CN1051583A

CN1051583A - A kind of novel process that low grade coal is transform as fat coal

Info

Publication number: CN1051583A
Application number: CN 89108446
Authority: CN
Inventors: 何福林
Original assignee: Nanyue Scientific Technical And Economical Information Service Department Guang
Current assignee: Nanyue Scientific Technical And Economical Information Service Department Guang
Priority date: 1989-11-05
Filing date: 1989-11-05
Publication date: 1991-05-22

Abstract

A kind of novel process, the combustion-supporting inflammable compound that low heat value, the difficult low grade coal that catches fire is added compositions such as nitrate, lime, wood chip becomes calorific value height, fire-hazardous fat coal; Or coal gangue that calorific value is very low, industrial slags, chimney soot, flyash etc. one or more mix with raw coal, be made into the synthetic coal of high-quality, improve the utilization ratio of coal effectively, enlarged the use range of low grade coal, and opened up new way for the processing and utilizing of waste residue.The present invention draws materials easily, and reasonable ratio is simple for production, with low cost, but a kind of not only save energy but also can improve the new technology of environmental pollution of can yet be regarded as.

Description

A kind of novel process that low grade coal is transform as fat coal

The present invention relates to a kind ofly transform low grade coal the novel method of fat coal as, belong to and improve burning to reach the novel process that save energy, control are polluted.

Along with development and national economy, increasing to the demand of coal; Therefore domestic and international general development and utilization low-quality coal resources reaches the utilization ratio that improves low grade coal by every means.Study simultaneously pile up like a mountain in various places, the industrial residue of contaminate environment adds and gives utilization, to reach the purpose that not only increases the energy but also improve environmental pollution.In recent years, the research of this respect also makes encouraging progress both at home and abroad.For example, abroad the someone thinks, adds calcium oxide and can encourage burning in fuel, again fixing sulphur; In solid fuel promotor, add some metal oxide (for example calcium oxide, titanium dioxide, Red copper oxide and zinc oxide etc.) (seeing clear 57-14794 of Japanese Patent and the clear 61-34096 of Japanese Patent) such as the effects of the incendiary of promotion arranged.The research of China [see that Chinese patent 87102028(87.12.16 is open)] think that the defective of foregoing invention is mostly used starting material are chemical agent, price is higher, is difficult for applying.So proposed the new combination ingredient of additive for solid fuel:

Industrial slags 50～75(percent by weight wt%)

Fe ₂O ₃(or iron rust slag) 4～10

Rhombspar 10～30

Chimney soot 4～5

SiO ₂(as river sand, sea sand) 2～5

Can separate out the material 0.5～2 of combustion-supporting or inflammable gas

Though foregoing invention has reasonable combustion-supporting and energy-saving effect, the inorganics composition in forming is excessive, is difficult to burning, the SiO that rhombspar is contained ₂Belong to the indissoluble material, can make boiler scaling and contamination, and excessive use Fe ₂O ₃(especially using the iron rust slag), also inappropriate.Because Fe ₂O ₃Under the effect of stove internally heated, though can play katalysis to the activation of coal, it and Al ₂O ₃The same, crystallization improves slag viscosity easily, often therefore causes boiler scaling or makes original slag become harder.Test shows, quantity and coal incendiary activity that the inorganic mineral oxide compound of iron, calcium, magnesium (mainly be etc.) adds have direct relation.In the few scope of the amount of mineral substance, with the increase of mineral quantity, its active significantly increase, but when the amount of mineral substance surpassed 1000PPM, it reduced greatly to active influence, and along with the increase of amount is gone over to the opposite side gradually.Therefore, for containing sizable low grade coal of inorganic mineral quality and slag, add Fe again ₂O ₃Or the iron rust slag is worthless.

At existing problem in the foregoing invention, the present invention becomes fat coal (or synthetic coal) to add different compositions targetedly at the transformation low grade coal, has found more feasible way.

Below the present invention is made specific description.

Becoming fat coal (or synthetic coal) by low grade coal and mainly constitute among the present invention by three parts.The i.e. major ingredient of being made up of whole low grade coals (or by inorganic slag and former coal mixtures), filler of being made up of red (yellow mud) mud, lime, wood chip and carbonization wood sawdust and combustion-supporting inflammable compound three parts of being made up of SODIUMNITRATE, potassium permanganate, carbonization wood sawdust, wood chip and lime constitute.

In the preparation of fat coal of the present invention, added has combustion-supporting effect and cheap wood chip, the carbonization wood sawdust the like waste of facile price very much.

The prepared fat coal of the present invention is major ingredient, filler and combustion-supporting inflammable compound three parts to be formed, and (wt%) is as follows for its weight percent:

Major ingredient 50～75

Filler 27～38

Combustion-supporting inflammable compound 0.2～2

Described major ingredient can all be a low grade coal, mixes with the mineral waste slag with raw coal as if the fruit major ingredient, then its composition and ratio following (percent by weight part wt%):

Raw coal 40～60

Mineral waste slag 40～60

The composition and the ratio of described filler following (wt%):

Red (Huang) mud 28～38

Lime 22～34

Wood chip 28～38

Carbonization wood sawdust 13～25

Each composition of combustion-supporting inflammable compound of the present invention and proportioning following (wt%):

SODIUMNITRATE 56～70

Potassium permanganate 5～18

Carbonization wood sawdust 5～18

Wood chip 5～18

Lime 5～18

The fat coal of the present invention's preparation, its best (percent by weight wt%) composed as follows:

Major ingredient 65

Filler 33.5

Combustion-supporting inflammable compound 1.5

The best proportioning (wt%) of filler of the present invention is as follows:

Red (Huang) mud 30

Lime 25

Wood chip 30

Carbonization wood sawdust 15

The low grade coal of being said in the major ingredient of the present invention can refer to brown coal, ash-rich such as mud coal, bone coal, semibituminous coal, hard coal, low-calorie coal; Inorganic wastes in the major ingredient can refer to coal gangue, slag, cinder, flyash, chimney soot etc.; The raw coal of indication is the above coals of calorific value 4000 kilocalorie/kilograms.

In the filler of the present invention, lime can replace with limestone powder; Wood chip can be used straw, husk, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, bagasse, straw powder etc., and one or more mix replacement; The carbonization wood sawdust is formed through carbonization lacking under the conditions of air by wood sawdust.

The present invention is according to the composition of general raw coal, and burning of coal mechanism and products of combustion are low and influence all kinds of factor that low grade coal catches fire and select to help to improve calorific value at the low grade coal calorific value, accelerate the following raw material that catches fire:

Potassium permanganate is emitted oxygen in time more than 240 ℃, is strong oxidizer, emits active oxygen when having reductive agent or organism to exist, and potassium permanganate still is a kind of toxication-absorbing agent, can eliminate the objectionable impuritiess such as sulfurous gas that emit in the combustion processes.

SODIUMNITRATE with coal react with in combustion processes, is an oxygenant, can promote burning of coal consumingly.

Lime can promote burning, and fixing sulphur, the minimizing obnoxious flavour.

Wood charcoal powder combines with coal, mixes with SODIUMNITRATE, can play inflammable strong combustion effect.

Wood chip contains xylogen, and it not only the time emits a large amount of heat energy in dehydration, and can with things such as lime, coal react with in combustion processes, emit inflammable gass such as methane, hydrogen.

The carbonization wood sawdust has the dual-use function of wood charcoal powder and wood chip.It and wood chip all stay a large amount of tiny holes in combustion processes, these tiny holes just form numerous oxygen-rich areas after being full of by air, have created very advantageous conditions for the abundant burning of fuel.

The present invention tests by the unification of the motherland standard, is added with the discharge of poisonous waste that discharge of poisonous waste in the coal smoke gas of combustion-supporting inflammable compound is lower than raw coal, is lower than discharging standards.One ton of coal of the present invention of every burning only discharges sulfurous gas 11.8kg, oxynitride 3.5kg, fluorochemical 0.06kg.

Inventive embodiments 1:

With 65 kilograms of major ingredients of the present invention, wherein

Raw coal 50(percent by weight part wt%)

Cinder 43

Chimney 17

33 kilograms of fillers, wherein (wt%)

Yellow mud 30

Wood chip 30

Lime 25

Carbonization wood sawdust 15

2 kilograms of combustion-supporting inflammable compounds, wherein (wt%)

SODIUMNITRATE 60

Potassium permanganate 10

Carbonization wood sawdust 10

Wood chip 10

Lime 10

Above-mentioned three kinds of compositions mix mutually, make fat coal of the present invention, and its technological process is as follows:

Raw coal, cinder are crushed to respectively about particle diameter 1mm, combustion-supporting inflammable compound is poured in the hybrid reactor of cinder and chimney soot after with water dissolution, stir, will have the mixture of combustion-supporting inflammable compound and major ingredient raw coal and filler to stir then, be pressed into the honeycomb briquette of diameter 100mm again.

Above-mentioned honeycomb briquette with add the contrast of burning of big or small identical honeycomb briquettes that 9.9 kilograms of yellow mud mix the back compacting by the identical raw coal of 6.5 kilograms of calorific values, the result is as follows:

Add filler and combustion-supporting inflammable compound and do not add filler and combustion-supporting inflammable compound

Speed catches fire

About the above 11cm of flare 12cm

The red indigo plant of flame color yellow-white

1 hour 53 minutes combustion time

Cinder contains coal clean about 30%

Embodiment 2:

60～70 tons of sugar refinery, Leping, Guangdong Japanese consumpting coal amounts, for some time is owing to advance the normal operation that factory's raw coal quality is inferior, influence is produced, 1008 kilograms of combustion-supporting inflammable compounds among the use the present invention of this factory, be mixed with 58000 kilograms of coals that contain combustion-supporting inflammable compound, drop into the stove internal combustion, calorific value has improved 20～35% as a result, and has solved the problem of bonding (coking) in the stove effectively, has guaranteed the ordinary production of this factory.In combustion processes, find no the harmful substances discharging.

Embodiment 3:

Once do three kinds of coals in 89 years and sent Guangzhou coal company laboratory, carried out coal industry analysis.These three kinds of coals are the A kind respectively: raw coal (100%) calorific value is 5321 kilocalorie/kilograms; The B kind: raw coal, filler each 50%, add combustion-supporting inflammable compound 1.5%, recording calorific value is 5328 kilocalorie/kilograms; The C kind: raw coal, filler respectively account for 50%, do not add combustion-supporting inflammable compound, and calorific value has only 3541 kilocalorie/kilograms as a result.

Claims

1, a kind of novel method that low grade coal is transform as fat coal, comprise the major ingredient that constitutes by bad system coal (and abandoned mine slag and raw coal), filler by formations such as red (Huang) mud, wood chip, lime, the combustion-supporting inflammable compound that is made into by nitrate, potassium permanganate, carbonization wood sawdust, wood chip, it is characterized in that, described fat coal is major ingredient, filler and combustion-supporting inflammable compound three parts to be formed, and (wt%) is as follows for its weight percent:

Major ingredient 55～70

Filler 25～35

Combustion-supporting inflammable compound 0.2～1.8

The composition and the proportioning following (wt%) of described major ingredient (all low grade coal constitutes):

Raw coal 40～60

Mineral waste slag 40～60

The composition and the proportioning of described filler following (wt%):

Red (Huang) mud 25～35

Lime 20～30

Wood chip 25～35

Carbonization wood sawdust 10～20

Used the carbonization wood sawdust in the described combustion-supporting inflammable compound, the proportioning of each component (wt%) is as follows in the inflammable compound:

SODIUMNITRATE 55～65

Potassium permanganate 5～15

Carbonization wood sawdust 5～15

Wood chip 5～15

Lime 5～15

2, according to claim 1, the best group that it is characterized in that described fat coal (synthetic coal) becomes (wt%):

Major ingredient 65

Filler 33.5

Combustion-supporting inflammable compound 1.5

The best proportioning (wt%) of each composition in the described filler:

Red (Huang) mud 30

Lime 25

Wood chip 30

Carbonization wood sawdust 15

3,, it is characterized in that the described low grade coal of making major ingredient can refer to the low-calorie coal of the contour ash content of brown coal, mud coal, bone coal, semibituminous coal or hard coal as claim 1; Inorganic wastes in the described major ingredient can refer to coal gangue, slag, cinder, flyash, chimney soot etc.; Raw coal in the described major ingredient refers to that calorific value is the above coals of 4000 kilocalorie/kilograms.

4, as claim 1, it is characterized in that the lime in the described filler can replace with limestone powder, wood chip can replace with one or more mixtures such as straw, husk, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, bagasse and straw powder.

5,, it is characterized in that described carbonization wood sawdust is to be formed through carbonization under scarce air conditions by wood sawdust as claim 1.