CN102352273A - Biomass carbon for iron ore sintering, preparation thereof and application thereof - Google Patents
Biomass carbon for iron ore sintering, preparation thereof and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102352273A CN102352273A CN2011101802006A CN201110180200A CN102352273A CN 102352273 A CN102352273 A CN 102352273A CN 2011101802006 A CN2011101802006 A CN 2011101802006A CN 201110180200 A CN201110180200 A CN 201110180200A CN 102352273 A CN102352273 A CN 102352273A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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Abstract
The invention relates to a biomass carbon for iron ore sintering, a preparation thereof and an application thereof. The preparation of the biomass carbon is characterized in that: the biomass carbon with the density of 1.1-1.4g/cm<3>, the fixed carbon content of 75-90%, the volatile matter of 5-15% and the calorific value of 25-32MJ/kg is obtained by cooperating low temperature carbonization with high temperature carbonization through adopting a two-stage carbonization technology, and the obtained biomass is crushed into particles with suitable granularity. 0-60% of a fossil fuel can be replaced by the biomass carbon when the biomass carbon is applied to the iron ore sintering. The application is carried out according to a process which is characterized in that: the fossil fuel is replaced by the biomass carbon according to a heat displacement ratio of 0.8-1.0; and iron ore, a flux, return mines and a fuel are burdened, fully mixed, granulated, distributed, ignited, and sintered to prepare agglomerate. Obtained sintering indexes of the agglomerate are completely equal to sintering indexes of agglomerate completely prepared from coke powder, so the biomass carbon allows the discharge amount of COx, SOx and NOx in the sintering process to be greatly reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the sintering industry in ferrous metallurgy field; Relate to a kind of agglomeration for iron mine with biomass charcoal and preparation and utilisation technology; Handle through biomass being carried out charing; Obtain the biomass charcoal fuel of sintering; Substitute fossil energies such as coke powder, hard coal and make sintering fuel, realize the cleaner production of agglomeration for iron mine.
Background technology
Agglomerate is the main iron-containing charge of blast furnace ironmaking, and China's agglomerate output was up to 7.6 hundred million tons in 2010.In the blast furnace ferrous burden structure of China, agglomerate generally accounts for more than 75%.Agglomeration for iron mine is typical high energy consumption, high pollution industry, and its process energy consumption is only second to the ironmaking operation in iron and steel enterprise, occupies second, is generally the 9%-12% of enterprise's total energy consumption.And contain a large amount of greenhouse gases CO in the sinter fume
2And pollution gas SO
x, NO
xDeng, three's quantity discharged accounts for 10%, 70%, 48% of Iron And Steel Industry total release respectively, is the main source of atmospheric pollution of Iron And Steel Industry.
Solid fuel consumption accounts for sintering circuit total energy consumption 75%～80%, and China's agglomeration for iron mine mainly adopts fossil oils such as coke powder, hard coal.Sintering process CO
xMainly from the products of combustion of fossil oil, incomplete combustion generates CO, and perfect combustion generates CO
2SO in the sinter fume
xThe source be organosulfur, FeS in iron ore and the fuel
2, FeS oxidation and vitriol pyrolytic decomposition because sulphur content can be SO in the flue gas up to more than 0.5% generally far above sulphur content in the iron ore in the fuel
xMain source; Sintering process is mainly fuel type NO
x, and heating power type NO
xWith quick type NO
xGrowing amount seldom, NO
xThe source mainly is the nitride thermolysis at high temperature in the fuel, becomes NO with the oxidation symphysis again
xTherefore, fossil oil is sintering process CO
x, SO
x, NO
xThe main source that produces.
Adopting cleaning and inexpensive fuel to substitute fossil oils such as coke powder, no fire coal is the important channel of alleviating China's environmental pollution and energy scarcity dual-pressure.Biomass energy is to be fixed in tellurian sun power by photosynthesis of plant, is a kind of clean reproducible energy, because biomass fuel mainly contains C, H, O, and N, S content are low, SO
x, NO
xDischarging is well below the fossil class A fuel A, and the CO of burning production
2Participate in the atmosphere carbon cycle, greenhouse gases belong to zero release basically, so biomass fuel is applied to agglomeration for iron mine and can effectively reduces CO
x, SO
x, NO
xQuantity discharged.
Compare with fossil oils such as hard coal, coke powders; Biomass have fugitive constituent height (＞70%), fixation of C content low (＜20%), kindling temperature is low, combustionvelocity is fast, reactivity is good, the characteristics of easy after-flame, at aspects such as chemical ingredients, combustioncharacteristics and fossil oil significant difference are arranged.When adopting coke powder or hard coal to be fuel, sintering combustion forward position speed and heat transfer forward position speed have good consistence.But directly adopt biomass fuel to substitute fossil oil, fire front speed will significantly improve, and make the consistence of fire front speed and heat transfer forward position speed be destroyed, and cause the sinter bed temperature low, be difficult to satisfy the high temperature requirement of agglomeration for iron mine.
Therefore, reduce the difference between biomass fuel and the fossil oil, help its application in sintering.Effective means is that biomass are carried out charing, improves its fixed carbon content, reduces volatile content.At present carbonization product mainly utilizes its good combustionproperty to make light industry fuel, or utilizes it mesh-structuredly to be used for environmental purification with catalysis and adsorption function high-specific surface area.But the carbonization product reactive good, that combustionvelocity is fast, specific surface area is high also is not suitable for agglomeration for iron mine.The current report that does not also have the preparation of sintering biomass charcoal and use.
Biomass are carried out charing to be handled; Make it have suitable incendivity and reactivity; Be the key of biomass charcoal successful Application to agglomeration for iron mine; Therefore the biomass carbonated treatment technology and corresponding sintering technology that need exploitation to be fit to; Make the combustionvelocity and the bed of material heat transfer rate coupling of biomass charcoal; With raising sinter bed temperature, thereby substitute fossil oils such as coke powder, hard coal.
The biomass resource amount that China can be developed as the energy is big, is equivalent to 300,000,000 tons of standard coals, but utilization ratio less than 10%, a large amount of valuable biomass fuels are wasted.Various biomass are processed, handled, become agglomeration for iron mine and produce needed fuel, not only can avoid the waste of resource, also can realize the higher value application of resource, and contribute for the cleaner production of sintering industry.
Summary of the invention
First purpose of the present invention provides a kind of sintering biomass charcoal and substitutes fossil class A fuel As such as coke powder, hard coal, and as the fuel that meets the sintering requirement, to reduce the discharging of sintering process greenhouse gases and dusty gas.
The preparation method that second purpose of the present invention provides the sintering biomass charcoal can process the fuel that meets the sintering requirement through charring process of the present invention with biomass, thereby substitutes fossil class sintering fuels such as coke powder, hard coal.
The 3rd purpose of the present invention is that application method is the biomass charcoal of gained of the present invention is applied to fossil oils such as alternative coke powder, hard coal in the agglomeration for iron mine technology, to reduce the discharging of sintering process greenhouse gases and dusty gas.
Agglomeration for iron mine biomass charcoal provided by the invention through obtaining after the biomass carbonated processing, has following speciality, i.e. the density 1.1～1.4g/cm of biomass charcoal
3, fixed carbon content 75～90%, fugitive constituent 5～15%, calorific value 25～32MJ/kg.
Agglomeration for iron mine of the present invention obtains after charing is handled through biomass with the preparation of biomass charcoal.Described charing treating processes comprises: in biomass, add 1～3% reinforcer mid-temperature pitch, adopt the method for two sections charings behind the mixing, earlier biomass are heated to 400～450 ℃ and carry out low-temperature carbonization, be heated to 500～700 ℃ then and carry out high temperature carbonization.
Optimized technical scheme of the present invention is: with the heat-up rate of 4～6 ℃/min biomass are heated to 400～450 ℃ and carry out low-temperature carbonization, further be heated to 500～700 ℃ with the heat-up rate of 10～20 ℃/min then and carry out high temperature carbonization.
Using biomass charcoal as agglomeration for iron mine is that it is broken into median size is 2～4mm, but in the described biomass charcoal particle diameter less than the granular mass content of 0.5mm should not surpass whole biomass charcoal quality 25% for well.
Application of the present invention is, with the biomass charcoal that obtains of the present invention, is applied to and substitutes the part fossil oil in the agglomeration for iron mine technology.
The concrete grammar that biomass charcoal of the present invention is applied to agglomeration for iron mine is to confirm when adopting fossil oil (like coke powder or hard coal), need join the consumption of sinter mixture earlier through agglutinating test; The ratio that substitutes fossil oil with biomass charcoal is no more than 60% of required fossil oil quality; Adopt the heat method of replacement to calculate the quality that substitutes the required biomass charcoal of fossil oil, the heat substitution rate is 0.8～1.0, i.e. the heat that discharged by fossil oil of 1KJ heat displacement 0.8～1.0KJ of discharging of biomass charcoal.
Agglomeration for iron mine of the present invention is respectively with the concrete preparation and the application process of biomass charcoal:
The preparation of biomass charcoal: adopt charring process that biomass are handled to improve its fixed carbon content, to reduce volatile content.Concrete grammar is in biomass, to add the reinforcer mid-temperature pitch that accounts for its mass content 1～3%; Adopt the method for two sections charings behind the mixing; At first biomass are heated to 400～450 ℃ and carry out low-temperature carbonization, further be heated to 500～700 ℃ with the heat-up rate of 10～20 ℃/min then and carry out high temperature carbonization with the heat-up rate of 4～6 ℃/min.
Thereby can obtain density 1.1～1.4g/cm
3, fixed carbon content 75～90%, fugitive constituent 5～15%, calorific value 25～32MJ/kg biomass charcoal.It is 2～4mm that biomass charcoal is broken into median size, and particle diameter should be above 25% of whole biomass charcoal quality less than the granular mass content of 0.5mm in the described biomass charcoal.
Biomass charcoal is made fuel applications and is arrived the agglomeration for iron mine method: adopt quality dosing method batching according to the requirement of agglomerate composition; Fossil oil accounts for 3～6% of agglomerate composition quality content, adopts the fossil oil (like coke powder or hard coal) of biomass charcoal alternative 0～60% to carry out agglomeration for iron mine.With the abundant mixing and granulating in iron ore, flux, sinter return fine, fuel batching back, with the compound cloth after granulating light a fire to the sinter machine, sintering agglomerate.
The method that said biomass charcoal substitutes fossil oil is its proportioning separately when adopting coke powder or hard coal separately through agglutinating test is definite earlier; Adopt alternative a certain proportion of coke powder of heat method of replacement calculating or hard coal (as substituting 20%; 30% coke powder or hard coal etc.; But should not surpass 60%) required biomass weight, the heat substitution rate is 0.8～1.0 (being the heat of 1KJ heat displacement coke powder 0.8～1.0KJ of discharging of biomass).
In the above scheme of the present invention; Described biomass can be selected from the agricultural wastes that comprise maize straw, rice straw or broomcorn straw, forestry processing waste material, comprise trees wooden biology, comprise the processing waste of bagasse, oil plant dregs or shell, or one or more the mixture in the above biomass.
Biomass charcoal of the present invention has content, density, fugitive constituent and the calorific value of more excellent fixed carbon, can make biomass charcoal have suitable incendivity and reactivity in the agglomeration for iron mine process.Biomass charcoal of the present invention is applied to agglomeration for iron mine, can significantly reduces CO
x, SO
x, NO
xQuantity discharged.
Biomass charcoal of the present invention can effectively improve the content of fixed carbon in the biomass through adopting the two-part charing when guaranteeing that the biomass charcoal productive rate is high, and the synchronous pyrogenic intensifying technology of bound bitumen, makes biomass charcoal have suitable incendivity and reactivity.Adopt two sections charring process; At the productive rate that heats up, can improve under the low-temperature carbonization condition biomass charcoal at a slow speed; Be rapidly heated, making C crystal grain crystal growth in the biomass charcoal under the high temperature carbonization condition then; Thereby suitably reduce the incendivity and the reactivity of biomass charcoal, help dwindling the difference of sintering combustion forward position speed and heat transfer forward position speed; In addition; In biomass, add reinforcer pitch; In carbonization process; Pitch will decompose, cyclisation, aromizing, polycondensation be until series reaction such as cokings; 400～450 ℃ of low-temperature zone carbonizations at low temperature; 500～700 ℃ of high temperature section coking; Its structure is reset; And form the C-C bonded bridge between the biomass charcoal; Guarantee that biomass charcoal changes into piece; And promote C crystal grain crystal growth, thus suitably reduce the porosity of biomass charcoal, help dwindling the difference of sintering combustion forward position speed and heat transfer forward position speed.
The present invention also is broken into biomass charcoal median size 2～4mm; Should be less than 25% biomass charcoal for particle diameter less than its content of particle of 0.5mm, through the granularity of abundant control biomass carbon, assurance fuel can make its combustionvelocity unlikely too fast again by after-flame in sintering process.
The present invention adopts the heat method of replacement in agglomeration for iron mine is used, through the heat substitution rate of selecting to suit, make sintering process have enough heats, guarantees output, the quality index of agglomerate.
Biomass charcoal of the present invention is used and is characterised in that control techniques and the corresponding sintering technology of forming through fuel granularity, and making biomass charcoal is that the sintering process fuel combustion speed and the bed of material heat transfer rate of fuel has good matching.
The per-cent of indication of the present invention is mass percent.
Embodiment
Following instance is to further specify of the present invention, rather than the restriction scope of invention.
Concrete operation method:
In the forestry waste sawdust, add the mid-temperature pitch that accounts for total mass 2%; Carry out charing behind the mixing; At first biomass are heated to 400 ℃ and carry out low-temperature carbonization with the heat-up rate of 5 ℃/min; Further be heated to 600 ℃ with the heat-up rate of 12 ℃/min then and carry out high temperature carbonization, obtain density 1.2g/cm
3, fixed carbon content 83.74%, fugitive constituent 7.55%, calorific value 30.77MJ/kg biomass charcoal.With biomass charcoal be broken into median size be 2.41mm and-0.5mm content is 23.58% sintering fuel.Biomass charcoal and coke powder are seen table 1～table 3 respectively in contrast aspect chemical ingredients and technical analysis, ash content composition, the size composition.
The chemical ingredients of table 1 fuel and technical analysis
The chemical ingredients of table 2 fuel ash (%)
The size composition of table 3 fuel
Application example 1:
Mass ratio according to mixing iron ore 60.73%, rhombspar 5.58%, Wingdale 2.16%, unslaked lime 4.62%, sinter return fine 23.08% is prepared burden, and (obtaining the agglomerate chemical ingredients is: TFe57.5%, SiO
24.82%, R2.0, MgO2.0%), suitable proportion is 3.85% when all taking coke powder.Adopt biomass charcoal to substitute 20% coke powder, the heat substitution rate is 1, batching back mixing, granulation, cloth, igniting, sintering; Its sintering index is seen table 4, can know, adopts biomass charcoal to substitute the sintering index that 20% coke powder obtains; Can be suitable with the index of whole employing coke powders, and CO
x, SO
x, NO
xCan reduce discharging about 20%, 15%, 15% respectively.
Application example 2:
Mass ratio according to mixing iron ore 60.73%, rhombspar 5.58%, Wingdale 2.16%, unslaked lime 4.62%, sinter return fine 23.08% is prepared burden, and (obtaining the agglomerate chemical ingredients is: TFe57.5%, SiO
24.82%, R2.0, MgO2.0%), suitable proportion is 3.85% when all taking coke powder.Adopt biomass charcoal to substitute 40% coke powder, the calorific value substitution rate is 0.85, batching back mixing, granulation, cloth, igniting, sintering; Its sintering index is seen table 4, can know, adopts biomass charcoal to substitute the sintering index that 40% coke powder obtains; Can be suitable with the index of whole employing coke powders, and CO
x, SO
x, NO
xCan reduce discharging about 40%, 30%, 30% respectively.
Table 4 sawdust replaces the influence of coke powder to agglomeration for iron mine
Claims (11)
1. an agglomeration for iron mine biomass charcoal is that biomass are obtained the density 1.1～1.4g/cm of the biomass charcoal of gained after charing is handled
3, fixed carbon content 75～90%, fugitive constituent 5～15%, calorific value 25～32MJ/kg.
2. agglomeration for iron mine biomass charcoal according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Charing is treated to: in biomass, add the reinforcer mid-temperature pitch that accounts for its mass content 1～3%; Adopt the method for two sections charings behind the mixing; Promptly earlier biomass are heated to 400～450 ℃ and carry out low-temperature carbonization, and then be heated to 500～700 ℃ and carry out high temperature carbonization.
3. agglomeration for iron mine biomass charcoal according to claim 2; It is characterized in that; With the heat-up rate of 4～6 ℃/min biomass are heated to 400～450 ℃ and carry out low-temperature carbonization, ℃ carry out high temperature carbonization with heat-up rate reheat to 500～700 of 10～20 ℃/min then.
4. agglomeration for iron mine biomass charcoal according to claim 1 is characterized in that, to be 2～4mm and particle diameter be no more than 25% of whole biomass charcoal quality less than its mass content of particle of 0.5mm to the median size of described biomass charcoal.
5. agglomeration for iron mine biomass charcoal according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Said biomass are selected from the agricultural wastes that comprise maize straw, rice straw or broomcorn straw; The waste material of forestry processing; The wooden biology that comprises trees; The processing waste that comprises bagasse, oil plant dregs or shell, or one or more the mixture in the above biomass.
6. an agglomeration for iron mine is with the preparation method of biomass charcoal; It is characterized in that; Biomass, charing are obtained biomass charcoal after handling; Described charing is treated to: in biomass, add 1～3% reinforcer mid-temperature pitch; Adopt the method for two sections charings behind the mixing; Promptly earlier biomass are heated to 400～450 ℃ and carry out low-temperature carbonization, and then further be heated to 500～700 ℃ and carry out high temperature carbonization.
7. preparation method according to claim 6; It is characterized in that; With the heat-up rate of 4～6 ℃/min biomass are heated to 400～450 ℃ before this and carry out low-temperature carbonization, further be heated to 500～700 ℃ with the heat-up rate of 10～20 ℃/min then and carry out high temperature carbonization.
8. preparation method according to claim 6; It is characterized in that; Said biomass be selected from the agricultural wastes that comprise maize straw, rice straw or broomcorn straw, forestry processing waste material, comprise trees wooden biology, comprise the processing waste of bagasse, oil plant dregs or shell, or one or more the mixture in the above biomass.
9. preparation method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, it is 2～4mm that described biomass charcoal is broken into median size, and particle diameter is no more than 25% of whole biomass charcoal quality less than its mass content of particle of 0.5mm.
10. the application method of the biomass charcoal of each gained of claim 1-9 is applied to the biomass charcoal of gained and substitutes the part fossil oil in the agglomeration for iron mine technology.
11. agglomeration for iron mine according to claim 10 is characterized in that with the application method of biomass charcoal application process is: confirm adopting fossil oil need join the consumption of sinter mixture through agglutinating test earlier; The alternative ratio that substitutes fossil oil with biomass charcoal is no more than 60% of required fossil oil quality; Adopt the heat method of replacement to calculate the quality that substitutes the required biomass charcoal of fossil oil, the heat substitution rate is 0.8～1.0, i.e. the heat that discharged by fossil oil of 1KJ heat displacement 0.8～1.0KJ of discharging of biomass charcoal.
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Cited By (16)
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| CN102296177A (en) * | 2011-08-29 | 2011-12-28 | 中南大学 | Method for reinforcing sintering of iron ores difficult to pelletize by biomass fuel |
| CN102586529A (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2012-07-18 | 北京科技大学 | Rotary hearth furnace iron-making method utilizing biomass carbon-containing pellet to serve as raw material |
| CN102839280A (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2012-12-26 | 中南大学 | Selective distribution and granulation method of fuel for enhancing iron ore sintering with biomass energy |
| CN103074486A (en) * | 2013-01-29 | 2013-05-01 | 中南大学 | Method for energy conservation and emission reduction of manganese mineral powder sintering |
| CN104371748A (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2015-02-25 | 东华大学 | Preparation method of high-yield biochar |
| CN104673948A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-06-03 | 中南大学 | Iron making furnace burden and mineralizing method of iron making furnace burden |
| CN106517141A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-03-22 | 郑州人造金刚石及制品工程技术研究中心有限公司 | Novel hair charring method |
| CN107353920A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2017-11-17 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of civilian clean coke and its preparation technology |
| CN108277029A (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-07-13 | 武汉科技大学 | A kind of agglomeration for iron mine Combustion Properties of Municipal Solid Waste charcoal and its preparation and application process |
| CN108865316A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-11-23 | 华北理工大学 | The preparation method of biomass fuel applied to agglomeration for iron mine |
| CN109443002A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-03-08 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of agglomeration for iron mine device and method of the biomass carbon substitute for coke based on fuel stratification and flue gas recirculation |
| CN109628733A (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2019-04-16 | 中南大学 | A kind of low NOx sintering method of low-carbon based on fuel reasonable layout |
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| CN115449416A (en) * | 2022-08-10 | 2022-12-09 | 中南大学 | Biomass fuel for calcium carbonate calcination and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102296177A (en) * | 2011-08-29 | 2011-12-28 | 中南大学 | Method for reinforcing sintering of iron ores difficult to pelletize by biomass fuel |
| CN102586529A (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2012-07-18 | 北京科技大学 | Rotary hearth furnace iron-making method utilizing biomass carbon-containing pellet to serve as raw material |
| CN102586529B (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2013-08-07 | 北京科技大学 | Rotary hearth furnace iron-making method utilizing biomass carbon-containing pellet to serve as raw material |
| CN102839280A (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2012-12-26 | 中南大学 | Selective distribution and granulation method of fuel for enhancing iron ore sintering with biomass energy |
| CN103074486A (en) * | 2013-01-29 | 2013-05-01 | 中南大学 | Method for energy conservation and emission reduction of manganese mineral powder sintering |
| CN103074486B (en) * | 2013-01-29 | 2014-11-05 | 中南大学 | Method for energy conservation and emission reduction of manganese mineral powder sintering |
| CN104371748A (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2015-02-25 | 东华大学 | Preparation method of high-yield biochar |
| CN104673948A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-06-03 | 中南大学 | Iron making furnace burden and mineralizing method of iron making furnace burden |
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