CN105158017A - Paddy field environmental monitoring sampler and sampling method - Google Patents
Paddy field environmental monitoring sampler and sampling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105158017A CN105158017A CN201510622729.7A CN201510622729A CN105158017A CN 105158017 A CN105158017 A CN 105158017A CN 201510622729 A CN201510622729 A CN 201510622729A CN 105158017 A CN105158017 A CN 105158017A
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Abstract
Provided are a paddy field environmental monitoring sampler and sampling method. The paddy field environmental monitoring sampler comprises a scale guide pipe, a pipe seat, a sealing piston, a gripping handle and a gear rack linkage device. The gear rack linkage device comprises a movable wrench, a gear rack, a shifting sheet reset spring and a movable shifting sheet. A pipe seat gear rack hole is formed in the middle of the pipe seat, the pipe seat is connected with the gripping handle through a screw, and the gripping handle is formed by shearing and bending an iron sheet. The shifting sheet reset spring is arrange at the left end in the gripping handle, the right end of the shifting sheet reset spring is connected with the movable shifting sheet, a shifting sheet gear rack hole is formed in the middle of the movable shifting sheet, a shifting sheet tongue is arranged on the lower portion of the movable shifting sheet, the section of the movable wrench is in a U shape, a wrench pin is arranged at the top of the movable wrench, and the left end of the wrench pin abuts against the shifting sheet tongue.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to farm environment monitoring sampling field, particularly relate to a kind of paddy field environmental monitoring sampler and sampling method.
Background technology
Agricultural chemicals risk monitoring and control is a complicated systems engineering.Both needed prevented for various risk in advance, and also needed to carry out necessary improvement to risk management method in thing and afterwards, go round and begin again, circulate improvement.In recent years; for protecting agriculture production safety, protection agricultural product quality and safety, protection of the environment ecological safety and protection human and livestock health security needs; China starts to strengthen the work of Pesticide use risk monitoring and control; farm environment Risk Monitoring is a wherein important ring; but because work starting is late, basis is poor, also there is incomplete part and demand perfection urgently in some technical method.
Scientific sampling is the preposition important document carrying out Pesticide environment Risk Monitoring, if there is open defect in sampling method and instrument, sample must be caused to depart from real environmental background, occur the problems such as residue fluctuation is large, the confidence level that predicts the outcome is not high, and then bring difficulty to risk assessment.Such as, in the Pesticide environment Risk Monitoring sampling in paddy field, the method that current employing separately samples Soil surface water, soil, virtually isolate the inner link of the two, exist and lack field water layer depth parameter, sample in deficiencies such as the repeatability of vertical space are not good, cause sample carryover testing result can only as general reference, the rigid demand that can not meet environmental forecasting computing and avert risks.And, adopt the multiple types of tools such as water bottle, earth boring auger, grab bucket to carry out the sampling of Soil surface water, soil respectively, also exist and portably use that number of tools is many, operational sequence is loaded down with trivial details, operating personnel's workload large and the dark deficiency such as inaccurate in sample position.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to prior art above shortcomings, a kind of carrying portable is provided, sample accurate paddy field environmental monitoring sampler and resultant sampling method.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of paddy field environmental monitoring sampler, comprise scale conduit, base, packed-piston, handle, tooth bar linkage, described scale tubes connection base, described base connects handle, described scale catheter interior has packed-piston, and described packed-piston leads in-pipe by tooth bar linkage at scale.
Described tooth bar linkage comprises monkey wrench, tooth bar, plectrum back-moving spring, movable plectrum, catch back-moving spring, catch, tooth bar is shaken hands, there is in the middle part of described base base rack bore, described base is connected by screw handle, described handle is tailored by iron sheet and is bent into, the inner left end of described handle has plectrum back-moving spring, described plectrum back-moving spring right-hand member connection activity plectrum, in the middle part of described movable plectrum, there is plectrum rack bore, described movable plectrum bottom has plectrum tongue, described monkey wrench cross section is U-shaped, described monkey wrench top has spanner pin, plectrum tongue is withstood on the left of described spanner pin, described monkey wrench top has handle pin hole, described handle pin hole connects handle pin, described handle pin two ends are fixed on handle, spanner rotates on handle pin, described handle top connects catch by catch pin, described catch rotates on catch pin, there is in the middle part of described catch catch rack bore, described catch inside has catch back-moving spring, described catch back-moving spring left end connects handle side, described handle side has handle rack bore, described catch rack bore, handle rack bore, plectrum rack bore, base rack bore are on same straight line, described tooth bar has driving cog, and described tooth bar left end connects packed-piston through catch rack bore, catch back-moving spring, handle rack bore, plectrum rack bore, plectrum back-moving spring, base rack bore successively.
Described scale conduit is made up of transparent pipe.
The nearly right side of described scale conduit has 2 valves, scale conduit right-hand member adopts external thread to be connected with base internal thread, spacing between described valve and base is greater than the thickness of packed-piston, described scale catheter interior has packed-piston, described packed-piston connects tooth bar left end, and described tooth bar right-hand member connects handle.
A kind of paddy field environmental monitoring sampling method, comprises the following steps:
1, open valve: by lower stop piece, pull out tooth bar handle, piston is retreated to above catheter valve, decontrol catch and make its automatic homing under catch action of reset spring, withstand tooth bar;
2, insert sampling catheter being vented to paddy field: conduit, of holding with a firm grip on the other hand holds handle, by face, vertical for sampler conduit field gently spinning enter topsoil soils and arrive plough sole, excessive gas in conduit is discharged through valve;
3, close valve and form confined space: pull monkey wrench with finger, drive activity plectrum blocks tooth bar and moves forward one to several lattice, after unclamping monkey wrench, movable plectrum is returned to initial position under the effect of plectrum back-moving spring, simultaneously catch blocks tooth bar and prevents from drawing back, repeatedly pine hold monkey wrench and handle then tooth bar continue to move forward, drive piston just to move to below valve, and form confined space above Soil surface water in pipe;
4, extract sampler and read liquid level: slowly vertically extracting sampler, utilizing consistency of soil, atmospheric effect makes Soil surface water, pedotheque is once taken out, reading liquid level rapidly and record according to conduit scale difference;
5, sample separation: predefined pedotheque leaves and takes the degree of depth, continue pine repeatedly and hold monkey wrench and handle, by rack drives piston, earth pillar is discharged conduit, below water column, one section or several sections of earth pillars are intercepted as required with reference to conduit scale, be transferred to accommodating container, latter end earth pillar discharges conduit simultaneously together with Soil surface water, uses syringe to draw Soil surface water and transfers in other container.
Beneficial effect:
The soft or hard degree that conventional method looks paddy field soil is different, need successively use the multiple types of tools such as water bottle, earth boring auger or grab bucket, sample respectively, operational sequence is loaded down with trivial details and tool kind is many to Soil surface water, soil, not Portable belt.Scale catheter interior of the present invention has packed-piston, and tube wall is provided with valve, and described packed-piston connects tooth bar left end, and described tooth bar right-hand member connects handle.Opening, sealing or high pressure conditions is formed according to packed-piston respectively in valve upper-lower position difference during sampling.This structure utilizes atmospheric pressure and soil stickiness, an instrument single job only need be adopted can to complete extraction to Soil surface water, soil, and do not affect by soil soft or hard degree, serves the instrument of simplifying, simple to operate, simplification operation and portable effect.
Conventional method adopts the method for eye estimate roughly to determine the embedded depth of steel earth boring auger or grab bucket, causes sampling position dark inaccurate because instrument self structure reason and observation sight line are subject to the impact of Soil surface water layer.Sampling scale conduit of the present invention adopts transparent material, is convenient to length and the mobile status of looking earth pillar in pipe from exterior monitoring.Described sampling scale conduit scale conduit right-hand member adopts external thread to be connected with base internal thread, base is connected by screw handle, described handle is tailored by iron sheet and is bent into, the inner left end of described handle has plectrum back-moving spring, described plectrum back-moving spring right-hand member connection activity plectrum, described movable plectrum bottom has plectrum tongue, monkey wrench top has spanner pin, plectrum tongue is overlapped on the left of described spanner pin, spanner pin and monkey wrench form lever combination, press monkey wrench bottom to the right, make monkey wrench top to left movement and drive plectrum tongue to left movement.Tooth bar has driving cog, and described tooth bar left end is successively through catch rack bore, catch back-moving spring, handle rack bore, plectrum rack bore, plectrum back-moving spring, base rack bore.Depthkeeping or segmentation are separated the action of pedotheque again to adopt this lever, tooth bar linkage to realize first extracting sample, and move one to several tooth pitch unit by described catch adjusting gear rack at every turn, thus reach the dark effect with going out sample progress in accurate Quality control position.
Conventional method samples Soil surface water, soil respectively, use water bottle to extract the volume of Soil surface water and depthkeeping to sample soil volume and strictly do not press real environmental conditions and keep proportionate relationship, when water layer is crossed dark or excessively shallow, residue fluctuation is comparatively large, and sample can only be used for meeting general water, Pesticide-Polluted Soil concentration monitor.The present invention once completes Soil surface water, soil sample, also claims resultant sampling.Water, earth sample amount are extracted by the volume ratio of true environment, and sampling catheter adopts transparent material and has scale, can try to achieve field water layer depth degree fast and record according to the difference of liquid level up and down in conduit.Not only may be used for detecting the residual concentration of agricultural chemicals at water, soil, owing to adding water depth parameter measurement function, be multiplied by land area by average water layer depth and can estimate volume in the water in field of a certain plot and agricultural chemicals total residue, so can in conjunction with the prediction of other scenario parameters different evaporation, rainfall, irrigation, flow out, the water in field concentration dynamic change of washing under the conditions such as field.In addition, resultant sampling supports a kind of residual algorithm newly.Namely according to protectiveness principle, Soil surface water residues of pesticides concentration is converted as effective constituent amount by sampling volume, adds up to total soil concentration with depthkeeping soil concentration, represent virtual extreme " paddy field falls dry " concentration.Under real environmental conditions, agricultural chemicals soil concentration also fluctuates with the change of Soil surface water layer height, often causes clearing up dependence among equations degree lower, adopts resultant algorithm can play virtual auxiliary effect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is tooth bar linkage structures schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is paddy field environmental monitoring sampler structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
According to drawings and embodiments the present invention is described in further detail below:
Embodiment 1:
A kind of paddy field environmental monitoring sampler, comprise scale conduit 1, base 2, packed-piston 7, handle 4, tooth bar linkage, described scale tubes connection base 2, described base 2 connects handle 4, described scale catheter interior has packed-piston 7, and described packed-piston leads in-pipe by tooth bar linkage at scale.Described tooth bar linkage comprises monkey wrench 3, tooth bar 8, plectrum back-moving spring 10, movable plectrum 11, in the middle part of described base 2, there is base rack bore 19, described base 2 is connected by screw handle 4, described handle 4 is tailored by iron sheet and is bent into, the inner left end of described handle 4 has plectrum back-moving spring 10, described plectrum back-moving spring 10 right-hand member connection activity plectrum 11, in the middle part of described movable plectrum 11, there is plectrum rack bore 18, described movable plectrum 11 bottom has plectrum tongue 22, described monkey wrench 3 cross section is U-shaped, described monkey wrench 3 top has spanner pin 6, both sides, described monkey wrench top have stator, described spanner pin both sides are connected and fixed sheet respectively, plectrum tongue 22 is withstood on the left of described spanner pin, described monkey wrench 3 top has handle pin hole 21, described handle pin hole 21 connects handle pin 5, described handle pin two ends are fixed on handle, spanner rotates on handle pin, described handle 4 top connects catch 15 by catch pin 12, described catch 15 rotates on catch pin 12, in the middle part of described catch 15, there is catch rack bore 16, described catch 15 inside has catch back-moving spring 13, described catch back-moving spring 13 left end connects handle 4 side, described catch back-moving spring right-hand member connects catch, spanner pin and monkey wrench form lever combination, press monkey wrench bottom to the right, make monkey wrench top to left movement and drive plectrum tongue to left movement.Described handle 4 side has handle rack bore 17, described catch rack bore 16, handle rack bore 17, plectrum rack bore 18, base rack bore 19 4 are on same straight line, described tooth bar 8 has driving cog 20, and described tooth bar 8 left end connects packed-piston 7 through catch rack bore 16, catch back-moving spring 13, handle rack bore 17, plectrum rack bore 18, plectrum back-moving spring 10, base rack bore 19 successively.Monkey wrench 3 is pulled with finger, monkey wrench 3 with handle pin 5 for rotating shaft, the spanner pin on top withstands plectrum tongue 22 and is moved to the left drive activity plectrum 11 and is moved to the left, movable plectrum blocks tooth bar and is moved to the left one to several lattice, after unclamping monkey wrench, movable plectrum is returned to initial position under the effect of plectrum back-moving spring, simultaneously catch blocks tooth bar and prevents from moving back to the right, repeatedly pine hold monkey wrench and handle then tooth bar continue to be moved to the left.
Embodiment 2:
Paddy field environmental monitoring sampler described in embodiment 1, described scale conduit 1 is made up of transparent pipe, described scale conduit tool centimeter scale, and sectional or depthkeeping extract earth pillar.There are on the right side of described scale conduit 11 or 2 valves 9, scale conduit right-hand member adopts external thread to be connected with base internal thread, spacing between described valve 9 and base 2 is greater than the thickness of packed-piston 7, described scale conduit 1 inside has packed-piston 7, described packed-piston 7 connects tooth bar 8 left end, and described tooth bar 8 right-hand member connects handle 14.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of paddy field environmental monitoring sampling method, comprises the following steps:
1, open valve: by lower stop piece, pull out tooth bar handle, piston is retreated to above catheter valve, decontrol catch and make its automatic homing under catch action of reset spring, withstand tooth bar;
2, insert sampling catheter being vented to paddy field: conduit, of holding with a firm grip on the other hand holds handle, by face, vertical for sampler conduit field gently spinning enter topsoil soils and arrive plough sole, excessive gas in conduit is discharged through valve;
3, close valve and form confined space: pull monkey wrench with finger, drive activity plectrum blocks tooth bar and moves forward one to several lattice, after unclamping monkey wrench, movable plectrum is returned to initial position under the effect of plectrum back-moving spring, simultaneously catch blocks tooth bar and prevents from drawing back, repeatedly pine hold monkey wrench and handle then tooth bar continue to move forward, drive piston just to move to below valve, and form confined space above Soil surface water in pipe;
4, extract sampler and read liquid level: slowly vertically extracting sampler, utilizing consistency of soil, atmospheric effect makes Soil surface water, pedotheque is once taken out, reading liquid level rapidly and record according to conduit scale difference;
5, sample separation: predefined pedotheque leaves and takes the degree of depth, continue pine repeatedly and hold monkey wrench and handle, by rack drives piston, earth pillar is discharged conduit, below water column, one section or several sections of earth pillars are intercepted as required with reference to conduit scale, be transferred to accommodating container, latter end earth pillar discharges conduit simultaneously together with Soil surface water, uses syringe to draw Soil surface water and transfers in other container.
Embodiment 4:
A kind of paddy field environmental monitoring sampling method, comprises the following steps:
1, open valve, by lower stop piece, pull out tooth bar handle, piston is retreated to above catheter valve, decontrol catch and make its automatic homing under catch action of reset spring, withstand tooth bar;
2, insert sampling catheter being vented to paddy field: conduit, of holding with a firm grip on the other hand holds handle, by face, vertical for sampler conduit field gently spinning enter topsoil soils and arrive plough sole, excessive gas in conduit is discharged through valve;
3, close valve and form confined space: pull monkey wrench with finger, drive activity plectrum blocks tooth bar and moves forward one to several lattice, after unclamping monkey wrench, movable plectrum is returned to initial position under the effect of plectrum back-moving spring, simultaneously catch blocks tooth bar and prevents from drawing back, repeatedly pine hold monkey wrench and handle then tooth bar continue to move forward, drive piston just to move to below valve, and form confined space above Soil surface water in pipe;
4, extract sampler and read liquid level: slowly vertically extracting sampler, utilizing consistency of soil, atmospheric effect makes Soil surface water, pedotheque is once taken out, and reads liquid level rapidly and record according to conduit scale;
5, sample separation: continue pine repeatedly and hold monkey wrench and handle, by rack drives piston, earth pillar is discharged conduit, intercept 15cm depthkeeping earth pillar below water column, be transferred to accommodating container, latter end earth pillar discharges conduit simultaneously together with Soil surface water, uses syringe to draw water in field and transfers in other container.
Embodiment 5:
Paddy field environmental monitoring sampler described in embodiment 2, the conduit of this sampler is the graduated transparent pipe of mark, and sectional or depthkeeping extract earth pillar.The steel earth boring auger that conventional method uses can not have an X-rayed inside configuration, can only depthkeeping sampling.Unlike this, scale conduit of the present invention adopts transparent material, is convenient to earth pillar length and mobile status in the perspective pipe of outside, not only sectional but also can extract earth pillar by depthkeeping.
Adopt tooth bar linkage, can accurately control the soil sample degree of depth.Conventional method uses the sampling of steel earth boring auger depthkeeping, observes sight line and is subject to the impact of Soil surface water layer, cause depthkeeping to be forbidden.Unlike this, sampling catheter is first deeply extracted whole piece soil sample to plough sole by the present invention, then according to actual needs, controls soil sample and discharges process, thus reach the effect accurately controlling sampling depth by monkey wrench and rack drives packed-piston.
Packed-piston, vacuum principle and soil stickiness is utilized once to complete Soil surface water, soil sample, convenient operation and carrying.Conventional method need successively use the multiple types of tools such as water bottle, earth boring auger or grab bucket, samples respectively to Soil surface water, soil, operates more loaded down with trivial details and not Portable belt.Unlike this, the present invention adopts an instrument, utilizes packed-piston switch valve to form parital vacuum, once completes Soil surface water, soil sample, simple to operate and be easy to carry.
Water, earth sample amount are extracted by the volume ratio of true environment, support environment concentration prediction.Under real environmental conditions, the soil concentration of agricultural chemicals also fluctuates with the change of Soil surface water layer height.Namely ignores water depth when conventional method uses water bottle to extract Soil surface water, also Soil surface water sample volume and depthkeeping sample soil volume and do not press real environmental conditions and keep proportionate relationship.Owing to lacking water depth parameter, be difficult to predict different evaporation, rainfall, irrigation, flow out, wash the conditions such as field under water in field concentration change.Unlike this, the sampling amount of Soil surface water, soil extracts by true environment volume ratio by the present invention, fidelity is high, not only can be used for Soil surface water, soil environment concentration prediction, but also supports resultant algorithm.
Claims (5)
1. a paddy field environmental monitoring sampler, it is characterized in that: comprise scale conduit, base, packed-piston, handle, tooth bar linkage, described scale tubes connection base, described base connects handle, described scale catheter interior has packed-piston, and described packed-piston leads in-pipe by tooth bar linkage at scale.
2. environmental monitoring sampler in paddy field according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described tooth bar linkage comprises monkey wrench, tooth bar, plectrum back-moving spring, movable plectrum, there is in the middle part of described base base rack bore, described base is connected by screw handle, described handle is tailored by iron sheet and is bent into, the inner left end of described handle has plectrum back-moving spring, described plectrum back-moving spring right-hand member connection activity plectrum, in the middle part of described movable plectrum, there is plectrum rack bore, described movable plectrum bottom has plectrum tongue, described monkey wrench cross section is U-shaped, described monkey wrench top has spanner pin, plectrum tongue is withstood on the left of described spanner pin, described monkey wrench top has handle pin hole, described handle pin hole connects handle pin, described handle pin two ends are fixed on handle, spanner rotates on handle pin, described handle top connects catch by catch pin, described catch rotates on catch pin, there is in the middle part of described catch catch rack bore, described catch inside has catch back-moving spring, described catch back-moving spring left end connects handle side, described handle side has handle rack bore, described catch rack bore, handle rack bore, plectrum rack bore, base rack bore are on same straight line, described tooth bar has driving cog, and described tooth bar left end connects packed-piston through catch rack bore, catch back-moving spring, handle rack bore, plectrum rack bore, plectrum back-moving spring, base rack bore successively.
3. environmental monitoring sampler in paddy field according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described scale conduit is made up of transparent pipe.
4. environmental monitoring sampler in paddy field according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: there are on the right side of described scale conduit 2 valves, scale conduit right-hand member adopts external thread to be connected with base internal thread, spacing between described valve and base is greater than the thickness of packed-piston, described scale catheter interior has packed-piston, described packed-piston connects tooth bar left end, and described tooth bar right-hand member connects handle.
5. a paddy field environmental monitoring sampling method, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps: 1, by lower stop piece, pulls out tooth bar handle, is retreated to by piston above catheter valve, decontrols catch and makes its automatic homing under catch action of reset spring, withstand tooth bar; 2, conduit, of holding with a firm grip on the other hand holds handle, by face, vertical for sampler conduit field gently spinning enter topsoil soils and arrive plough sole, excessive gas in conduit is discharged through valve; 3, monkey wrench is pulled with finger, drive activity plectrum blocks tooth bar and moves forward one to several lattice, after unclamping monkey wrench, movable plectrum is returned to initial position under the effect of plectrum back-moving spring, simultaneously catch blocks tooth bar and prevents from drawing back, repeatedly pine hold monkey wrench and handle then tooth bar continue to move forward, drive piston just to move to below valve, and form confined space above Soil surface water in pipe; 4, slowly vertically extract sampler, utilize consistency of soil, atmospheric effect makes Soil surface water, pedotheque is once taken out, read liquid level rapidly and record according to conduit scale difference; 5, pre-determine pedotheque and leave and take the degree of depth, continue pine repeatedly and hold monkey wrench and handle, by rack drives piston, earth pillar is discharged conduit, below water column, one section or several sections of earth pillars are intercepted as required with reference to conduit scale, be transferred to accommodating container, latter end earth pillar discharges conduit simultaneously together with Soil surface water, uses syringe to draw Soil surface water and transfers in other container.
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| CN201510622729.7A CN105158017B (en) | 2015-09-28 | 2015-09-28 | Paddy field environmental monitoring sampler and sampling method |
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| CN201510622729.7A CN105158017B (en) | 2015-09-28 | 2015-09-28 | Paddy field environmental monitoring sampler and sampling method |
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Cited By (7)
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| CN108896351A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2018-11-27 | 中山市爱科应用科技有限公司 | Sampler is used in a kind of detection of water |
| CN109916662A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2019-06-21 | 宁波市农业科学研究院 | A kind of handle assisted soil sampler |
| CN110208043A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-09-06 | 官仁奇 | Sampling equipment is remained using the anti-powder of shake for concrete powder sampling |
| CN110617995A (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2019-12-27 | 合肥学院 | River water sampler |
| CN111842708A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-10-30 | 江西红日变电设备有限公司 | Self-locking type lead bending device |
| CN113281493A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-08-20 | 张才民 | Soil restoration detection device |
| CN114506581A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-05-17 | 北方魏家峁煤电有限责任公司 | Oil outlet device applied to dumper |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108896351A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2018-11-27 | 中山市爱科应用科技有限公司 | Sampler is used in a kind of detection of water |
| CN108896351B (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2023-09-08 | 广东爱科环境科技有限公司 | Sampling device for water detection |
| CN109916662A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2019-06-21 | 宁波市农业科学研究院 | A kind of handle assisted soil sampler |
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| CN110208043B (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2021-08-13 | 枣庄启晟建材有限公司 | A utilize shake to prevent that powder remains sampling equipment for concrete powder sample |
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| CN110617995B (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2022-02-25 | 合肥学院 | River water sampler |
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| CN113281493A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-08-20 | 张才民 | Soil restoration detection device |
| CN113281493B (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2022-12-30 | 上海凯博环境能源计量检测中心(有限合伙) | Soil restoration detection device |
| CN114506581A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-05-17 | 北方魏家峁煤电有限责任公司 | Oil outlet device applied to dumper |
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