CN105130548A - Comprehensive active microbe coated slow release compound fertilizer particle and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Comprehensive active microbe coated slow release compound fertilizer particle and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105130548A CN105130548A CN201510392176.0A CN201510392176A CN105130548A CN 105130548 A CN105130548 A CN 105130548A CN 201510392176 A CN201510392176 A CN 201510392176A CN 105130548 A CN105130548 A CN 105130548A
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Abstract
A kind of comprehensive active microbe coated slow release compound fertilizer particle comprisesinorganic fertilizer core which is provided with a wrapping layer at outside surface of the inorganic fertilizer core. The wrapping layer is composed from inside to outside of an inner calcium superphosphate and diatomite layer, a chicken manure organic fertilizer layer, an inocula layer, an outer calcium superphosphate and diatomite layer, and a hydrogel layer. The comprehensive active microbe coated slow release compound fertilizerparticle and preparation method thereof can overcome defects of the existing slow release compound fertilizer, can implement multiple slow releases and controlled releases via coated controlled release, adsorption slow release and bio-type slow release so that the crops can get necessary fertilizer and nutrients in the growth cycle, and grow normally in every development period.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to inorganic mixed organic fertilizer technical field, especially a kind of comprehensive living microorganism coated slow-release compound fertilizer granule and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
In modern agricultural production, many new-type fertilizers are there is, there are composite fertilizer, fertilizer, bio-fertilizer, compound organic and inorganic fertilizer, biological organic fertilizer, Organic-inorganic biological fertilizer, slow-release fertilizer, Controlled Release Fertilizer etc., these fertilizer are each has something to recommend him, differ from one another, existing composite fertilizer has that nutrient content is high, minor component is few, utilization rate of fertilizer is high, the advantages such as convenient are used in storage, in promotion higher yield of crops stable yields, play important role.
Slow-release compound fertilizer is a kind of important classification in composite fertilizer, the research emphasis of Ye Shi China Growth of Chemical Fertilizer Industry, its slowly-releasing principle is the hydrophobic substance at fertiliser granulates Surface coating thin layer, thus the nutrient of inside is discharged in soil slowly, constantly to farm crop supply nutrient, effectively raise the utilization ratio of fertilizer.But existing slow-release compound fertilizer also exists certain shortcoming, be mainly manifested in nutrients ratio relatively fixing, be difficult to the different demands meeting all kinds of soil and all kinds of crop; Slow release effect is not fully up to expectations, does not mate, thus reduces fertilizer efficiency, affect plant growth with crop growth demand, causes the underproduction reduction of income.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of comprehensive living microorganism coated slow-release compound fertilizer granule and preparation method thereof, the defect of existing slow-release compound fertilizer can be overcome, by coated release-controlled, adsorption sustained-release and biological slow-released mode, realize repeatedly slowly-releasing and controlled release, make crop obtain required fertilizer nutrient in growth cycle whole process, promote that crop is at the normal growth growing each stage.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of comprehensive living microorganism coated slow-release compound fertilizer granule, and this particle comprises inorganic fertilizer nucleome, and inorganic fertilizer nucleome is outside equipped with integument,
Integument forms by with lower floor from the inside to the outside:
Be wrapped in the interior calcium superphosphate of inorganic fertilizer nucleome outside surface and diatomite layer, chicken manure organic fertilizer layer, microbial inoculum layer, outer calcium superphosphate and diatomite layer and hydrogel layer.
The particle diameter of this slow-release compound fertilizer particle is 5.5-7.5 millimeter.
A preparation method for above-mentioned comprehensive living microorganism coated slow-release compound fertilizer granule, the method comprises the following steps:
1) raw material is prepared
The raw material of following weight part:
Urea 20-25 weight part, monoammonium phosphate 20-25 weight part, potassium sulfate 18-20 weight part, 80-100 order starch 15-25 weight part, fowl dung fermentation fertilizer 30-40 weight part, carbon dust 15-25 weight part, calcium superphosphate 10-20 weight part, diatomite 10-20 weight part, solid fungicide 5-15 part, environment sensitive type hydrogel 5-15 part;
2) urea of above-mentioned weight part, monoammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate are mixed, pulverize grinding, mix and blend abundant with the carbon dust of above-mentioned weight part after crossing 400-600 mesh sieve, the starch adding above-mentioned weight part again makes mixing raw material, the mixing raw material prepared being put into granulating disc rolls after granulation, dry, obtained inorganic fertilizer nucleome;
3) calcium superphosphate 3-6 weight part and the mixing of diatomite 3-6 weight part is got, pulverize grinding, abundant mix and blend after crossing 400-600 mesh sieve, put in granulating disc with step 2) carry out second time rolling granulation together with obtained inorganic fertilizer nucleome after, dry, form interior calcium superphosphate and diatomite layer in inorganic fertilizer nucleome external parcel;
4) fowl dung fermentation fertilizer of above-mentioned weight part is pulverized grinding, abundant mix and blend after crossing 400-600 mesh sieve, put in granulating disc with step 3) carry out third time rolling granulation together with obtained particle after, dry, form chicken manure organic fertilizer layer at interior calcium superphosphate and diatomite layer external parcel;
5) solid fungicide of above-mentioned weight part is joined in granulating disc, with step 4) carry out the 4th rolling granulation together with obtained particle, until particle is wrapped up completely by solid fungicide, namely form microbial inoculum layer outward at chicken manure organic fertilizer layer;
6) calcium superphosphate 7-14 weight part and the mixing of diatomite 7-14 weight part is got, pulverize grinding, abundant mix and blend after crossing 400-600 mesh sieve, put in granulating disc with step 5) carry out the 5th rolling granulation together with obtained particle after, dry, form outer calcium superphosphate and diatomite layer outward at microbial inoculum layer;
7) by step 6) obtained particle joins granulation in the environment sensitive type hydrogel of above-mentioned weight part after taking out, takes out after making particle be wrapped to form hydrogel layer completely by environment sensitive type hydrogel, then the particle oven drying at low temperature that will take out,
Described comprehensive living microorganism coated slow-release compound fertilizer granule can be obtained.
Step 7) in the temperature of oven drying at low temperature be 60-80 degree Celsius.
Environment sensitive type hydrogel is:
Take polymerization single polymerization monomer as raw material, N, N'-methylene-bisacrylamide is linking agent, and 2-oxoglutaric acid is light trigger, and polyvinyl alcohol or chitosan solution are polymeric additive, adopts environment sensitive type hydrogel prepared by light initiation polymerization method;
Wherein, polymerization single polymerization monomer is any one in diacetone-acryloamide(DAA), acrylamide or vinylformic acid or multiple mixture;
The preparation method of above-mentioned environment sensitive type hydrogel is:
A, preparation pre-gathering solutions
With following raw material for solute:
Polymerization single polymerization monomer 75-99.7 weight part, 2-oxoglutaric acid 0.1-1 weight part, N, N'-methylene-bisacrylamide 0.1-25 weight part, polymeric additive 0.1-10 weight part;
Take deionized water as solvent, the mass ratio of solute and solvent is 1:50;
Be mixed with pre-gathering solutions;
Under b, the pre-gathering solutions made by step a are placed in ultraviolet radiation, expose direct polymerization after 5-30 minute and become cross-linked polymer;
C, the cross-linked polymer made by step b put into the apparatus,Soxhlet's deionized water extracting 20-28 hour boiled, and put into vacuum drying oven dry after taking-up, i.e. obtained described environment sensitive type hydrogel.
Solid fungicide is vinelandii, releases the blended solid microbial inoculum of phosphorus bacterium and potassium solubilizing bacteria composition, and its every gram bacteria containing amount is greater than 2,000,000,000.
Vinelandii can select root nodule bacterium, aerobacillus polymyxa Donker, thiobacterium etc.;
Release phosphorus bacterium and can select Bacillus subtillis etc.;
Potassium solubilizing bacteria can select silicate bacteria etc.
One provided by the invention comprehensive living microorganism coated slow-release compound fertilizer granule and preparation method thereof, its beneficial effect is as follows:
1, mix with carbon dust after NPK fertilizers is pulverized grinding, add starch and make inorganic fertilizer nucleome as binding agent, carbon dust and binding agent is utilized to have strong adsorbing characteristic, fertilizer nutrient can be made to slowly release, then interior calcium superphosphate and diatomite layer is formed at inorganic fertilizer nucleome outside surface calcium superphosphate and diatomite mixture coating, diatomite adsorption performance is stronger, the release of nutrient can be controlled further, chicken manure organic fertilizer layer is wrapped to form again at particle exterior surface fowl dung fermentation fertilizer (fertilizer), supplement the trace element such as n-p-k element and calcium magnesium sulphur, then add solid fungicide granulation and form microbial inoculum layer, vinelandii in solid fungicide, release phosphorus bacterium, potassium solubilizing bacteria effectively can control the release of N P and K, effectively can also improve soil physico-chemical property, then one deck calcium superphosphate is wrapped up again and diatomite compounding substances coating forms outer calcium superphosphate and diatomite layer at solid fungicide outside surface, diatomite has extremely strong water-absorbent, ensure that fertiliser granulates can brokenly in time dissolve, finally formed hydrogel layer at fertiliser granulates top layer bag by one deck environment sensitive type hydrogel, this environment sensitive type hydrogel can be responded to the concentration microvariations of Nitrogen In Soils phosphorus potassium and change the permeability of film soil moisture, more effectively ensure that fertilizer can fit the dissolving release on ground in good time, the defect of existing slow-release compound fertilizer can be overcome, by coated release-controlled, adsorption sustained-release and biological slow-released mode, realize repeatedly slowly-releasing and controlled release, crop is made to obtain required fertilizer nutrient in growth cycle whole process, promote that crop is at the normal growth growing each stage.
2, the change that obtained environment sensitive type hydrogel self energy sensing external environment is small or stimulation, and can corresponding physical structure be produced and chemical property even suddenlys change, initial form can be returned to after deformation, can long-term role, the minor alteration of soil physico-chemical property can better be responded, thus delay control slowly-releasing more targetedly.
3, the formula Raw wide material sources of slow-release compound fertilizer particle of the present invention, take full advantage of raw material common in daily life production, while reduction production cost, improve the single fixing phenomenon of conventional composite fertilizer nutrient; In preparation method, living microorganism coating delays controlled release compound fertilizer with inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium for core, with the fowl dung fermentation fertilizer containing a large amount of organic matter and multiple middle and trace element for carrier, coordinate functional bioactive bacterium, integrate the long-lasting of the physiological regulation function of microorganism uniqueness, the high efficiency of inorganic fertilizer and fertilizer, thus reach the effect of breeding combination and agricultural sustainable development.
4, slow-release compound fertilizer particle of the present invention realizes " the three fertile unifications " that living microorganism coating delays controlled release compound fertilizer, fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer; Also achieve with slowly-releasing, controlled release that to be means efficient, long-acting, synergy is " triple effect unification " all over the body simultaneously.Compared with common Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, have and reduce fertilizer amount, improve chemical fertilizer utilization ratio, improve quality of agricultural product, reduce production cost, to preserve the ecological environment and as advantages such as pollution-free food production data; There is equilibrium the effects such as nutrition, culture fertility, the resistance of enhancing crop, the objectionable impurities improved in quality of agricultural product and reduction agricultural-food are provided.
5, slow-release compound fertilizer particle nutrient of the present invention not easily runs off, and fertilizer efficiency is more lasting, and for crop root provides good growing environment, improve soil vitality, reducing disease and pest, is a kind of slow controlled release compound fertilizer of novel green high-efficient.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of compound fertilizer granule of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of comprehensive living microorganism coated slow-release compound fertilizer granule, this particle comprises inorganic fertilizer nucleome 1, and inorganic fertilizer nucleome 1 is outside equipped with integument,
Integument forms by with lower floor from the inside to the outside:
Be wrapped in the interior calcium superphosphate of inorganic fertilizer nucleome 1 outside surface and diatomite layer 2, chicken manure organic fertilizer layer 3, microbial inoculum layer 4, outer calcium superphosphate and diatomite layer 5 and hydrogel layer 6.
The particle diameter of this slow-release compound fertilizer particle is 5.5-7.5 millimeter.
Embodiment two
A preparation method for above-mentioned comprehensive living microorganism coated slow-release compound fertilizer granule, the method comprises the following steps:
1) raw material is prepared
The raw material of following weight part:
Urea 20 weight part, monoammonium phosphate 20 weight part, potassium sulfate 18 weight part, 80-100 order starch 15 weight part, fowl dung fermentation fertilizer 30 weight part, carbon dust 15 weight part, calcium superphosphate 10 weight part, diatomite 10 weight part, solid fungicide 5 parts, environment sensitive type hydrogel 5 parts;
2) urea of above-mentioned weight part, monoammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate are mixed, pulverize grinding, mix and blend abundant with the carbon dust of above-mentioned weight part after crossing 400 mesh sieves, the starch adding above-mentioned weight part again makes mixing raw material, the mixing raw material prepared being put into granulating disc rolls after granulation, the particle made is sieved, the particle getting particle diameter 1.5-2.5mm is dried, the underproof granulation of pulverizing again, until obtain the conforming particle post-drying of particle diameter 1.5-2.5mm, obtains inorganic fertilizer nucleome 1;
3) calcium superphosphate 3 weight part and the mixing of diatomite 3 weight part is got, pulverize grinding, abundant mix and blend after crossing 400 mesh sieves, put in granulating disc with step 2) carry out second time rolling granulation together with obtained inorganic fertilizer nucleome 1 after, by granule sieving, the particle getting particle diameter 2.5-3.5mm is dried, and the underproof granulation of pulverizing again, until obtain the conforming particle post-drying of particle diameter 2.5-3.5mm, namely forms interior calcium superphosphate and diatomite layer 2 in inorganic fertilizer nucleome 1 external parcel;
4) fowl dung fermentation fertilizer of above-mentioned weight part is pulverized grinding, abundant mix and blend after crossing 400 mesh sieves, put in granulating disc with step 3) carry out third time rolling granulation together with obtained particle after, by granule sieving, the particle getting particle diameter 3.5-4.5mm is dried, the underproof granulation of pulverizing again, until obtain the conforming particle post-drying of particle diameter 3.5-4.5mm, namely forms chicken manure organic fertilizer layer 3 at interior calcium superphosphate and diatomite layer 2 external parcel;
5) solid fungicide of above-mentioned weight part is joined in granulating disc, with step 4) carry out the 4th rolling granulation together with obtained particle, until particle is wrapped up completely by solid fungicide, namely form microbial inoculum layer 4 chicken manure organic fertilizer layer 3 is outer;
6) calcium superphosphate 7 weight part and the mixing of diatomite 7 weight part is got, pulverize grinding, abundant mix and blend after crossing 400 mesh sieves, put in granulating disc with step 5) carry out the 5th rolling granulation together with obtained particle after, by granule sieving, the particle getting particle diameter 4.5-5.5mm is dried, and the underproof granulation of pulverizing again, until obtain the conforming particle post-drying of particle diameter 4.5-5.5mm, namely forms outer calcium superphosphate and diatomite layer 5 outside microbial inoculum layer 4;
7) by step 6) obtained particle joins granulation in the environment sensitive type hydrogel of above-mentioned weight part after taking out, takes out after making particle be wrapped to form hydrogel layer 6 completely by environment sensitive type hydrogel, then the particle oven drying at low temperature that will take out,
Described comprehensive living microorganism coated slow-release compound fertilizer granule can be obtained.
Step 7) in the temperature of oven drying at low temperature be 60-80 degree Celsius.
Environment sensitive type hydrogel is:
Take polymerization single polymerization monomer as raw material, N, N'-methylene-bisacrylamide is linking agent, and 2-oxoglutaric acid is light trigger, and polyvinyl alcohol or chitosan solution are polymeric additive, adopts environment sensitive type hydrogel prepared by light initiation polymerization method;
Wherein, polymerization single polymerization monomer is any one in diacetone-acryloamide(DAA), acrylamide or vinylformic acid or multiple mixture;
The preparation method of above-mentioned environment sensitive type hydrogel is:
A, preparation pre-gathering solutions
With following raw material for solute:
Polymerization single polymerization monomer 75-99.7 weight part, 2-oxoglutaric acid 0.1-1 weight part, N, N'-methylene-bisacrylamide 0.1-25 weight part, polymeric additive 0.1-10 weight part;
Take deionized water as solvent, the mass ratio of solute and solvent is 1:50;
Be mixed with pre-gathering solutions;
Under b, the pre-gathering solutions made by step a are placed in ultraviolet radiation, expose direct polymerization after 5-30 minute and become cross-linked polymer;
C, the cross-linked polymer made by step b put into the apparatus,Soxhlet's deionized water extracting 20-28 hour boiled, and put into vacuum drying oven dry after taking-up, i.e. obtained described environment sensitive type hydrogel.
Solid fungicide is vinelandii, releases the blended solid microbial inoculum of phosphorus bacterium and potassium solubilizing bacteria composition, and its every gram bacteria containing amount is greater than 2,000,000,000.
Vinelandii can select root nodule bacterium, aerobacillus polymyxa Donker, thiobacterium etc.;
Release phosphorus bacterium and can select Bacillus subtillis etc.;
Potassium solubilizing bacteria can select silicate bacteria etc.
Embodiment three
A preparation method for above-mentioned comprehensive living microorganism coated slow-release compound fertilizer granule, the method comprises the following steps:
1) raw material is prepared
The raw material of following weight part:
Urea 25 weight part, monoammonium phosphate 25 weight part, potassium sulfate 20 weight part, 80-100 order starch 25 weight part, fowl dung fermentation fertilizer 40 weight part, carbon dust 25 weight part, calcium superphosphate 20 weight part, diatomite 20 weight part, solid fungicide 15 parts, environment sensitive type hydrogel 15 parts;
2) urea of above-mentioned weight part, monoammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate are mixed, pulverize grinding, mix and blend abundant with the carbon dust of above-mentioned weight part after crossing 500 mesh sieves, the starch adding above-mentioned weight part again makes mixing raw material, the mixing raw material prepared being put into granulating disc rolls after granulation, the particle made is sieved, the particle getting particle diameter 1.5-2.5mm is dried, the underproof granulation of pulverizing again, until obtain the conforming particle post-drying of particle diameter 1.5-2.5mm, obtains inorganic fertilizer nucleome 1;
3) calcium superphosphate 6 weight part and the mixing of diatomite 6 weight part is got, pulverize grinding, abundant mix and blend after crossing 500 mesh sieves, put in granulating disc with step 2) carry out second time rolling granulation together with obtained inorganic fertilizer nucleome 1 after, by granule sieving, the particle getting particle diameter 2.5-3.5mm is dried, and the underproof granulation of pulverizing again, until obtain the conforming particle post-drying of particle diameter 2.5-3.5mm, namely forms interior calcium superphosphate and diatomite layer 2 in inorganic fertilizer nucleome 1 external parcel;
4) fowl dung fermentation fertilizer of above-mentioned weight part is pulverized grinding, abundant mix and blend after crossing 500 mesh sieves, put in granulating disc with step 3) carry out third time rolling granulation together with obtained particle after, by granule sieving, the particle getting particle diameter 3.5-4.5mm is dried, the underproof granulation of pulverizing again, until obtain the conforming particle post-drying of particle diameter 3.5-4.5mm, namely forms chicken manure organic fertilizer layer 3 at interior calcium superphosphate and diatomite layer 2 external parcel;
5) solid fungicide of above-mentioned weight part is joined in granulating disc, with step 4) carry out the 4th rolling granulation together with obtained particle, until particle is wrapped up completely by solid fungicide, namely form microbial inoculum layer 4 chicken manure organic fertilizer layer 3 is outer;
6) calcium superphosphate 14 weight part and the mixing of diatomite 14 weight part is got, pulverize grinding, abundant mix and blend after crossing 500 mesh sieves, put in granulating disc with step 5) carry out the 5th rolling granulation together with obtained particle after, by granule sieving, the particle getting particle diameter 4.5-5.5mm is dried, and the underproof granulation of pulverizing again, until obtain the conforming particle post-drying of particle diameter 4.5-5.5mm, namely forms outer calcium superphosphate and diatomite layer 5 outside microbial inoculum layer 4;
7) by step 6) obtained particle joins granulation in the environment sensitive type hydrogel of above-mentioned weight part after taking out, takes out after making particle be wrapped to form hydrogel layer 6 completely by environment sensitive type hydrogel, then the particle oven drying at low temperature that will take out,
Described comprehensive living microorganism coated slow-release compound fertilizer granule can be obtained.
Step 7) in the temperature of oven drying at low temperature be 60-80 degree Celsius.
Environment sensitive type hydrogel is:
Take polymerization single polymerization monomer as raw material, N, N'-methylene-bisacrylamide is linking agent, and 2-oxoglutaric acid is light trigger, and polyvinyl alcohol or chitosan solution are polymeric additive, adopts environment sensitive type hydrogel prepared by light initiation polymerization method;
Wherein, polymerization single polymerization monomer is any one in diacetone-acryloamide(DAA), acrylamide or vinylformic acid or multiple mixture;
The preparation method of above-mentioned environment sensitive type hydrogel is:
A, preparation pre-gathering solutions
With following raw material for solute:
Polymerization single polymerization monomer 75-99.7 weight part, 2-oxoglutaric acid 0.1-1 weight part, N, N'-methylene-bisacrylamide 0.1-25 weight part, polymeric additive 0.1-10 weight part;
Take deionized water as solvent, the mass ratio of solute and solvent is 1:50;
Be mixed with pre-gathering solutions;
Under b, the pre-gathering solutions made by step a are placed in ultraviolet radiation, expose direct polymerization after 5-30 minute and become cross-linked polymer;
C, the cross-linked polymer made by step b put into the apparatus,Soxhlet's deionized water extracting 20-28 hour boiled, and put into vacuum drying oven dry after taking-up, i.e. obtained described environment sensitive type hydrogel.
Solid fungicide is vinelandii, releases the blended solid microbial inoculum of phosphorus bacterium and potassium solubilizing bacteria composition, and its every gram bacteria containing amount is greater than 2,000,000,000.
Vinelandii can select root nodule bacterium, aerobacillus polymyxa Donker, thiobacterium etc.;
Release phosphorus bacterium and can select Bacillus subtillis etc.;
Potassium solubilizing bacteria can select silicate bacteria etc.
Embodiment four
A preparation method for above-mentioned comprehensive living microorganism coated slow-release compound fertilizer granule, the method comprises the following steps:
1) raw material is prepared
The raw material of following weight part:
Urea 23 weight part, monoammonium phosphate 23 weight part, potassium sulfate 18 weight part, 80-100 order starch 20 weight part, fowl dung fermentation fertilizer 38 weight part, carbon dust 15 weight part, calcium superphosphate 15 weight part, diatomite 15 weight part, solid fungicide 10 weight part, environment sensitive type hydrogel 10 weight part;
2) urea of above-mentioned weight part, monoammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate are mixed, pulverize grinding, mix and blend abundant with the carbon dust of above-mentioned weight part after crossing 600 mesh sieves, the starch adding above-mentioned weight part again makes mixing raw material, the mixing raw material prepared being put into granulating disc rolls after granulation, the particle made is sieved, the particle getting particle diameter 1.5-2.5mm is dried, the underproof granulation of pulverizing again, until obtain the conforming particle post-drying of particle diameter 1.5-2.5mm, obtains inorganic fertilizer nucleome 1;
3) calcium superphosphate 4.5 weight part and the mixing of diatomite 4.5 weight part is got, pulverize grinding, abundant mix and blend after crossing 600 mesh sieves, put in granulating disc with step 2) carry out second time rolling granulation together with obtained inorganic fertilizer nucleome 1 after, by granule sieving, the particle getting particle diameter 2.5-3.5mm is dried, and the underproof granulation of pulverizing again, until obtain the conforming particle post-drying of particle diameter 2.5-3.5mm, namely forms interior calcium superphosphate and diatomite layer 2 in inorganic fertilizer nucleome 1 external parcel;
4) fowl dung fermentation fertilizer of above-mentioned weight part is pulverized grinding, abundant mix and blend after crossing 600 mesh sieves, put in granulating disc with step 3) carry out third time rolling granulation together with obtained particle after, by granule sieving, the particle getting particle diameter 3.5-4.5mm is dried, the underproof granulation of pulverizing again, until obtain the conforming particle post-drying of particle diameter 3.5-4.5mm, namely forms chicken manure organic fertilizer layer 3 at interior calcium superphosphate and diatomite layer 2 external parcel;
5) solid fungicide of above-mentioned weight part is joined in granulating disc, with step 4) carry out the 4th rolling granulation together with obtained particle, until particle is wrapped up completely by solid fungicide, namely form microbial inoculum layer 4 chicken manure organic fertilizer layer 3 is outer;
6) calcium superphosphate 10.5 weight part and the mixing of diatomite 10.5 weight part is got, pulverize grinding, abundant mix and blend after crossing 600 mesh sieves, put in granulating disc with step 5) carry out the 5th rolling granulation together with obtained particle after, by granule sieving, the particle getting particle diameter 4.5-5.5mm is dried, and the underproof granulation of pulverizing again, until obtain the conforming particle post-drying of particle diameter 4.5-5.5mm, namely forms outer calcium superphosphate and diatomite layer 5 outside microbial inoculum layer 4;
7) by step 6) obtained particle joins granulation in the environment sensitive type hydrogel of above-mentioned weight part after taking out, takes out after making particle be wrapped to form hydrogel layer 6 completely by environment sensitive type hydrogel, then the particle oven drying at low temperature that will take out,
Described comprehensive living microorganism coated slow-release compound fertilizer granule can be obtained.
Step 7) in the temperature of oven drying at low temperature be 60-80 degree Celsius.
Environment sensitive type hydrogel is:
Take polymerization single polymerization monomer as raw material, N, N'-methylene-bisacrylamide is linking agent, and 2-oxoglutaric acid is light trigger, and polyvinyl alcohol or chitosan solution are polymeric additive, adopts environment sensitive type hydrogel prepared by light initiation polymerization method;
Wherein, polymerization single polymerization monomer is any one in diacetone-acryloamide(DAA), acrylamide or vinylformic acid or multiple mixture;
The preparation method of above-mentioned environment sensitive type hydrogel is:
A, preparation pre-gathering solutions
With following raw material for solute:
Polymerization single polymerization monomer 75-99.7 weight part, 2-oxoglutaric acid 0.1-1 weight part, N, N'-methylene-bisacrylamide 0.1-25 weight part, polymeric additive 0.1-10 weight part;
Take deionized water as solvent, the mass ratio of solute and solvent is 1:50;
Be mixed with pre-gathering solutions;
Under b, the pre-gathering solutions made by step a are placed in ultraviolet radiation, expose direct polymerization after 5-30 minute and become cross-linked polymer;
C, the cross-linked polymer made by step b put into the apparatus,Soxhlet's deionized water extracting 20-28 hour boiled, and put into vacuum drying oven dry after taking-up, i.e. obtained described environment sensitive type hydrogel.
Solid fungicide is vinelandii, releases the blended solid microbial inoculum of phosphorus bacterium and potassium solubilizing bacteria composition, and its every gram bacteria containing amount is greater than 2,000,000,000.
Vinelandii can select root nodule bacterium, aerobacillus polymyxa Donker, thiobacterium etc.;
Release phosphorus bacterium and can select Bacillus subtillis etc.;
Potassium solubilizing bacteria can select silicate bacteria etc.
Embodiment five
A preparation method for above-mentioned comprehensive living microorganism coated slow-release compound fertilizer granule, the method comprises the following steps:
1) raw material is prepared
The raw material of following weight part:
Urea 21 weight part, monoammonium phosphate 21 weight part, potassium sulfate 19 weight part, 80-100 order starch 22 weight part, fowl dung fermentation fertilizer 35 weight part, carbon dust 20 weight part, calcium superphosphate 18 weight part, diatomite 18 weight part, solid fungicide 12 weight part, environment sensitive type hydrogel 12 weight part;
2) urea of above-mentioned weight part, monoammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate are mixed, pulverize grinding, mix and blend abundant with the carbon dust of above-mentioned weight part after crossing 500 mesh sieves, the starch adding above-mentioned weight part again makes mixing raw material, the mixing raw material prepared being put into granulating disc rolls after granulation, the particle made is sieved, the particle getting particle diameter 1.5-2.5mm is dried, the underproof granulation of pulverizing again, until obtain the conforming particle post-drying of particle diameter 1.5-2.5mm, obtains inorganic fertilizer nucleome 1;
3) calcium superphosphate 5.4 weight part and the mixing of diatomite 5.4 weight part is got, pulverize grinding, abundant mix and blend after crossing 500 mesh sieves, put in granulating disc with step 2) carry out second time rolling granulation together with obtained inorganic fertilizer nucleome 1 after, by granule sieving, the particle getting particle diameter 2.5-3.5mm is dried, and the underproof granulation of pulverizing again, until obtain the conforming particle post-drying of particle diameter 2.5-3.5mm, namely forms interior calcium superphosphate and diatomite layer 2 in inorganic fertilizer nucleome 1 external parcel;
4) fowl dung fermentation fertilizer of above-mentioned weight part is pulverized grinding, abundant mix and blend after crossing 500 mesh sieves, put in granulating disc with step 3) carry out third time rolling granulation together with obtained particle after, by granule sieving, the particle getting particle diameter 3.5-4.5mm is dried, the underproof granulation of pulverizing again, until obtain the conforming particle post-drying of particle diameter 3.5-4.5mm, namely forms chicken manure organic fertilizer layer 3 at interior calcium superphosphate and diatomite layer 2 external parcel;
5) solid fungicide of above-mentioned weight part is joined in granulating disc, with step 4) carry out the 4th rolling granulation together with obtained particle, until particle is wrapped up completely by solid fungicide, namely form microbial inoculum layer 4 chicken manure organic fertilizer layer 3 is outer;
6) calcium superphosphate 12.6 weight part and the mixing of diatomite 12.6 weight part is got, pulverize grinding, abundant mix and blend after crossing 500 mesh sieves, put in granulating disc with step 5) carry out the 5th rolling granulation together with obtained particle after, by granule sieving, the particle getting particle diameter 4.5-5.5mm is dried, and the underproof granulation of pulverizing again, until obtain the conforming particle post-drying of particle diameter 4.5-5.5mm, namely forms outer calcium superphosphate and diatomite layer 5 outside microbial inoculum layer 4;
7) by step 6) obtained particle joins granulation in the environment sensitive type hydrogel of above-mentioned weight part after taking out, takes out after making particle be wrapped to form hydrogel layer 6 completely by environment sensitive type hydrogel, then the particle oven drying at low temperature that will take out,
Described comprehensive living microorganism coated slow-release compound fertilizer granule can be obtained.
Step 7) in the temperature of oven drying at low temperature be 60-80 degree Celsius.
Environment sensitive type hydrogel is:
Take polymerization single polymerization monomer as raw material, N, N'-methylene-bisacrylamide is linking agent, and 2-oxoglutaric acid is light trigger, and polyvinyl alcohol or chitosan solution are polymeric additive, adopts environment sensitive type hydrogel prepared by light initiation polymerization method;
Wherein, polymerization single polymerization monomer is any one in diacetone-acryloamide(DAA), acrylamide or vinylformic acid or multiple mixture;
The preparation method of above-mentioned environment sensitive type hydrogel is:
A, preparation pre-gathering solutions
With following raw material for solute:
Polymerization single polymerization monomer 75-99.7 weight part, 2-oxoglutaric acid 0.1-1 weight part, N, N'-methylene-bisacrylamide 0.1-25 weight part, polymeric additive 0.1-10 weight part;
Take deionized water as solvent, the mass ratio of solute and solvent is 1:50;
Be mixed with pre-gathering solutions;
Under b, the pre-gathering solutions made by step a are placed in ultraviolet radiation, expose direct polymerization after 5-30 minute and become cross-linked polymer;
C, the cross-linked polymer made by step b put into the apparatus,Soxhlet's deionized water extracting 20-28 hour boiled, and put into vacuum drying oven dry after taking-up, i.e. obtained described environment sensitive type hydrogel.
Solid fungicide is vinelandii, releases the blended solid microbial inoculum of phosphorus bacterium and potassium solubilizing bacteria composition, and its every gram bacteria containing amount is greater than 2,000,000,000.
Vinelandii can select root nodule bacterium, aerobacillus polymyxa Donker, thiobacterium etc.;
Release phosphorus bacterium and can select Bacillus subtillis etc.;
Potassium solubilizing bacteria can select silicate bacteria etc.
Claims (5)
1. a comprehensive living microorganism coated slow-release compound fertilizer granule, it is characterized in that: this particle comprises inorganic fertilizer nucleome (1), inorganic fertilizer nucleome (1) is outside equipped with integument,
Integument forms by with lower floor from the inside to the outside:
Be wrapped in the interior calcium superphosphate of inorganic fertilizer nucleome (1) outside surface and diatomite layer (2), chicken manure organic fertilizer layer (3), microbial inoculum layer (4), outer calcium superphosphate and diatomite layer (5) and hydrogel layer (6).
2. a preparation method for the comprehensive living microorganism coated slow-release compound fertilizer granule described in the claims 1, is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
1) raw material is prepared
The raw material of following weight part:
Urea 20-25 weight part, monoammonium phosphate 20-25 weight part, potassium sulfate 18-20 weight part, 80-100 order starch 15-25 weight part, fowl dung fermentation fertilizer 30-40 weight part, carbon dust 15-25 weight part, calcium superphosphate 10-20 weight part, diatomite 10-20 weight part, solid fungicide 5-15 part, environment sensitive type hydrogel 5-15 part;
2) urea of above-mentioned weight part, monoammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate are mixed, pulverize grinding, mix and blend abundant with the carbon dust of above-mentioned weight part after crossing 400-600 mesh sieve, the starch adding above-mentioned weight part again makes mixing raw material, the mixing raw material prepared being put into granulating disc rolls after granulation, dry, obtained inorganic fertilizer nucleome (1);
3) calcium superphosphate 3-6 weight part and the mixing of diatomite 3-6 weight part is got, pulverize grinding, abundant mix and blend after crossing 400-600 mesh sieve, put in granulating disc with step 2) carry out second time rolling granulation together with obtained inorganic fertilizer nucleome (1) after, dry, form interior calcium superphosphate and diatomite layer (2) in inorganic fertilizer nucleome (1) external parcel;
4) fowl dung fermentation fertilizer of above-mentioned weight part is pulverized grinding, abundant mix and blend after crossing 400-600 mesh sieve, put in granulating disc with step 3) carry out third time rolling granulation together with obtained particle after, dry, form chicken manure organic fertilizer layer (3) at interior calcium superphosphate and diatomite layer (2) external parcel;
5) solid fungicide of above-mentioned weight part is joined in granulating disc, with step 4) carry out the 4th rolling granulation together with obtained particle, until particle is wrapped up completely by solid fungicide, namely form microbial inoculum layer (4) outward at chicken manure organic fertilizer layer (3);
6) calcium superphosphate 7-14 weight part and the mixing of diatomite 7-14 weight part is got, pulverize grinding, abundant mix and blend after crossing 400-600 mesh sieve, put in granulating disc with step 5) carry out the 5th rolling granulation together with obtained particle after, dry, form outer calcium superphosphate and diatomite layer (5) outward at microbial inoculum layer (4);
7) by step 6) obtained particle joins granulation in the environment sensitive type hydrogel of above-mentioned weight part after taking out, make particle be wrapped to form hydrogel layer (6) completely by environment sensitive type hydrogel to take out afterwards, the particle oven drying at low temperature will taken out again
Described comprehensive living microorganism coated slow-release compound fertilizer granule can be obtained.
3. the preparation method of a kind of comprehensive living microorganism coated slow-release compound fertilizer granule according to claim 2, is characterized in that: step 7) in the temperature of oven drying at low temperature be 60-80 degree Celsius.
4. the preparation method of a kind of comprehensive living microorganism coated slow-release compound fertilizer granule according to claim 2, is characterized in that environment sensitive type hydrogel is:
Take polymerization single polymerization monomer as raw material, N, N'-methylene-bisacrylamide is linking agent, and 2-oxoglutaric acid is light trigger, and polyvinyl alcohol or chitosan solution are polymeric additive, adopts environment sensitive type hydrogel prepared by light initiation polymerization method;
Wherein, polymerization single polymerization monomer is any one in diacetone-acryloamide(DAA), acrylamide or vinylformic acid or multiple mixture;
The preparation method of above-mentioned environment sensitive type hydrogel is:
A, preparation pre-gathering solutions
With following raw material for solute:
Polymerization single polymerization monomer 75-99.7 weight part, 2-oxoglutaric acid 0.1-1 weight part, N, N'-methylene-bisacrylamide 0.1-25 weight part, polymeric additive 0.1-10 weight part;
Take deionized water as solvent, the mass ratio of solute and solvent is 1:50;
Be mixed with pre-gathering solutions;
Under b, the pre-gathering solutions made by step a are placed in ultraviolet radiation, expose direct polymerization after 5-30 minute and become cross-linked polymer;
C, the cross-linked polymer made by step b put into the apparatus,Soxhlet's deionized water extracting 20-28 hour boiled, and put into vacuum drying oven dry after taking-up, i.e. obtained described environment sensitive type hydrogel.
5. the preparation method of a kind of comprehensive living microorganism coated slow-release compound fertilizer granule according to claim 3, is characterized in that: solid fungicide is vinelandii, releases the blended solid microbial inoculum of phosphorus bacterium and potassium solubilizing bacteria composition, and its every gram bacteria containing amount is greater than 2,000,000,000.
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| CN112568057A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-03-30 | 福建省荣佳菇业有限公司 | High-stress-resistance and excellent-quality agaricus bisporus breeding equipment and method |
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