CN105123301B - A kind of Forecasting Methodology of soil tobacco black shank morbidity potentiality - Google Patents
A kind of Forecasting Methodology of soil tobacco black shank morbidity potentiality Download PDFInfo
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- CN105123301B CN105123301B CN201510635459.3A CN201510635459A CN105123301B CN 105123301 B CN105123301 B CN 105123301B CN 201510635459 A CN201510635459 A CN 201510635459A CN 105123301 B CN105123301 B CN 105123301B
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Abstract
A kind of Forecasting Methodology for potentiality of being fallen ill the invention discloses soil tobacco black shank.The Forecasting Methodology takes pedotheque including 5 points of samplings, and removal of impurities is pulverized, and keeps moistening；Indicate that tobacco routinely cultivate to 5 ~ 6 true leaf seedlings, shearing tobacco seedlings root soil by floating seedlings method, transplants into the sieve basket equipped with pedotheque, maintains ground moistening, at 25 ~ 28 DEG C, relative humidity more than 75%, illumination in 12 hours is cultivated for 12 hours in dark alternate environment；2nd ~ 3 day observation incidence after heeling in, is investigated 1 time, no less than 5 times for every 6 ~ 8 days, to produce obvious scab morbidity is denoted as to tobacco seedlings are wilting, so that disease-free spot, tobacco seedlings are upright, growth normally is denoted as not falling ill, the state of an illness is recorded with the incidence of disease, fallen ill potentiality according to the prediction of field diseases regularty of epidemic.The Forecasting Methodology can scientifically predict the morbidity potentiality of soil balck shank, be that the layout, field examination disease sick nursery, reduction onset risk of different resistant varieties lay the foundation, suitable a wide range of popularization and application.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to tobacco-growing soil morbidity Potential Prediction technical field, and in particular to a kind of soil tobacco black shank morbidity
The Forecasting Methodology of potentiality.
Background technology
Tobacco black shank is by Phytophthora nicotianae（Phytophthora nicotianae) caused by soil-borne disease, natural bar
Under part, survived the winter with mycelium, egg spore and chlamydospore on the plant residue in soil.Intensive seedling production, can be controlled substantially
Sprout term disease processed, crop field is then the main place of disease control.At present, separation identification and counting Phytophthora nicotianae Breda from soil
The existing more report of method.Such as blade bait method and soil dilution planting（The separation of Phytophthora nicotianae in the soil such as Luo Wenfu
With quantitative determination Chinese tobacco journal, 1999,5 (4):29-31）, soil dilution planting and PCR proof methods（Wang Han etc. one
Plant quick separating identification and the Chinese agronomy circular of method of counting of Phytophthora nicotianae Breda in soil, 2012,28 (9):163-168）、
Fluorescent quantitative PCR technique（Chinese invention patent application number CN 201110402300. 9；Black shank bacterium in the soil such as Pan Mingsen
The foundation of quantitative fluorescent PCR rapid detection system and Preliminary Applications Agricultural University Of Jiangxi journal, 2015,37 (4):712-718）
Etc. method.Blade bait method can detect the phytophthora existed in zoospore form, carry out relative quantification；Soil dilution flat board
Method can obtain live strain, the phytophthora in quantitative soil, and adding PCR checkings can be more effective, but can not distinguish phytophthora presence
Form；Fluorescence quantifying PCR method quickly can be identified and counted to phytophthora, but cannot be distinguished by dead cell and living thin
Born of the same parents, and technical difficulty is big, cost is high, it is impossible to promoted in forefront of the production.What forefront of the production was used is still with middle domestic cigarettes
Method based on careless professional standard YC/T 341, but this method time span is big, is related to whole production season, and mainly pass through
Incidence combination meteorological condition over the years is predicted, and the quantity of Phytophthora nicotianae Breda is not related to.Therefore, it is necessary to set up one
It is kind relatively accurate, simple easily promote, cost is low, the tobacco black shank Forecasting Methodology applied suitable for forefront of the production.
The content of the invention
A kind of Forecasting Methodology for potentiality of being fallen ill it is an object of the invention to provide soil tobacco black shank.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this：The Forecasting Methodology of the soil tobacco black shank morbidity potentiality, including soil
The collection of earth sample is cultivated and disease survey and Prediction of Incidence Trend process with processing, heeling in for instruction tobacco, is specifically included：
A, pedotheque collection and processing：In the plot of preparation plantation tobacco, 5 points of samplings take pedotheque, sample
Depth 15 ~ 20 cm, every 1.0 ~ 1.5 kg of sampling, merge, mix, impurities removing, rolling is broken into soil particle, load in sieve basket,
Sieve basket is placed in pallet, water is injected in pallet, moistens soil, so that soil is damp, adhesion is advisable；
B, indicate that tobacco heels in culture：Indicate that tobacco routinely cultivate to 5 ~ 6 true leaf seedlings by floating seedlings mode, selects
The neat tobacco seedlings of growing way, shearing tobacco seedlings roots soil is transplanted into the sieve basket equipped with pedotheque, and the sieve basket for heeling in tobacco seedlings is placed in and is filled with water
In pallet, ground moistening is maintained, at 25 ~ 28 DEG C, relative humidity more than 75%, the 12 hours dark of illumination in 12 hours are alternate artificial
Cultivated in climatic chamber；
C, disease survey and Prediction of Incidence Trend：2nd ~ 3 day observation incidence after heeling in, 1 disease of investigation in every 6 ~ 8 days
Feelings, no less than 5 times, tobacco black shank is investigated in units of strain, morbidity is denoted as to tobacco seedlings are wilting to produce obvious scab, with disease-free
Spot, tobacco seedlings are upright, growth normally is denoted as not falling ill, and investigate all cigarette strains, and the state of an illness is recorded with the incidence of disease, popular according to field diseases
Law forecasting morbidity potentiality.
Forecasting Methodology of the present invention hinders root because the seedling using cultivars to disease susceptible is as indicator plant by shearing,
Pallet moistening culture is heeled in, field can be effectively simulated under temperature control, moisturizing, human controllable's environmental condition of illumination relative constancy certainly
The morbidity potentiality of soil balck shank can be predicted in so morbidity, the disease survey combination field diseases regularty of epidemic of one month, are different
The layout of resistant variety, field examination disease sick nursery, reduction onset risk lay the foundation.Prediction process is easy to learn, can program
Change, accurately and reliably, quickness and high efficiency can on a large scale be applicable in tobacco planting region.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated, but the present invention is not any limitation as in any way,
Based on present invention teach that any conversion or replacement made, belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Soil tobacco black shank of the present invention is fallen ill the Forecasting Methodologies of potentiality, including pedotheque collection and processing,
Indicate tobacco heels in culture and disease survey and Prediction of Incidence Trend process, specifically includes：
The collection of the pedotheque refers to treatment process：In the plot of preparation plantation tobacco, 5 points of samplings take soil
Earth sample, depth selection 15 ~ 20 cm, every 1.0 ~ 1.5 kg of sampling, merges, mixes, impurities removing, rolling is broken into soil particle,
Load in sieve basket, sieve basket is placed in pallet, water is injected in pallet, moistens soil, so that soil is damp, adhesion is advisable；
The culture processes of heeling in for indicating tobacco refer to：Indicate that tobacco routinely cultivate to 5 ~ 6 by floating seedlings mode
True leaf seedling, selects the neat tobacco seedlings of growing way, and shearing tobacco seedlings root soil is transplanted into the sieve basket equipped with pedotheque, heels in tobacco seedlings
Sieve basket is placed in water tray, maintains ground moistening, at 25 ~ 28 DEG C, relative humidity more than 75%, and illumination in 12 hours 12 hours is black
Cultivated in dark alternate phjytotron；
The disease survey refers to Prediction of Incidence Trend process：2nd ~ 3 day observation incidence, every 6 ~ 8 days after heeling in
1 state of an illness is investigated, no less than 5 times, tobacco black shank is investigated in units of strain, hair is denoted as to tobacco seedlings are wilting to produce obvious scab
Disease, so that disease-free spot, tobacco seedlings are upright, growth normally is denoted as not falling ill, investigates all cigarette strains, with the incidence of disease record state of an illness, according to field
Between disease epidemic law prediction morbidity potentiality.
The particle diameter of soil particle described in step A is 0.5 ~ 1.0 cm.
Inject water described in step A in pallet, moisten soil, the depth of pallet reclaimed water for soil height in sieve basket 1/3 ~
1/2。
The time that soil is moistened described in step A is 2 ~ 3 days.
Described in step B indicate tobacco refer to easily susceptible tobacco bred, can be the big gold dollar of safflower, dark green No. 1, KRK26,
White any of rib 21 or small gold 1025.
The neat tobacco seedlings of growing way are selected described in step B, in transplanting to the sieve basket equipped with pedotheque, 1/4 ~ 1/ need to be sheared
3 tobacco seedlings root soil.
The neat tobacco seedlings of growing way are selected described in step B, in transplanting to the sieve basket equipped with pedotheque, every basket of tobacco seedlings number is extremely
It is few 24 plants.
The tobacco seedlings heeled in described in step B are placed in water tray, maintain ground moistening, the depth of pallet reclaimed water is in sieve basket
The 1/3 ~ 1/2 of soil height.
Water described in step A, B can be any of running water, pure water or distilled water.
Disease survey and Prediction of Incidence Trend described in step C, are the 3rd day observation incidences after heeling in, investigate within every 7 days
1 state of an illness, totally 5 times.
Referred to described in step C according to field diseases regularty of epidemic prediction morbidity potentiality according to field diseases regularty of epidemic, just
The beginning incidence of disease more than 5%, without preventing and treating, humiture is suitable, do not remove diseased plant when, morbidity peak period in theory the incidence of disease up to 5
~ 8 times.
Embodiment
--- the prediction of potentiality occurs for 10 pedotheque tobacco black shanks
The present embodiment takes 10 pedotheques altogether, using the big gold dollar of cultivars to disease susceptible safflower（HD）It is used as instruction tobacco.
Concrete operations are as follows：
A, pedotheque collection and processing：In the plot of preparation plantation tobacco, 5 points of samplings take pedotheque, sample
Depth 18 cm, every 1.2 kg of sampling, merge, mix, impurities removing, roll over the soil particle for being broken into the cm of particle diameter 0.5 ~ 1.0, dress
Enter to sieve in basket, sieve basket is placed in pallet, running water is injected in pallet, it is soil height in sieve basket to make the depth of pallet reclaimed water
1/3, moistening soil 2 days, so that soil is damp, adhesion is advisable.
B, indicate that tobacco heels in culture：Indicate that the big gold dollar of tobacco safflower routinely cultivate to 5 ~ 6 by floating seedlings mode
True leaf seedling, selects the neat tobacco seedlings of growing way, and the tobacco seedlings root soil of shearing 1/3 is transplanted into the sieve basket equipped with pedotheque, every basket of cigarette
24 plants of seedling number, the sieve basket for heeling in tobacco seedlings is placed in the pallet for containing running water, and the depth of pallet reclaimed water is soil height in sieve basket
1/2, ground moistening is maintained, in 25 ~ 28 DEG C, relative humidity more than 75%, the 12 hours dark alternate artificial climates of illumination in 12 hours
Cultivated in room.
C, disease survey and Prediction of Incidence Trend：3rd day observation incidence after heeling in, 1 state of an illness of investigation in every 7 days, totally 5
Secondary, tobacco black shank is investigated in units of strain, is denoted as falling ill to tobacco seedlings are wilting to produce obvious scab, straight with disease-free spot, tobacco seedlings
Vertical, growth normally is denoted as not falling ill, and investigates all cigarette strains, and the state of an illness is recorded with the incidence of disease, is predicted according to field diseases regularty of epidemic
Morbidity potentiality.
Experimental result is shown in Table 1, test result indicates that, 10 pedotheque morbidity potentiality differences substantially, are put off with the time, sent out
Sick rate has risen, and the sample do not fallen ill always has 2, and the incidence of disease ＜ 10% of last 1 investigation sample has 1,10%≤
Incidence of disease ＜ 20.0% sample has 4, and the sample of the incidence of disease >=20% has 3.According to field diseases regularty of epidemic, initial morbidity
Rate more than 5%, without preventing and treating, humiture is suitable, do not remove diseased plant when, morbidity peak period in theory the incidence of disease up to 5 ~ 8 times.
Therefore, cultivars to disease susceptible is only capable of planting in 2 soil do not fallen ill, and the soil of the incidence of disease >=20% of last 1 investigation is then not
Cultivars to disease susceptible can be planted, 10%≤incidence of disease ＜ 20.0% soil needs to strengthen the anti-of disease when planting cultivars to disease susceptible
Control.
The pedotheque tobacco black shank incidence of table 1 is counted
Claims (8)
- The Forecasting Methodology of potentiality 1. a kind of soil tobacco black shank is fallen ill, it is characterised in that collection and place including pedotheque Reason, heeling in for instruction tobacco are cultivated and disease survey and Prediction of Incidence Trend process, are specifically included：A, pedotheque collection and processing：In the plot of preparation plantation tobacco, 5 points of samplings take pedotheque, depth selection 15 ~ 20cm, every 1.0 ~ 1.5kg of sampling, merges, mixes, impurities removing, rolling is broken into soil particle, loads in sieve basket, will sieve basket It is placed in pallet, injects water in pallet, moisten soil, so that soil is damp, adhesion is advisable；B, indicate that tobacco heels in culture：Indicate tobacco be the big gold dollar of safflower, dark green No. 1, KRK26, white rib 21 or small gold Any of 1025, indicate that tobacco routinely cultivate to 5 ~ 6 true leaf seedlings by floating seedlings mode, selects the neat cigarette of growing way Seedling, shearing tobacco seedlings root soil is transplanted into the sieve basket equipped with pedotheque, and the sieve basket for heeling in tobacco seedlings is placed in water tray, is maintained Ground moistening, at 25 ~ 28 DEG C, relative humidity more than 75%, illumination in 12 hours is trained for 12 hours in dark alternate phjytotron Support；C, disease survey and Prediction of Incidence Trend：2nd ~ 3 day observation incidence after heeling in, 1 state of an illness of investigation in every 6 ~ 8 days, no Less than 5 times, tobacco black shank is investigated in units of strain, morbidity is denoted as to tobacco seedlings are wilting to produce obvious scab, with disease-free spot, cigarette Seedling is upright, growth normally is denoted as not falling ill, and investigates all cigarette strains, the state of an illness is recorded with the incidence of disease, according to field diseases regularty of epidemic Prediction morbidity potentiality, refer to according to field diseases regularty of epidemic, and the initial incidence of disease is fitted more than 5% without preventing and treating, humiture When preferably, not removing diseased plant, morbidity peak period in theory the incidence of disease up to 5 ~ 8 times.
- 2. Forecasting Methodology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the particle diameter of soil particle described in step A is 0.5 ~ 1.0 cm。
- 3. Forecasting Methodology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that inject water described in step A in pallet, moistens soil, The depth of pallet reclaimed water is 1/3 ~ 1/2 of soil height in sieve basket.
- 4. Forecasting Methodology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the time that soil is moistened described in step A is 2 ~ 3 days.
- 5. Forecasting Methodology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the neat tobacco seedlings of growing way are selected described in step B, is transplanted In in the sieve basket equipped with pedotheque, 1/4 ~ 1/3 tobacco seedlings root soil need to be sheared.
- 6. Forecasting Methodology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the neat tobacco seedlings of growing way are selected described in step B, is transplanted In in the sieve basket equipped with pedotheque, at least 24 plants of every basket of tobacco seedlings number.
- 7. Forecasting Methodology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the sieve basket that tobacco seedlings are heeled in described in step B is placed in the support that is filled with water In disk, ground moistening is maintained, the depth of pallet reclaimed water is 1/3 ~ 1/2 of soil height in sieve basket.
- 8. Forecasting Methodology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that disease survey and Prediction of Incidence Trend described in step C, It is the 3rd day observation incidence after heeling in, 1 state of an illness of investigation in every 7 days, totally 5 times.
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| CN110036860A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-07-23 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | Method for judging tobacco root Disease pressure |
| CN111727783A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-10-02 | 贵州省烟草科学研究院 | Method for forecasting starting period of alternaria alternata |
| CN113966704A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-01-25 | 云南省烟草公司大理州公司 | Black shank induction morbidity method for potted tobacco leaves of Honghuadajinyuan variety |
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| CN101491199B (en) * | 2009-03-09 | 2011-01-05 | 云南省烟草科学研究所 | Tobacco black shank resistance disease nursery identification method |
| CN101999287B (en) * | 2010-09-14 | 2012-01-04 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Thermostatic hydroponic identification method for resistance of tobacco black shank at seedling stage |
| CN102498878B (en) * | 2011-11-03 | 2014-04-09 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | New method for identifying resistance in black shank quickly |
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