CN105159362B - Use the drying grain of heater and the equilibrium water conten of variable speed fan - Google Patents
Use the drying grain of heater and the equilibrium water conten of variable speed fan Download PDFInfo
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- CN105159362B CN105159362B CN201510426403.7A CN201510426403A CN105159362B CN 105159362 B CN105159362 B CN 105159362B CN 201510426403 A CN201510426403 A CN 201510426403A CN 105159362 B CN105159362 B CN 105159362B
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- grain
- equilibrium water
- grain drying
- water conten
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
- F26B21/10—Temperature; Pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
- F26B21/12—Velocity of flow; Quantity of flow, e.g. by varying fan speed, by modifying cross flow area
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
- F26B3/02—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air
- F26B3/06—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B9/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
- F26B9/06—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers
- F26B9/063—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers for drying granular material in bulk, e.g. grain bins or silos with false floor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
- F26B2200/06—Grains, e.g. cereals, wheat, rice, corn
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
This application involves the drying grains for the equilibrium water conten for using heater and variable speed fan.A kind of grain drying system and processing, including controller, the controller are conductively coupled to variable speed fan and are conductively coupled to heater or heat pump, make the air by gas chamber and by the grain to supply air.The controller is additionally coupled to environment temperature sensor and ambient humidity sensor, plenum interior temperature and moisture sensors.During the first period when being in except the range of the equilibrium water conten target when the surrounding air, fan speed is adjusted in combination with operating the heater or heat pump, with transfer destination equilibrium water conten temperature.During the second period when being in except the range of the equilibrium water conten target when the surrounding air, the controller operates the fan with minimum speed, and since the operation of the fan and the heater or heat pump limits, the controller can not obtain the indoor equilibrium water conten target gas of the gas.
Description
Cross reference to related applications
The disclosure requires the priority of the U.S. Provisional Application No.62/010229 submitted on June 10th, 2014.It is above-mentioned
The full content of application is incorporated into herein by reference.
Technical field
This disclosure relates to carry out processing, system and the device of grain drying using equilibrium water conten air.
Background technique
The background technical information about the disclosure that this part provides is not necessarily the prior art.
Grain in silo can be vented partially dried or be adjusted in silo.This can be by using balance
The principle of moisture is realized.If grain is exposed in the air of certain temperature and relative humidity (RH) and by sufficiently long
Time, then the temperature and relative humidity of air will reach balance with corresponding Measurement for Grain Moisture Content.Different grain is balanced
Moisture value is different.Fig. 1 gives the table of a typical EMC values.
In this way, grain can when air is in EMC values corresponding with desired Measurement for Grain Moisture Content or range
To be vented or adjust in the silo of storage.Regrettably, the relative humidity and temperature of surrounding air are within whole year
It is variation (Fig. 2).It and is also (Fig. 3) changed even within 24 hours periods.In general, when air is in desired flat
When outside the score value of Hengshui, the fan of silo is closed, until surrounding air returns to desired EMC values.This leads to fan
Night and day, Zhou Fuyi weeks, recycled between switch over the months.
Sometimes, there is silo small heater to be used to heat the surrounding air by fan, will can slightly be in this way
Surrounding air outside EMC values is converted to equilibrium water conten air.This is a little to extend what grain can be vented or adjust
Time.However, silo fan be still day and night, Zhou Fuyi weeks, recycled between switch over the months.
With silo fan repetitive cycling close a problem be grain can not be aerated or be adjusted, and
This " closing " in the period any drying of grain face stagnation.This, which may mean that, has insufficient time to fully adjust
Grain is so that it is in moisture content appropriate in listing.This also also mean inside grain in face of or other places at
It will appear mouldy or other problems when dry stagnate.So that the price of grain is too low or is damaged completely and basic discomfort
In sale.
Summary of the invention
This part gives the overall summary of the disclosure, is not the full scope of the disclosure or whole features of the disclosure
Full disclosure.
According to one aspect of the disclosure, a kind of grain drying system of equilibrium water conten includes: grain drying controller, electricity
One for being couple to variable speed fan, and being conductively coupled in heater associated with gas chamber and heat pump, is made with supplying air
The air passes through the gas chamber and passes through the grain in silo.Environment temperature sensor and ambient humidity sensor can be equal
It is arranged on except the silo and is conductively coupled to the grain drying controller.The gentle interior of plenum interior temperature sensor
Portion's humidity sensor can be arranged within the gas chamber and be conductively coupled to the grain drying controller.The grain
Drying control device comprises instructions that described instruction is used for when the sensing data indicating ring from the environmental sensor
It is and one in the heater and heat pump during the first period when border air is in except equilibrium water conten target zone
Operation adjust the fan speed of the variable speed fan in combination so that the gas from the plenum interior temperature sensor
Chamber interior temperature sensor data corresponds to target equilibrium moisture temperature.The grain drying controller comprises instructions that,
Described instruction is used for when the sensing data indicative for environments air from the environmental sensor is in the equilibrium water subhead
During the second period when marking except range, operate the variable speed fan with scheduled minimum speed, and due to the change
One operation limitation in fast fan and the heater and heat pump, the grain drying controller can not make institute
The indoor air of gas is stated to be within the scope of the equilibrium water conten target.When the variable speed fan makes in the equilibrium water
When air in the range of partial objectives for passes through the gas chamber and passes through the grain, the grain drying system of the equilibrium water conten
The moisture content of grain is adjusted towards desired target Measurement for Grain Moisture Content corresponding with the equilibrium water conten target.
According to another aspect of the disclosure, a kind of processing of grain drying system operating equilibrium water conten is provided.It is described
The grain drying system of equilibrium water conten includes: grain drying controller, is couple to each variable speed fan, and be couple to heater
With one in heat pump, make the air by gas chamber and by the grain in silo to supply air；Environment temperature passes
Sensor and ambient humidity sensor are arranged on except the silo；Plenum interior temperature sensor and plenum interior humidity
Sensor is arranged within the controller.The processing includes: when the sensor number from the environmental sensor
During the first period when being in except equilibrium water conten target zone according to indicative for environments air, with the operation heater and heat pump
In it is one adjust the fan speed of the variable speed fan in combination so that coming from the plenum interior temperature sensing
The plenum interior temperature sensor data of device corresponds to target equilibrium moisture temperature.When the sensing from the environmental sensor
During the second period when device data indicative for environments air is in except the equilibrium water conten target zone, make the variable speed fan
With the operation of scheduled minimum speed, and due to one behaviour in the variable speed fan and the heater and heat pump
Be restricted, the grain drying controller can not make the indoor air of the gas be in the equilibrium water conten target range it
It is interior.When the variable speed fan makes the air within the scope of the equilibrium water conten target pass through the gas chamber and passes through
When the grain, the moisture content of the grain in the silo is towards desired target corresponding with the equilibrium water conten target
Measurement for Grain Moisture Content is mobile.
According to description provided herein, other application range be will be apparent.Description in this part of the disclosure and
Specific embodiment is for illustration purposes only, not for restriction the scope of the present disclosure.
Detailed description of the invention
Be described herein attached drawing be merely to illustrate selected specific embodiment purpose and and not all possible realization, also not
For limiting the scope of the present disclosure.
Fig. 1 is the representative chart of the EMC values of three kinds of different grains；
Fig. 2 be one-year age during EMC values representative chart；
Fig. 3 be 48 hour time during EMC values representative chart；
Fig. 4 is the simplified perspective view of the silo of the processing for embodying the disclosure, system and device；
Fig. 5 is the internal moisture cable with temperature and grain moisture sensor node shown in the silo of Fig. 4
Simplified perspective view；
Fig. 6 is to show the simplified plan view for indicating that the controller of the internal moisture cable of Fig. 5 is shown；
Fig. 7 is the flow chart handled according to the equilibrium water conten of the system including variable speed fan of the disclosure；
Fig. 8 is the flow chart according to the equilibrium water conten processing of the system including variable speed fan and heater of the disclosure；
Fig. 9 is the flow chart according to the equilibrium water conten processing of the system including variable speed fan and heat pump of the disclosure；And
Figure 10 is the replacement flow chart according to the equilibrium water conten processing of the system including variable speed fan and heat pump of the disclosure.
Corresponding appended drawing reference indicates corresponding component in various figures.
Specific embodiment
Exemplary embodiment is more fully described below with reference to accompanying drawings.
This technology is related to the ventilation of silo storage equipment and the method and system for controlling the ventilation.Silo storage is set
Standby ventilation is for keeping suitable moisture level to be very important by grain security to store longer time.
As used herein, silo storage equipment refers to for usually used in the farm and/or commercial agricultural application
Any large container of the article of batch storage such as grain etc.Grain or feeding storage silo storage device can be for grain
Or any shell appropriate of feed storage.It generally includes side wall and top.This warehouse has generally circular structure, packet
The floor of rise is included, to create gas chamber under grain or feed.The floor can be perforated, so that air can be logical from gas chamber
Floor and grain are crossed, to remove moisture removal from grain and/or adjust temperature.It is excellent for same amount of opening area
Select a large amount of small through hole rather than a small amount of large through-holes.Multiple fans can be set around silo and send out gas chamber so that air to be sent into.
As used herein, no matter word grain and feed, be single use or be applied in combination, all refer to and
Include but is not limited to including the available various fields of this technology and/or agricultural product and raw material, example: various grains, seed, jade
Rice, bean or pea, rice, wheat, oat, barley, beanpod, potato, nut etc..
Hot-air accommodates more moisture than cold air.Therefore, temperature influences the whole water content of dry air.For example,
The air of one pound of 40 degrees Fahrenheit can accommodate the moisture of about 40 granularities (grain), and the air of one pound of 80 degrees Fahrenheit accommodates energy
What power quadrupled increases to about 155 granularities.Relative humidity also plays an important role in the drying process.For example, every pound 100
It being absorbed the air that the air that degrees Fahrenheit and relative humidity are 50% can be than every pound of 100 degrees Fahrenheits and relative humidity is 75% more
The moisture of 60 granularities.Therefore temperature and moisture and grain and institute of the amount of moisture to be removed with the air supplied
The temperature difference of the air of supply and change.
Due in half isolation environment and grain heap of storage silo insulating property (properties), the grain in storage silo can be at one
Its moisture content and temperature are maintained in period.The known grain for giving type, environment temperature and relative humidity determine
Equilibrium moisture content, it means that if persistently placing long period of time, the moisture content of grain will equilibrate to the temperature
With the situation of relative humidity.The equilibrium moisture content can determine from the table of given value, also can be from close to such table
The mathematical formulae of data determines.This technology is by processing controller, enable this information of various grains is used.Alternatively, this
Information can be inputted by user, or be obtained using internet communication etc. by each provenance.
Referring to Fig. 4, the system of the ventilation for controlling silo storage equipment includes silo storage equipment 10, and above-mentioned silo is deposited
Storage equipment 10 includes the gas chamber 12 under silo floor 14, and there are multiple through-holes or a slot 16 in the silo floor 14, and air can be through
Cross the silo storage region 18 that the through-hole hole or slot 16 are flowed into above floor 14 from gas chamber 12.One or more can be provided
Speed change draught fan 20, each fan 20 can have corresponding variable frequency drive motor 22.It is related to each fan 20 be associated with it is small
Type heater or heat pump 21.Internal air-temperature sensor 23 and relative humidity sensor 24 are located at the gas chamber adjacent with silo floor 14
In 12.The gas chamber 12 that temperature sensor 23 and relative humidity sensor 24 are normally located in includes entire airflow path, institute
Airflow path is stated between fan 20 and grain heap, and usually it is terminated in the position on about floor 14, air is on ground
Enter grain heap (not shown) at plate 14.External temperature sensor 31 and relative humidity sensing are set outside grain storage silo
Device 32 is for measuring environmental ambient air.
As shown in Figures 5 and 6, moisture cable 34 can run through at the inside interval of silo 10.It can be understood that Fig. 5 and
6 be from Fig. 4 schematic diagram that is simplified and illustrating respectively, in order to understand.Each moisture cable 34 is usually from the roof of silo 10
Structure physics hangs and is supported by the roof structure.Similarly, data collector 36 associated with silo 10 can be provided
Above silo storage region, therefore the grain in silo 10 on data collector 36 essentially without applying any be pressed downward
Power.For example, data collector 36 can be installed on the roof structure outside silo 10, or it is mounted on inside silo 10 and connects
On the position at the top of nearly roof structure.The moisture cable 36 may include water in the node spaced apart along cable 36
Sub-sensor and temperature sensor.Further details about moisture cable and sensor and their purposes may refer to down
It states document: being submitted on August 8th, 2012 and be disclosed as the jointly owned of U82014/0046611 on 2 13rd, 2014
Patent application No.13/569814, and submitted on August 8th, 2012 and be disclosed as US2014/ on 2 13rd, 2014
0043048 jointly owned patent application No.13/569804, the full content of above-mentioned application are incorporated into herein.
Pressure sensor 25 is also provided in gas chamber 12, so as to calculate the sky mobile by grain of fan
The actual cubic feet per minute (CFM) of air-flow.The sky by grain is measured about such pressure sensor 25 is used
The further details of air-flow (CFM) used may refer to following documents: submit on July 12nd, 2011 and at 2013 1
The jointly owned patent application No.13/180797 of US2013/0015251 is disclosed as within 17th the moon, in the whole of above-mentioned application
Appearance is incorporated into herein.
It can be configured to use including the processor of circuit being made of microprocessor 28 and memory 30 or controller 26
In receiving, user is inputted and/or silo stores device parameter.Controller 26 can be programmed on demand (such as in memory 30
In) there are specific data and execute various steps.For example, these programmings may include by controller 26 from user or manufacturer
The received information being stored in memory.Programming can also by the microprocessor 28 of controller 26 physical Design, pass through
It is provided using the software being loaded into controller 26 or by the combination of design on hardware and software.
Controller 26 can also be operably coupled to any heater or heat pump 21, internal temperature sensor 23 and phase
To humidity sensor 24, external temperature sensor 23 and relative humidity sensor 24, any pressure sensor 25, any moisture line
Cable 34 (such as via data collector 36) and variable speed fan motor 22.It can be for example via any of wired or wireless connection
Various components are couple to controller by combination.
Fig. 7-10 describes flow chart, and the flow chart illustrates the exemplary of the ventilation for controlling silo storage equipment
System and method various aspects.It should be understood that Detailed description of the invention multiple embodiments of this technology, and be not to be regarded as
It is unique expression of this technology.Specific method box is for illustrating optional step or processing.Divide although being to be further understood that
The box opened is illustrated as the step of separation, but can combine or modify in various embodiments these steps or processing, and wrap
The combination or omission of the special characteristic of the variation of the sequence of step shown in including will be each fallen within the scope of this disclosure.
Referring to Fig. 7, an illustrative processing and system without heater or heat pump 21 totally start from acquisition can
To include user's input of silo storage device parameter.For example, grains-type and target Measurement for Grain Moisture Content in silo can be with
It is inputted by user, and is converted into desired put down via formula or for the look-up table in the controller of the input type of grain
Hengshui divides range (to be herein " EQM " or " EMC ").Alternatively, user can directly input desired environmental balance moisture model
Enclose (is herein " EQM " or " EMC ").
The external temperature sensor 31 and humidity sensor 32 provide data or signal to controller 26, the data or letter
The EMC for the surrounding air that measurement obtains number is converted into box 100.Again, formula can be used by controller 26
Or look-up table is this time converted.If the environment EMC (or EQM) as box 102 is pointed out is located in the target zone of storage,
Controller transmission signal so as box 104 is pointed out makes fan 20 with the operation of maximum speed.
If environment EMC is greater than target EMC range, or is less than target EMC range, make then controller sends signal
Fan 20 is with the operation of the smallest speed.The minimum speed can be the fan of setting or the revolutions per minute (rpm) of motor.Example
Such as, fan can simply be run with the speed of the one third of normal full speed.Alternatively, controller can be compiled
Journey is to be calculated using pressure sensor 25, makes fan with desired defined minimum or minimum air velocity
(CFM) it is operated.For example, fan speed adjusting to realization or maintenance can be by controller by the air velocity of silo
About 5000CFM.
Another selection be so that the smallest fan speed correspond in silo every bushel of grain it is desired low or
The smallest air velocity.For example, data or signal from moisture cable 34 can be used for calculating the amount of grain in silo with
And the actual air velocity of the pressure sensor 25, it is CFM/ bushels actual with determination, and fan speed is adjusted, with reality
Existing desired minimum or low CFM/ bushel, in jointly owned patent as mentioned above described in detail by that
Sample.It is low in this way or the smallest CFM/ bushels can be about 0.1CFM/ bushels, it is to be typically enough to avoid dry front end
Stagnation.Alternatively, the smallest CFM/ bushels can be between about 1/14 and 1/7CFM/ bushels, it is typically enough to protect
It holds the fresh of grain and removes heat caused by any spontaneous heating as grain.
Referring to Fig. 8, it may include grain that an illustrative processing and system with heater 21, which normally start from acquisition,
Storehouse stores user's input of device parameter.Other than above-mentioned parameter, which can be programmed with delta temperature
(delta temperature, dT) range or bound.For example, user can input such dT data or it can be by
It pre-programmed or is stored in the controller.In some cases, dT can indicate (for example, using moisture cable measurement)
Temperature difference between the gentle indoor air temperature of grain.In some cases, dT can indicate that the gentle interior of surrounding air passes through
Temperature difference after the heater (or heat pump) 21 between air.In some cases, dT can indicate the variation in cereal temperature.
In some cases, it due to the limitation on heating (or cooling), can be used more than the dT range of one or all or limitation.
When dT is the difference of surrounding air and cereal temperature surrounding air EMC is in target zone, if ring
Air themperature after border temperature or heating is for example higher than cereal temperature more than 10 degrees Fahrenheits, then fan will no longer operate.
This is the acute variation in order to avoid cereal temperature in abnormal cases.No matter heat, cool down or is both needed to using surrounding air
Carry out this verification.
Similarly, the grain caused by being due to operation fan or fan and heater as dT within scheduled period
Temperature difference when, if cereal temperature increased above 10 degrees Fahrenheits within 24 hour period, fan, heater or this two
Person will shut down or return to some minimum state.Again, this is the play in order to avoid cereal temperature in abnormal cases
Strong variation.No matter heat, cool down or be both needed to using surrounding air to carry out this verification.
DT is also possible to air (the i.e. air themperature as caused by heater or cooler after surrounding air and heating
The amount of variation) between temperature difference.For example, if it is the early stage being dried and has many remaining times to reach dry
Dry target, then the controller can be set as only heating/cooling air is desired to realize to for example +/- 3 degrees Fahrenheit
EMC.If for the drying demand that is inadequate and still having significant quantity that dry felicity condition usually occurs, the limit
System can be released for example +/- 7 degrees Fahrenheit or bigger range to be heated or cooled.Similarly, above-mentioned to refer to
Each of various temperature difference limitations can be set to wider to realize more full speed running times.In addition, various dT
Each of range or limitation can be used alone or be used in any combination.
The middle part and right part path of Fig. 8 and the middle part of Fig. 7 and right part path it is similar.However due to the provision of heating
Device, therefore grain can be aerated or adjusted be when environment EMC (or EQM) is higher than the target zone upper limit.
If the dT of the calculating or measurement is less than the dT limit, increase heat to attempt to obtain the EMC sky provided by grain
Target temperature required for gas.Because the heater is usually relatively small, it is thus possible to exist with fan full speed running and
Heater with maximum capacity carry out operate the case where still air being insufficient to allow to be heated enough amounts.Consequent, control
Device processed can send instruction or signal etc. so that the speed of fan reduces, and the target T until obtaining the indoor air of gas is
Only.
Referring to Fig. 9, shows and be provided with the example that the temperature of the permission surrounding air of heat pump 21 is heated or cooled
Property processing and system.According to Fig. 9 together with other examples addressed here, each step and total processing should be obvious
's.
Referring to Fig.1 0, it shows and is provided with heat pump 21 (similar Fig. 9) and is provided with dT range or limitation (similar Fig. 8)
One exemplary process and system.According to Figure 10 together with other examples addressed here, each step and total processing are answered
When being apparent.
The separate equations that controller may use in this process or the example of calculating is provided below.
Embodiment step-does not include heater
1. obtaining EMC using (environment temperature+fan temperature increases) and RH.
Agricultural product water relation of the ASAE D245.5 based on factory
6.a RH=1-exp [- A (T+C) (MCD)^B]
Wherein for corn: A=6.6612E-05
B=1.9677
C=42.143
Or
6.b RH=exp [(- A/ (T+C) exp (- B (MCD))]
Wherein for corn: A=374.34
B=0.18662
C=31.696
Two formula may be incorporated for solving MCD(moisture content of butt)
2. being transformed into the moisture content of wet basis
Usually in Grain Development, moisture content is discussed as MCw(moisture content of wet basis).
MCw=100 (MCD/(100+MCD))
Equilibrium moisture content=MCw=EQM=EMC
In the flow chart, equilibrium water conten is abbreviated as EQM by us.Acceptable abbreviation in the industry is EMC.I
Both EMC and EQM will be used alternatingly.
3. the limitation to gas chamber air EMC is arranged
In the present embodiment, without heater, the limitation of EMC up and down of wherein fan full-speed operation is set, it can be to gas chamber
Air is measured to ensure it in the characteristic temperature numberical range of cereal temperature.
Once the fan can reduce outside these limit values/the smallest CFM or fan speed operation.
There is embodiment step-heating and cooling and heating/cooling degree to limit (since step 3)
3. the limitation to gas chamber air EMC is arranged
If the EMC is in upper and lower EMC limitation, and air themperature is in the range of degrees of the cereal temperature of setting,
Then we allow fan to run.
If EMC is higher than target value, increase heat to improve the temperature of air and reduce RH.If unheated gas
The EMC of room air is 17.0%, then increasing heat makes EMC be down to 15%.Due to the natural quality of formula 6.a and 6.b, this is tired
Difficult, but can directly acquire heater and need increased Δ T.Alternatively, any one can be determined using both methods
Want increased heat/temperature degree amount.
A. increasing temperature (T) once in formula 6.a.Calculate the RH that air is new after heating.New RH can be in look-up table
It finds, or can be calculated in lattice.After air is heated, the partial pressure of water therein is kept constant.It can be by each
Kind empirical equation estimates that saturation pressure, the formula can for example be obtained from following documents: F.P.Incropera and
D.P.DeWitt, Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer, 4th Edition.
The formula is as follows:
Since we can substantially estimate new saturation pressure (Pvs) and we can know in air from environmental condition
The partial pressure Pp of water, therefore we can calculate new RH now.
Using the new temperature of air and RH, the EMC that air is new after heating is calculated.Continue to increase T and calculate new RH until
Until EMC reaches target.Temperature change required for now is calculated and heater can be by this new temperature
As target.
B. alternatively, beginning to warm up air and measuring obtained gas chamber T and RH.Gas chamber EMC is calculated when T increases and adjusts T
Until EMC reaches target.
Here two methods are equally effective；However first method allows controller without really heating air
And/or determination will need how many T in the case where operation fan.This is especially desired in the following cases: if necessary
Heat input is more than the ability of heater or if the raised degree of temperature is more than heating/cooling degree restriction of setting.
Above-mentioned paragraph summarizes according to flow chart and adjusts B.T if necessary increased above setting the limit, then I
Will adjust H terminate, wherein adjust H in, fan speed will be set at the smallest CFM and heater will maintain the realization phase
Temperature required for the EMC of prestige.
It returns to and adjusts B, if the heat demand from heater has been more than the amount that heater can export, we will be replaced
Generation ground, which reaches, adjusts C.
A. the above method (a) is utilized, we will determine the amount of increased T required for realizing desired EMC.For example, if
Need the temperature rise of 6 degrees Fahrenheits to realize desired EMC, then the estimation or known CFM that fan can be used determine heater
The British thermal unit (BTU) needed.
I.BTU input=1.08*CFM (Δ T)
B. method (b) is utilized, we can simply run fan and heater, and if reaching desired EMC
Heater reaches maximum output before, then it is known we be more than heater output.
In the scheme of the two, if ours is next we determined that the heater cannot export the heat of needs
Step will reduce fan speed.The speed of fan is lowered, until heater output is enough to realize EMC appropriate.
It should be noted that for all these schemes, we always can with core gas chamber air themperature setting grain
In the range of degrees of temperature.If it is outside the range of setting, again, the fan is operated with minimum air flow setting.
Above-mentioned adjusting is shown in following charts.
The above description of embodiment is provided for the purpose of illustration and description.It is not intended to exhausted or limitation
The disclosure.Although and it is not specifically shown or described, the individual unit or feature of specific embodiment are generally not to be limited
To the specific embodiment, but it is interchangeable in the applicable case and can be used in selected embodiment.It can
Identical part is changed in various ways.Such change is not viewed as deviating from the disclosure, and all such modifications
It should be regarded as being included within the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (28)
1. a kind of grain drying system of equilibrium water conten, comprising:
Grain drying controller is conductively coupled to variable speed fan, and is conductively coupled in heater associated with gas chamber and heat pump
One, make the air by the gas chamber and by the grain in silo to supply air；
Environment temperature sensor is arranged on except the silo and is conductively coupled to the grain drying controller；
Plenum interior temperature sensor is arranged within the gas chamber and is conductively coupled to the grain drying controller；
Humidity sensor is arranged on outside the silo or in the gas chamber and is conductively coupled to the grain drying control
Device processed；
Wherein, the grain drying controller comprises instructions that, described instruction is used to pass when from the environment temperature
When the sensing data indicative for environments air of sensor and the humidity sensor is in except the range of equilibrium water conten target
During one period, the fan speed of the variable speed fan is adjusted in combination with one in the heater and heat pump operation
Degree, to obtain the plenum interior temperature sensor number corresponding to target equilibrium moisture temperature from the plenum interior temperature sensor
According to；
Wherein, the grain drying controller comprises instructions that, described instruction is used to pass when from the environment temperature
When the sensing data indicative for environments air of sensor and the humidity sensor is in except the range of the equilibrium water conten target
The second period during, and due in the variable speed fan and the heater and heat pump one operation limitation, institute
Stating grain drying controller can not make the indoor air of the gas be within the scope of the equilibrium water conten target, make described
Variable speed fan is operated with scheduled minimum speed；
Wherein, when the variable speed fan makes the air within the scope of the equilibrium water conten target pass through the gas chamber simultaneously
And when passing through grain, the grain drying system of the equilibrium water conten is towards desired mesh corresponding with the equilibrium water conten target
Mark Measurement for Grain Moisture Content adjusts the moisture content of the grain in the silo.
2. the grain drying system of equilibrium water conten according to claim 1, wherein the controller comprises instructions that,
Described instruction is for making the fan with scheduled minimum fan speed operation, and the scheduled minimum fan speed is relative to institute
The grain volume in silo is stated between CFM/ bushels and 1.4CFM/ bushels of 0.07 cubic feet per minute.
3. the grain drying system of equilibrium water conten according to claim 2 further includes multiple grain sensors, the multiple
Grain sensor is located in the sensor node along multiple vertical cables in the grain in the silo, wherein the multiple
Grain sensor is conductively coupled to the grain drying controller, and wherein the grain drying controller includes for based on next
The instruction of the amount of the grain in the silo is determined from the grain sensing data of the sensor node, and including being used for
Calculated relative to the amount of the grain in the silo determined by the controller, according to CFM/ bushels it is described it is scheduled most
The instruction of small fan speed.
4. the grain drying system of equilibrium water conten according to claim 1, further includes user input apparatus, and wherein institute
Stating controller includes memory and the scheduled minimum fan speed for will input via the user input apparatus
The instruction being stored in the memory of the controller.
5. the grain drying system of equilibrium water conten according to claim 1 further includes the pressure within the gas chamber
Sensor, wherein the controller includes for determining the relationship between pressure and the air velocity (CFM) for passing through the silo
Instruction, and wherein the controller comprises instructions that, described instruction is used for according to using from the pressure sensing
The desired air velocity of the pressure sensor data of device and the relationship increase institute towards the scheduled minimum fan speed
Fan speed is stated, to obtain and the corresponding desired air velocity of the scheduled minimum fan speed.
6. the grain drying system of equilibrium water conten according to claim 1 further includes in the grain in the silo
At least one cereal temperature sensor, wherein at least one described cereal temperature sensor is conductively coupled to the grain drying control
Device processed, and the grain drying controller is from cereal temperature sensor reception cereal temperature data and out of described gas chamber
Portion's temperature sensor receives gas chamber air themperature data, and works as and determine the cereal temperature data and gas chamber by the controller
When temperature difference dT between air themperature data is greater than scheduled maximum dT, the grain drying controller include for will described in
Variable speed fan adjusts the instruction to the scheduled minimum speed.
7. the grain drying system of equilibrium water conten according to claim 6, wherein the scheduled maximum dT is stored in
It in the memory of controller and is 10 degrees Fahrenheits.
8. the grain drying system of equilibrium water conten according to claim 1 further includes in the grain in the silo
At least one cereal temperature sensor, wherein the grain drying controller within scheduled period from the cereal temperature pass
Sensor receives cereal temperature data, and passes within the scheduled period from the cereal temperature when being determined by the controller
When the temperature difference dT for the cereal temperature data that sensor receives is more than scheduled maximum dT, the grain drying controller will be described
Variable speed fan is adjusted to the scheduled minimum speed.
9. the grain drying system of equilibrium water conten according to claim 8, wherein the scheduled maximum dT and described pre-
Fixed period is stored in the memory of controller, and respectively 10 degrees Fahrenheits and 24 hours.
10. the grain drying system of equilibrium water conten according to claim 1, wherein determining when by the controller from institute
State the ambient temperature data of environment temperature sensor and the gas chamber air themperature data from the plenum interior temperature sensor
Between temperature difference dT be greater than scheduled maximum dT when, the grain drying controller makes the variable speed fan with described scheduled
Minimum speed operation.
11. the grain drying system of equilibrium water conten according to claim 10, wherein the scheduled maximum dT is stored
In the memory of controller, and between 3 degrees Fahrenheits and 7 degrees Fahrenheits.
12. the grain drying system of equilibrium water conten according to claim 1, wherein one in the heater and heat pump
The output of British thermal unit BTU be variable, and the controller comprises instructions that, described instruction is described for increasing
The output of BTU, to obtain the target data corresponding to the equilibrium water conten target from the plenum interior temperature sensor.
13. the grain drying system of equilibrium water conten according to claim 1, wherein the controller includes for working as target
Equilibrium water conten temperature is incrementally increased institute when being higher than the gas chamber temperature data received from the plenum interior temperature sensor
The instruction of fan speed is stated, and including for being lower than when the target equilibrium moisture temperature from the plenum interior temperature sensing
The instruction of the fan speed is incrementally decreased when the received gas chamber temperature data of device.
14. the grain drying system of equilibrium water conten according to claim 1, wherein the humidity sensor is that setting exists
Without in the indoor ambient humidity sensor of the gas except the silo.
15. the grain drying system of equilibrium water conten according to claim 1, wherein the humidity sensor is that setting exists
Without except the silo within the gas chamber.
16. a kind of method for the grain drying system for operating equilibrium water conten, the grain drying system of the equilibrium water conten includes: grain
Drying control device is eaten, each variable speed fan is couple to, and one be couple in heater and heat pump, is made with supplying air
The air passes through gas chamber and passes through the grain in silo；Environment temperature sensor is arranged on except the silo；Coupling
To plenum interior temperature sensor, the plenum interior temperature sensor is arranged within the gas chamber, and is couple to wet
Sensor is spent, the humidity sensor is arranged on outside the silo or in the gas chamber, which comprises
It is being in flat when the sensing data indicative for environments air from the environment temperature sensor and the humidity sensor
During the first period when except the range of Hengshui partial objectives for, adjusted in combination with operating one in the heater and heat pump
The fan speed of the variable speed fan is saved, to obtain from the plenum interior temperature sensor corresponding to target equilibrium moisture temperature
Plenum interior temperature sensor data；
Institute is being in when the sensing data indicative for environments air from the environment temperature sensor and the humidity sensor
During the second period when stating except the range of equilibrium water conten target, and due to the variable speed fan and the heater and
One operation limitation in heat pump, the grain drying controller can not make the indoor air of the gas be in the balance
Within the scope of moisture target, operate the variable speed fan with scheduled minimum speed；
Wherein, when the variable speed fan makes the air within the scope of the equilibrium water conten target pass through the gas chamber simultaneously
And when passing through grain, the moisture content of the grain in the silo is towards desired mesh corresponding with the equilibrium water conten target
It is mobile to mark Measurement for Grain Moisture Content.
17. the method for the grain drying system of operation equilibrium water conten according to claim 16, further includes:
The controller determines the relationship between pressure and the air velocity (cubic feet per minute CFM) for passing through the silo；
And
The controller is according to the desired air velocity and institute for using the pressure sensor data from the pressure sensor
Relationship is stated, increases the fan speed towards the scheduled minimum fan speed, to obtain and the scheduled minimum fan
The corresponding desired air velocity of speed.
18. the method for the grain drying system of operation equilibrium water conten according to claim 17, further includes:
The controller is stored in fan described in scheduled minimum fan speed operation, the scheduled minimum fan speed
In the memory of controller, and relative to the grain volume in the silo between 0.07CFM/ bushels and 1.4CFM/ Pu
Between formula ear.
19. the method for the grain drying system of operation equilibrium water conten according to claim 16, further includes:
The controller receives cereal temperature number from least one cereal temperature sensor in the grain being located in the silo
According to；
The controller receives gas chamber air themperature data from the plenum interior temperature sensor；And
The controller determines that the temperature difference dT between the gentle room air temperature data of the cereal temperature data received is
It is no to be greater than scheduled maximum dT, if it is, the controller adjusts the variable speed fan to the scheduled minimum speed.
20. the method for the grain drying system of operation equilibrium water conten according to claim 19, further includes:
The scheduled maximum dT of 10 degrees Fahrenheits is stored in the memory of controller.
21. the method for the grain drying system of operation equilibrium water conten according to claim 16, further includes:
The controller is within scheduled period from least one cereal temperature sensor in the grain being located in the silo
Receive cereal temperature data；And
The controller determines the cereal temperature data received within the scheduled period from the cereal temperature sensor
Temperature difference dT whether be more than scheduled maximum dT, if it is, the controller adjusts the variable speed fan to described pre-
Fixed minimum speed.
22. the method for the grain drying system of operation equilibrium water conten according to claim 21, further includes:
The scheduled maximum dT and 24 hour scheduled period of 10 degrees Fahrenheits is stored in the memory of controller
In.
23. the method for the grain drying system of operation equilibrium water conten according to claim 16, further includes:
The controller determines ambient temperature data from the environment temperature sensor and comes from the plenum interior temperature
Whether the temperature difference dT between the gas chamber air themperature data of sensor is greater than scheduled maximum dT, if it is, the control
Device operates the variable speed fan with the scheduled minimum speed.
24. the method for the grain drying system of operation equilibrium water conten according to claim 23, further includes:
In the memory that the scheduled maximum dT of the numerical value between 3 degrees Fahrenheits and 7 degrees Fahrenheits is stored in controller.
25. the method for the grain drying system of operation equilibrium water conten according to claim 16, further includes:
When target equilibrium moisture temperature is higher than the gas chamber temperature data received from the plenum interior temperature sensor, institute
It states controller and is incrementally increased the fan speed；And
When the target equilibrium moisture temperature is lower than from the received gas chamber temperature data of the plenum interior temperature sensor
When, the controller is incrementally decreased the fan speed.
26. the method for the grain drying system of operation equilibrium water conten according to claim 25, further includes:
The controller increases by the output of one British thermal unit BTU in the heater and heat pump, out of described gas chamber
Portion's temperature sensor obtains the target data for corresponding to the equilibrium water conten target.
27. the method for the grain drying system of operation equilibrium water conten according to claim 16, further includes:
The humidity sensor is placed in except the silo rather than in the gas chamber.
28. the method for the grain drying system of operation equilibrium water conten according to claim 16, further includes:
The humidity sensor is placed in the gas chamber rather than except the silo.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201462010229P | 2014-06-10 | 2014-06-10 | |
| US62/010,229 | 2014-06-10 | ||
| US14/718,566 US10782069B2 (en) | 2014-06-10 | 2015-05-21 | Equilibrium moisture grain drying with heater and variable speed fan |
| US14/718,566 | 2015-05-21 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105159362A CN105159362A (en) | 2015-12-16 |
| CN105159362B true CN105159362B (en) | 2019-08-09 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510426403.7A Active CN105159362B (en) | 2014-06-10 | 2015-06-09 | Use the drying grain of heater and the equilibrium water conten of variable speed fan |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US10782069B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN105159362B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2015202900B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2893585C (en) |
| CZ (1) | CZ309471B6 (en) |
| HU (2) | HUP1500272A2 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX362415B (en) |
| PL (1) | PL239492B1 (en) |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2015202900A1 (en) | 2015-12-24 |
| CA2893585C (en) | 2018-03-27 |
| HU5164U (en) | 2020-07-28 |
| CN105159362A (en) | 2015-12-16 |
| MX2015007037A (en) | 2015-12-09 |
| PL239492B1 (en) | 2021-12-06 |
| CZ309471B6 (en) | 2023-02-08 |
| AU2015202900B2 (en) | 2019-08-22 |
| HUP1500272A2 (en) | 2016-09-28 |
| CZ2015378A3 (en) | 2016-10-12 |
| PL412658A1 (en) | 2015-12-21 |
| US10782069B2 (en) | 2020-09-22 |
| CA2893585A1 (en) | 2015-12-10 |
| US20150354895A1 (en) | 2015-12-10 |
| MX362415B (en) | 2019-01-10 |
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