CN114657001B - Method for manufacturing composite fuel for sintering - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing composite fuel for sintering Download PDFInfo
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- CN114657001B CN114657001B CN202210326907.1A CN202210326907A CN114657001B CN 114657001 B CN114657001 B CN 114657001B CN 202210326907 A CN202210326907 A CN 202210326907A CN 114657001 B CN114657001 B CN 114657001B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
- C10L5/445—Agricultural waste, e.g. corn crops, grass clippings, nut shells or oil pressing residues
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
- C10L5/442—Wood or forestry waste
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/16—Sintering; Agglomerating
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for manufacturing composite fuel for sintering, which comprises (1) adding desulfurization ash into biomass and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain biomass modified raw material; (2) Carbonizing a biomass modified raw material, wherein the carbonization is divided into two stages, and the carbonization conditions in the first stage are as follows: under the nitrogen environment, the biomass modified raw material is heated to 650-720 ℃ from room temperature; carrying out first-stage heat preservation; the carbonization conditions of the second stage are as follows: continuously heating the formed biomass to 740-810 ℃ in a nitrogen environment; performing second-stage heat preservation, then naturally cooling to room temperature, and crushing to obtain modified biomass carbon powder; (3) Adding combustion improver into the fine ground coke powder, and fully and uniformly mixing to prepare modified coke powder; (4) Spraying quicklime emulsion to the modified biomass carbon powder particles, using the modified biomass carbon powder as a granulating core, using the quicklime emulsion as a binder, and using the modified coke powder as adhesive powder to granulate, so as to prepare the composite fuel for sintering. The calorific value of the composite fuel is improved, and the burning up of the sintered solid is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sintering production, in particular to a manufacturing method of a composite fuel for sintering.
Background
Sintering is to mix various powdered iron-containing materials, fuel and flux, water and pelletizeAnd (3) a series of physical and chemical reactions are carried out on the materials on sintering equipment, and mineral powder particles are bonded into blocks. The sintering production emissions contain a large amount of CO 2 、SO x 、NO x Is a sintering waste gas of (2); SO in exhaust gas x And NO x Mainly resulting from the combustion of fuel. The biomass charcoal is solid charcoal which is formed by putting biomass bark, branches, shells, sawdust and the like into a pyrolysis furnace for heating and decomposing. Biomass carbonization is a process of heating to high temperature under the condition of no air ventilation to cause physical and chemical changes of carbonized substances, namely raw materials, drying, rod making, carbonization and finished carbon. Biomass charcoal is a renewable clean energy source, has huge reserves and can be regenerated, and CO generated by combustion of biomass charcoal 2 Takes part in the atmospheric carbon circulation, and the biomass fuel has the characteristics of low S and low N, so that the sintering CO can be reduced from the source 2 、SO 2 And NO x Is generated.
The biomass charcoal is loose and porous, so that the combustion reaction is too fast, the density is low, the heat value is low, and the biomass charcoal is directly applied to sintering, which can cause mismatching of flame front and heat wave front moving speed, and influences indexes such as strength, yield and metallurgical performance of a sintered ore drum. The patent with the application number of 201110180200.6 discloses that biomass charcoal fuel for sintering is obtained by carbonizing biomass, and fossil energy such as coke powder, anthracite and the like is replaced by the biomass charcoal fuel for sintering, so that clean production of iron ore sintering is realized. The paper "study of biomass and coal co-combustion" briefly introduces the meaning of biomass and coal co-combustion and application prospect thereof, and deeply analyzes biomass pretreatment, combustion characteristics, pollutant emission and the like, and co-combustion mode and co-combustion economy of the biomass and coal co-combustion. Meanwhile, solutions are provided for the problems faced, such as low density of the biological plastid and low ash melting point caused by the low energy density and high alkali metal content.
SO discharged by iron and steel enterprises 2 50 to 70 percent of the components come from the sintering process, and the semi-dry desulfurization technology is generally adopted to remove sintering flue gasSulfur, which is low in investment and high in desulfurization rate, produces a large amount of desulfurized ash during the semi-dry desulfurization. Due to the fact that the desulfurized fly ash contains a large amount of CaSO with unstable properties 3 It may cause resource waste, environmental pollution and land occupation, so how to treat the desulfurization ash becomes a current research hot spot. Along with the increasing requirements of China on solid waste treatment, how to better comprehensively treat and utilize the sintering flue gas desulfurization ash is gradually concerned by researchers, but the existing research neglects the solid waste digestion treatment function of metallurgical enterprises.
Patent CN103627893a discloses a method for sintering flue gas desulfurization ash by dry method and semi-dry method, which comprises adding the flue gas desulfurization ash by dry method and semi-dry method into a sintering mixture according to the mass percentage of 0.5-11.8%, adding water, mixing, pelletizing and sintering according to conventional method to obtain the final product sinter, and carrying out sintering cup test and industrial test to directly return the desulfurization ash as flux for sintering. The method is easy to cause the increase of sulfur content in the sinter, is unfavorable for blast furnace smelting, and simultaneously has CaSO 3 Decomposition also increases SO in flue gas 2 The content increases the subsequent desulfurization burden.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a manufacturing method of composite fuel for sintering, which realizes the pretreatment and recycling of flue gas desulfurization ash, reduces the emission of pollutants in the flue gas during sintering and reduces the cost of the fuel for sintering.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a manufacturing method of composite fuel for sintering comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding desulfurization ash into biomass and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain biomass modified raw materials, wherein the mass fraction of the biomass is 85% -95% and the mass fraction of the desulfurization ash is 5% -15%;
(2) Carbonizing a biomass modified raw material, wherein the carbonization is divided into two stages, and the carbonization conditions in the first stage are as follows: under the nitrogen environment, the biomass modified raw material is heated to 650-720 ℃ from room temperature at a heating rate of 5-10 ℃/min; performing the first-stage heat preservation for 15-25 min; the carbonization conditions of the second stage are as follows: continuously heating the molded biomass to 740-810 ℃ at a heating rate of 15-20 ℃/min in a nitrogen environment; carrying out second-stage heat preservation, wherein the heat preservation time is 25-35 min; naturally cooling to room temperature, and crushing to obtain modified biomass carbon powder;
(3) Finely grinding the coke powder to more than 60% with the mesh less than 100; adding a combustion improver into the finely ground coke powder and fully and uniformly mixing to prepare modified coke powder, wherein the mass fraction of the coke powder is 94-96%, and the mass fraction of the combustion improver is 4-6%; spraying the combustion improver into the fine ground coke powder in a saturated aqueous solution mode;
(4) Spraying quicklime emulsion to modified biomass carbon powder particles, wherein the modified biomass carbon powder is taken as a granulating core, the quicklime emulsion is taken as a binder, and the modified coke powder is taken as adhesive powder to be pelletized, so that the composite fuel for sintering is prepared, wherein the mass fraction of the modified biomass carbon powder is 35% -45%, the mass fraction of the quicklime is 3% -8%, and the mass fraction of the modified coke powder is 50% -62%.
The biomass in the step (1) is any one or more of wood chips, crop straws, bagasse or shells; the desulfurization ash is solid waste generated by dry desulfurization or semi-dry desulfurization of sintering flue gas.
The granularity of the biomass modified raw material in the step (1) is 3-5 mm, wherein the desulfurized fly ash is covered on the surface of the biomass.
The granularity of the modified biomass carbon powder in the step (2) is 1-3 mm.
The combustion improver in the step (3) is one or a mixture of two of calcium permanganate, calcium chlorate, potassium permanganate and potassium chlorate.
The particle size of the composite fuel for sintering in the step (4) is 4-8 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the biomass carbon powder is modified on one hand, the fixed carbon content of the biomass is improved, and the reactivity of the biomass carbon powder is reduced; on the other hand, sulfur elements in the desulfurized fly ash are effectively removed, and the active quicklime for modifying the biomass carbon powder is prepared, so that the recycling of the desulfurized fly ash is realized.
2. According to the invention, the biomass is matched with the desulfurized fly ash for carbonization, and the coke powder is matched with the active agent, so that the reactivity of the biomass carbon powder can be reduced, the reactivity of the coke powder can be improved, the difference of the combustion characteristics of the biomass carbon powder and the coke powder in the composite fuel can be reduced, and the matching property of the combustion front and the heat transfer front of the composite fuel in sintering production can be improved.
3. According to the invention, modified biomass carbon powder is used as a core, quicklime emulsion is used as a binder, and coke powder added with an active agent is used as adhesive powder to prepare the composite fuel for sintering; the active agent promotes the coke powder to burn fully, can improve the calorific value of the composite fuel, reduce the emission of the sintering flue gas pollutants, and reduce the burning up of the sintering solid.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples:
the following examples illustrate the invention in detail. These examples are merely illustrative of the best embodiments of the invention and do not limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The preparation method of the composite fuel for sintering comprises the steps of adding desulfurization ash into biomass and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain a biomass modified raw material, wherein the mass fraction of the biomass is 86%, and the mass fraction of the desulfurization ash is 14%; biomass is the combination of wood chips, crop straws and bagasse; the desulfurization ash is solid waste generated by dry desulfurization or semi-dry desulfurization of sintering flue gas; the granularity of the biomass modified raw material is 3 mm-5 mm; the desulfurized fly ash in the biomass modified raw material is uniformly covered on the surface of the biomass.
Carbonizing a biomass modified raw material, wherein the carbonization is divided into two stages, and the carbonization conditions in the first stage are as follows: under the nitrogen environment, the biomass modified raw material is heated to 670 ℃ from room temperature at a heating rate of 6 ℃/min; and (5) carrying out first-stage heat preservation, wherein the heat preservation time is 18min. The carbonization conditions of the second stage are as follows: continuously heating the molded biomass to 750 ℃ at a heating rate of 17 ℃/min in a nitrogen environment; carrying out second-stage heat preservation, wherein the heat preservation time is 27min; and then naturally cooling to room temperature, and crushing to obtain the modified biomass carbon powder with the granularity of 1-3 mm.
Finely grinding the coke powder to more than 60% with the mesh less than 100; adding a combustion improver into the finely ground coke powder and fully and uniformly mixing to prepare modified coke powder, wherein the mass fraction of the coke powder is 94%, and the mass fraction of the combustion improver is 6%; the combustion improver is sprayed into the fine ground coke powder in a saturated aqueous solution mode, and the combustion improver is a mixture of potassium permanganate and potassium chlorate.
Spraying quicklime emulsion to modified biomass carbon powder particles, using the modified biomass carbon powder as a granulating core, using the quicklime emulsion as a binder, using modified coke powder as adhesive powder for pelletizing, and preparing the composite fuel for sintering with the granularity of 4-8 mm, wherein the mass fraction of the modified biomass carbon powder is 38%, the mass fraction of the quicklime is 5%, and the mass fraction of the modified coke powder is 57%.
After the composite fuel is applied to sintering production, the consumption of the coke powder for sintering is reduced by 25% -30%; the drum strength of the sinter is improved from 79.4% to 85.6%, and the drum strength is improved by 6.2% points; the emission of sulfur and nitrogen pollutants in the sintering flue gas is reduced by 20 to 25 percent; the recycling ratio of the desulfurized fly ash reaches 15% -20%.
Example 2
The preparation method of the composite fuel for sintering comprises the steps of adding desulfurization ash into biomass and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain a biomass modified raw material, wherein the mass fraction of the biomass is 92%, and the mass fraction of the desulfurization ash is 8%; biomass is the combination of wood chips, crop straws and shells; the desulfurization ash is solid waste generated by dry desulfurization or semi-dry desulfurization of sintering flue gas; the granularity of the biomass modified raw material is 3-5 mm; the desulfurized fly ash in the biomass modified raw material uniformly covers the surface of the biomass.
Carbonizing a biomass modified raw material, wherein the carbonization is divided into two stages, and the carbonization conditions in the first stage are as follows: under the nitrogen environment, the biomass modified raw material is heated to 700 ℃ from room temperature at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min; and (5) carrying out first-stage heat preservation, wherein the heat preservation time is 24min. The carbonization conditions of the second stage are as follows: continuously heating the molded biomass to 780 ℃ at a heating rate of 20 ℃/min in a nitrogen environment; carrying out second-stage heat preservation, wherein the heat preservation time is 32min; and then naturally cooling to room temperature, and crushing to obtain the modified biomass carbon powder with the granularity of 1-3 mm.
Finely grinding the coke powder to more than 70% with the mesh less than 100; adding combustion improver into the finely ground coke powder and fully and uniformly mixing to prepare modified coke powder, wherein the mass fraction of the coke powder is 96%, and the mass fraction of the combustion improver is 4%; the combustion improver is sprayed into the fine ground coke powder in a saturated aqueous solution mode, and the combustion improver is calcium permanganate.
Spraying quicklime emulsion to modified biomass carbon powder particles, wherein the modified biomass carbon powder is taken as a granulating core, the quicklime emulsion is taken as a binder, and the modified coke powder is taken as adhesive powder to be pelletized, so that the composite fuel for sintering with the granularity of 4-8 mm is prepared, wherein the mass fraction of the modified biomass carbon powder is 42%, the mass fraction of the quicklime is 7%, and the mass fraction of the modified coke powder is 51%.
After the composite fuel is applied to sintering production, the consumption of the coke powder for sintering is reduced by 30-35%; the drum strength of the sinter is improved from 80.2 percent to 86.1 percent by 5.9 percent; the emission of sulfur and nitrogen pollutants in the sintering flue gas is reduced by 22 to 28 percent; the recycling ratio of the desulfurized fly ash reaches 12% -18%.
Claims (2)
1. A manufacturing approach of compound fuel for sintering, characterized by that, sintering ore drum strength 85.6%, sintering flue gas sulfur nitrogen pollutant discharge reduce 20% -25%; the recycling ratio of the desulfurized fly ash is 15% -20%, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding desulfurization ash into biomass and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain biomass modified raw materials, wherein the mass fraction of the biomass is 85% -95% and the mass fraction of the desulfurization ash is 5% -15%; the desulfurization ash is solid waste generated by dry desulfurization or semi-dry desulfurization of sintering flue gas; the granularity of the biomass modified raw material is 3-5 mm, wherein the desulfurized fly ash covers the surface of the biomass;
(2) Carbonizing a biomass modified raw material, wherein the carbonization is divided into two stages, and the carbonization conditions in the first stage are as follows: under the nitrogen environment, the biomass modified raw material is heated to 650-720 ℃ from room temperature at a heating rate of 5-10 ℃/min; performing the first-stage heat preservation for 15-25 min; the carbonization conditions of the second stage are as follows: continuously heating the molded biomass to 740-810 ℃ at a heating rate of 15-20 ℃/min in a nitrogen environment; carrying out second-stage heat preservation, wherein the heat preservation time is 25-35 min; naturally cooling to room temperature, and crushing to obtain modified biomass carbon powder; the granularity of the modified biomass carbon powder is 1 mm-3 mm;
(3) Finely grinding the coke powder to more than 60% with the mesh less than 100; adding a combustion improver into the finely ground coke powder and fully and uniformly mixing to prepare modified coke powder, wherein the mass fraction of the coke powder is 94-96%, and the mass fraction of the combustion improver is 4-6%; spraying the combustion improver into the fine ground coke powder in a saturated aqueous solution mode; the combustion improver is one or two of calcium permanganate, calcium chlorate, potassium permanganate and potassium chlorate;
(4) Spraying quicklime emulsion to modified biomass carbon powder particles, wherein the modified biomass carbon powder is taken as a granulating core, the quicklime emulsion is taken as a binder, and the modified coke powder is taken as adhesive powder to be pelletized, so that the composite fuel for sintering is prepared, the granularity is 4-8 mm, the mass fraction of the modified biomass carbon powder is 35-45%, the mass fraction of the quicklime is 3-8%, and the mass fraction of the modified coke powder is 50-62%.
2. The method of producing a composite fuel for sintering according to claim 1, wherein the biomass in step (1) is any one or more of wood chips, crop stalks, bagasse, or fruit shells.
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