CN105104856A - Feed capable of improving reproductive capacity and increasing fertility rate of parent fishes of cynoglossus semilaevis - Google Patents
Feed capable of improving reproductive capacity and increasing fertility rate of parent fishes of cynoglossus semilaevis Download PDFInfo
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- CN105104856A CN105104856A CN201510536738.4A CN201510536738A CN105104856A CN 105104856 A CN105104856 A CN 105104856A CN 201510536738 A CN201510536738 A CN 201510536738A CN 105104856 A CN105104856 A CN 105104856A
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- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
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- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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Abstract
The invention discloses a feed capable of improving the reproductive capacity and increasing the fertility rate of parent fishes of cynoglossus semilaevis, belonging to a preparation technology of a compound feed for marine fishes. The additive amount of euphausiacea meal in the feed is 10%. The feed for the parent fishes of cynoglossus semilaevis contains 62% of fish meal, 10% of euphausiacea meal, 5% of casein, 10% of high-gluten flour, 6% of fish oil, 1% of soybean oil, 2% of soybean lecithin, 1% of choline, 1.5% of monocalcium phosphate, 0.5% of vitamin C, 0.5% of mixed vitamin and 0.5% of mixed mineral substances according to a formula. Because 10% of the euphausiacea meal is added into the feed for the parent fishes of cynoglossus semilaevis, the reproductive capacity of the cynoglossus semilaevis can be improved, the content of serum estradiol can be increased, the fertility rate, hatchability and survival vital index are remarkably increased, and the malformation rate of larva fishes is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to seawater fish mixed feed field, relate to a kind of feed improving Cynoglossus semilaevis fertility of parent fish and rate of fertilization particularly.
Background technology
At present, China parent population cultivates the Moist pellet of feed used mainly chilled trash fish or simple processing, and these bait can not meet the nutritional need of parent population completely, also can cause the problems such as the waste of resource and environmental pollution.Unbalance or the shortage of parent population nutrition can cause parent population gonad development bad, output gamete poor quality, causes emergence rate to decline and fry quality reduction.The design of rational parent population feed formula, the supply of high-quality parent population feed, most important to the development of marine industry.The nutritional need of parent population is a very weak link in fish nutrition research.
In recent years, in Cynoglossus semilaevis artificial breeding process, the reproductive performance of parent population is poor, and the problem that larva and juvenile quality reduces is more and more serious, causes semi-smooth tongue sole offspring breed shortage, further developing of serious its aquaculture of restriction.At present, the emergence rate of China's Cynoglossus semilaevis artificial breeding is general not higher than 30%, and the shortage of high-quality seed has been now the bottleneck of this fingerling aquaculture industry development.The poor reason of Cynoglossus semilaevis parent population reproductive performance has two aspects: be that Cynoglossus semilaevis self male and female individual difference is comparatively large on the one hand, Male reproductive performance is lower, reduces the reproductive performance of parent population; Research on the other hand about the nutritional need of Cynoglossus semilaevis is just at the early-stage, and the nutritional need research of parent population is almost blank, does not have the special feed for Cynoglossus semilaevis parent population Stage Nutrition demand.
Beta carotene in krill meal, astaxanthin play an important role in the immune system regulating fish; astaxanthin can prevent the damage of active oxygen; thus strengthen the resistance of disease; improve in survival rate krill meal containing abundant chitin; it can use as immunopotentiator in feed; impel immune activation, thus protection fish body is from the infringement of pathogen.The effect simultaneously also proposing this raising immunity is different according to fingerling, the effect of Promote immunity power is obtained maximize, be also noted that chitinous negative effect, as immunosupress and reduction growth performance, there are some researches show, in feed, add the premunition that astaxanthin can strengthen prawn, improve its survival rate, the injury of ultraviolet radiation to it can also be weakened.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention proposes a kind of feed improving Cynoglossus semilaevis fertility of parent fish and rate of fertilization, and the present invention, by controlling the addition of krill meal 10%, can significantly improve Cynoglossus semilaevis fertility of parent fish and rate of fertilization.
The present invention completes by following operating technology:
Improve a feed for Cynoglossus semilaevis fertility of parent fish and rate of fertilization, the weight percent content of described Dietary phosphorus shrimp med is 10%.
Improve a feed for Cynoglossus semilaevis fertility of parent fish and rate of fertilization, the composition of described feed and mass percent thereof are fish meal 62%, krill meal 10%, casein 5%, high-strength flour 10%, fish oil 6%, soya-bean oil 1%, soybean lecithin 2%, choline 1%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1.5%, vitamin C 0.5%, mixed vitamin 0.5%, composite ore material 0.5%.
Described mixed vitamin (mg/kgorg/kg feed): vitamin A, 32mg; Riboflavin, 45mg; Vitamin, B
12; 0.1mg biotin, 1.20mg; Vitamin D, 5mg; Vitamin K
3, 10mg; Puridoxine hydrochloride, 20mg; Vitamin E, 120mg; Inositol, 800mg; Nicotinic acid, 200mg; Thiamine, 25mg; Folic acid, 20mg; Pantothenic acid, 60mg; Secondary powder, 18.67g.
Described composite ore material (mg/kgorg/kg feed): sodium fluoride, 2mg; Zeolite powder, 15.51g; Magnesium sulfate, 1200mg; Zinc sulfate, 50mg; Cobalt chloride, 50mg; Copper sulphate, 10mg; Calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 3000mg; Ferric sulfate, 80mg; Common salt, 100mg; KI, 0.8mg.
The present invention's beneficial effect compared with prior art:
1, with the addition of fish meal, krill meal and casein in feed is protein sources, and feed can be made to have a rational nutrition composition, can meet Cynoglossus semilaevis parent population to protein and amino acid whose nutritional need.
2, the present invention adds the krill meal that mass percent is 10% in Cynoglossus semilaevis feed, control the addition of krill meal thus make nutriment in feed, have an optimum proportioning, reproductive capacity and the rate of fertilization of Cynoglossus semilaevis can be improved, improve the quality of its larva and juvenile, reduce prelarva abnormal rate, and should have the content of Dietary phosphorus shrimp med when being increased to 20%, it is to Cynoglossus semilaevis gonad development and larva and juvenile effect on the contrary lower than the former, and the krill meal adding 10% as can be seen here in feed can reach best technique effect.
Detailed description of the invention:
Describe technology contents of the present invention in detail below by embodiment, but technical scheme of the present invention is not by any pro forma restriction of embodiment.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment is mainly to the screening of different phosphate shrimp med in feed for parent fish of Cynoglossus semilaevis, utilize the krill meal of 0,10% and 20%, be made into three kinds of experiment forage feed Cynoglossus semilaevis parent populations waiting the fat such as nitrogen 3 months, observe its reproductive capacity and offspring quality to prove the present invention's beneficial effect compared with prior art.Feed formula and trophic component are in table 1.
Table 1 tests feed formula and trophic component (% dry)
Note:
1vitamin compound (mg/kgorg/kg feed): vitamin A, 32mg; Riboflavin, 45mg; Vitamin, B
12; 0.1mg biotin, 1.20mg; Vitamin D, 5mg; Vitamin K
3, 10mg; Puridoxine hydrochloride, 20mg; Vitamin E, 120mg; Inositol, 800mg; Nicotinic acid, 200mg; Thiamine, 25mg; Folic acid, 20mg; Pantothenic acid, 60mg; Secondary powder 18.67g.
2mineral mixture (mg/kgorg/kg feed): sodium fluoride, 2mg; Zeolite powder, 15.51g; Magnesium sulfate, 1200mg; Zinc sulfate, 50mg; Cobalt chloride, 50mg; Copper sulphate, 10mg; Calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 3000mg; Ferric sulfate, 80mg; Common salt, 100mg; KI, 0.8mg.
After cultivation terminates, and measure every bar and to lay eggs the body weight of parent population and egg laying amount.By ovum artificial insemination, and add seawater and stir gently, then leave standstill 11-15 minute, get floating ovum and be distributed into incubation net cage.Micro-inflation between the incubation period, water temperature controls at 23 ± 0.5 DEG C, and salinity is 31 ~ 34, more than dissolved oxygen amount 6mg/L.
After hatching 30h, each incubation net cage is got 25ml floating ovum and is distributed in breeding barrel (diameter 230cm, high 100cm).Cultivation water is sand filtration seawater, and water temperature controls at 23 ± 0.5 DEG C, salinity 30 ~ 32, more than dissolved oxygen amount 6mg/L, the initial stage water yield is 3/5 of breeding barrel volume, adds water to the first five day full, adopts running water technology later, quantity of exchanged water increases gradually, and during to 10 age in days, quantity of exchanged water is 50%.To throw something and feed before prelarva opening chlorella, keep density to be 3 × 10
8l
-1left and right, 3 ~ 11 ages in days are thrown something and fed wheel animalcule, each feeding volume 5 ~ 6/ml, and 7 ~ 15 ages in days are thrown something and fed artemia nauplii, and density remains on 4 ~ 6/mL.
Every bar parent population that lays eggs gets 1mL ovum in culture dish, and measure floating ovum rate after adding seawater, wherein the measured ovum of matter can float, and second-rate or dead ovum can sink to bottom culture dish, and every bar parent population repeats to get 3 ovums; After fertilization 2h, get 100 embryonated eggs altogether from each incubation net cage three diverse locations to examine under a microscope and Taking Pictures recording, statistics rate of fertilization, from above-mentioned 100 ovums, random choose 20 ovums measure ovum diameter, select 25 oily balls and measure oily bulb diameter, repeat 3 times; After fertilization 30h, get 1mL embryonated egg and be distributed in 1000mL beaker from each incubation net cage, often organize 3 repetition, after prelarva all hatches, statistics incubation rate, abnormal rate, wherein lopsidedly refers to that hatching prelarva afterbody bends or the individuality of spinal curvature.From each breeding barrel, the normal prelarva of random choose 100 tail, is distributed in the beaker of 1000mL, measures 3 days survival rates, often organizes 3 repetitions.Larval activity with survival activity index for measurement index, the normotrophic newly hatched larvae of 100 tail is chosen from each glass jar, put into the beaker (1000mL) filling it up with seawater, every day, quantity of exchanged water was 1/3 of test water body, experimental session is not heated and is not thrown something and fed yet, and keeps experimental condition consistent, and records the dead quantity of each experimental group prelarva every day, until prelarva is all dead, calculate survival activity index.After prelarva hatches, random choose 10 tail prelarva from each cultivation cylinder, measures body long, and every day surveys once, continuous measurement 11 days, often organizes 3 times.
The impact of krill meal on Cynoglossus semilaevis parent population reproductive performance is as shown in table 2, each experimental group survival rate there was no significant difference (P > 0.05); In K-10 group sexual gland maturing rate and serum, estradiol content is all significantly higher than other 2 groups (P < 0.05), in K-20 group sexual gland maturing rate and serum estradiol content higher than control group there was no significant difference (P > 0.05); The relative egg laying amount of K-10 group be significantly higher than control group (P < 0.05) and with K-20 group there was no significant difference (P > 0.05), the relative egg laying amount of K-20 group is a little more than control group but there was no significant difference (P > 0.05).
The impact of krill meal on Cynoglossus semilaevis parent population ovum quality is as shown in table 3, K-10 group rate of fertilization is 87.98%, be significantly higher than 68.19%, 75.07% (P < 0.05) of control group and K-20 group, K-20 group rate of fertilization is higher than control group, but there was no significant difference (P > 0.05); K-10 group incubation rate be significantly higher than control group (P < 0.05) and with K-20 group there was no significant difference (P > 0.05), K-20 group incubation rate is a little more than control group but there was no significant difference (P > 0.05); The floating ovum rate of K-10 and K-20 group, ovum footpath and oily bulb diameter there was no significant difference (P > 0.05), but be all significantly higher than control group (P < 0.05); Each group of seminal concentration is without significant difference (P < 0.05).
The impact of krill meal on Cynoglossus semilaevis parent population reproductive performance is added in table 2 feed
Note: same line number is different letter representation significant difference (P<0.05) according to this
The impact of krill meal on Cynoglossus semilaevis ovum quality is added in table 3 feed
Note: same line number is different letter representation significant difference (P<0.05) according to this
The impact of krill meal on Cynoglossus semilaevis prelarva quality is added as shown in table 4 in feed, along with the raising of Dietary phosphorus shrimp med addition, newly hatched larvae, 3 age in days prelarvas, the young fish length of 6 ages in days significantly raises (P < 0.05), K-10 and K-20 organizes the young fish length of 11 ages in days and is respectively 8.82mm, 9.13mm, there was no significant difference (P > 0.05) between two groups, but be all significantly higher than K-0 group (P < 0.05), the young fish length of K-20 group 15 age in days is 11.52mm, be significantly higher than other two groups (P < 0.05), the young fish length of K-10 group 15 age in days is 11.05mm, higher than K-0 group but there was no significant difference (P > 0.05), K-10 group prelarva abnormal rate is 1.93%, significantly lower than K-0 group (P < 0.05), K-20 group and control group prelarva abnormal rate are respectively 2.67%, 3.77%, there was no significant difference (P > 0.05) between two experimental group, K-20 and K-10 organizes 3 days survival rates and survival activity index there was no significant difference (P > 0.05), but is all significantly higher than K-0 group (P < 0.05).
The impact of krill meal on Cynoglossus semilaevis prelarva quality is added in table 4 feed
Note: same line number is different letter representation significant difference (P<0.05) according to this
Krill meal is added as shown in table 5 on the impact of Cynoglossus semilaevis prelarva digestive enzyme activity in feed, along with the rising of Dietary phosphorus shrimp med addition, 6 age in days prelarva amylase, lipase active significantly raise (P < 0.05), K-10 and K-20 organizes 6 age in days prelarva proteinase activities and is respectively 0.64U/mgprot and 0.66U/mgprot, there was no significant difference (P > 0.05) between two experimental group, but be all significantly higher than K-0 group (P < 0.05); Along with the rising of Dietary phosphorus shrimp med addition, 15 age in days prelarva proteinase activities significantly raise (P < 0.05), K-20 group 15 age in days prelarva amylase activity is up to 4.05U/mgprot, is significantly higher than other two groups (P < 0.05); K-10 group 15 age in days prelarva lipase active is the highest, but three experimental group 15 age in days prelarvas lipase active there was no significant difference (P > 0.05).
The impact of krill meal on Cynoglossus semilaevis prelarva digestive enzyme activity is added in table 5 feed
Note: same line number is different letter representation significant difference (P<0.05) according to this
Ovum content of fatty acid is as shown in table 6, and in ovum, saturated fatty acid content has the trend risen with the rising of krill meal addition, but difference is not significantly (P>0.05); K-10 group and K-20 group monounsaturated fatty acids content are respectively 23.45%, 23.07%, and all higher than 21.32% of K-0 group, but difference is not significantly (P>0.05); Control group n-6 unsaturated fatty acid content is 12.06mg/kg, be significantly higher than the 10.68mg/kg (P<0.05) of K-20 group, and with K-10 group there was no significant difference (P>0.05), K-10 group and K-20 group n-6 unsaturated fatty acid content there was no significant difference (P>0.05); K-10 and K-20 organizes DPA content and is respectively 3.48mg/kg, 3.30mg/kg, there was no significant difference (P>0.05) between two groups, but is all significantly higher than K-0 group; K-10 group DHA content is significantly higher than control group (P<0.05), and with K-20 group there was no significant difference (P>0.05), K-20 group DHA content higher than K-0 group but difference not significantly (P>0.05); K-10 group n-3 unsaturated fatty acid content and K-20 group there was no significant difference (P>0.05), but be all significantly higher than control group (P<0.05); K-10 group is close with n-6 ratio with K-20 group n-3, but is all significantly higher than control group (P<0.05).
Table 6 krill meal is on the impact (dry) of Cynoglossus semilaevis ovum content of fatty acid
Note: the less aliphatic acid (C22:0, C24:0, C14:1, C20:2n-6, C20:3n-6) of content is unlisted; PUFA, unrighted acid.
Same line number is different letter representation significant difference (P<0.05) according to this.
Krill meal impact that is active on SOD in Cynoglossus semilaevis parent population serum, liver, embryonated egg and MDA content is as shown in table 7, in K-10 group and K-20 group serum, SOD activity is 200.00U/mL, 184.68U/mL, all higher than control group, but difference is not significantly (P > 0.05), in K-10 group and K-20 group serum, MDA content difference is not significantly (P > 0.05), but all remarkable in K-0 group (P < 0.05); In 3 experimental group livers, SOD activity difference is not significantly (P > 0.05), in K-10 group and K-20 group liver, MDA content is respectively 6.24nmol/mgprot, 7.05nmol/mgprot, between two groups, difference is not significantly (P > 0.05), but all remarkable in K-0 group (P < 0.05); K-10 and K-20 organizes SOD activity difference remarkable (P > 0.05) in embryonated egg, but be all significantly higher than K-0 group (P < 0.05), in 3 experimental group embryonated eggs, MDA content difference is not significantly (P > 0.05).
Table 7 krill meal is on the impact of SOD activity and MDA content in Cynoglossus semilaevis parent population serum, liver, spermary, ovary and embryonated egg
Note: same line number is different letter representation significant difference (P<0.05) according to this
From above experiment, in feed for parent fish of Cynoglossus semilaevis, add 10% krill meal, the content of serum estradiol can be improved, effectively can improve egg laying amount, the maturity of fish gonads of Cynoglossus semilaevis parent population, and rate of fertilization, incubation rate, survival activity index significantly raise, prelarva abnormal rate significantly declines.
Claims (2)
1. can improve a feed for Cynoglossus semilaevis fertility of parent fish and rate of fertilization, it is characterized in that described Dietary phosphorus shrimp med addition is 10% (weight ratio).
2. feed according to claim 1, is characterized in that the composition of described feed and mass percent thereof are fish meal 62%, krill meal 10%, casein 5%, high-strength flour 10%, fish oil 6%, soya-bean oil 1%, soybean lecithin 2%, choline 1%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1.5%, vitamin C 0.5%, mixed vitamin 0.5%, composite ore material 0.5%.
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| CN110923146A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-03-27 | 海南大学 | Chlorella rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids and essential amino acids and application thereof |
| CN113080111A (en) * | 2021-04-15 | 2021-07-09 | 山东龙昌动物保健食品有限公司 | Application of bile acid in improving intestinal health and cultivation survival rate of cynoglossus semilaevis |
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