CN105164129B - 多晶型物形式 - Google Patents
多晶型物形式 Download PDFInfo
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- CN105164129B CN105164129B CN201480025259.XA CN201480025259A CN105164129B CN 105164129 B CN105164129 B CN 105164129B CN 201480025259 A CN201480025259 A CN 201480025259A CN 105164129 B CN105164129 B CN 105164129B
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- methyl
- amino
- pyridine
- benzyl
- bases
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- A61K31/437—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems the heterocyclic ring system containing a five-membered ring having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. indolizine, beta-carboline
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种2‑氨基‑N‑[2‑(3a‑(R)‑苄基‑2‑甲基‑3‑氧代‑2,3,3a,4,6,7‑六氢‑吡唑并[4,3‑c]吡啶‑5‑基)‑1‑(R)‑苄氧基甲基‑2‑氧代‑乙基]‑异丁酰胺L‑酒石酸盐的新型晶体形式。更具体而言,本发明涉及一种多晶型物形式,进一步地涉及该多晶型物形式的制备方法、含有该多晶型物形式的组合物及其用途。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺的新型晶体形式。更具体而言,本发明涉及一种化合物的L-酒石酸盐的多晶型物形式,进一步地涉及该多晶型物的制备方法、及含有该多晶型物形式的组合物及用途。
背景技术
WO97/024369中,将化合物2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺作为生长激素促分泌素、及生长激素释放肽受体激动活性进行了公开。该化合物被命名为卡普瑞林(capromorelin),并已在临床阶段发展。在EP-1031575中也公开了该化合物的合成方法。
然而,无论2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺的晶体还是其他晶型的混合物均未被公众所知。
以往技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:WO97/024369
专利文献2:EP-1031575
发明的概要
发明要解决的技术课题
从包括药物的制剂及制备在内的各种观点来看,作为当业者,在医药品开发中,晶体或晶型的发现或制备一直是理想目标(参见Byrn S.R.et al.,Solid-State Chemistryof Drugs 2nd ed.,pp3-43and 461-503,1999,SSCI,Inc.)。
鉴于上述事实,从辉瑞公司在1997年公开2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺化合物至今(WO97/024369),为了发现或制备该化合物的晶体或晶型而付出了巨大的努力。
然而,尽管付出了巨大的努力,仍未能确定该化合物的药学上合适的晶型。
进行彻底和细心的研究的结果,本发明的发明者们成功的找出了晶体的制备条件,从而根据上述条件,能够提供期待已久的上述化合物即L-酒石酸盐的晶型(多晶型物形式I)。
如在本发明的实施例中所公开,确定了多晶型物形式I。
本发明的目的在于,提供用于容易、经济且可再生地制备具有稳定效能的药物制剂的2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺的药学上合适的晶型。本晶型的过滤性、操作处理的容易性、纯度调节的容易性、稳定性及非吸湿性等均比想像更优异。另一方面,本发明的另一目的在于,提供上述多晶型物形式的制备方法、含有多晶型物形式的组合物、及用途。
用于解决技术课题的手段
因此,本发明提供:
[1]一种2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺L-酒石酸盐多晶型物形式I,其通过照射Cu-Kα(Cu-Ka)射线而获得的粉末X射线衍射图(PXRD)在2-θ°4.4、10.2、12.5、13.2、13.7、16.4、16.6、18.5、19.3及21.7±0.2处具有主峰。
[2]根据[1]所述的2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺L-酒石酸盐多晶型物形式I,其还通过差示扫描量热法(DSC),在约177℃显示出吸热现象。
[3]根据[1]或[2]所述的2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺L-酒石酸盐多晶型物形式I,其红外(IR)光谱(KBr)在3349、3107、3036、2983、2870、2770、2526、1705、1662、1625、1531、1454、1442、1220、1132、1109、1089、及704±2cm-1的位置显示出吸收谱带。
[4]一种药物组合物,同时含有根据[1]和[2]中任一项所述的2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺L-酒石酸盐多晶型物形式I、及1种以上的药学上可接受的赋形剂。
[5]根据[1]至[3]中任一项所述的2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺L-酒石酸盐多晶型物形式I,其用作药剂。
[6]一种根据[1]至[3]中任一项所述的2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺L-酒石酸盐多晶型物形式I或根据[4]所述的药物组合物在制备药剂中的用途,其中,该药剂用于治愈性治疗、姑息治疗或预防性治疗由生长激素释放肽受体激动活性介导的疾病。
[7]一种治疗由生长激素释放肽受体活性介导的疾病的方法,所述方法包含将有效量的[1]至[3]中任一项中所述的2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺L-酒石酸盐多晶型物形式I、或[4]中所述的药,物组合物给药于需要治疗的包含人在内的动物。
[8]一种制备根据[1]至[3]任一项所述的2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺多晶型物形式I的方法,其包括在L-酒石酸包含于醇,优选包含于甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇,进一步优选包含于甲醇及异丙醇的条件下,将2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺L-酒石酸盐暴露于有机溶剂中且优选暴露于乙酸乙酯的步骤。
[9]一种制备根据[1]至[3]中任一项所述的2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺L-酒石酸盐多晶型物形式I的方法,其包括在L-酒石酸包含于甲醇(methanol)或异丙醇的条件下,将2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺暴露于乙酸乙酯的步骤。
[10]一种制备根据[1]至[3]中任一项所述的2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺L-酒石酸盐多晶型物形式I的方法,其包括将2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺暴露于选自甲醇、乙醇及异丙醇中的醇的步骤。
[11]一种制备根据[10]所述的2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺L-酒石酸盐多晶型物形式I的方法,其包括将2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺暴露于甲醇或异丙醇的步骤。
发明效果
如上所述,从包含药物的制剂及制备在内的多种观点来看,本发明的目的在于,发现或制备具有比想像更优异的物理化学性质的药品开发用的结晶或晶型。现已惊奇地发现,本发明通过提供被称作多晶型物形式I的2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺L-酒石酸盐的晶型多晶型物形式I,可以实现这个目的。
尽管本领域技术人员付出了巨大的努力,但仍未找到上述化合物的药学上合适的晶型。
本发明的多晶型物形式均具有比在专利文献WO97/024369中所公开的白色固体更优异且意想不到的优势。发现多晶型物形式I比在专利文献WO97/024369中所公开的固体更稳定。
而且,还发现了本发明的多晶型物形式符合大规模的合成的事实。所述多晶型物形式具有符合固体-剂型的开发的固体性质。
附图说明
图1表示2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺L-酒石酸盐多晶型物形式I的PXRD图。
具体实施方式
因此,本发明提供一种结晶性的2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺L-酒石酸盐多晶型物形式I,其通过照射Cu-Ka射线而获得的粉末X射线衍射图(PXRD)在2-θ°4.4、10.2、12.5、13.2、13.7、16.4、16.6、18.5、19.3及21.7±0.2处具有主峰。
所述2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺L-酒石酸盐多晶型物形式I,其还通过差示扫描量热法(DSC),在约177℃显示出吸热现象。
所述多晶型物形式I,其红外(IR)光谱(KBr)在3349、3107、3036、2983、2870、2770、2526、1705、1662、1625、1531、1454、1442、1220、1132、1109、1089、及704±2cm-1的位置显示出吸收谱带。
根据本发明另一方面,提供一种能够用作药剂的本发明中的2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺L-酒石酸盐多晶型物形式I。
根据本发明的另一方面,提供一种本发明的2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺L-酒石酸盐多晶型物形式I的用途,所述用途为用于制备在由生长激素释放肽受体激动剂介导的任何疾病的治疗、特别是用于1)胃肠道病症、2)具有食欲不振、食欲减退的特征或导致食物摄入量减少的疾病、3)与胃酸分泌有关的疾病的治愈性治疗、预防性治疗或姑息治疗的药剂。
胃肠道病症可选自与术后肠梗阻、胃轻瘫、阿片类药物引起的肠道功能障碍、慢性假性肠梗阻、急性结肠假性梗阻(奥格维氏症候群)、肠道运动功能障碍、短肠综合症、呕吐、便秘型肠易激综合症(IBS)、慢性便秘、机能性消化不良、与癌症相关的消化不良综合症、移植物抗宿主病、胃排空延迟或其他病症相伴的胃肠功能失调或胃排空延迟;在重症监护情况下发生的胃肠道运动功能障碍或胃排空延迟;及因药物治疗引起的胃肠功能失调或胃排空延迟、胃食管返流疾病(GERD)、胃溃疡、肠胃炎、克隆氏症。
具有食欲不振、食欲减退的特征或导致食品摄入量减少的疾病可为恶病质。其中,该恶病质由癌症、慢性心力衰竭、获得性免疫缺陷综合症(AIDS)、肾脏疾病、肌营养不良或老化引起。
作为与高胃酸分泌有关的疾病可举出胃酸缺乏症。
作为另一方面,是治疗由生长激素释放肽受体激动剂介导的任何疾病的方法,尤其是1)胃肠道病症、2)具有食欲不振、食欲减退的特征,或导致食品摄入量减少的疾病、及3)与高胃酸分泌相关的疾病的治愈性治疗、预防性治疗或姑息治疗方法,所述方法包括将治疗有效量的本发明的2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺L-酒石酸盐多晶型物形式I给药于需要治疗的包含人在内的动物的方法。
本发明的2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺L-酒石酸盐多晶型物形式I在由生长激素释放肽受体激动活性介导的疾病的常规治疗中有效。
本发明的2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺L-酒石酸盐多晶型物形式I还在选自1)胃肠道病症、2)具有食欲不振、食欲减退的特征或导致食品摄入量减少的疾病、及3)与高胃酸分泌相关的疾病的治疗中有效。
作为制备2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺的合成途径,记载于WO97/024369及以下实施例。
2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺L-酒石酸盐多晶型物形式I能够通过添加L-酒石酸盐的醇例如甲醇溶液,并将2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺从添加于乙酸乙酯等有机溶剂的溶液中结晶化来制备。
能够将含有乙酸乙酯等羧酸酯的有机溶剂、及甲醇、乙醇及异丙醇等醇用于多晶型物形式I的结晶化。
本发明的2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺L-酒石酸盐多晶型物形式I能够单独、或与1种以上的药物(或其任意药物组合物)一起给药。通常作为与1种以上的药学上可接受的赋形剂组合的制剂而给药。这里的“赋形剂”是指本发明的化合物以外的成分。
赋形剂的选择范围将在很大程度上取决于独特的给药方式、赋形剂对于溶解性和稳定性的影响、及给药剂型的性质等因素。
因此,根据本发明的另一方面,提供一种具有2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺L-酒石酸盐多晶型物形式I、及1种以上的合适的赋形剂的药物组合物。该组合物适合于由生长激素释放肽受体活性介导的疾病的治疗。
对于本发明的2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺L-酒石酸盐多晶型物形式I的重量纯度虽没有限制,但在本发明的特定的实施形态中,优选使用基本上纯的多晶型物形式。
为了避免引起疑问,这里所说“基本上纯”是指至少90重量%的纯度。“基本上纯”指进一步优选至少95重量%的纯度,更进一步优选至少98重量%的纯度。在本说明书中的“治疗”包括治愈性治疗、姑息治疗或预防性治疗。
给药于非人类的动物时,本说明书中的“制药(pharmaceutical)”能够以“兽药(veterinary)”来代替。
对于本领域技术人员来说,适合于递送本发明的多晶型物的药物组合物及其制备方法是显而易见的。例如,该些组合物及其制备方法可参见由Rolf Hilfiker发表的Remington’s Pharmaceutical Sciences,第19版(Mack出版公司,1995);Polymorphism:Inthe Pharmaceutical Industry(John Wiley&Sons,2006)。
口服给药
本发明的多晶型物形式I可口服给药。口服给药包括使化合物进入胃肠道的吞咽、和/或使化合物直接从嘴进入到血液中的口腔含化给药、舌给药或舌下给药。
适合于口服给药的制剂包括如片剂之类的固体、半固体和液体系统;含有多个颗粒或含有纳米颗粒、液体或粉末的软胶囊或硬胶囊;锭剂(包括充液型);咀嚼物;胶体;快速分散剂型;薄膜;胚珠;喷雾剂;及颊部贴片或粘膜粘着贴片。
液体制剂包括悬浮液、溶液、糖浆和酏剂。该些制剂可以用作软胶囊或硬胶囊(例如由凝胶或羟丙基甲基纤维素制备)中的填充剂,并且通常包括如水、乙醇、聚乙二醇、丙二醇、甲基纤维素或合适的油等载体、及1种以上的乳化剂和/或悬浮剂。液体剂型还可通过固体的复溶来制备,例如药囊中的固体复溶。
本发明的多晶型物形式I还可用于如在Liang和Chen(2001)著Expert Opinion inTherapeutic Patents,H(6),981-986中所记载的速溶剂型、快速崩解剂型。
当为片剂剂型时,根据剂量的不同,药物可占剂型的1重量%~80重量%、更通常占剂型的5重量%~60重量%。除了药物,片剂通常含有崩解剂。崩解剂的例子包括羟基乙酸淀粉钠、羧甲基纤维素钠、羧甲基纤维素钙、交联羧甲基纤维素钠、交聚维酮、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、甲基纤维素、微晶纤维素、低级烷基取代的羟丙基纤维素、淀粉、预凝胶化淀粉和藻酸钠。通常,崩解剂占剂型的1重量%~25重量%,优选占5重量%~20重量%。
粘合剂通常用于对片剂剂型赋予粘性。合适的粘合剂包括微晶纤维素、凝胶、糖类、聚乙二醇、天然的和合成的树胶、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、预凝胶化淀粉、羟丙基纤维素和羟丙基甲基纤维素。片剂可以含有乳糖(一水合物、喷雾干燥的一水合物、无水的等)、甘露醇、木糖醇、葡萄糖、蔗糖、山梨醇、微晶纤维素、淀粉及磷酸氢二钙二水合物等稀释剂。
片剂还可以任意包含如十二烷基硫酸钠、聚山梨醇酯80等表面活性剂、及二氧化硅和滑石等助流剂。当含有表面活性剂和助流剂时,表面活性剂可占片剂的0.2重量%~5重量%,助流剂可中片剂的0.2重量%~1重量%。
片剂通常还含有如硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸锌、硬脂酰醇富马酸钠、及硬脂酸镁与月桂基硫酸钠的混合物等润滑剂。润滑剂通常占片剂的0.25重量%~10重量%,优选占0.5重量%~3重量%。作为其他可含有成分,包括抗氧化剂、着色剂、调味剂、防腐剂及遮味剂。
示例性的片剂含有高达约80%的药物、约10重量%~90重量%的粘合剂、约0重量%~约85重量%的稀释剂、约2重量%~约10重量%的崩解剂、及约0.25重量%~约10重量%的润滑剂。
片剂混合物可被直接压缩或通过滚筒压缩来形成片剂。对于片剂混合物或混合物的一部分,在压片前可选择性的被湿式、干式或熔融粒化、熔融凝结或挤压。最终制剂可含有1个以上的层,且可以被涂覆或未被涂覆,甚至可以被胶囊封装。
该片剂制剂论述于H.Lieberman和L.Lachman发表的Pharmaceutical DosageForms:Tablets,Vol.1(Marcel Dekker,纽约,1980)、及Larry L.Augsburger和HoagW.Stephen发表的Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms:Tablets,Third Edition,Volume 2:Rational Design和Formulation(Informa Healthcare,Published June 2008)。
人类或兽类用的可口服消耗性膜通常为柔软的水溶性或水可溶胀性的薄膜剂型,该薄膜剂型可快速溶解或粘膜粘着,且通常包含根据本发明的多晶型物形式、成膜聚合物、粘合剂、溶剂、保湿剂、增塑剂、稳定剂或乳化剂、粘度改性剂和溶剂。制剂的部分成分可发挥1种以上的功能。
本发明的多晶型物形式I可为水溶性也可为非水溶性。水溶性化合物通常占溶质的1重量%~80重量%,更常见占20重量%~50重量%。水溶性较低的化合物占组合物的较大部分,通常高达溶质的88重量%。本发明的多晶型物形式I也可为多颗粒状的小球(bead)的形态。
成膜聚合物可选自天然多糖类、蛋白质或合成的水胶体,并且通常以0.01~99重量%的范围存在,更常见以30~80重量%的范围存在。
其他可能成分包括,可举出抗氧化剂、着色剂、调味剂和增味剂、防腐剂、唾液刺激剂、冷却剂、共溶剂(包括油)、软化剂、填充剂、消泡剂、表面活性剂和遮味剂等。
根据本发明的薄膜,通常能够通过将涂布到可剥离的护背、或纸面上的水性薄膜蒸发干燥来制备。
所述蒸发干燥可在干燥烘箱或烘干隧道中完成,通常使用涂布烘干机,或通过冷冻干燥或真空处理来实现。
用于口服给药的固体制剂可配制成立即释放和/或改良释放。改良释放制剂包括延迟释放制剂、持续释放制剂、脉冲释放制剂、受控释放制剂、靶向释放制剂、及程序化释放制剂。
关于符合本发明的目的的改良释放制剂,记载于美国专利第6,106,864号。高能分散和渗透及包覆颗粒等其他释放法的详细内容参见Verma et a/.著PharmaceuticalTechnology On-line,25(2),1-14(2001)。关于使用口香糖来实现受控释放的情况,记载于WO00/35298。
肠胃外给药
本发明的多晶型物形式I可直接给药于血液、肌肉或内脏器官中。用于肠胃外给药的适当的方法包括静脉内给药、动脉内给药、腹膜腔内给药、鞘内给药、心室内给药、尿道内给药、胸骨内给药、颅内给药、肌肉内给药、滑膜内给药及皮下给药。用于肠胃外给药的适当的装置包括针头(包括微针)注射器、无针注射器和输注技术。
肠胃外制剂通常为含有如盐、糖类及缓冲剂(优选pH为3~9)等赋形剂的水溶液,但有时更适合配制成无菌非水溶液或与无菌,无热原的水等适合的载体一起使用的干燥形态。
例如,通过冻干法在无菌条件下制备肠胃外制剂时,能够使用本领域技术人员所熟知的标准制药技术来轻松地完成。
肠胃外制剂能够配制成立即释放和/或改良释放制剂。改良释放制剂包括延迟释放制剂、持续释放制剂、脉冲释放制剂、受控释放制剂、靶向释放制剂、及程序化释放制剂。因此,本发明的多晶型物形式I可以配制成用于给药的悬浮液或固体、半固体或触变性液体作为提供活性化合物的改良释放的输入储藏库(implanted depot)。作为上述制剂,例如可举出药物涂层支架、及含有载药聚(乳酸-共-乙酯酸)(PLGA)微球的半固体及悬浮液。
局部给药
本发明的多晶型物形式I可对于皮肤或粘膜进行局部给药、皮肤给药或经皮给药。作为用于所述目的典型的制剂,包括胶体、水凝胶、洗液、溶液、霜剂、软膏、隔离剂、敷料剂、泡沫、薄膜、皮肤贴片、晶片、埋植剂、海绵、纤维、绷带及微乳液。还可使用脂质体。典型的载体包括醇、水、矿物油、液体矿脂、白凡士林、甘油、聚乙二醇和丙二醇。亦可并用渗透促进剂,参见例如[J Pharm Sci,88(10),955-958,由Finnin和Morgan发表(1999年10月)]。
作为其他局部给药方法,例如可举出通过电穿孔、离子电渗、超声透入、超声促渗和微针或无针(例如Powderject(商标)、Bioject(商标)等)注射。局部给药还可使用如透皮离子电渗贴片等贴片来实现。
用于局部给药的制剂可以配制成立即释放和/或改良释放制剂。改良释放制剂包括延迟释放制剂、持续释放制剂、脉冲释放制剂、受控释放制剂、靶向释放制剂、及程序化释放制剂。
本发明的多晶型物形式I通常还能够以干粉吸入器中的干燥粉末的形态(在含有乳糖的干燥混合物中单独地作为混合物,或作为与如卵磷脂等磷脂混合的混合成分的颗粒)鼻内给药或通过吸入给药,还能够作为压力容器、泵、喷射器、雾化器(优选以电流体力学产生细雾的雾化器)或喷雾器中的喷雾剂给药,此时可与合适的推进剂一同使用,也可不一同使用,合适的推进剂例如为1,1,1,2-四氟乙烷或1,1,1,2,3,3,3-七氟丙烷,或者,也可作为滴鼻剂给药。鼻内使用时,粉末可包含例如壳聚糖或环糊精等生物粘附剂。
压力容器、泵、喷射器、雾化器或喷雾器包括根据本发明的其他多晶型物形式的溶液或悬浮液,所述溶液和悬浮液包括乙醇、乙醇水溶液,或用于活性剂的分散、增溶或延长释放的合适的替代剂、作为溶剂的推进物、及根据需要而含有的如去水山梨糖醇三油酸酯、油酸或低聚乳酸等表面活性剂。
在使用干燥粉末或悬浮液制剂前,使药物产品微粉化成适合于吸入递送的大小(通常小于5μm)。能够通过任何适当的粉碎方法例如螺旋喷流粉碎、流化床气流粉碎、形成纳米颗粒的超临界流体工序、高压均化、或喷雾干燥等方法来实施微粉化。
用于吸入器、吹入器的胶囊剂(由例如明胶或羟丙基甲基纤维素制备)、水泡及药筒制备成含有本发明的化合物的粉末混合物、乳糖或淀粉等合适的粉末基质及亮氨酸、甘露醇或硬脂酸镁等性能改性剂。乳糖可以为无水或一水合物形态,优选后者。作为其他适合的赋形剂,可举出葡聚糖、葡萄糖、麦芽糖、山梨醇、木糖醇、果糖、蔗糖及海藻糖。
适合于应用电流体力学的雾化器来形成细雾的溶液制剂的每启动一次含有1μg~20mg的本发明的化合物,且启动体积在1μL~100μL的范围内。典型的制剂由根据本发明的多晶型物形式、丙二醇、无菌水、乙醇和氯化钠构成。作为能够代替丙二醇使用的溶剂,可举出甘油和聚乙二醇。
在用于吸入给药/经鼻给药的本发明的制剂中,可添加薄荷醇、左薄荷脑等合适的调味剂、或糖精、糖精钠等甜味剂。
吸入给药/经鼻给药用制剂可以通过立即释放和/或改良释放并使用例如PLGA来制备。改良释放制剂包括延迟释放制剂、持续释放制剂、脉冲释放制剂、受控制剂、靶向释放制剂、及程序化释放制剂。
当为干粉吸入器和气雾剂的情况下,剂量单位由提供定量的阀来决定。根据本发明的单位通常用于给药含有1μg~20mg的2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺L-酒石酸盐多晶型物形式I的定量或“吸入量(puff)”。日剂量通常为1μg~100mg,可1次全量给药,或更通常分几次给药。
直肠给药/阴道内给药
本发明的多晶型物形式I例如可以以栓剂、阴道栓或灌肠剂的形态通过直肠或阴道给药。可可油为传统的栓剂基料,但是根据需要可以使用各种替代剂。
用于直肠给药/阴道内给药的制剂可通过立即释放和/或改良释放来制备。改良释放制剂包括延迟释放制剂、持续释放制剂、脉冲释放制剂、受控制剂、靶向释放制剂、及程序化释放制剂。
眼部给药/耳部给药
本发明的多晶型物形式I还可以直接给药于眼部或耳部,通常以等渗的使用pH调节型无菌盐生理盐水的微粉化悬浮液或溶液的液滴的形式,直接给药。适于眼部给药和耳部给药的其他剂型包括软膏剂、凝胶、生物可降解的(例如可吸收的凝胶、海绵、胶原蛋白)和非生物可降解的(例如硅酮)埋植剂、晶片、镜片和颗粒或囊泡体系(例如类脂囊泡或脂质体)。诸如交联的聚丙烯酸、聚乙烯醇、透明质酸、纤维素聚合物(例如羟丙基甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素或甲基纤维素)或杂多糖聚合物(例如吉兰糖胶)之类的聚合物可以与诸如苯扎氯铵之类的防腐剂一起混入。该些剂型还可以通过离子电渗来递送。
用于眼部/耳部给药的制剂可以配制成立即释放和/或改良释放。改良释放制剂包括延迟释放制剂、持续释放制剂、脉冲释放制剂、受控释放制剂、靶向释放制剂、及程序化释放制剂。
其他技术
本发明的多晶型物形式I可以与可溶性大分子实体(例如环糊精及其合适的衍生物或含有聚乙二醇的聚合物)结合,以改善在上述任1种给药模式中使用时的其溶解性、溶解速度、味道掩蔽、生物利用度和/或稳定性。
例如,发现药物-环糊精复合物通常在大多数剂型和给药途径中有用。包合物和非包合物均可被使用。作为直接与药物络合的代替方案,环糊精可以用作辅助添加剂,亦即可作为载体、稀释剂或增溶剂。通常用于该些目的的大多数环糊精为α-环糊精、β-环糊精和γ-环糊精,这些环糊精的例子可以在国际专利申请WO91/11172、WO94/02518、WO98/55148、及[Evrard,B.,等人,Journal of Controlled Release96(3),403-410页,2004]中查看。
剂量
为了治疗或预防由生长激素释放肽受体活性介导的疾病,本发明的多晶型物形式I的合适的剂量水平约为0.0001~1000mg/天的活性化合物,优选约0.001~100mg/天的活性化合物,进一步优选约0.005~50mg/天的活性化合物,更进一步优选约1~50mg/天的活性化合物。所述化合物可以每天分成1~4次给药。然而,在一些情况下,可给药超过上述上限量的剂量。
所述剂量以体重约60kg~70kg的普通人类受治者为标准。医生能够容易地确定体重在该范围的外的受治者例如婴儿和老人的剂量。为了避免产生疑问,这里所说的“治疗”包括治愈性治疗、姑息治疗和预防性治疗。
尤其是为了治疗由生长激素释放肽受体活性介导的疾病,本发明的多晶型物形式I还可以任意与另一药学上的活性化合物联合使用,或者与两种以上其他药学上的活性化合物联合使用。例如,如上所定义,本发明的多晶型物形式I可以与1种以上药剂联合来同时给药、顺序给药或分开给药,所述1种以上药剂选自以下:
阿片类镇痛药,例如吗啡、海洛因、氢吗啡酮、氧吗啡酮、羟甲左吗喃、烯丙左吗喃、美沙酮、哌替啶、芬太尼、可卡因、可待因、双氢可待因、羟考酮、氢可酮、丙氧酚、纳美芬、纳洛芬、纳洛酮、纳曲酮、丁丙诺菲、布托啡诺、纳布啡或戊唑辛;
非甾体类抗炎药物(NSAID),例如阿司匹林、双氯芬酸、二氟尼柳、依托度酸、芬布芬、非诺洛芬、氟苯沙酸、氟联苯丙酸、布洛芬、印甲新、酮基布洛芬、酮咯酸、甲氯灭酸、甲灭酸、美洛昔康、萘普酮、萘普生、尼美舒利、硝基氟比洛芬、奥沙拉嗪、噁丙嗪、苯基丁氮酮、吡罗昔康、柳氮磺胺吡啶、舒林酸、托美丁或佐美酸;
巴比妥类镇静剂,例如异戊巴比妥、阿普比妥、仲丁巴比妥、布他比妥、甲苯巴比妥、美沙比妥、美索比妥、戊巴比妥、苯巴比妥、司可巴比妥、他布酮、硫戊巴比妥或戊硫代巴比妥;
具有镇静作用的苯二氮类药物,例如氯氮卓、氯拉卓酸、地西泮、氟胺安定、劳拉西泮、奥沙西泮、替马西泮或三唑仑;
具有镇静作用的Hl拮抗剂,例如苯海拉明、吡拉明、异丙嗪、氯屈米或氯环嗪;
镇静剂,例如格鲁米特、甲丙氨酯、安眠酮或氯醛比林;
骨骼肌肉松弛剂,例如巴氯芬、卡立普多、氯唑沙宗、环苯扎林、美索巴莫或奥芬那君;
NMDA受体拮抗剂,例如右美沙芬((+)-3-羟基-N-甲基吗啡喃)或其代谢物右啡烷((+)-3-羟基-N-甲基吗啡喃)、克他命、美金刚、吡咯喹啉醌、顺-4-(膦酰基甲基)-2-甲酸哌啶、布地品、EN-3231(MorphiDex(注册商标)、吗啡和右美沙芬的组合制剂)、托吡酯、奈拉美生(neramexane)或包括NR2B拮抗剂在内的培净福太(perzinfotel),例如艾芬地尔、曲索罗地或(-)-(R)-6-{2-[4-(3-氟苯基)-4-羟基-1-哌啶基]-1-羟乙基-3,4-二氢-2(1H)-喹啉酮;
α-肾上腺素,例如多沙唑嗪、坦索罗辛、氯压定、胍法新、右美托咪定、莫达非尼或4-氨基-6,7-二甲氧基-2-(5-甲烷-磺酰胺基-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉-2-基)-5-(2-吡啶基)喹唑啉;
三环类抗抑郁剂,例如地昔帕明、丙咪嗪、阿米替林或去甲替林;
抗惊厥剂,例如卡马西平、拉莫三嗪、托吡酯或丙戊酸盐;
速激肽(NK)拮抗剂,具体为NK-3、NK-2或NK-1拮抗剂,例如(αR,9R)-7-[3,5-双(三氟甲基)苄基]-8,9,10,11-四氢-9-甲基-5-(4-甲基苯基)-7H-[l,4]二氮芳辛[2,1-g][1,7]-二氮杂萘-6-13-二酮(TAK-637)、5-[[(2R,3S)-2-[(lR)-l-[3,5-双(三氟甲基)苯基]乙氧基-3-(4-氟苯基)-4-吗啉基]甲基]-1,2-二氢-3H-1,2,4-三唑-3-酮(MK-869)、阿瑞匹坦、拉奈匹坦、达匹坦或3-[[2-甲氧基-5-(三氟甲氧基)苯基]-甲基氨基]-2-苯基哌啶(2S,3S);
毒蕈碱拮抗剂,例如奥昔布宁、托特罗定、丙哌维林、曲司氯铵、达非那新、索非那新、替米维林和异丙托铵;
C0X-2选择性抑制剂,例如塞来考昔、罗非考昔、帕瑞考昔、伐地考昔、地拉考昔、艾托考昔或罗美昔布;
煤焦油镇痛剂,具体为扑热息痛;
精神抑制药,例如氟哌利多、氯丙嗪、氟哌啶醇、奋乃静、甲硫哒嗪、美索达嗪、三氟啦嗪、氟非那嗪、氯氮平、奥氮平、利培酮、齐拉西酮、奎硫平、施立碟、阿立哌唑、索奈哌唑、布南色林、伊潘立酮、哌罗匹隆、雷氯必利、佐替平、联苯芦诺、阿莫沙平、鲁拉西酮、氨磺必利、巴拉皮利酮(balaperidone)、帕林朵(palindore)、依利色林、奥沙奈坦、利莫那班、美兰那坦、Miraxion(注册商标)或沙立佐坦;
辣椒素受体激动剂(例如树胶脂毒素)或拮抗剂(例如抗辣椒碱);
瞬时受体电位阳离子通道亚型(V1、V2、V3、V4、M8、A1)激动剂或拮抗剂;
β-肾上腺能,例如普萘洛尔;
局部麻醉剂,例如美西律;
皮质类固醇,例如地塞米松;
5-HT受体激动剂或拮抗剂,具体为5-HT1B/1D激动剂,例如依立曲坦、舒马曲坦、那拉曲坦、佐米曲坦或利扎曲坦;
5-HT2A受体拮抗剂,例如R(+)-α-(2,3-二甲氧基-苯基)-1-[2-(4-氯苯乙基)]-4-哌啶甲醇(MDL-100907);
胆碱能(烟碱酸)镇痛剂,例如异丙克兰(TC-1734)、(E)-N-甲基-4-(3-吡啶基)-3-丁稀-1-胺(RJR-2403)、(R)-5-(2-氮杂环丁烷甲氧基)-2-氯吡啶(ABT-594)或尼古丁;
Tramadol(注册商标);
PDEV抑制剂,例如5-[2-乙氧基-5-(4-甲基-1-哌嗪基-磺酰基)苯基]-1-甲基-3-n-丙基-1,6-二氢-7H-吡唑[4,3-d]嘧啶-7-酮(昔多芬)、(6R,12aR)-2,3,6,7,12,12a-六氢-2-甲基-6-(3,4-亚甲二氧基苯基)-吡嗪并[2’,1’:6,1]-吡啶并[3,4-b]吲哚-1,4-二酮(IC-351或他达拉非)、2-[2-乙氧基-5-(4-乙基-哌嗪-1-基-1-磺酰基)-苯基]-5-甲基-7-丙基-3H-咪唑并[5,1-f][1,2,4]三嗪-4-酮(伐地那非)、5-(5-乙酰基-2-丁氧基-3-吡啶基)-3-乙基-2-(1-乙基-3-氮杂环丁烷基)-2,6-二氢-7H-吡唑并[4,3-d]嘧啶-7-酮、5-(5-乙酰基-2-丙氧基-3-吡啶基)-3-乙基-2-(1-异丙基-3-氮杂环丁烷基)-2,6-二氢-7H-吡唑并[4,3-d]嘧啶-7-酮、5-[2-乙氧基-5-(4-乙基哌嗪-1-基磺酰基)吡啶-3-基]-3-乙基-2-[2-甲氧基乙基]-2,6-二氢-7H-吡唑并[4,3-d]嘧啶-7-酮、4-[(3-氯-4-甲氧基苄基)氨基]-2-[(2S)-2-(羟甲基)吡咯烷-1-基]-N-(嘧啶-2-基甲基)嘧啶-5-羧酰胺、3-(1-甲基-7-氧-3-丙基-6,7-二氢-1H-吡唑并[4,3-d]嘧啶-5-基)-N-[2-(1-甲基吡咯烷-2-基)乙基]-4-丙氧基苯磺酰胺;
α-2-δ配体,例如加巴喷丁、普加巴林、3-甲基加巴喷丁、(lα,3α,5α)(3-氨基-甲基-双环[3.2.0]庚-3-基)-乙酸、(3S,5R)-3氨基甲基-5甲基-庚酸、(3S,5R)-3氨基-5-甲基-庚酸、(3S,5R)-3氨基-5甲基辛酸、(2S,4S)-4-(3-氯苯氧基)脯氨酸、(2S,4S)-4-(3-氟代苄基)-脯氨酸、[(1R,5R,6S)-6-(氨基甲基)双环[3.2.0]庚-6-基]乙酸、3-(1-氨基甲基-环己基甲基)-4H-[l,2,4]二唑-5-酮、C-[1-(1H-四唑-5-基甲基)-环庚基]-甲胺、(3S,4S)-(1-氨基甲基-3,4-二甲基-环戊基)-醋酸、(3S,5R)-3氨基甲基-5甲基-辛酸、(3S,5R)-3氨基-5甲基-壬酸、(3S,5R)-3氨基-5甲基-辛酸、(3R,4R,5R)-3-氨基-4,5-二甲基庚酸以及(3R,4R,5R)-3-氨基-4,5-二甲基-辛酸;
大麻素;
促代谢谷氨酸亚型1受体(mGluR1)拮抗剂;
血清素再吸收抑制剂,例如舍曲林、舍曲林代谢物去甲基舍曲林、氟西汀、诺氟西汀(氟西汀去甲基代谢物)、氟伏沙明、帕罗西汀、西酞普兰、西酞普兰代谢物去甲基西酞普兰、依他普仑、d,l-氟苯丙胺、非莫西汀、伊福西汀、氰基度硫平、利托西汀、达泊西汀、奈法唑酮、西文氯胺和曲拉唑酮;
去甲肾上腺素再吸收抑制剂,例如马普替林、洛非帕明、米氮平、羟丙替林、非唑拉明、托莫西汀、米塞林、安非他酮、安非他酮代谢物羟基安非他酮、诺米芬新和维洛沙嗪(Vivalan(注册商标)),尤其是选择性去甲肾上腺素再吸收抑制剂,例如瑞波西汀,具体为(S,S)-瑞波西汀;
双血清素-去甲肾上腺素再吸收抑制剂,例如文拉法辛、文拉法辛代谢物O-去甲基文拉法辛、氯米帕明、氯米帕明代谢物去甲基氯米帕明、度洛西汀、米那普伦和丙咪嗪;
可诱导的一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)抑制剂,例如
S-[2-[(1-亚氨基乙基)氨基]乙基]-L-高半胱氨酸、
S-[2-[(1-亚氨基乙基)-氨基]乙基]-4,4-二氧代-L-半胱氨酸、
S-[2-[(1-亚氨基乙基)氨基]乙基]-2-甲基-L-半胱氨酸、
(2S,5Z)-2-氨基-2-甲基-7-[(1-亚氨基乙基)氨基]-5-庚烯酸、
2-[[(1R,3S)-3-氨基-4-羟基-1-(5-噻唑基)-丁基]硫代]-5-氯代-3-吡啶腈、
2-[[(1R,3S)-3-氨基-4-羟基-1-(5-噻唑基)丁基]硫代]-4-氯苯腈、
(2S,4R)-2-氨基-4-[[2-氯代-5-(三氟甲基)苯基]硫代]-5-噻唑丁醇、
2-[[(1R,3S)-3-氨基-4-羟基-1-(5-噻唑基)丁基]硫代]-6-(三氟甲基)-3吡啶腈、
2-[[(1R,3S)-3-氨基-4-羟基-1-(5-噻唑基)丁基]硫代]-5-氯苯腈、
N-[4-[2-(3-氯苄基氨基)乙基]苯基]塞吩-2-甲脒、或胍基乙基二硫化物;
乙酰基胆碱酯酶抑制剂,例如多奈哌齐;
前列腺素E2亚型4(EP4)拮抗剂,例如N-[({2-[4-(2-乙基-4,6-二甲基-1H-咪唑并[4,5-c]吡啶-1-基)苯基]乙基}氨基)羰基]-4-甲基苯磺酰胺或4-[(1S)-1-({[5-氯-2-(3-氟代苯氧基)吡啶-3-基]羰基}氨基)乙基]苯甲酸;
白三烯B4拮抗剂,例如1-(3-联苯基-4-基甲基-4-羟基-色满-7-基)-环戊烷羧酸(CP-105696)、5-[2-(2-羧乙基)-3-[6-(4-甲氧基苯基)-5E-己烯基]氧苯氧基]-戍酸(0N0-4057)或DPC-11870;
5-脂氧合酶抑制剂,例如齐留通、6-[(3-氟-5-[4-甲氧基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2H-吡喃-4-基])苯氧基-甲基]-1-甲基-2-喹诺酮(ZD-2138)或2,3,5-三甲基-6-(3-吡啶基甲基)、1,4-苯醌(CV-6504);
钠通道阻断剂,例如利多卡因;
钙通道阻断剂,例如齐考诺肽、唑尼沙胺、米贝地尔;
5-HT3拮抗剂,例如昂丹司琼;
化疗药物,例如奥沙利铂、5-氟尿嘧啶、亚叶酸、紫杉酚;
降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)拮抗剂;
血管舒缓激肽(BKl和BK2)拮抗剂;
电压门控钠依赖性通道阻断剂(Navl.3、Navl.7、Navl.8);
电压依赖性钙通道阻断剂(N-型、T-型);
P2X(离子通道型ATP受体)拮抗剂;
酸敏感离子通道(ASIC1a、ASIC3)拮抗剂;
血管紧张素AT2拮抗剂;
趋化因子CCR2B受体拮抗剂;
组织蛋白酶(B,S,K)抑制剂;
σ1受体激动剂或拮抗剂;
及其药学上可接受的盐以及溶剂化物。
在治疗中,该些组合提供显着的优势,包括协同活性。
组合的药物和试剂盒
本发明的一实施形态为本发明的多晶型物形式和与该多晶型物形式不同的疾病治疗用药物的组合。根据本发明的“组合”可表示为“固定组合”或“自由组合”("kit ofparts combination")。“固定组合”定义为其中(i)至少1种与本发明的多晶型物形式I不同的用于治疗疾病的药物、及(ii)本发明的多晶型物形式I存在于一个单元中的组合。“自由组合”定义为其中(i)至少1种与本发明的多晶I不同的用于治疗疾病的药物、及(ii)本发明的多晶型物形式I存在于一个以上单元中的组合。“自由组合”中的成分可同时给药、顺序给药或分开给药。与本发明的多晶型物形式不同的药物和
根据本发明的多晶型物形式I的摩尔比范围为1:100~100:1,例如1:50~50:1、或1:20~20:1、或1:10~10:1。两种药物可以以相同的比例分开给药。
本发明延伸为用于在治愈性治疗、预防性治疗或姑息治疗由生长激素释放肽受体活性介导的疾病时同时使用、分开使用、顺序使用的包含2-氨基-N-[2-3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺L-酒石酸盐多晶型物形式I、与1种以上所述制剂的组合。
{实施例}
实施例
后述的实施例仅供参考。
分析
粉末X-射线衍射(PXRD)
所述PXRD分析使用了利用Cu-Ka射线的Rigaku制RINT-TTR X射线粉末仪衍射。样品可通过使用不同温度样品架的附件在高温/低温条件下进行测量。该仪器装配有细焦X-射线管。管电压和电流分别设定为50kV和300mA。发散和散射狭缝设为0.5°,接收狭缝设为0.15mm。衍射的射线通过NaI闪烁检测器进行检测。以4°/min(步长0.02°)从3至402-θ°使用θ-2θ连续扫描。分析硅标准,以检查仪器对准。收集数据,并使用Rigaku X-射线系统进行分析。通过将样品放置在铝样品架中来制备用于分析的样品,在数据采集过程中所述铝样品架以60rpm的速度水平旋转。
热重分析/差热分析(TG/DTA)
TG/DTA使用Seiko 6200R系统来进行。将样品放置在铝TG/DTA盘中。每个样品在氮气吹扫的条件下以5℃/min的速度加热,直至最终温度成为300℃。锢金属被用作校准标准。将报告的值四舍五入,因此应将报告的值看作近似值。
差示扫描量热法(DSC)
DSC分析使用Mettler Toledo DSC822来进行。将样品放置在铝DSC盘中并准确地称重。用盖子将盘盖上,然后卷起。每个样品在氮气吹扫的条件下以5℃/min的速度加热,直至最终温度成为220℃。铟金属被用作校正标准。将报告的值四舍五入,因此应将报告的值看作近似值。
FT-IR分光法
使用Shimadzu IRPrestage-21(FT-IR)光谱仪来获得红外光谱,所述光谱仪装配有黑色涂层加热丝光束源、涂布锗的溴化钾(KBr)分光器、及高灵敏度热电探测器(DLATGS)。每个光谱代表在4cm-1的光谱分辨率条件下收集的40次共叠加扫描。样品制备包括放置通过样品和溴化钾制备的溴化钾圆盘。背景数据集通过没有样品的空白溴化钾圆盘来获得。Log MR(R=反射系数)光谱通过获取该两个数据集彼此的间的比例来获得。使用聚苯乙烯来进行波长校准。将报告的值四舍五入,因此应将报道的值看作近似值。
通过动态蒸汽吸附分析(DVS)的吸湿性研究
吸湿性研究使用表面测量系统DVS-1来进行。将样品放置在仪器的微量天平上,在25℃的情况下,监测吸附/解吸循环中的重量变化。使吸附/解析制程中的1个包括0~95%的相对湿度(RH)中的吸附扫描、及在95~10%RH中的解吸扫描。剩下1个制程包括40~95%RH中的吸附扫描和95~0%RH中的解吸扫描、及0~40%RH中的第2吸附扫描。两个制程均在将相对湿度增加5%RH的同时实施,且将样品平衡化360分钟,或在各阶段平衡化至达到平衡状态。在DVS实验结束时,通过PXRD测定样品。
核磁共振(NMR)
对于相当于内部标准的四甲基硅烷(TMS),除非另有说明,将氘代氯彷(99.8%D)或二甲亚砜(99.9%D)用作溶剂,以270MHz(JEOL JNM-LA 270分光仪)或300MHz(JEOL JNM-LA300)并以ppm为单位测量NMR数据。如s=单线、d=双重线、t=三重线、q=四重线、m=多重线及br=宽一样,使用常规缩略语。
高效液相色谱(HPLC)测定
在后述的条件下,利用装备有2996PDA检测器的Waters Alliance的2695HPLC系统来获取HPLC数据。
圆柱:Inertsil ODS-3(3μm,4.6×150mm),
洗涤液:乙腈/10mM醋酸铵=32:68,
检测:UV,在215nm
流量:1mL/min,及
柱温:40℃,
数据处理用Waters公司提供的Empower 2软件来进行。
化学符号具有通常的含义,亦即M(每1升摩尔)、L(升)、mL(毫升)、g(克)、mg(毫克)、mol(摩尔)、mmol(毫摩尔)。
实施例1
2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺的制备
本化合物根据WO97/024369中所记载的通常的方法来进行合成。
实施例2
2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺的制备
本化合物根据EP-1031575中所记载的通常的方法来进行合成。
实施例3
2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺L-酒石酸盐多晶型物形式I的制备
在乙酸乙酯中溶解通过实施例1的方法而获得的2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺(1.0摩尔当量)的混合物。用净化水萃取和/或过滤有机层。加入在甲醇中添加溶解有L-酒石酸(1.0摩尔当量)的溶液并进行混合。该溶液被加热,甲醇/乙酸乙酯通过蒸馏而被去除。添加异丙醇,并将该溶液在回流下加热而转换成所希望的多晶型物形式。分离固体并清洗后,在真空中进行干燥来生成标题化合物的盐。
使用在异丙醇中添加L-酒石酸来代替的甲醇的溶液也同样可以获得下述结晶。
m.p.(DSC起始):177℃。
由PXRD得到的结晶度:结晶(图1)。主峰存在于2-θ°:4.4、10.2、12.5、13.2、13.7、16.4、16.6、18.5、19.3及21.7处。各峰的误差范围为±0.2。
MS(FAB)m/z:506(M+H)+,在m/z421、263及244处观测到追加峰。
IR(KBr):3349、3107、3036、2983、2870、2770、2526、1705、1662、1625、1531、1454、1442、1220、1132、1109、1089及704cm-1。
C28H35N5O4C4H6O6的理论值:C、58.6;H、6.3;N、10.7。实际值:C、58.6;H、6.4;N、10.8。
实施例4
[吸湿性考察]
通过动态蒸汽吸附(DVS)分析来实施吸湿性考察的结果,多晶型物形式I在25℃、40%、80%及90%的相对湿度(RH)下,与在实施例2中所制备的化合物相比,湿度增加显示出优异的结果(<2%)。
实施例5
[稳定性考察]
使用Nagano Science公司的恒定温度/温度调整腔室LH-20-11M、LH-21-11M、LTL-200D3CJ-14或LTX-01来考察固体状态稳定性。将样品放置于腔室内,并在25℃/60%RH、40℃/75%RH的条件下暴露和/或使用氙气灯来照射。暴露或照射后,分别使用XRPD、TG/DTA或DSC、HPLC、微量天平来评价样品的晶型、热行为、纯度和/或重量变化。
多晶型物形式I与在实施例2中所制备的化合物相比更稳定。
实施例6
[溶解性考察]
多晶型物形式I在小于pH5的水性缓冲液中显示出优异的溶解性(>300mg/mL)。
实施例7
[耐光性考察]
将耐光性考察用样品保存于具有石英玻璃盖的敞开的盘中(open dishes),并将25℃/60%RH和40℃/75%RH样品的第2组保存于用纱布覆盖的圆形的开启琥珀玻璃瓶中。
简单而言,将多晶型物形式I保存3个月的结果,外观、X射线衍射图、红外光谱图均无显着变化。3个月期间,在用于考察稳定性的样品中均未观察到显着的效能损失。
Claims (12)
1.一种2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺L-酒石酸盐多晶型物形式I,其特征为,
通过照射Cu-Kα(Cu-Ka)射线而获得的粉末X射线衍射图(PXRD)在2-θ°4.4、10.2、12.5、13.2、13.7、16.4、16.6、18.5、19.3及21.7±0.2处具有主峰。
2.根据权利要求1所述的2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺L-酒石酸盐多晶型物形式I,其特征为,
通过差示扫描量热法(DSC),在177℃显示出吸热现象。
3.根据权利要求1所述的2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺L-酒石酸盐多晶型物形式I,其特征为,
红外(IR)光谱(KBr)在3349、3107、3036、2983、2870、2770、2526、1705、1662、1625、1531、1454、1442、1220、1132、1109、1089、及704±2cm-1的位置显示出吸收谱带。
4.一种药物组合物,其中,
该药物组合物同时含有根据权利要求第1至3中任一项所述的2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺L-酒石酸盐多晶型物形式I、及1种以上的药学上可接受的赋形剂。
5.一种根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺L-酒石酸盐多晶型物形式I在制备药剂中的用途,其中,
该药剂用于治愈性治疗、姑息治疗或预防性治疗由生长激素释放肽受体活性介导的疾病。
6.一种根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺L-酒石酸盐多晶型物形式I在制备药剂中的用途,其中,
该药剂用于治愈性治疗、姑息治疗或预防性治疗由生长激素释放肽受体活性介导的疾病,其中所述疾病是选自以下的至少一种:术后肠梗阻、胃轻瘫、阿片类药物引起的肠道功能障碍、慢性假性肠梗阻、急性结肠假性梗阻(奥格维氏症候群)、肠道运动功能障碍、短肠综合症、呕吐、便秘型肠易激综合症(IBS)、慢性便秘、机能性消化不良、与癌症相关的消化不良综合症、移植物抗宿主病、胃排空延迟、胃肠功能失调、胃肠道运动功能障碍、胃食管返流疾病(GERD)、胃溃疡、肠胃炎、克隆氏症、恶病质和胃酸缺乏症。
7.一种根据权利要求4所述的药物组合物在制备药剂中的用途,其中,
该药剂用于治愈性治疗、姑息治疗或预防性治疗由生长激素释放肽受体活性介导的疾病。
8.一种根据权利要求4所述的药物组合物在制备药剂中的用途,其中,
该药剂用于治愈性治疗、姑息治疗或预防性治疗由生长激素释放肽受体活性介导的疾病,其中所述疾病是选自以下的至少一种:术后肠梗阻、胃轻瘫、阿片类药物引起的肠道功能障碍、慢性假性肠梗阻、急性结肠假性梗阻(奥格维氏症候群)、肠道运动功能障碍、短肠综合症、呕吐、便秘型肠易激综合症(IBS)、慢性便秘、机能性消化不良、与癌症相关的消化不良综合症、移植物抗宿主病、胃排空延迟、胃肠功能失调、胃肠道运动功能障碍、胃食管返流疾病(GERD)、胃溃疡、肠胃炎、克隆氏症、恶病质和胃酸缺乏症。
9.一种制备根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺L-酒石酸盐多晶型物形式I的方法,其中,
所述方法包括在醇中含有L-酒石酸的条件下,在乙酸乙酯中暴露2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺的步骤。
10.一种制备根据权利要求9所述的2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺L-酒石酸盐多晶型物形式I的方法,其中,
所述方法包括在甲醇、乙醇或异丙醇中含有L-酒石酸的条件下,在乙酸乙酯中暴露2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺的步骤。
11.一种制备根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺L-酒石酸盐多晶型物形式I的方法,其中,
所述方法包括将2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺暴露于选自甲醇、乙醇及异丙醇的醇的步骤。
12.一种制备根据权利要求11所述的2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺L-酒石酸盐多晶型物形式I的方法,其中,
所述方法包括将2-氨基-N-[2-(3a-(R)-苄基-2-甲基-3-氧代-2,3,3a,4,6,7-六氢-吡唑并[4,3-c]吡啶-5-基)-1-(R)-苄氧基甲基-2-氧代-乙基]-异丁酰胺暴露于甲醇或异丙醇的步骤。
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