醋酸乙烯酯的乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯(EVA)和约5-30%(重量)的苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯(SIS)嵌段共聚物为最佳。
本发明的包装膜是用于食品加工中的理想的PVC代用包装材料。该膜与PVC食品包装材料相比毫不逊色。本发明的薄膜制备简单、经济。无需添加胶粘剂,其本身具有贴附性。该膜还便于处理和印染,并具有至少等同于PVC膜的综合阻隔性能。该膜不含往往在PVC膜中出现的可萃取的增塑剂。而且本发明的薄膜还可含有一般的添加剂如防翳剂、抗氧化剂、着色剂和胶粘剂。再者,可使用常规的平挤和吹塑成膜法来生产这些薄膜,并可将其用于常规的PVC食品包装设备。由以下的详述将更全面地看出本发明以上的和其它的实质特点和进步。
对照附图阅读下列详细说明将更易于突出本发明的其它特征和进步,其中:
图1是本发明ABA构型的三层包装膜的截面示意图;
图2是本发明包装食物制品的透视图示意图。
尽管要结合推荐的实施方案来介绍本发明,但应理解,并不是要将本发明限于此方案。相反,所有可归于本发明主旨的变化,改型及等同方案,均应在本发明之列。
本发明提供了一种至少具有两层的透明、贴附性包装膜10,即表层12和芯层14。表层的特征在于其结晶度比芯层高。表层主要构成膜的撕裂强度和抗拉强度。表层还决定着其雾度及光泽度等光学特性。芯层的结晶度较低,比表层更具无规性。芯层提供了高穿刺变形回复性。芯层还提供薄膜的透氧特性。在肉类包装中要求薄膜具有适当的透氧程度,使肉类保鲜,以使消费者看到的食品外观令人满意。
表层含有线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)。线性低密度聚乙烯较好的是含有多达约10%的共聚单体衍生单元的聚合物,以使密度为0.915-0.925。可由C4-C8的α-烯烃(较好的是C8α-烯烃)得到共聚单体衍生的单元。熔融指数为约0.4-10.0,较好为约1.0-3.5。密度为约0.90-0.93,较好为约0.915-0.925。
在另一实施方案中,表层还可含有多达约10%(重量)的选自乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯(EVA)共聚物、低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)、超低密度聚乙烯(VLDPE)的聚合物以及它们的混合物。表层可含有其它常规添加剂,包括防翳剂、抗氧化剂、着色剂等。常使用用量多达约2%(重量)的单油酸甘油酯(GMO)作为防翳剂。
芯层主要由乙烯与一种烯属不饱和极性共聚单体的共聚物构成。该极性共聚单体选自烯属不饱和酯、烯属不饱和羧酸及它们的共混物。推荐的共聚单体为醋酸乙烯酯、丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、甲基异丁烯酸和丙烯酸/丙烯酸甲酯。较好的烯属不饱和酯是醋酸乙烯酯,共聚物含有约5-50%(重量)的醋酸乙烯酯、较好的是至少含18%(重量)的醋酸乙烯酯,最好含有约20-30%(重量)。乙烯共聚物的熔融指数为0.3-12.0,较好为1.0-7.0,最好为2.0-6.0。芯层含约70-90%(重量)的上述共聚物。
推荐的弹性聚合物是嵌段共聚物,以选自苯乙烯/异戊二烯/苯乙烯(SIS)嵌段共聚物、苯乙烯/丁二烯/苯乙烯(SBS)嵌段共聚物和苯乙烯/乙烯丁烯/苯乙烯(SEBS)嵌段共聚物为宜。该弹性聚合物最好是苯乙烯/异戊二烯/苯乙烯嵌段共聚物。该弹性聚合物的用量应以不出现与乙烯共聚物的相容性方面的问题为度。当弹性体聚合物在芯层中的用量为约5-30%(重量)时,具有相容性并获得满意的特性。
在另一实施方案中,芯层可含有多达约10%(重量)的选自线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)、低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)、超低密度聚乙烯(VLDPE)及它们的共混物的聚合物。
在芯层或表层中可含有常规的添加剂。例如,可添加防翳剂和抗板结剂。尽管低分子量添加剂可增加塑性,但过量抗板结剂可使薄膜有油状的感觉,因此应当避免。
本发明的薄膜厚度一般在0.2-1.4密耳范围内,较好为0.4-0.7密耳,最好为0.5-0.6密耳。所成膜最好是有两个组成相同的表层,芯层的两端各有一层表层。在这种结构中,芯层约占薄膜的70-80%(重量),而任一表层约占薄膜的10-15%(重量)。
可在常规的混合器中捏和相应的树脂组分来分别混合表层和芯层的组分。可按常规方法,包括吹塑管状膜挤出法和冷却辊骤冷平挤膜挤出法,由这些组分来实现薄膜生产。可用常规的食品包装设备,较好的是在肉类包装设备中使用该薄膜。使用中,膜10由辊中放出,与待包装的制品16接触(可放在盘18中),绷绕在该制品上,并通过自身贴附或热合进行密封,制成用于向消费者展示的包装制品20。
实施例1:
根据本发明生产具有ABA结构的薄膜。表层由熔融指数为3.2,密度为0.9175的己烯线性低密度聚乙烯构成。表层还含有约2%的单油酸甘油酯作为防翳剂。每一表层占薄膜总量的约15%。芯层由约85%(重量)的熔融指数为3.0并含约28%的醋酸乙烯酯的乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯构成。芯层中还含有约15%的苯乙烯/异戊二烯/苯乙烯嵌段共聚物。芯层占薄膜总量的约70%(重量)。采用常规的缝模平挤挤出法生产薄膜。
实施例2:
生产本发明的第二种薄膜。表层由熔融指数为3.2,密度为0.9175的己烯线性低密度聚乙烯构成。表层还含有约2%的单油酸甘油酯作为防翳剂。每一表层占薄膜总重的约10%(重量)。芯层由熔融指数为3.0的约70%(重量)的乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯构成,其中含约28%的醋酸乙烯酯。芯层中苯乙烯/异戊二烯/苯乙烯嵌段共聚物的用量约为30%。芯层约占薄膜总量的80%(重量)。
对比实例3:
生产芯层中不含弹性聚合物的对比薄膜。除不含弹性聚合物外,该对比薄膜与实施例2的薄膜完全相同。因此,芯层完全由规定的乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯构成。
与常规的PVC食品包装膜一起,对按上述实例生产的薄膜进行试验。表1列出了常规PVC食品包装膜,本发明的ABA膜和芯层中不含弹性体的类似ABA膜的机械特性的许多试验结果。
表1
与PVC的对比
薄膜性能 PVC 实施例2加有弹 实施例3未加弹
性体的ABA薄膜 性体的ABA薄膜
厚度(密耳) 0.6 0.71 .53
雾度(%) 2.9 1.3 0.3
光泽度(45°) 86 95 98
收缩率(%) MD 37 88 87
TD 14 -32 -50
断裂伸长率(%) MD 230 400 300
TD 320 950 1020
200%时的抗张 MD 3850 2790 4540
强度(Psi)
断裂抗张强度 MD 4440 4240 7010
(Psi) TD 4110 2890 4200
50%伸长后的 MD 2.0 7.3 8.9
回复(变定%)1TD 5.9 8.6 10.3
100%伸长后的 MD 14.7 29.5 37.7
回复(变定%)1TD 17.5 30.1 36.3
正割模量 MD 8.2 8.0 20.2
(Kpsi) TD 5.6 6.4 10.7
埃尔曼多夫撕 MD 45 90 65
裂(克/密耳) TD 90 345 405
落膘冲击(克/密耳) TD 680 290 250
1.按ASTM D882方法规定并按本文改型进行试验。
在肉类包装工业中,特别关心的就是在由手指及其它物体造成穿透和变形之后的薄膜的回复性能。为了与PVC食品包装膜一起检验上述实例中生产的薄膜的弹性回复特性,而对这些膜进行试验,测定它们的变定百分数。按改变的ASTM D 882方法确定该试验为一单一的循环过程,包括在规定的伸长百分率的条件下保持1分钟,然后在返回到初始未拉伸时的位置之后松弛一分钟,接着迅速测定长度改变的百分率(记录为变定百分数)。该对比试验的结果记载于表2中。
根据专利法的要求和为了解释与说明,已在上面对本发明做了说明,主要是特定的实施方案。
Claims (15)
1、一种至少有两层的透明贴附性包装膜,其特征在于,表层含有线性低密度聚乙烯,芯层含有乙烯与烯属不饱和极性共聚单体的聚合物并含有一种弹性聚合物。
2、根据权利要求1的包装薄膜,其中所述的极性共聚单体是烯属不饱和酯、烯属不饱和羧酸或其中两种或多种的混合物,较好的是醋酸乙烯酯、丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、甲基异丁烯酸、丙烯酸/丙烯酸甲酯或其中两种或多种的混合物。
3、根据权利要求1或2所述的包装薄膜,其中所述聚合物是含5-50%(重量)醋酸乙烯酯的乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯聚合物。
4、根据上述任一项权利要求所述的包装薄膜,其中所述的弹性共聚物是嵌段共聚物,较好是苯乙烯/异戊二烯/苯乙烯嵌段共聚物、苯乙烯/丁二烯/苯乙烯嵌段共聚物和/或苯乙烯/乙烯丁烯/苯乙烯嵌段共聚物。
5、根据上述任一项权利要求所述的包装薄膜,其中所述芯层还含有线性低密度聚乙烯、低密度聚乙烯、超低密度聚乙烯或其中两种或多种的混合物。
6、根据上述任一项权利要求所述的包装薄膜,其中所述表层还含有一种选自低密度聚乙烯、超低密度聚乙烯、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯聚合物(含量少于10%为宜)或其中两种或多种的混合物的聚合物。
7、根据上述任一项权利要求所述的包装薄膜,其中所述至少一层还含有用量少于10%的低密度聚乙烯。
8、根据上述任一项权利要求所述的包装薄膜,所述至少一层中还含有有效量的防翳剂,该添加剂优选为单油酸甘油酯,加至表层中较好。
9、根据上述任一项权利要求所述的包装薄膜,还含有第二表层,两表层位于所述芯层的两个表面上,组成相同,膜的厚度为0.2-1.2密耳较好,芯层占薄膜总量的70-80%(重量),每一表层占薄膜总量的10-15%(重量)。
10、根据上述任一项权利要求所述的包装薄膜,其中所述薄膜的弹性回复性能为100%伸长后1分钟再令其松弛至最初末拉伸时的位置停留1分钟之后的变定值小于35%。
11、一种透明贴附性包装膜,其特征在于包含一种芯层,含有至少约70-90%(重量)的所含醋酸乙烯酯至少为18%的乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯、约5-30%(重量)的苯乙烯/异戊二烯/苯乙烯嵌段共聚物和约0-10%(重量)的选自线性低密度聚乙烯、低密度聚乙烯及它们的混合物的聚合物;和
一种表层,位于该芯层的表面,该表层含有约90-100%(重量)的线性低密度聚乙烯、约0-2%(重量)的单油酸甘油酯和约0-10%(重量)的选自乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯、低密度聚乙烯及它们的混合物的聚合物。
其中所述薄膜的厚度为约0.5-0.6密耳,所述芯层占所述薄膜的约70-80%(重量),所述表层分别占所述薄膜的约10-15%(重量)。
12、一种装有日用品的包装制品,该日用品封装在一绷紧的透明贴附性包装薄膜中,该薄膜至少具有两层,包括:
一种含有线性低密度聚乙烯的表层;和
一种含有乙烯与一种烯属不饱和极性共聚单体的共聚物并含有弹性聚合物的芯层。
13、权利要求12所述的包装制品,其中所述日用品是鲜肉制品,所述包装膜包括:
一种芯层,含有约70-90%(重量)的所含醋酸乙烯酯至少为约18%的乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯、约5-30%(重量)的苯乙烯/异戊二烯/苯乙烯嵌段共聚物和约0-10%(重量)选自线性低密度聚乙烯、低密度聚乙烯及它们的混合物的聚合物;和
一种表层,位于所述芯层的表面,该表层含有约90-100%(重量)的线性低密度聚乙烯、约0-2%(重量)的单油酸甘油酯和约0-10%(重量)选自乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯、低密度聚乙烯和它们的混合物的聚合物,
其中所述薄膜的厚度为约0.4-0.7密耳,芯层占该薄膜的约70-80%(重量),表层分别占该薄膜的约10-15%(重量)。
14、一种包装食品的方法,其特征在于将一种透明PVC代用膜绷绕在食品上,通过该薄膜自身的贴附,使该食品封装在该薄膜之中,该薄膜包括:
一种含线性低密度聚乙烯的表层和
一种含乙烯与烯属不饱和极性共聚单体的共聚物并含有弹性聚合物的芯层。
15、权利要求14所述的方法,其中所述食品是鲜肉制品,所述包装膜包括:
一种芯层,含有约70-90%(重量)的所含醋酸乙烯酯至少为约18%的乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯、约5-30%(重量)的苯乙烯/异戊二烯/苯乙烯嵌段共聚物和约0-10%(重量)的选自线性低密度聚乙烯、低密度聚乙烯及其混合物的聚合物;和
一种表层,位于该芯层的表面上,该表层含有约90-100%(重量)的线性低密度聚乙烯、约0-2%(重量)的单油酸甘油酯和约0-10%(重量)的选自乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯、低密度聚乙烯及其混合物的聚合物,
其中所述薄膜厚度为约0.4-0.7密耳,所述芯层占薄膜的约70-80%(重量),所述表层占薄膜的约10-15%(重量)。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US432959 | 1989-11-07 | ||
US07/432,959 US5112674A (en) | 1989-11-07 | 1989-11-07 | Cling packaging film for wrapping food products |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1051704A true CN1051704A (zh) | 1991-05-29 |
Family
ID=23718260
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN90108852A Pending CN1051704A (zh) | 1989-11-07 | 1990-11-07 | 包装食品用的贴附性包装膜 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5112674A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1051704A (zh) |
AU (1) | AU6873591A (zh) |
IE (1) | IE904000A1 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO1991006426A1 (zh) |
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CN107105725B (zh) * | 2014-12-25 | 2021-08-10 | 夏普株式会社 | 保存食品的方法、食品用膜、食品用容器以及处理食品的方法 |
CN107760198A (zh) * | 2016-08-17 | 2018-03-06 | 上海金星包装材料有限公司 | 一种涂布剂及其制备方法,采用该涂布剂的包装盒,及包装盒的制作方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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IE904000A1 (en) | 1991-05-08 |
AU6873591A (en) | 1991-05-31 |
US5112674A (en) | 1992-05-12 |
WO1991006426A1 (en) | 1991-05-16 |
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