CN110671896A - Negative-pressure continuous dryer and continuous drying method - Google Patents
Negative-pressure continuous dryer and continuous drying method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110671896A CN110671896A CN201810720762.7A CN201810720762A CN110671896A CN 110671896 A CN110671896 A CN 110671896A CN 201810720762 A CN201810720762 A CN 201810720762A CN 110671896 A CN110671896 A CN 110671896A
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 187
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 72
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 10
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- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 73
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 11
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 11
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- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B9/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
- F26B9/06—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/001—Drying-air generating units, e.g. movable, independent of drying enclosure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/22—Controlling the drying process in dependence on liquid content of solid materials or objects
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
- F26B2200/06—Grains, e.g. cereals, wheat, rice, corn
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Abstract
The invention provides a negative pressure continuous dryer and a continuous drying method. The heating unit, the discharge port adjusting device and the detection device are electrically connected with the control device; the control device controls the working temperature of the heating unit according to the detection results of the moisture detection device and the temperature sensor at the feed port, and controls the discharge port adjusting device to adjust the discharge speed according to the detection result of the moisture detection device at the discharge port. The negative pressure continuous dryer provided by the invention implements a continuous drying method to continuously dry materials.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of drying equipment, in particular to a negative-pressure continuous dryer and a continuous drying method.
Background
After the grains are harvested, the grains generally need to be aired for a plurality of days before being safely stored in a warehouse; however, in busy farming seasons, especially in rainy weather or rainy weather on consecutive days, stacked grains generate heat due to their own moisture, and are extremely prone to mildew, rot and germination, thereby causing huge losses to farmers. Grain drying is an important step in agricultural production, and grain dryers use factors such as temperature and humidity to reduce the moisture content of grain. Under the condition, grain drying machines are usually adopted to dry grains, and the use of the drying machines greatly relieves the problem that grains with higher moisture content cannot be purchased and warehoused in time, reduces the mildew loss and improves the economic benefits of farmers and enterprises.
The utility model provides a current cereal drying-machine, it includes box, feeding storehouse, feeding screw feeder, feed inlet, baffle, weighing transducer, cylinder, hot-blast furnace, ejection of compact screw feeder and controller, establish layered structure on the inner wall of box, layered structure comprises a plurality of baffles, makes cereal dry more evenly, and drying efficiency is high, and the energy consumption is low, and the cost is reduced, and the stoving temperature of cereal is adjustable moreover, can carry out accurate quantization operation to the drying process, has avoided the inhomogeneous problem of stoving temperature.
However, in the grain dryer, whether the layer-changing baffle plate continues to feed is determined according to the weight signal on each layer of baffle plate, hot air is blown by the hot air blower to dry after the feeding and sundries cleaning are finished, the drying time is fixed, and the temperature in the drying chamber can be controlled only by the temperature sensor and cannot exceed the upper limit. But the drying operation among the above-mentioned prior art can not be according to the reasonable control stoving temperature of the moisture content condition of each layer material in the storehouse body, also can not be according to the moisture content condition feedback control stoving time of output finished product material. Therefore, excessive drying is easily caused, the cracking rate and the breaking rate of the grains are increased, and the quality of the grains is influenced. The drying temperature cannot be controlled according to the moisture content of the grains. Meanwhile, in the drying process, the grains are in a static state, and the effect of continuously drying the grains cannot be achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defect that the drying temperature and the drying time cannot be controlled simultaneously by the grain drying machine in the prior art, so as to provide a negative pressure continuous drying machine and a continuous drying method capable of automatically adjusting the drying temperature and the drying time according to the moisture content of grains.
The invention provides a negative pressure continuous dryer, which comprises a bin body, a drying chamber and a drying chamber, wherein the bin body is provided with a feeding hole positioned at the top of the bin body and a discharging hole positioned at the bottom of the bin body;
a plurality of drying layers distributed in the bin body along the material moving direction,
the negative pressure device is communicated with an air outlet of the bin body to discharge air from the bin body;
the device also comprises a control device and a detection device electrically connected with the control device, wherein the detection device comprises a moisture detection device which is at least arranged at the feed inlet and the discharge outlet;
the heating units and the discharge port adjusting devices are electrically connected with the control device;
the control device controls the heating unit to work according to the detection result of the moisture detection device at the feed inlet;
and the control device controls the work of the discharge hole adjusting device according to the result of the moisture detection device at the discharge hole.
And the control device controls the heating unit in the drying layer close to the feed port to work according to the detection result of the moisture detection device at the feed port.
The detection device further comprises temperature sensors arranged in the drying layers, the temperature sensors are electrically connected with the control unit, and the control unit controls the heating unit in the next drying layer close to the downstream according to the detection result of the temperature sensor in the previous drying layer at the upstream.
Each drying layer is correspondingly provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, and each air outlet is communicated to the negative pressure device; the dryer also comprises external heating units arranged at the air inlets.
Wherein, a mixing device is also arranged at the upstream and/or the downstream of at least one drying layer and is arranged on the inner wall of the bin body.
The air inlet and the air outlet of each drying layer are arranged on the side wall of the bin body, the air inlet and the air outlet are respectively provided with a punching baffle, and the external heater is externally provided with a protective cover formed by a plurality of punching baffles in a surrounding manner.
The negative pressure device is a centrifugal fan, and the centrifugal fan is connected to each air outlet through an air pipe.
The invention provides a continuous drying method, which adopts the negative pressure continuous dryer to carry out the following operation steps:
s1: the material enters the bin body from the feeding hole;
s2: heating and drying the materials in the bin body;
s3: discharging the dried material from a discharge hole;
the step S2 further includes:
s21: the moisture detection device at the feed inlet detects the original moisture content of the material and feeds the result back to the control device;
s22: and the control device controls the heating unit in the drying layer close to the feeding hole to work according to the detection result of the original water content.
The step S2 further includes the following steps performed concurrently with the step S21:
s23: the temperature sensors positioned in the drying layers detect the material temperature of the drying layers and feed back the result to the control device; the control device controls the operation of the heating unit in the immediately-downstream next drying layer according to the detection result of the temperature sensor in the upstream previous drying layer.
Step S4 is also included after step S3:
s41: a moisture detection device positioned at the discharge port detects the moisture content m of the processed material;
s42: and the control device controls the discharge port adjusting device to adjust the size of the discharge port according to the processed water content result.
The control device compares the processed water content result with a preset water content set threshold;
if the water content M after treatment is less than the water content set threshold value McThe outlet adjusting device enlarges the discharge hole;
if the water content M after treatment is larger than the set water content threshold McAnd the outlet adjusting device reduces the discharge hole.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention provides a negative pressure continuous dryer, which comprises a bin body, a plurality of drying layers and a drying device, wherein the bin body is provided with a feeding hole positioned at the top of the bin body and a discharging hole positioned at the bottom of the bin body, and the drying layers are distributed in the bin body along the material moving direction. The negative pressure device of the air outlet of the connecting bin body discharges the air in the bin body, and negative pressure is formed in the bin body, so that the external air enters from the air inlet. The dryer is provided with a control device, a detection device, a heating unit arranged on each drying layer and a discharge port adjusting device connected with the control device. The detection device comprises a moisture detection device and a temperature detection device. The moisture detection device comprises moisture detection devices arranged at the feed inlet and the discharge outlet and is used for detecting the original moisture content of the material and the processed moisture content. The temperature detection device comprises temperature sensors arranged in the drying layers. The control device controls the working temperature of the heating units in the drying layers close to the feed port according to the detection result of the moisture detection device of the feed port, and simultaneously controls the working temperature of the heating unit in the next drying layer according to the temperature result detected by the temperature sensor in each drying layer, so that the variable-temperature heating and drying function of the material is realized. The control device controls the discharge port adjusting device to adjust the size of the discharge port according to the detection result of the moisture detection device at the discharge port, and then controls the discharge speed of the dryer. This continuous desiccator of negative pressure has utilized the moisture detection device's of feed inlet detection result to set for initial stoving temperature, and every drying layer later sets for the stoving temperature on this layer according to the material temperature of last layer again, until the material reaches the moisture content of settlement, realizes that the material once dries and operates to the setting value, need not promote the material repeatedly, has reduced the breakage rate of material. Meanwhile, the control device can adjust the drying temperature of the heating device of each drying layer according to the detection result, and a variable-temperature hot air drying technology is used, so that the corresponding drying temperature is utilized for materials with different water contents, and the influence on the quality of the materials due to overheating of the materials is avoided. And the discharge port control device adjusts the size of the discharge port according to the detection result of the moisture detection device at the discharge port, so that the control on the discharge speed is realized, the drying time of the material in the bin body can be automatically adjusted, and the moisture content of the treated material further reaches a set value.
2. According to the negative pressure continuous dryer provided by the invention, each drying layer is provided with the air inlet and the air outlet, the negative pressure device is connected with the air outlet through the air pipe, air in the bin body is pumped out, negative pressure is formed in the bin body, and therefore air outside the bin enters the bin body from the air inlet to form airflow. The air current is heated by heating unit and becomes hot-air again, and hot-air heats the material when passing through the material, carries out the drying to the material. The air inlet and the air outlet which are arranged on each layer enable each drying layer to independently carry out airflow heating, and layered and segmented temperature control is achieved.
3. According to the negative pressure continuous dryer provided by the invention, the heating unit in each drying layer is a built-in heater arranged between the air inlet and the air outlet at a certain interval, so that heat compensation can be carried out on hot air in the bin, and the phenomenon of uneven temperature of materials far away from the air inlet is prevented.
4. According to the negative pressure continuous dryer provided by the invention, the air inlet and the air outlet are arranged on the side wall of the bin body, and the air inlet and the air outlet are both provided with the punching baffle plates, so that air can conveniently enter. An external heater is arranged at the air inlet, and a protective cover surrounded by a plurality of punching baffles is arranged outside the external heater. The air in the air inlet can be heated, so that the material between the first built-in heater and the air inlet can be heated and dried.
5. According to the negative pressure continuous dryer provided by the invention, the mixing devices are further arranged at the upstream and/or the downstream of each drying layer, and are arranged on the inner wall of the bin body and used for exchanging the materials in the drying layers inside and outside, so that the temperature of the heated materials is subjected to heat exchange, the temperature at each position tends to be uniform, and the detection result of the temperature sensor is more accurate.
6. According to the continuous drying method provided by the invention, the original moisture content of the material is detected by the moisture detection device positioned at the feed inlet, and the result is fed back to the control device. And the control device controls the heating unit in the drying layer close to the feeding hole to work according to the detection result of the original water content. The control device controls the operation of the heating unit in the immediately-downstream next drying layer according to the detection result of the temperature sensor in the immediately-upstream previous drying layer. And finally, controlling a discharge port adjusting device to adjust the size of the discharge port according to the processed water content result. The initial water content is utilized, the stage that the water content of the material is in is judged, the heating temperature of the first drying layer is further determined, then the heating temperature of each layer is adjusted according to the detection result of the last layer, the heating temperature of each layer is the most suitable heating temperature, the moisture which needs to adopt different temperature and different types in the material can be removed at the most suitable temperature, and the waist explosion rate of the material is reduced.
7. The invention provides a continuous drying method.A control device compares a processed water content result with a preset water content set threshold; if the water content M after treatment is less than the water content set threshold value McThe outlet adjusting device enlarges the discharge hole; if the water content M after treatment is larger than the set water content threshold McThe outlet adjusting device reduces the discharge hole, so that the treatment time of the material is adjusted according to the detection result after the material is treated, and when the water content is higher than a set value, the heating and drying time is increased, so that the material is fully dried;when the water content is lower than a set value, the heating and drying time is reduced, and the phenomenon that the quality is influenced by overheating of the material is avoided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a negative pressure continuous dryer in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
description of reference numerals:
1-a cabin body; 11-a feed inlet; 12-a discharge hole; 121-discharge port regulating device; 2-drying the layer; 21-an air inlet; 22-air outlet; 3-a heating unit; 31-built-in heater; 32-external heater; 41-a first moisture monitor; 42-a second moisture monitor; 5-a temperature sensor; 6-air pipe; 61-moisture vent; 7-a centrifugal fan; 8-punching a baffle; 81-protective cover; 9-mixing device.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a negative pressure continuous dryer, the structure of which is shown in fig. 1, and the negative pressure continuous dryer comprises a vertically arranged bin body 1, wherein the top of the bin body 1 is provided with a feed inlet 11, and the bottom of the bin body is provided with a discharge outlet 12. Grains are put into the bin body 1 from the feeding hole 11, heated, dried and dehydrated in the bin body 1, and then discharged from the discharging hole 12, so that the drying treatment is completed. In this embodiment, the material passes through storehouse body 1 inside from top to bottom under the effect of dead weight, and it has a plurality of drying layers 2 to distribute along the material direction of motion, and every layer of drying layer 2 all is equipped with heating element 3 for the dry material of heating. An air outlet 22 is arranged on the side wall of one side of the bin body 1, and a negative pressure device connected with the air outlet 22 of the bin body 1 discharges the air in the bin body 1 to form negative pressure in the bin body 1, so that the external air enters from the air inlet 21. Thereby form the air current in storehouse body 1, the air current passes through the material after being heated by heating element 3, realizes the heating and drying to the material. The air with moisture is pumped out from the air outlet 22 by the negative pressure device, so that the drying effect is prevented from being influenced by the condensation and backflow of the water vapor in the bin body 1.
Specifically, the material in this embodiment is grain, and the dryer dries the grain having a high water content to a state suitable for long-term storage, thereby preventing the grain from molding.
The dryer in this embodiment is provided with a control device, and the detection device, the heating unit 3 provided in each drying layer 2, and the discharge port adjustment device 121 provided in the discharge port 12 are electrically connected to the control device. The detection device comprises a moisture detection device and a temperature detection device. The moisture detection device is a first moisture monitor 41 and a second moisture monitor 42 which are respectively arranged at the feed inlet 11 and the discharge outlet 12, the first moisture monitor 41 is used for detecting the original moisture content of the un-dried grains, and the second moisture monitor 42 is used for detecting the moisture content after the drying treatment of the drying machine and sending the detection result to the control device. The temperature detection device comprises temperature sensors 5 arranged in the drying layers 2, and is used for detecting the temperature of the grains heated by the heating unit 3 in the drying layers 2 and sending the detection result to the control device.
Specifically, the first moisture monitor 41 and the second moisture monitor 42 in this embodiment are both infrared moisture monitors, and each infrared detector is disposed at the feed inlet 11 and the discharge outlet 12, and emits infrared light with a specific wavelength to the grain, and then receives the infrared light reflected by the grain, and calculates the moisture content of the grain according to the reduction amount of the infrared light, thereby realizing real-time detection of the moisture content, and feeding back the moisture content to the control device in time.
As an alternative embodiment, the first moisture monitor 41 and the second moisture monitor 42 in this embodiment are milling moisture monitors, each of which is provided with a sampling device at the inlet 11 and the outlet 12, and the moisture content is analyzed by rapidly milling the sample, and the moisture content can be detected in real time and fed back to the control device in time.
The control means in this embodiment sets the operating temperature of the heating unit 3 in the first drying layer 2 immediately adjacent to the inlet port 11 based on the detection result of the first moisture monitor 41 at the inlet port 11. And the control device sets the working temperature of the heating unit 3 in the next drying layer 2 according to the temperature result detected by the temperature sensor 5 in each drying layer 2, thereby realizing the function of variable-temperature heating and drying of the grains. For example, the heating temperature of the second drying layer is controlled according to the detection temperature of the first drying layer, the heating temperature of the third drying layer is controlled according to the detection temperature of the second drying layer, and so on, wherein the first-nth drying layers are arranged along the material moving direction (i.e. arranged from high to low).
The control device in this embodiment controls the discharge port adjusting device 121 to adjust the size of the discharge port 12 according to the detection result of the second moisture monitor 42 at the discharge port 12, so as to adjust the discharge speed of the drying machine, thereby adjusting the grain drying time. For example, when the water content of the grain at the outlet is higher than the set value, the size of the outlet is reduced, so that the retention time of the grain in the bin body 1 is increased, and more sufficient heating and drying are achieved.
The drier utilizes the moisture detection device's of feed inlet 11 detection result to set for initial drying temperature, and every drying layer 2 later sets for the drying temperature of this layer according to the cereal temperature of last layer again, and until cereal reaches the moisture content of settlement, realize that cereal once dries to predetermined moisture content threshold value, need not promote cereal to the feed inlet and dry again repeatedly, reduced the breakage rate of cereal.
Taking rice as an example of a processing object, when the first moisture monitor 41 detects that the initial moisture content of the rice is 30%, the detection result is sent to the control device, the control device compares and judges the detection result, the required drying stage of the rice is selected as an extra-high water stage, and the working temperature of the heating unit 3 in the first drying layer 2 is set to be 70-80 ℃. Then, the temperature sensor of the first drying layer 2 detects the temperature of the rice heated by the heating unit 3, for example, between 70 ℃ and 80 ℃, and sends the detection result to the control unit, and after the control unit judges, the operating temperature of the heating unit 3 of the second drying layer 2 is set between 60 ℃ and 70 ℃. The settings of the heating unit 3 and the temperature sensor 5 in the third to nth drying layers 2 are analogized in turn.
Simultaneously, controlling means can use segmentation layering drying process according to the drying temperature of the heating device of each drying layer 2 of testing result adjustment, has accomplished to adopt different drying temperature to the material of different moisture contents, for example, the moisture on wet corn surface adopts high temperature drying, and the physical chemistry moisture of corn adopts higher temperature drying, and the chemistry of corn combines moisture to adopt low temperature drying, can not only improve the thermal efficiency, can also reduce the dry quality of the waist rate of exploding of corn and guarantee corn.
And the discharge port 12 control device adjusts the size of the discharge port 12 according to the detection result of the second moisture monitor 42 at the discharge port 12, so as to realize the control of the discharge speed, and automatically adjust the drying time of the grains in the bin body 1, so that the processed moisture content of the grains further reaches a set value.
Because the moisture detection device and the temperature sensor 5 of each drying layer 2 detect in real time, the control device adjusts the working state of the heating unit 3 in real time, the continuous heating and drying function is realized, the grains with different water contents can be dried continuously, the machine does not need to be stopped for adjusting the working temperature, and the working efficiency is improved.
As shown in fig. 1, the heating unit 3 in each drying layer 2 in this embodiment is a built-in heater 31 disposed at a certain distance between the air inlet 21 and the air outlet 22, and can compensate heat of the hot air in the bin, so as to prevent uneven temperature of the grains far away from the air inlet 21. Specifically, the outside of each built-in heater 31 is provided with a protective cover 81 formed by surrounding a plurality of punching baffles 8, so that grains are prevented from being in direct contact with the built-in heater 31, hot air heated by the built-in heater 31 can be directly in contact with the grains, and the heating and drying effects are good.
As shown in fig. 1, each drying layer 2 in this embodiment is provided with an air inlet 21 and an air outlet 22, the negative pressure device is connected with the air outlet 22 through an air pipe 6, air in the bin body 1 is pumped out, negative pressure is formed in the bin body 1, and thus air outside the bin enters the bin from the air inlet 21 to form airflow. Specifically, the negative pressure device in this embodiment is a centrifugal fan 7. The air flow is heated by the heating unit 3 to become hot air, and the hot air heats and dries the grains when passing through the grains. Because each drying layer 2 is provided with the air inlet 21 and the air outlet 22 corresponding to the air inlet 21, each drying layer 2 can be independently heated by air flow, and layered and segmented temperature control is realized.
The air duct 6 in this embodiment is provided with a moisture exhaust port 61 for discharging the air containing water, thereby preventing the water vapor from condensing and flowing back into the bin body 1 to affect the drying effect.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the air inlet 21 and the air outlet 22 of each layer are arranged on the side wall of the bin body 1 where the layer is located, and the air inlet 21 and the air outlet 22 are provided with the punching baffle 8, so that air can enter conveniently, and grains cannot fall out of the bin body 1. An external heater 32 is arranged at the air inlet 21, and a protective cover 81 enclosed by a plurality of punching baffles 8 is arranged outside the external heater 32. The air in the air inlet 21 can be heated, so that the grains between the first built-in heater 31 and the air inlet 21 can be heated and dried.
As shown in fig. 1, the lower reaches of each drying layer 2 are also provided with a mixing device 9, the mixing device 9 is installed on the inner wall of the bin body 1, and is used for exchanging the grains in the drying layer 2 inside and outside, so that the grains on each layer are uniformly distributed as much as possible, the grains are uniformly heated, the temperature at each position is uniform, and the detection result of the temperature sensor 5 is more accurate.
As an alternative, the dryer of this embodiment may also dry the seeds by only changing the moisture content value segment and the corresponding operating temperature parameter in the control device.
Example 2
This embodiment provides a negative pressure continuous dryer, and the difference of its structure and the negative pressure continuous dryer in embodiment 1 lies in that, do not be equipped with temperature sensor in every drying layer, the replacement all is equipped with moisture detection device in every drying layer for detect the moisture content of the material in this drying layer, controlling means controls the operating temperature of the heating unit in the next level drying layer that is close to according to the material testing result in the last level drying layer.
Example 3
This example provides a continuous drying method using the negative pressure continuous dryer provided in example 1 to perform the following steps on the grain:
s1, feeding grains into the bin body through the feed inlet;
s2, heating and drying the grains in the bin body, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
s21, detecting the grains by using a first moisture detector at the feed inlet to obtain the original moisture content M0And feeding back the result to the control device;
s22, the control device controls the water content according to the original water content M0The heating temperature of the heating unit in the first drying layer is controlled according to the detection result;
specifically, different drying stages corresponding to the range of the water content of the grains and the temperature of the grains are recorded in the control system in advance, and the heating temperatures corresponding to the drying stages are required to be set for the grains in the different drying stages; the control device detects the original water content M at the feed inlet0Determining the drying stage D of the grainiAnd further determining the working temperature T of the heating unit in the first drying layer adjacent to the feeding holeiAnd sends a temperature adjustment instruction to the heating unit on the first drying layer.
S23: the temperature sensor positioned in the nth layer of drying layer detects the temperature t of the grains in each drying layernN ∈ {1,2, … … N }, and feeds back the result to the control device; the control device determines the drying stage D of the grains according to the detection result of the temperature sensor in the upstream nth drying layeriAnd further determining the heating temperature T of the heating unit in the (n + 1) th drying layer positioned immediately downstreami-1And sends a temperature adjustment instruction to the (n + 1) th drying layer.
S3: discharging the dried grains from a discharge hole.
S41: a second moisture monitor positioned at the discharge port detects the moisture content m after the grain treatment;
s42: and the control device controls the discharge port adjusting device to adjust the size of the discharge port according to the processed moisture content m.
Specifically, in S42, the controller sets the water content M after the processing and a preset water content threshold McComparing; if the water content M after treatment is less than the water content set threshold value McThe outlet adjusting device enlarges the discharge hole; if the water content M after treatment is larger than the set water content threshold McThe outlet adjusting device reduces the dischargeAnd (4) a mouth.
In the continuous drying method in this embodiment, the first moisture detector at the feed inlet detects the original moisture content of the grain, and feeds back the result to the control device. The control device controls the heating unit in the drying layer close to the feeding hole to work according to the detection result of the original water content; and the control device also controls the operation of the heating unit in the immediately-downstream next drying layer according to the detection result of the temperature sensor in the upstream previous drying layer. And finally, controlling a discharge port adjusting device to adjust the size of the discharge port according to the processed water content result at the material outlet.
The initial water content is utilized, the stage that the water content of the grains is in is judged, the heating temperature of the first drying layer is further determined, then the heating temperature of each layer is adjusted according to the detection result of the last layer, the heating temperature of each layer is the most suitable heating temperature, the moisture which needs to adopt different temperature and different types in the grains can be removed at the most suitable temperature, and the waist bursting rate of the grains is reduced.
The control device sets the water content result after treatment and a preset water content threshold value McComparing; if the water content M after treatment is less than the water content set threshold value McThe outlet adjusting device enlarges the discharge hole; if the water content M after treatment is larger than the set water content threshold McThe outlet adjusting device reduces the discharge hole, so that the processing time of the grains is adjusted according to the detection result after the grains are processed, and when the water content is higher than a set value, the heating and drying time is increased, so that the grains are fully dried; when the water content is lower than the set value, the heating and drying time is reduced, and the influence on the quality caused by overheating of the grains is avoided.
For example: the rice is used as the processing object, and the water content is set to a threshold value Mc＝14.5％。
S1: throwing paddy into the bin body from the feeding hole by using a lifter;
s21: the first moisture monitor at the feed inlet detects the original moisture content M of the material0Obtaining M030%, and feeds back the result to the controlA device;
s22: the control device will control the original water content ratio M0Comparing with the water content range in the following table, the water content of the paddy is between 24.5 percent and 31.5 percent, and the first drying layer adopts the ultrahigh water section D5Required drying temperature T5＝70℃～80℃；
S23: at the same time, the temperature sensor in the first drying layer detects the rice temperature t of the drying layer175 ℃, and feeding the result back to the control device; the control device compares the detection result of the temperature sensor in the upstream first drying layer with the drying temperature in the table to determine the drying stage D of the grains5And further setting the working temperature of the heating unit in the second drying layer which is positioned immediately downstream as T460 ℃ to 70 ℃. The working temperature of the heating unit in the third drying layer is similar to that of the rice temperature t detected in the second drying layer267 ℃ set at T3And adjusting the working temperature of each layer of heating units by analogy with the method … … at 50-60 ℃.
Table: water content segmentation table of rice
| i | Drying stage Di | Water content% | Drying temperature Ti/ |
| 1 | Higher water segment D1 | 14.5～15.5 | 40～45 |
| 2 | Higher water fraction D2 | 15.5～17.5 | 45～50 |
| 3 | High water cut D3 | 17.5～20.5 | 50～60 |
| 4 | Ultra high water section D4 | 20.5～24.5 | 60～70 |
| 5 | Ultra high Water fraction D5 | 24.5～31.5 | 70～80 |
S3: discharging the dried rice from a discharge hole;
s41: for example: if the second moisture monitor positioned at the discharge port detects that the moisture content m after the rice treatment is 13.5%;
s42 is the control device setting the water content result after processing and the preset water content threshold McIn comparison of 14.5%, m is found<McThe control device controls the outlet adjusting device to enlarge the discharge hole;
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
s41: the second moisture monitor positioned at the discharge port detects that the moisture content m after the rice treatment is 15.5%;
s42: the control device sets the water content result after treatment and a preset water content threshold value Mc14.5% by weightThen, m is found>McAnd the control device controls the outlet adjusting device to reduce the discharge hole.
Example 4
The continuous drying method provided in this example needs to be performed using the negative pressure continuous dryer provided in example 2, which is different from the method in example 3,
s23: the moisture monitor positioned in the nth layer of drying layer detects the grain temperature t of each drying layernN ∈ {1,2, … … N }, and feeds back the result to the control device; the control device determines the drying stage D of the grains according to the detection result of the moisture monitor in the upstream nth layer drying layeriAnd determining the grain use drying stage D in the (n + 1) th drying layer located immediately downstreami-1Required drying temperature Ti-1And further setting the operating temperature of the heating unit in the (n + 1) th drying layer as Ti-1And sends a temperature adjustment instruction to the (n + 1) th drying layer.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (11)
1. A negative pressure continuous dryer, comprising:
the bin body (1) is provided with a feeding hole (11) positioned at the top of the bin body (1) and a discharging hole (12) at the bottom;
a plurality of drying layers (2) distributed in the bin body (1) along the material moving direction,
the negative pressure device is communicated with an air outlet (22) of the bin body (1) to discharge air from the bin body (1);
the method is characterized in that:
the device also comprises a control device and a detection device electrically connected with the control device, wherein the detection device comprises a moisture detection device which is at least arranged at the feed inlet (11) and the discharge outlet (12);
the discharge port adjusting device (121) and the plurality of heating units (3) are arranged in the drying layers (2), and the heating units (3) and the discharge port adjusting device (121) are electrically connected with the control device; the control device controls the heating unit (3) to work according to the detection result of the moisture detection device at the feed port (11); the control device controls the work of the discharge port adjusting device (121) according to the result of the moisture detection device at the discharge port (12).
2. A negative pressure continuous dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that the control device controls the operation of the heating unit (3) in the drying layer (2) next to the feed opening (11) on the basis of the detection result of the moisture detection device at the feed opening (11).
3. A negative-pressure continuous dryer according to claim 2, characterized in that the detection device further comprises a temperature sensor (5) arranged in each drying layer (2), the temperature sensor (5) is electrically connected with the control unit, and the control unit controls the operation of the heating unit (3) in the immediately downstream next drying layer (2) according to the detection result of the temperature sensor (5) in the upstream previous drying layer (2).
4. A negative pressure continuous dryer according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that each drying layer (2) is correspondingly provided with an air inlet (21) and an air outlet (22), and each air outlet (22) is communicated to the negative pressure device; the dryer also comprises an external heater (32) arranged at each air inlet (21).
5. An underpressure continuous dryer according to any of claims 1-4, characterized in that at least one drying layer (2) is provided with mixing means (9) upstream and/or downstream thereof, which mixing means (9) are mounted on the inner wall of the cabin (1).
6. The negative-pressure continuous dryer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the air inlet (21) and the air outlet (22) of each drying layer (2) are arranged on the side wall of the bin body (1), the air inlet (21) and the air outlet (22) are both provided with punching baffles (8), and the external heater is externally provided with a protective cover (81) surrounded by a plurality of punching baffles (8).
7. An underpressure continuous dryer according to any of claims 1-6, characterized in that the underpressure means is a centrifugal fan (7), which centrifugal fan (7) is connected to each outlet opening (22) by a wind pipe (6).
8. A continuous drying method for drying materials by using the negative pressure continuous dryer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of,
s1: the material enters the bin body (1) from the feeding hole (11);
s2: heating and drying the materials in the bin body (1);
s3: discharging the dried material from a discharge hole (12);
the method is characterized in that:
the step S2 further includes:
s21: the moisture detection device positioned at the feed port (11) detects the original moisture content of the material and feeds the result back to the control device;
s22: and the control device controls the operation of the heating unit (3) in the drying layer (2) close to the feeding hole (11) according to the detection result of the original water content.
9. The continuous drying method according to claim 8, characterized in that: the step S2 further includes the following steps performed concurrently with the step S21:
s23: the temperature sensors (5) positioned in the drying layers (2) detect the material temperature of the drying layers (2), and feed back the result to the control device; the control device controls the operation of the heating unit (3) in the next drying layer (2) which is positioned immediately downstream according to the detection result of the temperature sensor (5) in the previous drying layer (2) which is positioned upstream.
10. The continuous drying method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: step S4 is also included after step S3:
s41: a moisture detection device positioned at the discharge port (12) detects the moisture content m after the material is processed;
s42: and the control device controls the discharge port adjusting device (121) to adjust the size of the discharge port (12) according to the processed water content result.
11. The continuous drying method according to claim 10, characterized in that: the step S42 is:
the control device compares the processed water content result with a preset water content set threshold;
if the water content M after treatment is less than the water content set threshold value McThe discharge port adjusting device (121) enlarges the discharge port (12);
if the water content M after treatment is larger than the set water content threshold McThe discharge port (12) is reduced by a discharge port adjusting device (121).
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