CN105157647A - Mixed biasing type articulated arm measurement machine - Google Patents
Mixed biasing type articulated arm measurement machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN105157647A CN105157647A CN201510548622.2A CN201510548622A CN105157647A CN 105157647 A CN105157647 A CN 105157647A CN 201510548622 A CN201510548622 A CN 201510548622A CN 105157647 A CN105157647 A CN 105157647A
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Abstract
The invention, which belongs to the field of the measurement machine of numerical control precision measurement equipment, especially relates to an articulated arm type measurement machine with an articulated arm structure. The measurement machine arranged symmetrically along a ZX plane comprises five steering knuckles capable of moving freely and independently and seven connecting arm segments. The five steering knuckles are in a dual-point support mode and support points of all knuckles except the knuckle 4 are arranged symmetrically along the ZX plane; and the knuckles 1 and 4 are infinite rotation knuckles. The measurement machine has comprehensive advantages of flexible operation, high structural rigidity, and light weight and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the measuring machine in numerically-controlled precise measuring equipment, particularly relate to the joint-arm type measuring with articulated arm construction.
Background technology
Articulated arm coordinate measuring machine is a kind of nonopiate system coordinate measuring machine.It copies human synovial structure, and replace length standard with angle reference, some rod members and a gauge head are connected in series by rotary joint, one end is fixed, and the other end (gauge head) can move at space free, forms a spherical measurement space.
Joint arm measuring machine has: 1) range is large; 2) volume little, lightweight, can be portable, suitable onsite application; 3) motion flexibly, is easy to the advantages such as operation, but also there is the deficiency of precision lower (generally at tens microns).
At present, each model joint-arm type measuring that domestic and international producer and scientific research institutions develop, produce, main rotary joint all adopts the rotation mode of eccentrically arranged type to arrange.Being biased refers in all positions (comprising zero-bit), and each articulated jib axis of joint arm measuring machine is not in one plane.When the articulated jib of joint-arm type measuring adopt have an arrangement of eccentrically arranged type time, by reducing the mode of self solid volume, to reduce each interarticular entity obstacle in rotary movement, can thus expand the rotational angle of rotary joint.But meanwhile, also can there is many problems: when have biased exist time, the center of gravity of each articulated jib must depart from the axis of symmetry of body, each arm is all produced lay particular stress on, increase the moment of inertia of each articulated jib, and then the factor of generation error is increased, even likely form new Un-measurable area.Have the arrangement of eccentrically arranged type can increase the rotational angle of rotary joint, but the increase of rotational angle is limited.
For the arrangement having eccentrically arranged type, the arrangement without eccentrically arranged type can effectively avoid due to be biased bring to body additive error, lay particular stress on and the adverse effect such as increase of moment of inertia, and measuring accuracy can be improved, increase body serviceable life.But the arrangement without eccentrically arranged type significantly can increase body weight, reduces the dirigibility of operation, reduce the anglec of rotation of each articulated jib, and makes the aesthetics of complete machine be greatly affected.
Although the eccentrically arranged type joint arm measuring machine that has in the market can realize the measurement requirement of some low precision, but also there is numerous demand to high precision joint-arm type measuring in this fields of measurement, need the low cost joint-arm type measuring that measuring accuracy is high, long service life, body weight light, flexible operation, the anglec of rotation are large.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to design the low cost joint-arm type measuring that a kind of measuring accuracy is high, long service life, body weight light, flexible operation, the anglec of rotation are large.
Technical solution of the present invention is, for having eccentrically arranged type joint arm measuring machine and the relative merits without eccentrically arranged type joint arm measuring machine, their advantage is carried out comprehensively, a kind of mixing of design eccentrically arranged type joint arm measuring machine.This joint arm measuring machine by 5 can independence and freedom move steering connections and 7 sections of linking arm sections form.Wherein, the rotation of the first shaft member, the second shaft member, the 3rd shaft member and gauge head linking arm is positioned at same plane all the time, and conllinear; The rotation of the first minor axis parts, the second minor axis parts and the 3rd minor axis parts all perpendicular to each shaft member axis place plane, and is parallel to each other, relative position remains unchanged.First minor axis parts, the second minor axis parts and the 3rd minor axis parts all adopt Y type, have offset design, both alleviate body weight, increase again the angle rotatable of the first minor axis parts, the second minor axis parts and the 3rd minor axis parts.
The housing of joint arm measuring machine each arm section all processed by special processing mode, and the complicated size of the key in strict guarantee design drawing, guarantees final complete machine uniform stressed.
Be provided with the first major axis dense ball bearing shafting in first shaft member, this axle cording has high machining precision and Panel-corrected Model, and spindle rotation accuracy is 0.1 μm.The rotation of code-disc and the rotation axis coincident of the first major axis dense ball bearing shafting, read head is fixed on the first major axis housing, and the first major axis housing and surving coordinate system keep relative position constant.
Be provided with the first minor axis dense ball bearing shafting in first minor axis parts, this axle is midway drive type dense ball bearing shafting, the power of being got off by the second shaft member transmission can be evenly distributed to the both sides of axle system.The spindle rotation accuracy of this dense ball bearing shafting is 0.1 μm, and code-disc is rigidly fixed on the turning axle of dense ball bearing shafting, and read head and holder are rigidly connected by screw thread.
Second minor axis parts and the 3rd minor axis parts all adopt the array configuration of two little axles of split to carry out the transmission of power, and axle system is lightweight, stress good.
Slip ring is positioned at the 3rd long-armed below, is easy to collect, process the data-signal transmitted by upper part such as gauge heads, reduces terminal data number of computations, improves the accuracy that data export; Read head, code-disc are positioned at the junction of the 3rd shaft member and the second minor axis parts, and the rigidity of structure is good, accuracy of reading.
Gauge head linking arm is only formed by 4 part combination, and simple installation, debugging are easily.Its excess-three part is rigidly connected by the screw thread that connection transition piece is processed by self and step.Gauge head can be not only illustrated hard gauge head, also can be replaced by the multiple gauge heads such as laser scanning testing head easily, measures convenient, fast.
Advantage of the present invention is: the mixing eccentrically arranged type joint arm measuring machine 1, in the present invention is comprehensive by having had eccentrically arranged type joint-arm type measuring and the advantage without eccentrically arranged type joint-arm type measuring to carry out, this machine not only has higher measuring accuracy, but also has the advantages such as long service life, body weight is light, flexible operation, the anglec of rotation are large, production cost is lower; 2, mixing eccentrically arranged type joint arm measuring machine is symmetric design about ZX plane, the rotation of the first shaft member, the second shaft member, the 3rd shaft member and gauge head linking arm is positioned at same plane (ZX plane) all the time, and conllinear, thus laying particular stress on that these four sections of arm sections produce is negligible, moment of inertia is little, greatly reduces the factor producing error; 3, the rotation of the first minor axis parts, the second minor axis parts and the 3rd minor axis parts is all perpendicular to each shaft member axis place plane, and be parallel to each other, relative position remains unchanged.These three minor axis parts all adopt the bearing arrangement form of relative first shaft member axisymmetrical distribution, i.e. Y type design, and this design homogenizing stressing conditions of each minor axis parts, improves measuring accuracy; 4, the housing of the first minor axis parts, the second minor axis parts and the 3rd minor axis parts is the design of Y type, and the rotation of relative first shaft member has less being biased, and reduces body weight, adds the anglec of rotation of each minor axis parts; 5, second long-armed, the 3rd long-armed light thin-wall pipe fitting that all adopts is as outer arm, effectively reduce the weight of body, improve the rigidity of the second major axis and the 3rd major axis, reduce due to hold or variation of ambient temperature to the distortion of two long-armed generations; 6, high-precision dense ball bearing shafting is all devised as turning axle in the first shaft member and the first minor axis parts, these two axle cordings have higher rigidity, and compact conformation, rotating accuracy are high, and can carry out homogenizing to measuring error, turning axle rotating accuracy can reach 0.1 μm; 7, the dense ball bearing shafting in the first shaft member and the first minor axis parts is global design, reduces installation, debugging difficulty; 8, the housing of joint arm measuring machine each arm section is all processed by special job operation, and the complicated size of the key in strict guarantee design drawing, ensure that final uniform stressed.And each housing all adopts quality matetrial to process, and effectively reduces manufacturing deficiency, and improve the intensity of housing; 9, the 7 sections of linking arm sections mixing eccentrically arranged type joint arm measuring machine are quill shaft design, effectively reduce body weight.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is one-piece construction schematic perspective view of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the left view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the front view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the part explosive view of the first shaft member, it illustrates the annexation except dense ball bearing shafting and each parts of read head part;
Fig. 5 is the connected mode schematic diagram of the first shaft member read head, code-disc and body;
Fig. 6 is the front view of Fig. 5;
Fig. 7 is the first shaft member 3/4 perspective cross-sectional schematic diagram;
Fig. 8 is the connected mode schematic diagram of first minor axis component readings head/code-disc and body;
Fig. 9 is the front view of Fig. 8;
Figure 10 is the cross-sectional schematic of the first minor axis parts;
Figure 11 is the floor map of midway drive type dense ball bearing shafting;
Figure 12 is the axial thrust dense ball bearing shafting I of midway drive type dense ball bearing shafting;
Figure 13 is the axial thrust dense ball bearing shafting II of midway drive type dense ball bearing shafting;
Figure 14 is the axial thrust dense ball bearing shafting III of midway drive type dense ball bearing shafting;
Figure 15 is the axial thrust dense ball bearing shafting IV of midway drive type dense ball bearing shafting;
Figure 16 is the radial thrust dense ball bearing shafting I of midway drive type dense ball bearing shafting;
Figure 17 is the radial thrust dense ball bearing shafting II of midway drive type dense ball bearing shafting;
Figure 18 is the part explosive view of the first minor axis parts, it illustrates the annexation of the first minor axis parts and the first shaft member, and the connected mode of self two end cap;
Figure 19 is the part explosive view of the second shaft member, it illustrates the second shaft member respectively with the annexation of the first minor axis parts, the second minor axis parts;
Figure 20 is the part explosive view of the second minor axis parts, it illustrates the annexation of the second minor axis parts and the second shaft member, and the connected mode of self two end cap;
Figure 21 is the connected mode schematic diagram of second minor axis component readings head/code-disc and body;
Figure 22 is the front view of Figure 21;
Figure 23 is the second minor axis parts and the second shaft member annexation cross-sectional schematic;
Figure 24 is the part explosive view of the 3rd shaft member, it illustrates the 3rd shaft member respectively with the annexation of the second minor axis parts, the 3rd minor axis parts;
Figure 25 is the read head/slip ring assembly connection diagram of the 3rd shaft member;
Figure 26 is the front view of Figure 25;
Figure 27 is the 3rd shaft member 3/4 perspective cross-sectional schematic diagram;
Figure 28 is the part explosive view of the 3rd minor axis parts, it illustrates the annexation of the 3rd minor axis parts and the 3rd shaft member, and the connected mode of self two end cap;
Figure 29 is the connected mode schematic diagram of the 3rd minor axis component readings head/code-disc and body;
Figure 30 is the front view of Figure 29;
Figure 31 is the 3rd minor axis parts 3/4 perspective cross-sectional schematic diagram;
Figure 32 is the part explosive view of gauge head linking arm, it illustrates the annexation of gauge head linking arm and the 3rd minor axis parts, and the connected mode of self;
Figure 33 is the cross-sectional schematic of gauge head linking arm;
Figure 34 is the embodiment perspective view that the present invention adopts unbiased configuration to design;
Figure 35 is the embodiment perspective view in a non-operative state that the present invention adopts unbiased configuration to design.
In figure: 1, the first shaft member; 2, the first minor axis parts; 3, the second shaft member; 4, the second minor axis parts; 5, the 3rd shaft member; 6, the 3rd minor axis parts; 7, gauge head linking arm; 8, O-ring seal mounting groove; 9, upper cover; 10, screw; 11, cover plate; 12, the first major axis housing; 13, read head support; 14, read head; 15, screw; 16, screw; 17 encoder basements; 18, screw; 19, the first major axis dense ball bearing shafting; 20, O-ring seal; 21, O-ring seal mounting groove; 22, lower cover; 23, slip ring adapter; 24, screw; 25 slip rings; 26, screw; 27, base; 28, screw; 29, code-disc pressure ring; 30, code-disc; 31, major axis I; 32 O-ring seals; 33, code-disc pressure ring packing ring; 34, transmission shaft; 35, encoder basement; 36, code-disc; 37, code-disc packing washer; 38, code-disc compression plate; 39, read head mount pad; 40, screw; 41, read head; 42, screw; 43, the first minor axis dense ball bearing shafting; 44, screw; 45, holder; 46, rotation seat; 47, screw; 48, screw; 49, left end cap; 50, right end cap; 51, straight pin; 52, screw; 53, screw; 54, cover; 55, the first major axis cover; 56, axial thrust dense ball bearing shafting I; 57, axial thrust dense ball bearing shafting II; 58, axial thrust dense ball bearing shafting III; 59, axial thrust dense ball bearing shafting IV; 60, radial thrust dense ball bearing shafting I; 61, radial thrust dense ball bearing shafting II; 62 end ring I; 63, bearing ball I; 64, retainer I; 65, end ring II; 66, axle sleeve I; 67, retainer II; 68, bearing ball II; 69, end ring III; 70, bearing ball III; 71, retainer III; 72, bearing ball IV; 73, round nut; 74, retainer IV; 75, bearing ball V; 76, end ring IV; 77, retainer V; 78, axle sleeve II; 79, end ring V; 80, bearing ball VI; 81, retainer VI; 82, end ring VI; 83, screw; 84, screw; 85, cover I; 86, joint I; 87, screw; 88, second is long-armed; 89, cover II; 90, screw; 91, joint II; 92, screw; 93, left end cap; 94, rotation seat; 95, holder; 96, right end cap; 97, minor axis I; 98, encoder basement; 99, code-disc; 100, code-disc pressure ring; 101, read head support; 102, screw; 103, read head; 104, screw; 105, trough of belt stripped nut; 106, packing ring; 107, screw; 108, minor axis II; 109, screw; 110, bearing; 111, screw; 112, lower cover; 113, read head slip ring assembly; 114, the 3rd is long-armed; 115, screw; 116, upper cover; 117, top connection; 118, lower locking nut; 119, ring flange; 120, lock-screw; 121, code-disc; 122, screw; 123, the reading headstock; 124, code-disc frame; 125, read head; 126, screw; 127, screw; 128, screw; 129, screw; 130, lower sub; 131, spacer; 132, bearing mounting base; 133, bearing; 134, major axis; 135, packing ring; 136, upper locking nut; 137, slip ring adapter; 138, screw; 139, slip ring; 140, screw; 141, holder; 142, right end cap; 143, rotation seat; 144, left end cap; 145, minor axis I; 146, trough of belt stripped nut; 147, screw; 148, encoder basement; 149, code-disc; 150, code-disc lid; 151, read head support; 152, screw; 153, screw; 154, read head; 155, screw; 156, screw; 157, minor axis II; 158, bearing; 159, packing ring; 160, code-disc pressure ring; 161, screw; 162, interior bar is connected; 163, outer sleeve is connected; 164, transition piece is connected; 165, screw thread; 166, point is surveyed; 167, gauge head linking arm; 168, the 3rd minor axis parts; 169, the 3rd shaft member; 170, read head slip ring assembly; 171, the second minor axis parts; 172, the second shaft member; 173, the first minor axis parts; 174, the first shaft member.
Embodiment
Mixing eccentrically arranged type joint arm measuring machine is made up of the first shaft member 1, first minor axis parts 2, second shaft member 3, second minor axis parts 4, the 3rd shaft member 5, the 3rd minor axis parts 6 and gauge head linking arm 7,
First shaft member 1, first major axis dense ball bearing shafting 19 is fixed on the first major axis housing 12 by screw 18, the cooperation of encoder basement 17 passing hole axle is arranged on major axis I31, the cooperation of code-disc 30 passing hole axle is arranged on major axis I31, and contact with encoder basement 17, the cooperation of code-disc pressure ring packing ring 33 passing hole axle is arranged on major axis I31, and contact with code-disc 30, the cooperation of code-disc pressure ring 29 passing hole axle is arranged on major axis I31, and contact with code-disc pressure ring packing ring 33, code-disc pressure ring 29, code-disc pressure ring packing ring 33, code-disc 30, encoder basement 17 is rigidly attached on the first major axis dense ball bearing shafting 19 by screw 16.Read head support 13 is threaded on the first major axis housing 12, read head 14 is rigidly attached on read head support 13 by screw 15, upper cover 9 is threaded with the first major axis housing 12, the cooperation of O-ring seal 32 passing hole axle is arranged on major axis I31, and is arranged in the O-ring seal mounting groove 8 of upper cover 9.Cover plate 11 is rigidly fixed on the first major axis housing 12 by screw 10, and lower cover 22 is threaded with the first major axis housing 12, and the cooperation of O-ring seal 20 passing hole axle is arranged on major axis I31, and is arranged in the O-ring seal mounting groove 21 of lower cover 22.The axle cooperation of slip ring 25 hole is arranged on slip ring adapter 23, and is fixed on slip ring adapter 23 by screw 26, and slip ring adapter 23 is fixed on major axis I31 by screw 24.Base 27 is connected on the first major axis housing 12 by screw 28;
First minor axis parts 2, rotation seat 46, by clearance fit, inserts in the groove of holder 45, and the first minor axis dense ball bearing shafting 43 passing hole axle cooperation is arranged on holder 45 with in the coaxial aperture of rotation seat 46, and be fixed on holder 45 by screw 44, be fixed on rotation seat 46 by screw 47.Screw 48 is threaded on left end cap 49, left end cap 49 inserts in holder 45, the cooperation of encoder basement 35 passing hole axle is arranged on transmission shaft 34, the cooperation of code-disc 36 passing hole axle is arranged on transmission shaft 34, and contact with encoder basement 35, the cooperation of code-disc packing washer 37 passing hole axle is arranged on transmission shaft 34, and contact with code-disc 36, the cooperation of code-disc compression plate 38 passing hole axle is arranged on transmission shaft 34, and contact with code-disc packing washer 37, encoder basement 35, code-disc 36, code-disc packing washer 37, code-disc compression plate 38 is fixed on transmission shaft 34 by screw 40.Read head mount pad 39 is threaded on holder 45, and read head 41 is fixed on read head mount pad 39 by screw 42.Right end cap 50 is fixed on read head mount pad 39 by screw 56.First major axis overlaps 55 passing hole axles cooperations and is arranged on holder 45, and is rigidly connected by screw 53.Cover 54 is rigidly connected by screw 52 and forms complete cover, and matches with holder 45;
Refer to Figure 12 ~ 18, first minor axis dense ball bearing shafting 43 is midway drive type dense ball bearing shafting, it comprises four axial thrust dense ball bearing shaftings 56,57,58 and 59 and two radial dense ball bearing shaftings 60 and 61, two axial thrust dense ball bearing shaftings 57 and 58 are arranged on the Step Shaft both sides of transmission shaft 34 largest diameter respectively, two radial dense ball bearing shaftings 60 and 61 carry out hole axle by interference fit with transmission shaft 34 and coordinate, and the end ring 69 of axial thrust dense ball bearing shafting 57 left part contacts with radial dense ball bearing shafting 60; The end ring 76 of axial thrust dense ball bearing shafting 58 right part contacts with radial dense ball bearing shafting 61; Axial thrust dense ball bearing shafting 56 and 59 passing hole axle coordinates, and is arranged on the both sides of transmission shaft 34 respectively, and contacts with the outer face of radial dense ball bearing shafting 60 and radial dense ball bearing shafting 61; By the screw thread at transmission shaft 34 two ends, transmission shaft 34 and primary nut 73 are rigidly connected.
Second shaft member 3, joint I86 is bonded on second long-armed 88, joint II91 is bonded on second long-armed 88, cover I85 is fixed by screw 87, and carry out hole axle and coordinate with second long-armed 88 and install, cover II89 is fixed by screw 90, and carries out hole axle and coordinate with second long-armed 88 and install;
Second minor axis parts 4, rotation seat 94, by clearance fit, inserts in the groove of holder 95, and minor axis I97 and minor axis II108 passing hole axle coordinate the left and right sides being arranged on rotation seat 94 respectively, and are fixed on rotation seat 94 by screw 107.Bearing 110 passing hole axle coordinates the left and right sides being arranged on rotation seat 94 respectively, and contact respectively with minor axis I97 and minor axis II108, packing ring 106 passing hole axle coordinates the left and right sides being arranged on rotation seat 94 respectively, and contact respectively with bearing 110, trough of belt stripped nut 105 is threaded connection the left and right sides being arranged on rotation seat 94 respectively, contact respectively with packing ring 106, and locked by screw 109, the cooperation of encoder basement 98 passing hole axle is arranged on minor axis I97, the cooperation of code-disc 99 passing hole axle is arranged on minor axis I97, and contact with encoder basement 98, the cooperation of code-disc pressure ring 100 passing hole axle is arranged on minor axis I97, and contact with code-disc 99, encoder basement 98, code-disc 99 and code-disc pressure ring 100 are fixed on minor axis I97 by screw 104, read head support 101 is fixed on holder 95 by screw 102, read head 103 is fixed on read head support 101 by screw 104, left end cap 93 and right end cap 96 are arranged on the left and right sides of holder 95 respectively,
3rd shaft member 5, top connection 117 is bonded on the 3rd long-armed 114, lower sub 130 is bonded on the 3rd long-armed 114, read head slip ring assembly 113 is threaded in lower sub 130 by screw 129, lower cover 112 is threaded togather by screw 111, and match with top connection 117, upper cover 116 is threaded togather by screw 115, and matches with lower sub 130;
Read head slip ring assembly 113, the cooperation of spacer 131 passing hole axle is arranged on major axis 134, the cooperation of bearing 133 passing hole axle is arranged on the mating surface of bearing mounting base 132 and major axis 134, the cooperation of packing ring 135 passing hole axle is arranged on major axis 134, and upper locking nut 136 is threaded on major axis 134.Slip ring 139 and slip ring adapter 137 are rigidly fixed by screw 138, and slip ring adapter 137 is rigidly fixed on bearing mounting base 132 by screw 127, and bearing mounting base 132 is threaded in lower sub 130 by screw 129.The reading headstock 123 is fixed in lower sub 130 by screw 126, read head 125 is fixed on the reading headstock 123 by screw 122, the cooperation of code-disc frame 124 passing hole axle is arranged on major axis 134, the cooperation of code-disc 21 passing hole axle is arranged on major axis 134, and contact with code-disc frame 124, the cooperation of ring flange 119 passing hole axle is arranged on major axis 134, and contact with code-disc 121, be threaded connection lower locking nut 118 ring flange 119, code-disc 121 are fixed with code-disc frame 124, by lock-screw 120, ring flange 119 be fixed on major axis 134.
3rd minor axis parts 6, rotation seat 143, by clearance fit, inserts in the groove of holder 141, and minor axis I145 and minor axis II157 passing hole axle coordinate the left and right sides being arranged on rotation seat 143 respectively, and are fixed on rotation seat 143 by screw 156.Bearing 158 passing hole axle coordinates the left and right sides being arranged on rotation seat 143 respectively, and contact respectively with minor axis I145 and minor axis II157, packing ring 159 passing hole axle coordinates the left and right sides being arranged on rotation seat 143 respectively, and contact respectively with bearing 158, trough of belt stripped nut 146 is threaded connection the left and right sides being arranged on rotation seat 143 respectively, contact respectively with packing ring 159, and locked by screw 147, the cooperation of encoder basement 148 passing hole axle is arranged on minor axis I145, the cooperation of code-disc 149 passing hole axle is arranged on minor axis I45, and contact with encoder basement 148, the cooperation of code-disc pressure ring 160 passing hole axle is arranged on minor axis I145, and contact with code-disc 149, the cooperation of code-disc lid 150 passing hole axle is arranged on minor axis I145, and contact with code-disc pressure ring 160, encoder basement 148, code-disc 149, code-disc pressure ring 160 and code-disc lid 150 are fixed on minor axis I145 by screw 152, read head support 151 is fixed on holder 141 by screw 153, read head 154 is fixed on read head support 151 by screw 155, left end cap 144 and right end cap 142 are arranged on the left and right sides of holder 141 respectively,
Gauge head linking arm 7, in connecting bar 162 with is connected transition piece 164 and is connected by screw thread, in connecting bar 162 be connected outer sleeve 163 passing hole axle and coordinate and be connected, survey sharp 166 is threaded on connection transition piece 164;
Major axis I31 and the first major axis overlap 55 passing hole axles and coordinate and be connected, and position with straight pin 51; Rotation seat 46 and joint II91 are fixed by screw 92; Joint I86 is connected with holder 95 by screw 84; Rotation seat 94 is connected by screw 128 with ring flange 119; Top connection 117 is connected by screw 140 with holder 141; Rotation seat 143 be connected in bar 162 connected by screw 161.
The rotation of the first shaft member 1, second shaft member 3, the 3rd shaft member 5 and gauge head linking arm 7 is positioned at same plane all the time, and conllinear; The rotation of the first minor axis parts, the second minor axis parts and the 3rd minor axis parts is all perpendicular to each shaft member axis place plane, and relative position remains unchanged.
Be provided with the first major axis dense ball bearing shafting 19 in first shaft member 1, this axle cording has high machining precision and Panel-corrected Model, and spindle rotation accuracy is 0.1 μm.The rotation of code-disc 30 and the rotation axis coincident of the first major axis dense ball bearing shafting 19, read head 14 is fixed on the first major axis housing 12, and the first major axis housing 12 keeps relative position constant with surving coordinate system.
Be provided with the first minor axis dense ball bearing shafting 43 in first minor axis parts 2, this axle is midway drive type dense ball bearing shafting, the power transmitted can be evenly distributed to the both sides of axle system by the second shaft member 3.The spindle rotation accuracy of this dense ball bearing shafting is 0.1 μm, and code-disc 46 is rigidly fixed on the turning axle of the first minor axis dense ball bearing shafting 43, and read head 41 and holder 45 are rigidly connected by screw thread.
Second minor axis parts 4 and the 3rd minor axis parts 6 all adopt the array configuration of two little axles of split (minor axis one and minor axis two) to carry out the transmission of power, and axle system is lightweight, stress good.
Each rotary joint has at least two read heads, ensure that the real-time effect to sense data, improves accuracy of measurement.
First shaft member 1, second shaft member 3 and the 3rd shaft member 5 all can realize unlimited rotary, and the first minor axis parts 2, second minor axis parts 4 and the 3rd minor axis parts 6 all can realize the maximum anglec of rotation 210 °.
Mixing eccentrically arranged type joint arm measuring machine in the present invention changes original single design form having eccentrically arranged type joint arm measuring machine, by the advantage without eccentrically arranged type joint arm measuring machine with to have had the advantage of eccentrically arranged type joint arm measuring machine to carry out comprehensive, achieve the high precision of joint arm measuring machine, high rigidity, inferior quality, low rotor inertia, low cost, wide-measuring range.This joint arm measuring machine is combined by 7 sections of independent, complete, hollow linking arm sections, decrease complete machine amount of parts, reduce complete machine resetting difficulty, avoid because adding of too much thin-walled workpiece reduces housing construction rigidity, save processing cost, reduce body quality; Mixing eccentrically arranged type joint arm measuring machine adopts along ZX plane symmetry design form, makes load born by engine body even; The rotation conllinear of the first shaft member, the second shaft member, the 3rd shaft member and gauge head linking arm, laying particular stress on that thus these four sections of arm sections produce is negligible, and moment of inertia is little, greatly reduces the factor producing error; The rotation of the first minor axis parts, the second minor axis parts and the 3rd minor axis parts all perpendicular to each shaft member axis place plane, and is parallel to each other, relative position remains unchanged, and improves measuring accuracy.Because joint arm measuring machine is combined by multistage linking arm, each arm is intersegmental completes relatively independent motion, and thus, joint arm measuring machine can realize on a large scale, diameter of Spherical Volume Point Measurement.
Embodiment one
Mixing eccentrically arranged type joint arm measuring machine is made up of jointly the first shaft member 1, first minor axis parts 2, second shaft member 3, second minor axis parts 4, the 3rd shaft member 5, the 3rd minor axis parts 6, gauge head linking arm 7.
First shaft member, first major axis dense ball bearing shafting 19 is fixed on the first major axis housing 12 by screw 18, encoder basement 17, code-disc 30, code-disc pressure ring packing ring 33 and code-disc pressure ring 29 passing hole axle fit system are arranged on major axis I31 successively, and screw 16 is rigidly attached on the first major axis dense ball bearing shafting 19.Read head support 13 is threaded on the first major axis housing 12, and screw 15 is rigidly attached to read head 14 on read head support 13.Cover plate 11 is rigidly fixed on the first major axis housing 12 by screw 10, and O-ring seal 20 is arranged in the O-ring seal mounting groove 21 of lower cover 22, and passing hole axle coordinates, and endoporus and the major axis I31 of lower cover 22 merging that matches need be carried out external thread with the first major axis housing 12 and is connected.Passing hole axle fit system, slip ring 25 is arranged on slip ring adapter 23, and is fixed on slip ring adapter 23 with screw 26, and slip ring adapter 23 is fixed on major axis I31 by screw 24.Base 27 is connected on the first major axis housing 12 by screw 28.O-ring seal 32 loads in the O-ring seal mounting groove 8 of upper cover 9, and upper cover 9 and major axis I31 carry out hole axle and coordinate, and upper cover 9 need be threaded with the first major axis housing 12;
First minor axis parts 2, rotation seat 46, by clearance fit, inserts in the groove of holder 45, and passing hole axle fit system first minor axis dense ball bearing shafting 43 is arranged on holder 45 with in the coaxial aperture of rotation seat 46, and is rigidly connected with screw 44 and screw 47.Encoder basement 35, code-disc 36, code-disc packing washer 37 and code-disc compression plate 38 passing hole axle fit system are arranged on transmission drive shaft 34 successively, and they are fixed on transmission shaft 34 by screw 40.Read head mount pad 39 is threaded on holder 45, read head 41 is fixed on read head mount pad 39 by screw 42, right end cap 50 is fixed on read head mount pad 39 by screw 56, and screw 48 is threaded on left end cap 49, and left end cap 49 inserts in holder 45.
Second shaft member 3, joint I86 is bonded on second long-armed 88, and joint II91 is bonded on second long-armed 88;
Second minor axis parts 4, rotation seat 94, by clearance fit, inserts in the groove of holder 95, and minor axis I97 and minor axis II108 passing hole axle coordinate the left and right sides being arranged on rotation seat 94 respectively, and minor axis I97 and minor axis II108 is fixed on rotation seat 94 by screw 107.Bearing 110 and packing ring 106 passing hole axle coordinate the left and right sides being arranged on rotation seat 94 respectively, trough of belt stripped nut 105 is threaded connection the left and right sides being arranged on rotation seat 94 respectively, contact respectively with packing ring 106, and locked by screw 109, encoder basement 98, code-disc 99 and the cooperation of code-disc pressure ring 100 passing hole axle are arranged on minor axis I97 successively, and be fixed on minor axis I97 with screw 104, read head support 101 is fixed on holder 95 by screw 102, read head 103 is fixed on read head support 101 by screw 104, left end cap 93 and right end cap 96 are arranged on the left and right sides of holder 95 respectively,
Read head slip ring assembly 113, the cooperation of spacer 131 passing hole axle is arranged on major axis 134, the cooperation of bearing 133 passing hole axle is arranged on the mating surface of bearing mounting base 132 and major axis 134, the cooperation of packing ring 135 passing hole axle is arranged on major axis 134, and upper locking nut 136 is threaded on major axis 134.Slip ring 139 and slip ring adapter 137 are rigidly fixed by screw 138, and slip ring adapter 137 is rigidly fixed on bearing mounting base 132 by screw 127, and bearing mounting base 132 is threaded in lower sub 130 by screw 129.The reading headstock 123 is rigidly attached in lower sub 130 by screw 126, read head 125 is rigidly attached on the reading headstock 123 by screw 122, the cooperation of code-disc frame 124, code-disc 121, ring flange 119 passing hole axle is arranged on major axis 134, be threaded connection lower locking nut 118 ring flange 119, code-disc 121 to be rigidly connected with code-disc frame 124, ring flange 119 is fixed on major axis 134 by lock-screw 120.
3rd shaft member 5, top connection 117 is bonded on the 3rd long-armed 114, and lower sub 130 is bonded on the 3rd long-armed 114, and read head slip ring assembly 113 is rigidly attached in lower sub 130 by screw 129 screw thread;
3rd minor axis parts 6, rotation seat 143, by clearance fit, inserts in the groove of holder 141, and minor axis I145 and minor axis II157 passing hole axle coordinate the left and right sides being arranged on rotation seat 143 respectively, and are fixed on rotation seat 143 by screw 156.Bearing 158, the cooperation of packing ring 159 passing hole axle is arranged on minor axis I145 and minor axis II157 respectively, trough of belt stripped nut 146 is threaded connection the left and right sides being arranged on rotation seat 143 respectively, contact respectively with packing ring 159, and locked by screw 147, encoder basement 148, code-disc 149, code-disc pressure ring 160, the cooperation of code-disc lid 150 passing hole axle is arranged on minor axis I145 successively, and be fixed on minor axis I145 with screw 152, read head support 151 is fixed on holder 141 by screw 153, read head 154 is fixed on read head support 151 by screw 155, adjustment read head support 151, adjustment is stopped when the sense data model of two read heads reaches the strongest, left end cap 144 and right end cap 142 are arranged on respectively the left and right sides of holder 141,
Gauge head linking arm 7, rotation seat 143 be connected in bar 162 connected by screw 161.In connecting bar 162 be connected outer sleeve 163 passing hole axle and coordinate and connect, in connecting bar 162 be connected transition piece 164 and connected by screw thread, until the axial end connecting transition piece 164 with is connected outer sleeve 163 and fits completely, survey sharp 166 and be threaded on connection transition piece 164;
First major axis overlaps 55 passing hole axles and coordinates and be arranged on holder 45, and is rigidly connected by screw 53, and major axis I31 and the first major axis overlap 55 passing hole axles and coordinate and be connected, and position with straight pin 51;
Rotation seat 46 and joint II91 are rigidly connected by screw 92, joint I86 is rigidly connected by screw 84 and holder 95, rotation seat 94 and ring flange 119 are rigidly connected by screw 128, and top connection 117 and holder 141 are rigidly connected by screw 140;
Cover 54 is rigidly connected by screw 52 and forms complete cover, and match with holder 45, cover I85 is rigidly connected by screw 87, and carry out hole axle and coordinate with second long-armed 88 and install, cover II89 is rigidly connected by screw 90, and carries out hole axle and coordinate with second long-armed 88 and install, lower cover 112 is threaded togather by screw 111, and match with top connection 117, upper cover 116 is threaded togather by screw 115, and matches with lower sub 130.
When joint arm measuring machine normally works, operator's right hand is held and is connected outer sleeve 163, left hand is held second long-armed 88 and is carried out subsidiary work, when survey point 166 need touch measured workpiece gently close to during measured workpiece, can carry out any surveying work lower after joint arm measuring machine correctly adopts number.
Embodiment two
Biased in first minor axis parts 2, second minor axis parts 4 and the 3rd minor axis parts 6 is removed, and the first shaft member 1, second shaft member 3, read head slip ring assembly 113, the 3rd shaft member 5 and gauge head linking arm 7 are carried out to the change of respective shapes, become the first shaft member 174, first minor axis parts 173, second shaft member 172, second minor axis parts 171, read head slip ring assembly 170, the 3rd shaft member 169, the 3rd minor axis parts 168 and gauge head linking arm 167.Second long-armed 88 and the 3rd long-armed 114 are transformed to two by a cylinder-shaped thin wall pipe fitting arrange along YZ plane symmetry, along the elliptical cylinder-shape thin-wall pipe of full symmetric of ZX plane symmetry design.Namely define without eccentrically arranged type joint arm measuring machine (as shown in figure 35).
This kind, without the collapsible placement in a non-operative state of eccentrically arranged type joint arm measuring machine, had both saved placement space, effectively can prevent again the unexpected clashing and breaking of surveying point 166.
Claims (7)
1. a mixing eccentrically arranged type joint arm measuring machine, it is characterized in that, joint arm measuring machine by 5 can independence and freedom move steering connections and 7 sections of linking arm sections form, wherein, the rotation of the first shaft member (1), the second shaft member (3), the 3rd shaft member (5) and gauge head linking arm (7) is positioned at same plane all the time, and conllinear; The rotation of the first minor axis parts (2), the second minor axis parts (4) and the 3rd minor axis parts (6) all perpendicular to each shaft member axis place plane, and is parallel to each other, relative position remains unchanged;
First shaft member (1), first major axis dense ball bearing shafting (19) is fixed on the first major axis housing (12) by screw (18), the cooperation of encoder basement (17) passing hole axle is arranged on major axis I (31), the cooperation of code-disc (30) passing hole axle is arranged on major axis I (31), and contact with encoder basement (17), the cooperation of code-disc pressure ring packing ring (33) passing hole axle is arranged on major axis I (31), and contact with code-disc (30), the cooperation of code-disc pressure ring (29) passing hole axle is arranged on major axis I (31), and contact with code-disc pressure ring packing ring (33), code-disc pressure ring (29), code-disc pressure ring packing ring (33), code-disc (30), encoder basement (17) is rigidly attached on the first major axis dense ball bearing shafting (19) by screw (16), read head support (13) is threaded on the first major axis housing (12), read head (14) is rigidly attached on read head support (13) by screw (15), upper cover (9) is threaded with the first major axis housing (12), the cooperation of O-ring seal (32) passing hole axle is arranged on major axis I (31), and is arranged in the O-ring seal mounting groove (8) of upper cover (9), cover plate (11) is rigidly fixed on the first major axis housing (12) by screw (10), lower cover (22) is threaded with the first major axis housing (12), the cooperation of O-ring seal (20) passing hole axle is arranged on major axis I (31), and is arranged in the O-ring seal mounting groove (21) of lower cover (22), the axle cooperation of slip ring (25) hole is arranged on slip ring adapter (23), and being fixed on slip ring adapter (23) by screw (26), slip ring adapter (23) is fixed on major axis I (31) by screw (24), base (27) is connected on the first major axis housing (12) by screw (28),
First minor axis parts (2), rotation seat (46) passes through clearance fit, insert in the groove of holder (45), first minor axis dense ball bearing shafting (43) passing hole axle cooperation is arranged on holder (45) with in the coaxial aperture of rotation seat (46), and be fixed on holder (45) by screw (44), be fixed on rotation seat (46) by screw (47), screw (48) is threaded on left end cap (49), left end cap (49) inserts in holder (45), the cooperation of encoder basement (35) passing hole axle is arranged on transmission shaft (34), the cooperation of code-disc (36) passing hole axle is arranged on transmission shaft (34), and contact with encoder basement (35), the cooperation of code-disc packing washer (37) passing hole axle is arranged on transmission shaft (34), and contact with code-disc (36), the cooperation of code-disc compression plate (38) passing hole axle is arranged on transmission shaft (34), and contact with code-disc packing washer (37), encoder basement (35), code-disc (36), code-disc packing washer (37), code-disc compression plate (38) is fixed on transmission shaft (34) by screw (40), read head mount pad (39) is threaded on holder (45), and read head (41) is fixed on read head mount pad (39) by screw (42), right end cap (50) is fixed on read head mount pad (39) by screw (83), first major axis cover (55) passing hole axle cooperation is arranged on holder (45), and is rigidly connected by screw (53), cover (54) is rigidly connected by screw (52) and forms complete cover, and matches with holder (45),
Second shaft member (3), joint I (86) is bonded on second long-armed (88), joint II (91) is bonded on second long-armed (88), cover I (85) is fixed by screw (87), and long-armed with second (88) are carried out hole axle and are coordinated installation, cover II (89) is fixed by screw (90), and long-armed with second (88) are carried out hole axle and coordinated installation;
Second minor axis parts (4), rotation seat (94) passes through clearance fit, insert in the groove of holder (95), minor axis I (97) and minor axis II (108) passing hole axle coordinate the left and right sides being arranged on rotation seat (94) respectively, and are fixed on rotation seat (94) by screw (107), bearing (110) passing hole axle coordinates the left and right sides being arranged on rotation seat (94) respectively, and contact respectively with minor axis I (97) and minor axis II (108), packing ring (106) passing hole axle coordinates the left and right sides being arranged on rotation seat (94) respectively, and contact respectively with bearing (110), trough of belt stripped nut (105) is threaded connection the left and right sides being arranged on rotation seat (94) respectively, contact respectively with packing ring (106), and by screw (109) locking, the cooperation of encoder basement (98) passing hole axle is arranged on minor axis I (97), the cooperation of code-disc (99) passing hole axle is arranged on minor axis I (97), and contact with encoder basement (98), the cooperation of code-disc pressure ring (100) passing hole axle is arranged on minor axis I (97), and contact with code-disc (99), encoder basement (98), code-disc (99) and code-disc pressure ring (100) are fixed on minor axis I (97) by screw (104), read head support (101) is fixed on holder (95) by screw (102), read head (103) is fixed on read head support (101) by screw (104), left end cap (93) and right end cap (96) are arranged on the left and right sides of holder (95) respectively,
3rd shaft member (5), top connection (117) is bonded on the 3rd long-armed (114), lower sub (130) is bonded on the 3rd long-armed (114), read head slip ring assembly (113) is threaded in lower sub (130) by screw (129), lower cover (112) is threaded togather by screw (111), and match with top connection (117), upper cover (116) is threaded togather by screw (115), and matches with lower sub (130);
Read head slip ring assembly (113), the cooperation of spacer (131) passing hole axle is arranged on major axis (134), the cooperation of bearing (133) passing hole axle is arranged on the mating surface of bearing mounting base (132) and major axis (134), the cooperation of packing ring (135) passing hole axle is arranged on major axis (134), and upper locking nut (136) is threaded on major axis (134), slip ring (139) and slip ring adapter (137) are rigidly fixed by screw (138), slip ring adapter (137) is rigidly fixed on bearing mounting base (132) by screw (127), and bearing mounting base (132) is threaded in lower sub (130) by screw (129), the reading headstock (123) is fixed in lower sub (130) by screw (126), read head (125) is fixed on the reading headstock (123) by screw (122), the cooperation of code-disc frame (124) passing hole axle is arranged on major axis (134), the cooperation of code-disc (121) passing hole axle is arranged on major axis (134), and contact with code-disc frame (124), the cooperation of ring flange (119) passing hole axle is arranged on major axis (134), and contact with code-disc (121), be threaded connection lower locking nut (118) by ring flange (119), code-disc (121) is fixed with code-disc frame (124), by lock-screw (120), ring flange (119) is fixed on major axis (134),
3rd minor axis parts (6), rotation seat (143) passes through clearance fit, insert in the groove of holder (141), minor axis I (145) and minor axis II (157) passing hole axle coordinate the left and right sides being arranged on rotation seat (143) respectively, and be fixed on rotation seat (143) by screw (156), bearing (158) passing hole axle coordinates the left and right sides being arranged on rotation seat (143) respectively, and contact respectively with minor axis I (145) and minor axis II (157), packing ring (159) passing hole axle coordinates the left and right sides being arranged on rotation seat (143) respectively, and contact respectively with bearing (158), trough of belt stripped nut (146) is threaded connection the left and right sides being arranged on rotation seat (143) respectively, contact respectively with packing ring (159), and locked by screw (147), the cooperation of encoder basement (148) passing hole axle is arranged on minor axis I (145), the cooperation of code-disc (149) passing hole axle is arranged on minor axis I (145), and contact with encoder basement (148), the cooperation of code-disc pressure ring (160) passing hole axle is arranged on minor axis I (145), and contact with code-disc (149), the cooperation of code-disc lid (150) passing hole axle is arranged on minor axis I (145), and contact with code-disc pressure ring (160), encoder basement (148), code-disc (149), code-disc pressure ring (160) and code-disc lid (150) are fixed on minor axis I (145) by screw (152), read head support (151) is fixed on holder (141) by screw (153), read head (154) is fixed on read head support (151) by screw (155), left end cap (144) and right end cap (142) are arranged on the left and right sides of holder (141) respectively,
Gauge head linking arm (7), in connecting bar (162) be connected transition piece (164) and connected by screw thread, in connecting bar (162) with is connected outer sleeve (163) passing hole axle and coordinates and be connected, survey sharp (166) is threaded in connection transition piece (164);
Major axis I (31) coordinates with the first major axis cover (55) passing hole axle and is connected, and positions with straight pin (51); Rotation seat (46) and joint II (91) are fixed by screw (92); Joint I (86) is connected with holder (95) by screw (84); Rotation seat (94) is connected by screw (128) with ring flange (119); Top connection (117) is connected by screw (140) with holder (141); Rotation seat (143) be connected in bar (162) connected by screw (161).
2. mixing eccentrically arranged type joint arm measuring machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, first major axis dense ball bearing shafting (19) is installed in the first shaft member (1), axle is the driving dense ball bearing shafting in top, the rotation of code-disc (30) and the rotation axis coincident of the first major axis dense ball bearing shafting (19), read head (14) is fixed on the first major axis housing (12), and the first major axis housing (12) and surving coordinate system keep relative position constant.
3. mixing eccentrically arranged type joint arm measuring machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, first minor axis dense ball bearing shafting (43) is installed in the first minor axis parts (2), this axle is midway drive type dense ball bearing shafting, code-disc (36) is rigidly fixed on the turning axle of the first minor axis dense ball bearing shafting (43), and read head (41) and holder (45) are rigidly connected by screw thread.
4. mixing eccentrically arranged type joint arm measuring machine according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the second minor axis parts (4) and the 3rd minor axis parts (6) all adopt the array configuration of two little axles of split.
5. mixing eccentrically arranged type joint arm measuring machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, first shaft member (1), the second shaft member (3) and the 3rd shaft member (5) all can realize unlimited rotary, and the first minor axis parts (2), the second minor axis parts (4) and the 3rd minor axis parts (6) all can realize the maximum anglec of rotation 210 °.
6. mixing eccentrically arranged type joint arm measuring machine according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the first minor axis parts (2), the second minor axis parts (4) and the 3rd minor axis parts (6) all adopt Y type, have biased structural design.
7. mixing eccentrically arranged type joint arm measuring machine according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described midway drive type dense ball bearing shafting comprises four axial thrust dense ball bearing shaftings (56, 57), (58 and 59) and two radial dense ball bearing shaftings (60 and 61), two axial thrust dense ball bearing shaftings (57 and 58) are arranged on the Step Shaft both sides of transmission shaft (34) largest diameter respectively, two radial dense ball bearing shaftings (60 and 61) are carried out hole axle by interference fit with transmission shaft (34) and are coordinated, the end ring (69) of axial thrust dense ball bearing shafting (57) left part contacts with radial dense ball bearing shafting (60), the end ring (76) of axial thrust dense ball bearing shafting (58) right part contacts with radial dense ball bearing shafting (61), axial thrust dense ball bearing shafting (56 and 59) passing hole axle coordinates, and is arranged on the both sides of transmission shaft (34) respectively, and contacts with the outer face of radial dense ball bearing shafting (60) and radial dense ball bearing shafting (61), by the screw thread at transmission shaft (34) two ends, transmission shaft (34) and round nut (73) are rigidly connected.
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| CN109664329A (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2019-04-23 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | A kind of compact high rigidity Hooke's hinge |
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| CN105157647B (en) | 2017-09-12 |
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