CN105144891A - Method for improving saline and alkaline land through ardealite, MDU and biological bacteria - Google Patents
Method for improving saline and alkaline land through ardealite, MDU and biological bacteria Download PDFInfo
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- CN105144891A CN105144891A CN201510536354.2A CN201510536354A CN105144891A CN 105144891 A CN105144891 A CN 105144891A CN 201510536354 A CN201510536354 A CN 201510536354A CN 105144891 A CN105144891 A CN 105144891A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for improving saline and alkaline land through ardealite, MDU and biological bacteria. The method includes the steps that first, the saline and alkaline land is treated with ardealite; then, the saline and alkaline land is treated with MDU, diethyl oxalate and hydroxymethyl cellulose; finally, the saline and alkaline land is treated with material obtained after mixed treatment of straw and biological bacteria. By the adoption of the method for improving the saline and alkaline land, saline and alkaline soil can be rapidly improved to be suitable for crop growth; besides, an improver is wide in application range and suitable for soil improvement on soil salinization and alkalinization caused by different reasons in different areas and can improve the soil structure, lower soil alkalinity, increase the soil salt rejection ratio, improve soil fertility, promote crop growth and improve agricultural economy when reasonably applied into soil.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to saline land processing technology field, particularly relate to the method in a kind of ardealite+MDU+biological bacteria improvement saline land.
Background technology
Saline land is the general name of solonchak and alkaline earth and various salinization, alkali-affected soil.Solonchak refers to that in soil, soluble organic fraction content acquires a certain degree, and can produce the great soil group of obviously harm to the g and D of plant.Alkaline earth refers to that quantity reaches the degree that can endanger plant growth and growth containing a large amount of exchangeability ion in soil, and the soil that soil property is changed.In actual state, solonchak and alkaline earth often exist in a mixed way jointly, are referred to as saline land.
Saline land is important land resources, and it is a kind of soil types of extensively distribution on the earth.About nearly 1,000,000,000 hectares of whole world saline soil area, China's Resource of Saline Soil is distributed widely in 17 provinces and regions based on the north, the main integrated distribution region of northwest, northeast, North China and coastal Deng Shi China saline soil, the gross area reaches more than 500,000,000 mus, and account for that the whole nation can utilize land area nearly 5%.The wherein gross area in Coastal beach saline land about 2,350,000 hm
2, and now annual still with 2-3 ten thousand hm
2speed become silted up rise.Saline land control and exploitation are the problems that irrigated area agricultural development can not be ignored, and for promotion agricultural sustainable development, Ensuring Food Safety has important function.
The Method and Technology in domestic process saline land is summed up roughly as follows: (1) is physically improved; Level land, deep plough sun the earth which has been ploughed up, loosen the soil in time, raise landform, microcell is improved the soil.(2) water conservancy improvement.Fill with deploying cover, storage fresh water on saline-alkali land for leaching, washing salinity by irrigation, underground salt discharge.(3) chemical modifying; The chemical agents such as ardealite, superphosphate, fulvic acid are used to improve.(4) biological modification; Rice cultivation, plantation salt-tolerant plant Tian Qing etc., use microbial-bacterial fertilizer etc.At present, the soil conditioner of soil salinization chemical harnessing is more, as gypsum, calcium sulphate, superphosphate, trade waste ardealite, industrial waste acid, fertilizer, detritus acid, flyash, peat, fermentation acid-sludge etc., these all achieve certain effect to improvement saline land, relatively more conventional is fertilizer, gypsum, and wherein gypsum is with Ca
2+displacement Na
+and improved saline land by sour neutralization bases; But the restriction be subject to as complex manufacturing, complex treatment process and some other condition can not obtain large-area popularization.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides the method in a kind of ardealite+MDU+biological bacteria improvement saline land.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical programs.
The method in a kind of ardealite+MDU provided by the invention+biological bacteria improvement saline land, comprises the following steps:
(1) ardealite is sprinkling upon saline and alkaline the earth's surface equably, and the 20cm that deep ploughs, ardealite is mixed with soil layer, keeps 10 ~ 40 days;
(2) mixture of MDU, diethy-aceto oxalate, CMC is sprinkling upon saline and alkaline the earth's surface, and the 20cm that deep ploughs, make to mix, and keep 5 ~ 10 days;
(3) by stalk and biological bacteria mixed processing, the material A obtained is sprinkling upon saline and alkaline the earth's surface equably, and the 20cm that deep ploughs, make material mix with soil layer all with, and keep 20 ~ 30 days;
In above-mentioned, the consumption of ardealite is 200 ~ 1200kg/ mu; The amount of mixture of MDU, diethy-aceto oxalate, CMC is 20 ~ 120kg/ mu, and the consumption of material A is 50 ~ 800kg/ mu.
Further, the mixed ratio of described MDU, diethy-aceto oxalate, CMC is: 40:(1 ~ 5): (1 ~ 5);
Material in above-mentioned, separately deposits before use, mixes in use.
Further, described step (2) is after the mixture adding MDU, diethy-aceto oxalate, CMC, and spray clear water, the saline land making 20cm dark is moistening.
Further, the making step of described material A is: shattered by stalk, then adds animal wastes and biological bacteria, sealed fermenting 10 ~ 30 days;
In above-mentioned, mixed proportion is that stalk shatters: animal wastes: biological bacteria=100:(10 ~ 20): (1 ~ 5);
Further, described biological bacteria is at least one in bacillus subtilis, Azotica, salt tolerant rhizobium, alkaliphile, and the viable count of often kind of biological bacteria is content is 1 × 10
3 ~ 4more than cfu/g.
Further, the consumption of various material of the present invention is determined according to different saline lands, is specially:
In slight alkaline land, the consumption of ardealite is 200 ~ 600kg/ mu, mixture 20 ~ 60kg/ mu of MDU, diethy-aceto oxalate, CMC, material A 50 ~ 300kg/ mu;
In moderate saline-alkali soil, the consumption of ardealite is 600 ~ 900kg/ mu; Mixture 60 ~ 90kg/ mu of MDU, diethy-aceto oxalate, CMC, material A 300 ~ 600kg/ mu.
In heavy salinized ground, the consumption of ardealite is 900 ~ 1200kg/ mu; Mixture 90 ~ 120kg/ mu of MDU, diethy-aceto oxalate, CMC, material A 600 ~ 800kg/ mu.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1), in this method, ardealite is aobvious acid, and it can neutralize with the saline land of aobvious alkalescence, effectively can reduce the pH value in saline land;
2) contained in ardealite calcium ion can with carbonate in saline land and bicarbonate radical generation chemical reaction, generate calcium carbonate and calcium bicarbonate, wherein calcium carbonate is water insoluble, calcium bicarbonate is slightly soluble in water, the character of calcium carbonate and calcium bicarbonate can impel Zinc fractions granular structure, and its granular structure can wrapping portion sodium ion, promotes desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching speed, reduce the bulk density of soil simultaneously, increase soil water permeability;
3) MDU is line-like structures, it has binding agent effect, the granular structure formed is reacted in ardealite and saline land, after interpolation MDU, MDU can promote the formation of granular structure, and MDU can fill up the vacancy position in the granular structure of calcium carbonate and calcium bicarbonate formation simultaneously, makes granular structure inside and outside portion relative insulation, reduce the sodium ion of mobility in soil, promote desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching speed;
4) MDU can slowly decompose at temperature and microbial action, and during decomposition, can form organic salt with the cation such as the sodium in soil, calcium, the solvability of its organic salt is low, reduces the cation such as sodium, calcium of soil free state;
5) MDU itself is slow-release fertilizer, and the product after its decomposition can provide nitrogen element for plant, can not cause the secondary pollution of soil;
6) when using MDU, adding diethy-aceto oxalate, CMC, MDU rapid curing can be impelled, granular structure can be impelled to be formed fast.
7) stalk can increase the water penetration of soil, gas permeability and moisture retention, increases the content of organic matter of soil, and increase bacterial content in soil, bacterial population increase can reduce the part saliferous in saline land;
8) at least one in biological bacteria bacillus subtilis, Azotica, salt tolerant rhizobium, alkaliphile; Itself and stalk are used in combination, can grow fast, and absorb the part salinity in saline land in soil, reduce the salt content in saline land;
9) adopt biological bacteria and stalk to be pre-mixed fermentation, make biological bacteria amount reproduction, reduce the time in the saline land of biological bacteria process;
10) in the present invention, ardealite is first adopted to process saline land, reduce pH value, simultaneously by generating calcium carbonate, the granular structure such as calcium bicarbonate, and then add the materials such as MDU, the granular structure being is formed more fast, and fill up the position, space of granular structure, the inner relative insulation of the granular structure being, reduce the sodium ions content of the mobility in soil, the salt content in soil is reduced with this, the last material adding stalk and biological bacteria mixed processing again, avoid relative strong basicity suddenly to the suppression of biological bacteria, biological bacteria is attached to stalk surface, fast processing is carried out to soil, absorb salinity, the object lowering soil salt is reached with this.
The present invention adopts above-mentioned saline and alkali land improvement method, can quick improvement saline-alkali soil, suitable for crop grows, and this modifying agent operation strategies is wider, be applicable to different regions, salinization of soil soil melioration that different reason causes, rationally be manured into soil, can soil structure be improved, reduce soil alkalinity, improve soil salt discharge rate, increase soil fertility, promote the growth of crops, improve agricultural economy.
Embodiment
Further describe technical scheme of the present invention below, but described in claimed scope is not limited to.
Embodiment one
1, raw material prepares
Ardealite,
MDU, structural formula is:
Diethy-aceto oxalate,
CMC,
Stalk,
Animal wastes, optional pig manure, cow dung, sheep excrement etc., the present embodiment selects pig manure,
Biological bacteria is at least one in bacillus subtilis, Azotica, salt tolerant rhizobium, alkaliphile, and bacillus subtilis and Azotica are selected in this enforcement, and described biological bacteria, the viable count of often kind of biological bacteria is content is 1 × 10
3 ~ 4more than cfu/g,
The method in 2, ardealite+MDU+biological bacteria improvement saline land, comprises the following steps:
(1) material A makes, and is shattered by stalk, then adds animal wastes and biological bacteria, sealed fermenting 10 days; Mixed proportion is that stalk shatters: animal wastes: biological bacteria=100:10:1;
(2) ardealite is sprinkling upon saline and alkaline the earth's surface equably, and the 20cm that deep ploughs, ardealite is mixed with soil layer, keeps 10 ~ 40 days;
(3) MDU, diethy-aceto oxalate, CMC are mixed in the ratio of 40:1:1, be then sprinkling upon saline and alkaline the earth's surface, and the 20cm that deep ploughs, make to mix, spray clear water, the saline land making 20cm dark is moistening, and keeps 5 ~ 10 days;
(4) material A is sprinkling upon saline and alkaline the earth's surface equably, and the 20cm that deep ploughs, make material mix with soil layer all with, and keep 20 days;
In the present embodiment, the consumption of various material is determined according to different saline lands, is specially:
In slight alkaline land, the consumption of ardealite is 200kg/ mu, the mixture 20kg/ mu of MDU, diethy-aceto oxalate, CMC, material A 50kg/ mu;
In moderate saline-alkali soil, the consumption of ardealite is 600kg/ mu; The mixture 60kg/ mu of MDU, diethy-aceto oxalate, CMC, material A 300kg/ mu.
In heavy salinized ground, the consumption of ardealite is 900kg/ mu; The mixture 90kg/ mu of MDU, diethy-aceto oxalate, CMC, material A 600kg/ mu.
Embodiment two
1, raw material prepares
Ardealite,
MDU, structural formula is:
Diethy-aceto oxalate,
CMC,
Stalk,
Animal wastes, optional pig manure, cow dung, sheep excrement etc., the present embodiment selects pig manure,
Biological bacteria is at least one in bacillus subtilis, Azotica, salt tolerant rhizobium, alkaliphile, and bacillus subtilis and Azotica are selected in this enforcement, and described biological bacteria, the viable count of often kind of biological bacteria is content is 1 × 10
3-4more than cfu/g,
The method in 2, ardealite+MDU+biological bacteria improvement saline land, comprises the following steps:
(1) making of material A, shatters stalk, then adds animal wastes and biological bacteria, sealed fermenting 10 ~ 30 days; Mixed proportion is that stalk shatters: animal wastes: biological bacteria=100:20:5;
(2) ardealite is sprinkling upon saline and alkaline the earth's surface equably, and the 20cm that deep ploughs, ardealite is mixed with soil layer, keeps 10 ~ 40 days;
(3) MDU, diethy-aceto oxalate, CMC are mixed in the ratio of 40:5:5, be then sprinkling upon saline and alkaline the earth's surface, and the 20cm that deep ploughs, make to mix, spray clear water, the saline land making 20cm dark is moistening, and keeps 10 days;
(4) material A is sprinkling upon saline and alkaline the earth's surface equably, and the 20cm that deep ploughs, make material mix with soil layer all with, and keep 30 days;
In the present embodiment, the consumption of various material is determined according to different saline lands, is specially:
In slight alkaline land, the consumption of ardealite is 600kg/ mu, the mixture 60kg/ mu of MDU, diethy-aceto oxalate, CMC, material A 300kg/ mu;
In moderate saline-alkali soil, the consumption of ardealite is 900kg/ mu; The mixture 90kg/ mu of MDU, diethy-aceto oxalate, CMC, material A 600kg/ mu.
In heavy salinized ground, the consumption of ardealite is 1200kg/ mu; The mixture 120kg/ mu of MDU, diethy-aceto oxalate, CMC, material A 800kg/ mu.
Embodiment three
1, raw material prepares
Ardealite,
MDU, structural formula is:
Diethy-aceto oxalate,
CMC,
Stalk,
Animal wastes, optional pig manure, cow dung, sheep excrement etc., the present embodiment selects pig manure,
Biological bacteria is at least one in bacillus subtilis, Azotica, salt tolerant rhizobium, alkaliphile, and Azotica, salt tolerant rhizobium, alkaliphile are selected in this enforcement, and described biological bacteria, the viable count of often kind of biological bacteria is content is 1 × 10
3 ~ 4more than cfu/g,
The method in 2, ardealite+MDU+biological bacteria improvement saline land, comprises the following steps:
(1) making of material A, shatters stalk, then adds animal wastes and biological bacteria, sealed fermenting 20 days; Mixed proportion is that stalk shatters: animal wastes: biological bacteria=100:15:3;
(2) ardealite is sprinkling upon saline and alkaline the earth's surface equably, and the 20cm that deep ploughs, ardealite is mixed with soil layer, keeps 25 days;
(3) MDU, diethy-aceto oxalate, CMC are mixed in the ratio of 40:3:3, be then sprinkling upon saline and alkaline the earth's surface, and the 20cm that deep ploughs, make to mix, spray clear water, the saline land making 20cm dark is moistening, and keeps 8 days;
(4) material A is sprinkling upon saline and alkaline the earth's surface equably, and the 20cm that deep ploughs, make material mix with soil layer all with, and keep 24 days;
In the present embodiment, the consumption of various material is determined according to different saline lands, is specially:
In slight alkaline land, the consumption of ardealite is 400kg/ mu, the mixture 45kg/ mu of MDU, diethy-aceto oxalate, CMC, material A 180kg/ mu;
In moderate saline-alkali soil, the consumption of ardealite is 750kg/ mu; The mixture 75kg/ mu of MDU, diethy-aceto oxalate, CMC, material A 450kg/ mu.
In heavy salinized ground, the consumption of ardealite is 1100kg/ mu; The mixture 105kg/ mu of MDU, diethy-aceto oxalate, CMC, material A 700kg/ mu.
The above, it is only better example of the present invention, not any pro forma restriction is done to the present invention, anyly do not depart from technical solution of the present invention content, the any simple modification done above example according to technical spirit of the present invention, coversion material equivalent variations and modification, all still belong in the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Meanwhile, in order to be further elaborated beneficial effect of the present invention, present inventor has performed a large amount of property used test, special instruction, the present invention's test is intended to the beneficial effect that the technology of the present invention is described, is never only limitted to scope of the present invention.
Test method: select the saline land of Haixing County, Cangzhou, Hebei Province to test, experimental group: use above-described embodiment one ~ embodiment three to process the saline land of different salinity, and throw in N
2o6kg/ mu, P
2o
55kg/ mu, K
2the fertilizer of O3kg/ mu, carries out plantation wheat; Control group: independent ardealite process is carried out to the saline land of different salt content, total consumption of the material of the saline and alkali land improvement method of the corresponding embodiment one ~ embodiment three of consumption difference of ardealite, and throw in N
2o6kg/ mu, P
2o
55kg/ mu, K
2the fertilizer of O3kg/ mu, carries out plantation wheat.By statistics output, in slight alkaline land, use the saline land wheat yield of the modifying agent process of the present embodiment than using the high by 45 ~ 70% of ardealite process; In moderate saline-alkali soil, use the saline land wheat yield of the modifying agent process of the present embodiment than using the high by 35 ~ 60% of ardealite process; In heavy salinized ground, use the saline land wheat yield of the modifying agent process of the present embodiment than using the high by 70 ~ 95% of ardealite process.
Claims (6)
1., by the method in ardealite+MDU+biological bacteria improvement saline land, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) ardealite is sprinkling upon saline and alkaline the earth's surface equably, and the 20cm that deep ploughs, ardealite is mixed with soil layer, keeps 10 ~ 40 days;
(2) mixture of MDU, diethy-aceto oxalate, CMC is sprinkling upon saline and alkaline the earth's surface, and the 20cm that deep ploughs, make to mix, and keep 5 ~ 10 days;
(3) by stalk and biological bacteria mixed processing, the material A obtained is sprinkling upon saline and alkaline the earth's surface equably, and the 20cm that deep ploughs, make material mix with soil layer all with, and keep 20 ~ 30 days;
In above-mentioned, the consumption of ardealite is 200 ~ 1200kg/ mu; The amount of mixture of MDU, diethy-aceto oxalate, CMC is 20 ~ 120kg/ mu, and the consumption of material A is 50 ~ 800kg/ mu.
2. the method in ardealite+MDU as claimed in claim 1+biological bacteria improvement saline land, it is characterized in that, the mixed ratio of described MDU, diethy-aceto oxalate, CMC is: 40:(1 ~ 5): (1 ~ 5);
Material in above-mentioned, separately deposits before use, mixes in use.
3. the method in ardealite+MDU as claimed in claim 1+biological bacteria improvement saline land, it is characterized in that, described step (2) is after the mixture adding MDU, diethy-aceto oxalate, CMC, spray clear water, the saline land making 20cm dark is moistening.
4. the method in ardealite+MDU as claimed in claim 1+biological bacteria improvement saline land, it is characterized in that, the making step of described material A is: shattered by stalk, then adds animal wastes and biological bacteria, sealed fermenting 10 ~ 30 days;
In above-mentioned, mixed proportion is that stalk shatters: animal wastes: biological bacteria=100:(10 ~ 20): (1 ~ 5).
5. the method with ardealite+MDU+biological bacteria improvement saline land as described in claim 1 or 4, it is characterized in that, described biological bacteria is at least one in bacillus subtilis, Azotica, salt tolerant rhizobium, alkaliphile, and the viable count of often kind of biological bacteria is content is 1 × 10
3 ~ 4more than cfu/g.
6. the method in ardealite+MDU as claimed in claim 1+biological bacteria improvement saline land, it is characterized in that, the consumption of various material of the present invention is determined according to different saline lands, is specially:
In slight alkaline land, the consumption of ardealite is 200 ~ 600kg/ mu, mixture 20 ~ 60kg/ mu of MDU, diethy-aceto oxalate, CMC, material A 50 ~ 300kg/ mu;
In moderate saline-alkali soil, the consumption of ardealite is 600 ~ 900kg/ mu; Mixture 60 ~ 90kg/ mu of MDU, diethy-aceto oxalate, CMC, material A 300 ~ 600kg/ mu;
In heavy salinized ground, the consumption of ardealite is 900 ~ 1200kg/ mu; Mixture 90 ~ 120kg/ mu of MDU, diethy-aceto oxalate, CMC, material A 600 ~ 800kg/ mu.
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