CN102352273B - Biomass carbon for iron ore sintering, preparation thereof and application thereof - Google Patents
Biomass carbon for iron ore sintering, preparation thereof and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102352273B CN102352273B CN201110180200.6A CN201110180200A CN102352273B CN 102352273 B CN102352273 B CN 102352273B CN 201110180200 A CN201110180200 A CN 201110180200A CN 102352273 B CN102352273 B CN 102352273B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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Abstract
The invention relates to a biomass carbon for iron ore sintering, a preparation thereof and an application thereof. The preparation of the biomass carbon is characterized in that: the biomass carbon with the density of 1.1-1.4g/cm<3>, the fixed carbon content of 75-90%, the volatile matter of 5-15% and the calorific value of 25-32MJ/kg is obtained by cooperating low temperature carbonization with high temperature carbonization through adopting a two-stage carbonization technology, and the obtained biomass is crushed into particles with suitable granularity. 0-60% of a fossil fuel can be replaced by the biomass carbon when the biomass carbon is applied to the iron ore sintering. The application is carried out according to a process which is characterized in that: the fossil fuel is replaced by the biomass carbon according to a heat displacement ratio of 0.8-1.0; and iron ore, a flux, return mines and a fuel are burdened, fully mixed, granulated, distributed, ignited, and sintered to prepare agglomerate. Obtained sintering indexes of the agglomerate are completely equal to sintering indexes of agglomerate completely prepared from coke powder, so the biomass carbon allows the discharge amount of COx, SOx and NOx in the sintering process to be greatly reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the sintering industry in ferrous metallurgy field, relate to a kind of biomass carbon for iron ore sintering and preparation and application technology thereof, by biomass are carried out to charing processing, obtain the biomass charcoal fuel of sintering, substitute the fossil energies such as coke powder, hard coal and make sintering fuel, realize the cleaner production of agglomeration for iron mine.
Background technology
Agglomerate is the main iron-containing charge of blast furnace ironmaking, and within 2010, China's Sintering Yield is up to 7.6 hundred million tons.In the blast furnace ferrous burden structure of China, agglomerate generally accounts for more than 75%.Agglomeration for iron mine is typical high energy consumption, high pollution industry, and its process energy consumption is only second to Iron-smelting in iron and steel enterprise, occupies second, is generally the 9%-12% of enterprise's total energy consumption.And in sinter fume, contain a large amount of greenhouse gases CO
2and pollution gas SO
x, NO
xdeng, three's quantity discharged accounts for respectively 10%, 70%, 48% of Iron And Steel Industry total release, is the main source of atmospheric pollution of Iron And Steel Industry.
Solid fuel consumption accounts for sintering circuit total energy consumption 75%～80%, and China's agglomeration for iron mine mainly adopts the fossil oils such as coke powder, hard coal.Sintering process CO
xmainly, from the products of combustion of fossil oil, incomplete combustion generates CO, and perfect combustion generates CO
2; SO in sinter fume
xsource be organosulfur, FeS in iron ore and fuel
2, FeS oxidation and vitriol pyrolytic decomposition, because sulphur content in fuel is far above sulphur content in iron ore, can, up to more than 0.5%, be generally SO in flue gas
xmain source; Sintering process is mainly fuel type NO
x, and thermal NO
xwith Quick-type NO
xgrowing amount seldom, NO
xsource is mainly the at high temperature thermolysis of nitride in fuel, then becomes NO with oxidation symphysis
x.Therefore, fossil oil is sintering process CO
x, SO
x, NO
xthe main source producing.
Adopt clean and inexpensive replacement of fuel coke powder, without fossil oils such as fire coals, be the important channel of alleviating China's environmental pollution and energy scarcity dual-pressure.Biomass energy is to be fixed on tellurian sun power by photosynthesis of plant, is a kind of clean reproducible energy, and because biomass fuel mainly contains C, H, O, and N, S content are low, SO
x, NO
xdischarge is well below fossil class A fuel A, and the CO of burning production
2participate in atmosphere carbon cycle, greenhouse gases belong to zero release substantially, so biomass fuel is applied to agglomeration for iron mine and can effectively reduces CO
x, SO
x, NO
xquantity discharged.
Compare with fossil oils such as hard coal, coke powders, biomass have fugitive constituent high (> 70%), fixation of C content low (< 20%), kindling temperature is low, combustionvelocity is fast, reactivity is good, the feature of easy after-flame, at the aspects such as chemical composition, combustioncharacteristics and fossil oil, have significant difference.While adopting coke powder or hard coal to be fuel, sintering combustion forward position speed and heat front velocity have good consistence.But directly adopt biomass fuel substitute fossil fuels, fire front speed will significantly improve, make the consistence of fire front speed and heat front velocity destroyed, cause sinter bed temperature low, be difficult to meet the high temperature requirement of agglomeration for iron mine.
Therefore, reduce the difference between biomass fuel and fossil oil, be conducive to its application in sintering.Effective means is that biomass are carried out to charing, improves its fixed carbon content, reduces volatile content.At present carbonization product mainly utilizes its good combustionproperty to make light industry fuel, or utilizes the catalysis of its mesh-structured and high-specific surface area and adsorption function for environmental purification.But the carbonization product reactive good, combustionvelocity is fast, specific surface area is high is also not suitable for agglomeration for iron mine.The current report that also there is no the preparation of sintering biomass charcoal and application.
Biomass are carried out to charing processing, make it have suitable incendivity and reactivity, it is the key that biomass charcoal is successfully applied to agglomeration for iron mine, therefore the biomass carbonated treatment technology and the corresponding sintering technology that need exploitation to be applicable to, make combustionvelocity and the bed of material heat transfer rate coupling of biomass charcoal, to improve sinter bed temperature, thereby substitute the fossil oils such as coke powder, hard coal.
The biomass resource amount that China can be developed as the energy is large, is equivalent to 300,000,000 tons of standard coals, but utilization ratio less than 10%, a large amount of valuable biomass fuels are wasted.Various biomass are processed, processed, become agglomeration for iron mine and produce needed fuel, not only can avoid the waste of resource, also can realize the higher value application of resource, and contribute for the cleaner production of sintering industry.
Summary of the invention
First object of the present invention is to provide a kind of sintering biomass charcoal and substitutes the fossil class A fuel As such as coke powder, hard coal, and as the fuel that meets sintering requirement, to reduce the discharge of sintering process greenhouse gases and dusty gas.
Second object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of sintering biomass charcoal, biomass can be made to the fuel that meets sintering requirement by charring process of the present invention, thereby substitutes the fossil class sintering fuels such as coke powder, hard coal.
The 3rd object of the present invention is that application method is the biomass charcoal of gained of the present invention to be applied in agglomeration for iron mine technique and to substitute the fossil oils such as coke powder, hard coal, to reduce the discharge of sintering process greenhouse gases and dusty gas.
Biomass carbon for iron ore sintering provided by the invention, by obtaining after biomass carbonated processing, has following speciality, i.e. the density 1.1～1.4g/cm of biomass charcoal
3, fixed carbon content 75～90%, fugitive constituent 5～15%, calorific value 25～32MJ/kg.
The preparation of biomass carbon for iron ore sintering of the present invention, obtains after charing is processed by biomass.Described charing treating processes comprises: in biomass, add 1～3% reinforcer mid-temperature pitch, mix the method for two sections of charings of rear employing, first biomass are heated to 400～450 ℃ and carry out low-temperature carbonization, be then heated to 500～700 ℃ and carry out high temperature carbonization.
The preferred technical scheme of the present invention is: with the heat-up rate of 4～6 ℃/min, biomass are heated to 400～450 ℃ and carry out low-temperature carbonization, then with the heat-up rate of 10～20 ℃/min, be further heated to 500～700 ℃ and carry out high temperature carbonization.
As biomass carbon for iron ore sintering, be that to be broken into median size be 2～4mm, but the granular mass content that in described biomass charcoal, particle diameter is less than 0.5mm should not surpass whole biomass charcoal quality 25% for well.
Application of the present invention is, by the biomass charcoal that obtains of the present invention, is applied to Substitute For Partial fossil oil in agglomeration for iron mine technique.
The concrete grammar that biomass charcoal of the present invention is applied to agglomeration for iron mine is first by agglutinating test, to determine the consumption that need join sinter mixture when adopting fossil oil (as coke powder or hard coal); By the ratio of biomass charcoal substitute fossil fuels, be no more than 60% of required fossil oil quality; The method of employing heat displacement is calculated the quality of the required biomass charcoal of substitute fossil fuels, and heat substitution rate is 0.8～1.0, the heat that 1KJ heat displacement 0.8～1.0KJ that biomass charcoal discharges is discharged by fossil oil.
Concrete preparation and the application process of biomass carbon for iron ore sintering of the present invention are respectively:
The preparation of biomass charcoal: adopt charring process to process to improve its fixed carbon content, reduce volatile content biomass.Concrete grammar is in biomass, to add the reinforcer mid-temperature pitch that accounts for its mass content 1～3%, mix the method for two sections of charings of rear employing, first with the heat-up rate of 4～6 ℃/min, biomass are heated to 400～450 ℃ and carry out low-temperature carbonization, then with the heat-up rate of 10～20 ℃/min, be further heated to 500～700 ℃ and carry out high temperature carbonization.
Thereby can obtain density 1.1～1.4g/cm
3, fixed carbon content 75～90%, fugitive constituent 5～15%, calorific value 25～32MJ/kg biomass charcoal.It is 2～4mm that biomass charcoal is broken into median size, and the granular mass content that in described biomass charcoal, particle diameter is less than 0.5mm should not surpass 25% of whole biomass charcoal quality.
Biomass charcoal is made fuel applications and is arrived iron ore sintering method: according to the requirement of Sinter Component, adopt quality dosing method batching, fossil oil accounts for 3～6% of Sinter Component mass content, adopts the fossil oil (as coke powder or hard coal) of biomass charcoal alternative 0～60% to carry out agglomeration for iron mine.Will iron ore, fully mix and granulate after flux, sinter return fine, fuel batching, by the compound cloth after granulating to lighting a fire on sinter machine, sintering agglomerate.
The method of described biomass charcoal substitute fossil fuels is its proportioning separately while first determining independent employing coke powder or hard coal by agglutinating test, the alternative a certain proportion of coke powder of method calculating of employing heat displacement or hard coal are (as substituted 20%, 30% coke powder or hard coal etc., but should not surpass 60%) required biomass weight, heat substitution rate is 0.8～1.0 (being the heat of 1KJ heat displacement coke powder 0.8～1.0KJ of discharging of biomass).
In the above scheme of the present invention, described biomass can be selected from comprise the agricultural wastes of maize straw, rice straw or broomcorn straw, the waste material of forestry processing, comprise trees wooden biology, comprise the processing waste of bagasse, oil plant dregs or shell, or one or more the mixture in above biomass.
Biomass charcoal of the present invention has preferably content, density, fugitive constituent and the calorific value of fixed carbon, can make biomass charcoal have suitable incendivity and reactivity at Ore Sintering Process.Biomass charcoal of the present invention is applied to agglomeration for iron mine, can significantly reduces CO
x, SO
x, NO
xquantity discharged.
Biomass charcoal of the present invention, by adopting two-part charing when guaranteeing that biomass charcoal productive rate is high, can effectively improve the content of fixed carbon in biomass, and the intensifying technology of the synchronous coking of bound bitumen, makes biomass charcoal have suitable incendivity and reactivity.Adopt two sections of charring process, heating up at a slow speed, under low-temperature carbonization condition, can improve the productive rate of biomass charcoal, then being rapidly heated, make biomass charcoal under high temperature carbonization condition in C crystal grain crystal growth, thereby suitably reduce incendivity and the reactivity of biomass charcoal, the difference that is conducive to dwindle sintering combustion forward position speed and heat front velocity; In addition, in biomass, add reinforcer pitch, in carbonization process, pitch will decompose, cyclisation, aromizing, polycondensation be until series reaction such as cokings, 400～450 ℃ of low-temperature zone carbonizations at low temperature, 500～700 ℃ of high temperature section coking, its structure is reset, and between biomass charcoal, form C-C bonded bridge, guarantee that biomass charcoal changes into piece, and promote C crystal grain crystal growth, thereby suitably reduce the porosity of biomass charcoal, the difference that is conducive to dwindle sintering combustion forward position speed and heat front velocity.
The present invention is also broken into biomass charcoal median size 2～4mm; Its content of particle that is less than 0.5mm for particle diameter should be less than 25% biomass charcoal, by the granularity of abundant control biomass carbon, guarantees that fuel can make again its combustionvelocity unlikely too fast by after-flame in sintering process.
The present invention, in agglomeration for iron mine application, adopts the method for heat displacement, by selecting suitable heat substitution rate, makes sintering process have enough heats, guarantees the Yield and quality index of agglomerate.
Biomass charcoal of the present invention application is characterised in that control techniques and the corresponding sintering technology consisting of fuel granularity, and making biomass charcoal is that sintering process fuel combustion speed and the bed of material heat transfer rate of fuel has good matching.
The per-cent of indication of the present invention is mass percent.
Embodiment
Example is to further illustrate of the present invention below, rather than restriction scope of invention.
Concrete operation method:
In forestry waste sawdust, add the mid-temperature pitch that accounts for total mass 2%, after mixing, carry out charing, first with the heat-up rate of 5 ℃/min, biomass are heated to 400 ℃ and carry out low-temperature carbonization, then with the heat-up rate of 12 ℃/min, be further heated to 600 ℃ and carry out high temperature carbonization, obtain density 1.2g/cm
3, fixed carbon content 83.74%, fugitive constituent 7.55%, calorific value 30.77MJ/kg biomass charcoal.By biomass charcoal be broken into median size be 2.41mm and-sintering fuel that 0.5mm content is 23.58%.Biomass charcoal and coke powder aspect chemical composition and technical analysis, ash content composition, size composition contrast respectively in Table 1～table 3.
The chemical composition of table 1 fuel and technical analysis
The chemical composition of table 2 fuel ash (%)
The size composition of table 3 fuel
Application example 1:
According to the mass ratio batching that mixes iron ore 60.73%, rhombspar 5.58%, Wingdale 2.16%, unslaked lime 4.62%, sinter return fine 23.08%, (obtaining sinter chemical composition is: TFe57.5%, SiO
24.82%, R2.0, MgO2.0%), while all taking coke powder, suitable proportion is 3.85%.Adopt biomass charcoal to substitute 20% coke powder, heat substitution rate is 1, mixing after batching, granulation, cloth, igniting, sintering, its sintering index is in Table 4, known, adopts biomass charcoal to substitute the sintering index that 20% coke powder obtains, can be suitable with the index of whole employing coke powders, and CO
x, SO
x, NO
xcan reduce discharging respectively approximately 20%, 15%, 15%.
Application example 2:
According to the mass ratio batching that mixes iron ore 60.73%, rhombspar 5.58%, Wingdale 2.16%, unslaked lime 4.62%, sinter return fine 23.08%, (obtaining sinter chemical composition is: TFe57.5%, SiO
24.82%, R2.0, MgO2.0%), while all taking coke powder, suitable proportion is 3.85%.Adopt biomass charcoal to substitute 40% coke powder, calorific value substitution rate is 0.85, mixing after batching, granulation, cloth, igniting, sintering, its sintering index is in Table 4, known, adopts biomass charcoal to substitute the sintering index that 40% coke powder obtains, can be suitable with the index of whole employing coke powders, and CO
x, SO
x, NO
xcan reduce discharging respectively approximately 40%, 30%, 30%.
Table 4 sawdust replaces the impact of coke powder on agglomeration for iron mine
Claims (7)
1. a biomass carbon for iron ore sintering, is that biomass are obtained after charing is processed, the density 1.1～1.4g/cm of the biomass charcoal of gained
3, fixed carbon content 75～90%, fugitive constituent 5～15%, calorific value 25～32MJ/kg; Described charing is treated to: in biomass, add the reinforcer mid-temperature pitch that accounts for its mass content 1～3%, mix the method for two sections of charings of rear employing, first biomass are heated to 400～450 ℃ and carry out low-temperature carbonization, and then be heated to 500～700 ℃ and carry out high temperature carbonization; With the heat-up rate of 4～6 ℃/min, biomass are heated to 400～450 ℃ and carry out low-temperature carbonization, then with the heat-up rate of 10～20 ℃/min, reheat 500～700 ℃ and carry out high temperature carbonization.
2. biomass carbon for iron ore sintering according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the median size of described biomass charcoal is that its mass content of particle that 2～4mm and particle diameter are less than 0.5mm is no more than 25% of whole biomass charcoal quality.
3. biomass carbon for iron ore sintering according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described biomass are selected from the agricultural wastes that comprise maize straw, rice straw or broomcorn straw, the waste material of forestry processing, the wooden biology that comprises trees, the processing waste that comprises bagasse, oil plant dregs or shell, or one or more the mixture in above biomass.
4. a preparation method for biomass carbon for iron ore sintering, is characterized in that, biomass are obtained to biomass charcoal after charing is processed; Density 1.1～the 1.4g/cm of the biomass charcoal of gained
3, fixed carbon content 75～90%, fugitive constituent 5～15%, calorific value 25～32MJ/kg; Described charing is treated to: in biomass, add 1～3% reinforcer mid-temperature pitch, mix the method for two sections of charings of rear employing, first biomass are heated to 400～450 ℃ and carry out low-temperature carbonization, and then be further heated to 500～700 ℃ and carry out high temperature carbonization; With the heat-up rate of 4～6 ℃/min, biomass are heated to 400～450 ℃ before this and carry out low-temperature carbonization, then with the heat-up rate of 10～20 ℃/min, be further heated to 500～700 ℃ and carry out high temperature carbonization.
5. preparation method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described biomass be selected from comprise the agricultural wastes of maize straw, rice straw or broomcorn straw, the waste material of forestry processing, comprise trees wooden biology, comprise the processing waste of bagasse, oil plant dregs or shell, or one or more the mixture in above biomass.
6. preparation method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, it is 2～4mm that described biomass charcoal is broken into median size, and its mass content of particle that particle diameter is less than 0.5mm is no more than 25% of whole biomass charcoal quality.
7. the application method of the biomass charcoal of claim 1-3 any one gained, is applied to Substitute For Partial fossil oil in agglomeration for iron mine technique by the biomass charcoal of gained; Application process is: first by agglutinating test, determined and adopted fossil oil need join the consumption of sinter mixture; With the substitution ratio of biomass charcoal substitute fossil fuels, be no more than 60% of required fossil oil quality; The method of employing heat displacement is calculated the quality of the required biomass charcoal of substitute fossil fuels, and heat substitution rate is 0.8～1.0, the heat that 1KJ heat displacement 0.8～1.0KJ that biomass charcoal discharges is discharged by fossil oil.
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| CN102586529B (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2013-08-07 | 北京科技大学 | Rotary hearth furnace iron-making method utilizing biomass carbon-containing pellet to serve as raw material |
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| CN104673948A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-06-03 | 中南大学 | Iron making furnace burden and mineralizing method of iron making furnace burden |
| CN106517141A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-03-22 | 郑州人造金刚石及制品工程技术研究中心有限公司 | Novel hair charring method |
| CN107353920A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2017-11-17 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of civilian clean coke and its preparation technology |
| CN108865316B (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2023-07-11 | 华北理工大学 | Preparation method of biomass fuel applied to iron ore sintering |
| CN108277029A (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-07-13 | 武汉科技大学 | A kind of agglomeration for iron mine Combustion Properties of Municipal Solid Waste charcoal and its preparation and application process |
| CN109443002B (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2023-11-28 | 昆明理工大学 | Iron ore sintering method for replacing coke by biomass charcoal based on fuel stratification and flue gas circulation |
| CN109628733B (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2020-02-04 | 中南大学 | Low-carbon low-NOx sintering method based on reasonable fuel distribution |
| CN113789438B (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2022-09-27 | 北京科技大学 | Method for sintering iron ore by using carbon-containing organic material |
| CN114657001B (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2023-06-20 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing composite fuel for sintering |
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