CN105085553B - 邻菲啰啉桥联多核铜氮杂环卡宾化合物 - Google Patents
邻菲啰啉桥联多核铜氮杂环卡宾化合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN105085553B CN105085553B CN201410202780.8A CN201410202780A CN105085553B CN 105085553 B CN105085553 B CN 105085553B CN 201410202780 A CN201410202780 A CN 201410202780A CN 105085553 B CN105085553 B CN 105085553B
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- carbene compound
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- heterocyclic carbine
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- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1,10]phenanthroline Chemical group C1=CN=C2C3=NC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- -1 copper carbene compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 124
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 241000370738 Chlorion Species 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229940006460 bromide ion Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M iodide Chemical compound [I-] XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229940006461 iodide ion Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical group CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- BERDEBHAJNAUOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(I) oxide Inorganic materials [Cu]O[Cu] BERDEBHAJNAUOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- KRFJLUBVMFXRPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cuprous oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Cu+].[Cu+] KRFJLUBVMFXRPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000006736 Huisgen cycloaddition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 229940112669 cuprous oxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000002460 imidazoles Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000006352 cycloaddition reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 40
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 22
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N Dimethyl sulfoxide Chemical compound [2H]C([2H])([2H])S(=O)C([2H])([2H])[2H] IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 13
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- FMRHJJZUHUTGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylhexyl salicylate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O FMRHJJZUHUTGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 10
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- UEXCJVNBTNXOEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethynylbenzene Chemical group C#CC1=CC=CC=C1 UEXCJVNBTNXOEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 8
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 7
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 7
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 7
- PXIPVTKHYLBLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium azide Chemical compound [Na+].[N-]=[N+]=[N-] PXIPVTKHYLBLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- TZRXHJWUDPFEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)OCC(CO[N+]([O-])=O)(CO[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+]([O-])=O TZRXHJWUDPFEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000001345 alkine derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- UDLLFLQFQMACJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N azidomethylbenzene Chemical compound [N-]=[N+]=NCC1=CC=CC=C1 UDLLFLQFQMACJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KDCGOANMDULRCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7H-purine Chemical compound N1=CNC2=NC=NC2=C1 KDCGOANMDULRCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001495 sodium tetrafluoroborate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007445 Chromatographic isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005749 Copper compound Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021591 Copper(I) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910017673 NH4PF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007259 addition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001880 copper compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(I) chloride Chemical compound [Cu]Cl OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 2
- JCYWCSGERIELPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N imes Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1N1C=CN(C=2C(=CC(C)=CC=2C)C)[C]1 JCYWCSGERIELPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 2
- FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium iodide Chemical compound [Na+].[I-] FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- QMCFZHHGZGMUAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,3,4-trimethylphenyl)-1H-imidazole Chemical class CC1=C(C(=C(C=C1)C=1NC=CN=1)C)C QMCFZHHGZGMUAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- MKBBSFGKFMQPPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-propyl-1h-imidazole Chemical compound CCCC1=NC=CN1 MKBBSFGKFMQPPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004800 4-bromophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C1Br 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000004237 Crocus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000596148 Crocus Species 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- OKJPEAGHQZHRQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triiodomethane Natural products IC(I)I OKJPEAGHQZHRQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BLJLOSJXZCESDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylene toluene Chemical group C#C.CC1=CC=CC=C1 BLJLOSJXZCESDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HFJASQBEIMATBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylene;pyridine Chemical group C#C.C1=CC=NC=C1 HFJASQBEIMATBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052789 astatine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000852 azido group Chemical group *N=[N+]=[N-] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940125904 compound 1 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodomethane Chemical compound IC INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- AUHZEENZYGFFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N mesitylene Substances CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1 AUHZEENZYGFFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001827 mesitylenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C(C(*)=C(C([H])=C1C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000005649 metathesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006053 organic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006503 p-nitrobenzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1[N+]([O-])=O)C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005041 phenanthrolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GHUURDQYRGVEHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-1-ynylbenzene Chemical group CC#CC1=CC=CC=C1 GHUURDQYRGVEHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium borate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F1/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 1 or 11 of the Periodic Table
- C07F1/08—Copper compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/18—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms
- B01J31/1805—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms the ligands containing nitrogen
- B01J31/181—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, comprising at least one complexing nitrogen atom as ring member, e.g. pyridine
- B01J31/1825—Ligands comprising condensed ring systems, e.g. acridine, carbazole
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D249/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D249/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms not condensed with other rings
- C07D249/04—1,2,3-Triazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,3-triazoles
- C07D249/06—1,2,3-Triazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,3-triazoles with aryl radicals directly attached to ring atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
- C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D401/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
- C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D401/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
- C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D471/04—Ortho-condensed systems
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2231/00—Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2231/30—Addition reactions at carbon centres, i.e. to either C-C or C-X multiple bonds
- B01J2231/32—Addition reactions to C=C or C-C triple bonds
- B01J2231/324—Cyclisations via conversion of C-C multiple to single or less multiple bonds, e.g. cycloadditions
- B01J2231/327—Dipolar cycloadditions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/10—Complexes comprising metals of Group I (IA or IB) as the central metal
- B01J2531/16—Copper
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及邻菲啰啉桥联多核铜氮杂环卡宾化合物,主要解决现有的单核铜卡宾化合物作为叠氮化合物与炔化合物1,3‑偶极环加成反应的催化剂时催化剂用量高以及稳定性不佳的问题,本发明通过采用所述卡宾化合物组成为[Cua(L)2Xa]·nY;a为2、3、4或5;L的结构式如下;R为C6~C10的芳烃基、C1~C10的脂烃基、苄基或2‑吡啶甲基中的一种;X为氯离子、溴离子、碘离子、四氟硼酸根、四苯基硼酸根或六氟磷酸根中的一种;Y为Cu配位溶剂分子,n为所述卡宾化合物中含有Y的数目,选自0、1、2、3或4的技术方案,较好地解决了该技术问题,可用于催化叠氮化合物与炔化合物1,3‑偶极环加成反应中。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及邻菲啰啉桥联多核铜氮杂环卡宾化合物、其制备方法以及所述卡宾化合物在催化叠氮化合物与炔化合物1,3-偶极环加成反应中的应用。
背景技术
氮杂环卡宾是传统有机膦配体的类似物。过渡金属氮杂环卡宾化学近年来发展迅速,在有机合成,药物化学以及材料化学领域已有广泛研究。据Amazon网站查询,已有十几种有关氮杂环卡宾化学的专著相继出版。国际期刊Dalton Transactions,Organometallics,Coordination Chemistry Reviews和Chemical Reviews也出版了有关氮杂环卡宾化学的专辑。相对于广泛研究的钯,钌,铂和银等贵金属氮杂环卡宾化合物,铜氮杂环卡宾化合物容易制备,价廉低毒,也得到人们广泛的关注。自1993年Arduengo等报道了第一例氮杂环卡宾铜化合物以来(Arduengo,A.J.;Dias,H.V.R.;Calabrese,J.C.;Davidson,F.Organometallics,1993,12,3405),已有数百种铜卡宾化合物被成功合成并表征了结构。
铜氮杂环卡宾化合物已经在多种有机反应中取得了重要进展,例如:二氧化碳的活化与转化、醇氧化制备醛、共轭加成反应、1,3-偶极环加成反应、烯丙基取代反应、硼化反应等,其中铜卡宾化合物在1,3-偶极环加成反应中的应用尤为成功,可以快速、高选择性与高产率地构建1,2,3-三唑类化合物,而此类化合物则是重要的药物分子、功能材料分子砌块。目前,开发1,3-偶极环加成反应的高效铜卡宾催化剂仍是一大研究热点。而公开报道中的铜卡宾催化剂多数为单核铜卡宾化合物。但已有的单核铜卡宾化合物性质不够稳定,可能会被氧化而变质,而且作为叠氮化合物与炔化合物1,3-偶极环加成反应的催化剂时催化剂用量往往偏高。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题之一是现有的单核铜卡宾化合物作为叠氮化合物与炔化合物1,3-偶极环加成反应的催化剂时催化剂用量高以及不够稳定的问题,提供邻菲啰啉桥联多核铜氮杂环卡宾化合物,该卡宾化合物用于叠氮化合物与炔化合物1,3-偶极环加成反应的催化剂时,具有性质稳定、催化剂用量少、反应快速的优点。
本发明所要解决的技术问题之二是上述技术问题之一所述卡宾化合物的制备方法。
本发明所要解决的技术问题之三是上述技术问题之一所述卡宾化合物在催化叠氮化合物与炔化合物1,3-偶极环加成反应中的应用。
为解决上述技术问题之一,本发明的技术方案1如下:邻菲啰啉桥联多核铜氮杂环卡宾化合物,所述卡宾化合物具有如下组成[Cua(L)2Xa]·nY;a为2、3、4或5;L的结构式为:
R为C6~C10的芳烃基、C1~C10的脂烃基、苄基或2-吡啶甲基中的一种;X为氯离子、溴离子、碘离子、四氟硼酸根、四苯基硼酸根或六氟磷酸根中的一种;Y为Cu配位溶剂分子,n为所述卡宾化合物中含有Y的数目,选自0、1、2、3或4。R为C6~C10的芳烃基的例子有但不限于苯基、均三甲苯基;R为C1~C10的脂烃基的例子有但不限于甲基、烯丙基、丁基。
作为上述技术方案1的优选技术方案,技术方案2如下:R为C6~C9芳烃基、C1~C10的脂烃基、苄基或2-吡啶甲基中的一种,但不包括烯丙基;n为0。
作为上述技术方案1的另一种优选技术方案,技术方案3如下:R为烯丙基;n为1、2、3和4中的任意一种,所述Y为乙腈。
为解决上述技术问题之二,本发明的技术方案4如下:上述技术方案2中所述的卡宾化合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)在有机溶剂中依次加入咪唑盐和氧化亚铜进行反应;
2)反应后的混合液过滤,浓缩,重结晶得到所述卡宾化合物;
其中所述的咪唑盐结构式如下:
作为上述技术方案4的优选,技术方案5,步骤1)中所述的有机溶剂选自二氯甲烷、丙酮、乙腈和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中的任意一种或它们的混合物。
作为上述技术方案4的优选,技术方案6,步骤1)中所述的氧化亚铜与咪唑盐用量的摩尔比为1:1~5:1;更优选的摩尔比为1:1~3:1。步骤1)中所述的反应温度优选为25~80℃;反应时间优选为1~48小时。
作为上述技术方案4的优选,技术方案7,步骤2)重结晶采用的溶剂为醚。更优选乙醚和/或二氧六环。
为解决上述技术问题之二,本发明的技术方案8如下:技术方案3中所述的卡宾化合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
i)在有机溶剂中依次加入咪唑盐和氧化亚铜进行反应;
ii)反应后的混合液过滤,浓缩,重结晶得到所述卡宾化合物;
所述的有机溶剂为乙腈,或所述的有机溶剂为由乙腈和选自二氯甲烷、丙酮和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中的至少一种组成;
其中所述的咪唑盐结构式如下:
作为上述技术方案8的优选技术方案,步骤i)中所述的氧化亚铜与咪唑盐用量的摩尔比为1:1~5:1;更优选的摩尔比为1:1~3:1。
作为上述技术方案8的优选技术方案,步骤i)中所述的反应温度优选为25~80℃。
作为上述技术方案8的优选技术方案,反应时间优选为1~48小时。
作为上述技术方案8的优选,技术方案9是步骤ii)重结晶采用的溶剂为醚。更优选乙醚和/或二氧六环。
本发明步骤1)和步骤i)使用的咪唑盐,可以采用下述方法制备:
1、咪唑卤化物的制备
以甲苯为溶剂,2,9-二卤代邻菲啰啉与N-R咪唑(R的概念如技术方案1所述)进行反应,过滤反应得到的沉淀为咪唑卤化物粗产物。纯化的方法是:先后用甲苯和乙醚洗涤得到的沉淀,用热甲醇溶解,然后向甲醇溶液中加入乙醚再次得到固体,析出的固体经真空干燥得到的粉末即为纯净的咪唑卤化物。反应式如下:
(其中Hal为Cl、Br或I)
2、咪唑四氟硼酸盐、咪唑四苯基硼酸盐或咪唑六氟磷酸盐制备
以水为溶剂,咪唑卤化物与六氟磷酸铵(NH4PF6)、四氟硼酸钠(NaBF4)或四苯硼酸钠(NaBPh4)进行复分解反应得到相应的咪唑六氟磷酸盐、咪唑四氟硼酸盐或咪唑四苯基硼酸盐。具体操作是,将咪唑卤化物的水溶液滴加到六氟磷酸铵(NH4PF6)、四氟硼酸钠(NaBF4)或四苯硼酸钠(NaBPh4)的水溶液中,过滤得到的沉淀经干燥即得相应的咪唑六氟磷酸盐、咪唑四氟硼酸盐或咪唑四苯基硼酸盐。
为解决上述技术问题之三,本发明的技术方案10如下:在上述技术方案1至3中任一项所述卡宾化合物在催化叠氮化合物与炔化合物1,3-偶极环加成反应中的应用。
上述技术方案10中,反应中的所述叠氮化合物的例子有但不限于苄基叠氮、4-叔丁基苄基叠氮、4-硝基苄基叠氮、皮考基叠氮、4-溴苯基叠氮或叠氮化钠。当所述叠氮化合物为叠氮化钠时,所述反应的原料中除了包括叠氮化合物和炔化合物以外,还需要加入卤代烃。
上述技术方案10中,反应中的所述炔化合物的例子有但不限于苯乙炔、对甲基苯乙炔或吡啶乙炔。
本发明的多核铜氮杂环卡宾化合物能够催化多种叠氮化合物与炔化合物的1,3-偶极环加成反应,催化剂用量少,反应产率高,反应条件温和,不需要额外添加配体,也不需要惰性气体氛围保护,因此这些多核铜化合物在药物合成、功能材料合成等多个领域有着广泛的应用前景。催化剂用量以Cu计,在同比条件下本发明催化剂的反应产率高达99%,而采用单核铜氮杂环卡宾化合物时,反应产率仅为54%,取得了较好的技术效果,可用于催化叠氮化合物与炔化合物1,3-偶极环加成反应生产中。
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明进行详细说明。
附图说明
图1为铜卡宾化合物Cu-1阳离子部分的X-射线单晶衍射图;
图2为铜卡宾化合物Cu-2阳离子部分的X-射线单晶衍射图;
图3为铜卡宾化合物Cu-3阳离子部分的X-射线单晶衍射图;
图4为铜卡宾化合物Cu-4阳离子部分的X-射线单晶衍射图;
图5为铜卡宾化合物Cu-5阳离子部分的X-射线单晶衍射图;
图6为铜卡宾化合物Cu-6阳离子部分的X-射线单晶衍射图。
具体实施方式
通过下述实施例进一步说明本发明,但不限制本发明的内容。
实施例1配体前体S1(C24H22F12N6P2)的制备
在100mL烧瓶中加入1245mg(5.0mmol)2,9-二氯邻菲啰呤,2160mg(20.0mmol)N-烯丙基咪唑,1500mg(10.0mmol)碘化钠(NaI),40mL甲苯,在110~120℃油浴中,搅拌反应96小时。过滤产生的沉淀,经甲苯洗涤(2×15mL)、乙醚洗涤(2×15mL),用热水使其溶解,过滤后滴加到搅拌的3260mg(20.0mmol)六氟磷酸铵(NH4PF6)的水溶液中,析出的固体干燥后得到灰白色粉末即为配体前体产物S1,产率:1026mg(30%)。1H NMR(400Hz,DMSO-d6):δ10.40(s,2H,NCHN),9.02(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),8.96(s,2H),8.50(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),8.26(s,2H),8.12(s,2H),6.16-6.27(m,2H,NCH2CH=CH2),5.46-5.53(m,4H,NCH2CH=CH2),5.08(d,J=6.0Hz,4H,NCH2CH=CH2).
实施例2配体前体S2(C36H34Cl2N6)的制备
在100mL烧瓶中加入1245mg(5.0mmol)2,9-二氯邻菲啰呤,3720mg(20.0mmol)N-均三甲苯基咪唑,50mL甲苯,在110~120℃油浴中,搅拌反应100小时。过滤产生的沉淀,经甲苯洗涤(2×15mL)、乙醚洗涤(2×15mL),用少量热甲醇使其溶解,加入40mL乙醚,析出的固体经真空干燥后得到白色粉末即为配体前体产物S2,产率:497mg(16%)。1H NMR(400Hz,DMSO-d6):δ10.65(s,2H,NCHN),9.24(s,2H),9.08(d,J=9.2Hz,2H),8.55(d,J=9.2Hz,2H),8.31-8.36(m,4H),7.22(s,4H,Mes-H),2.35(s,6H,CH3),2.17(s,12H,CH3).
实施例3四核铜氮杂环卡宾化合物Cu-1(C56H52Cu4F24N16P4)的制备
在50mL Schlenk瓶中加入137mg(0.2mmol)双咪唑盐S1,29mg(0.2mmol)氧化亚铜(Cu2O),4mL乙腈,在50~60℃油浴中,搅拌反应20小时,以300目硅胶层过滤得到红色溶液,浓缩至3mL,加入10mL乙醚结晶得到红色粉末即为四核铜氮杂环卡宾化合物Cu-1,产率:59mg(33%)。1H NMR(400Hz,DMSO-d6):δ9.13(d,J=8.0Hz,4H),8.46(s,4H),8.26(d,J=8.8Hz,4H),8.08(s,4H),7.21(s,4H),4.58-4.73(m,4H,NCH2CH=CH2),4.33-4.50(m,8H,NCH2CH=CH2),3.59-3.70(m,8H,NCH2CH=CH2),2.06(s,12H,CH3CN).用元素分析表征了配合物Cu-1的结构,其分子式为C56H52Cu4F24N16P4,其中C,37.60;H,2.98;N,12.73。理论值为C,37.72;H,2.94;N,12.57。
图1为铜卡宾化合物Cu-1阳离子部分的X-射线单晶衍射图。
实施例4三核铜氮杂环卡宾化合物Cu-2(C64H48Cu3F18N12P3)的制备
在50mL Schlenk瓶中加入157mg(0.2mmol)双咪唑盐S3,22mg(0.15mmol)氧化亚铜(Cu2O),4mL乙腈,在70~80℃油浴中,搅拌反应24小时,以300目硅胶层过滤得到红色溶液,浓缩至3mL,加入15mL乙醚结晶得到红色粉末即为三核铜氮杂环卡宾化合物Cu-2,产率:81mg(50%)。1H NMR(400Hz,DMSO-d6):δ9.15(d,J=8.0Hz,4H),8.49(s,4H),8.28(d,J=8.4Hz,4H),8.02(s,4H),7.01-7.27(m,20H,Ph-H),6.52(d,J=5.6Hz,4H),4.03(s,8H,NCH2).用元素分析表征了配合物Cu-2的结构,其分子式为C64H48Cu3F18N12P3,其中C,47.70;H,3.07;N,10.69。理论值为C,47.72;H,3.00;N,10.44。
图2为铜卡宾化合物Cu-2阳离子部分的X-射线单晶衍射图。
实施例5三核铜氮杂环卡宾化合物Cu-3(C72H64Cu3F18N12P3)的制备
在50mL Schlenk瓶中加入168mg(0.2mmol)双咪唑盐S4,22mg(0.15mmol)氧化亚铜(Cu2O),4mL丙酮,在40~50℃油浴中,搅拌反应33小时,以300目硅胶层过滤得到红色溶液,浓缩至3mL,加入24mL乙醚结晶得到亮黄色粉末即为三核铜氮杂环卡宾化合物Cu-3,产率:154mg(90%)。1H NMR(400Hz,DMSO-d6):δ9.30(d,J=8.8Hz,4H),8.82(d,J=2.0Hz,4H),8.64(d,J=8.8Hz,4H),8.45(s,4H),7.69(d,J=2.0Hz,4H),5.87(s,8H,Mes-H),1.89(s,12H,CH3),1.17(s,24H,CH3).用元素分析表征了配合物Cu-3的结构,其分子式为C72H64Cu3F18N12P3,其中C,49.91;H,3.70;N,9.48。理论值为C,50.19;H,3.74;N,9.76。
图3为铜卡宾化合物Cu-3阳离子部分的X-射线单晶衍射图。
实施例6双核铜氮杂环卡宾化合物Cu-4(C72H64Cu4I4N12)的制备
在50mL Schlenk瓶中加入125mg(0.2mmol)双咪唑盐S2,29mg(0.2mmol)氧化亚铜(Cu2O),150mg(1.0mmol)碘化钠(NaI),4mL乙腈,在40~50℃油浴中,搅拌反应22小时,以300目硅胶层过滤得到深红色溶液,浓缩至3mL,加入20mL乙醚结晶得到深红色粉末即为双核铜氮杂环卡宾化合物Cu-4,产率:145mg(78%)。1H NMR(400Hz,DMSO-d6):δ9.33(d,J=8.8Hz,4H),8.83(d,J=1.2Hz,4H,NCHCHN),8.66(d,J=8.8Hz,4H),8.46(s,4H),7.70(d,J=1.2Hz,4H,NCHCHN),5.87(s,8H,Mes-H),1.89(s,12H,CH3),1.17(s,24H,CH3).用元素分析表征了配合物Cu-4的结构,其分子式为C72H64Cu4I4N12,其中C,46.75;H,3.42;N,9.27。理论值为C,46.51;H,3.47;N,9.04。
图4为铜卡宾化合物Cu-4阳离子部分的X-射线单晶衍射图。
实施例7三核铜氮杂环卡宾化合物Cu-5(C60H44Cu3F18N16P3)的制备
在50mL Schlenk瓶中加入158mg(0.2mmol)双咪唑盐S5,22mg(0.15mmol)氧化亚铜(Cu2O),4mL乙腈,在室温25℃下,搅拌反应5小时,以300目硅胶层过滤得到红色溶液,浓缩至3mL,加入9mL乙醚结晶得到红色粉末即为三核铜氮杂环卡宾化合物Cu-5,产率:34mg(21%)。1H NMR(400Hz,DMSO-d6):δ8.87(s,4H),8.29(s,4H),8.21(s,4H),8.07(s,4H),7.46-7.55(m,8H),7.10-7.20(m,4H),6.97(t,J=6.0Hz,4H),6.39(s,4H),4.26(s,8H,NCH2).用元素分析表征了配合物Cu-5的结构,其分子式为C60H44Cu3F18N16P3,其中C,44.77;H,2.72;N,13.85。理论值为C,44.63;H,2.75;N,13.88。
图5为铜卡宾化合物Cu-5阳离子部分的X-射线单晶衍射图。
实施例8四核铜氮杂环卡宾化合物Cu-6(C61H48Cu5I5N16)的制备
在50mL Schlenk瓶中加入114mg(0.2mmol)双咪唑盐S6,36mg(0.25mmol)氧化亚铜(Cu2O),4mL乙腈,在70~80℃油浴中,搅拌反应2小时,以300目硅胶层过滤得到红色溶液,浓缩至3mL,加入15mL二氧六环结晶得到红色粉末即为四核铜氮杂环卡宾化合物Cu-6,产率:30mg(15%)。用元素分析表征了配合物Cu-6的结构,其分子式为C61H48Cu5I5N16,其中C,37.31;H,2.53;N,11.58。理论值为C,37.43;H,2.47;N,11.45。
图6为铜卡宾化合物Cu-6阳离子部分的X-射线单晶衍射图。
实施例9四核铜氮杂环卡宾化合物Cu-7(C56H52Cu4F16N16B4)的制备
在50mL Schlenk瓶中加入114mg(0.2mmol)双咪唑盐S7,28mg(0.2mmol)氧化亚铜(Cu2O),4mL乙腈,在40~50℃油浴中,搅拌反应12小时,以300目硅胶层过滤得到紫色溶液,浓缩至3mL,加入15mL乙醚结晶得到紫色粉末即为四核铜氮杂环卡宾化合物Cu-7,产率:35mg(23%)。用元素分析表征了配合物Cu-7的结构,其分子式为C56H52Cu4F16N16B4,其中C,43.20;H,3.41;N,14.38。理论值为C,43.38;H,3.38;N,14.45。
实施例10双核铜氮杂环卡宾化合物Cu-8(C72H64Cl2Cu2N12)的制备
在50mL Schlenk瓶中加入125mg(0.2mmol)双咪唑盐S2,15mg(0.1mmol)氧化亚铜(Cu2O),6mL二氯甲烷,在30~40℃油浴中,搅拌反应8小时,以300目硅胶层过滤得到红棕色溶液,浓缩至3mL,加入30mL乙醚结晶得到红褐色粉末即为双核铜氮杂环卡宾化合物Cu-8,产率:54mg(41%)。用元素分析表征了配合物Cu-8的结构,其分子式为C72H64Cl2Cu2N12,其中C,66.57;H,5.04;N,12.90。理论值为C,66.76;H,4.98;N,12.98。
实施例11三核铜氮杂环卡宾化合物Cu-9(C136H108B3Cu3N12)的制备
在50mL Schlenk瓶中加入227mg(0.2mmol)双咪唑盐S8,22mg(0.15mmol)氧化亚铜(Cu2O),4mL N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,在50~60℃油浴中,搅拌反应15小时,以300目硅胶层过滤得到红色溶液,浓缩至3mL,加入15mL二氧六环结晶得到亮黄色粉末即为三核铜氮杂环卡宾化合物Cu-9,产率:45mg(27%)。用元素分析表征了配合物Cu-9的结构,其分子式为C136H108B3Cu3N12,其中C,76.70;H,5.18;N,7.79。理论值为C,76.56;H,5.10;N,7.88。
实施例12三核铜氮杂环卡宾化合物Cu-10(C64H48Br3Cu3N12)的制备
在50mL Schlenk瓶中加入131mg(0.2mmol)双咪唑盐S9,22mg(0.15mmol)氧化亚铜(Cu2O),4mL二氯甲烷,在室温25℃下,搅拌反应15小时,以300目硅胶层过滤得到红色溶液,浓缩至3mL,加入15mL乙醚结晶得到橘黄色粉末即为三核铜氮杂环卡宾化合物Cu-10,产率:81mg(57%)。用元素分析表征了配合物Cu-10的结构,其分子式为C64H48Br3Cu3N12,其中C,54.43;H,3.42;N,11.80。理论值为C,54.30;H,3.42;N,11.87。
应用例1铜卡宾化合物Cu-1催化叠氮化合物与炔化合物1,3-偶极环加成反应
在50mL Schlenk瓶中依次加入133mg(1.0mmol)苄基叠氮,113mg(1.1mmol)苯乙炔,4.4mg(0.0025mmol)铜卡宾化合物Cu-1,3mL乙腈,在室温下,搅拌反应4小时。反应完毕,加入10mL水,二氯甲烷萃取(10mL×3),合并有机相,无水硫酸镁干燥,减压浓缩滤液,以柱色谱分离得到产物230mg,产率99%。
比较例单核铜卡宾化合物[(IMes)CuCl]催化叠氮化合物与炔化合物1,3-偶极环加成反应
在50mL Schlenk瓶中依次加入133mg(1.0mmol)苄基叠氮,113mg(1.1mmol)苯乙炔,4.0mg(0.01mmol)铜卡宾化合物[(IMes)CuCl],3mL乙腈,在室温下,搅拌反应4小时。反应完毕,加入10mL水,二氯甲烷萃取(10mL×3),合并有机相,无水硫酸镁干燥,减压浓缩滤液,以柱色谱分离得到产物127mg,产率54%。
应用例2铜卡宾化合物Cu-3催化叠氮化合物与炔化合物1,3-偶极环加成反应
在50mL Schlenk瓶中依次加入189mg(1.0mmol)4-叔丁基苄基叠氮,113mg(1.1mmol)苯乙炔,8.7mg(0.005mmol)铜卡宾化合物Cu-3,3mL叔丁醇(tBuOH),在室温下,搅拌反应5小时。反应完毕,加入10mL水,二氯甲烷萃取(10mL×3),合并有机相,无水硫酸镁干燥,减压浓缩滤液,以柱色谱分离得到产物232mg,产率80%。
应用例3铜卡宾化合物Cu-6催化叠氮化合物与炔化合物1,3-偶极环加成反应
在50mL Schlenk瓶中依次加入178mg(1.0mmol)4-硝基苄基叠氮,113mg(1.1mmol)苯乙炔,10mg(0.005mmol)铜卡宾化合物Cu-6,3mL乙腈,在室温下,搅拌反应6小时。反应完毕,加入10mL水,二氯甲烷萃取(10mL×3),合并有机相,无水硫酸镁干燥,减压浓缩滤液,以柱色谱分离得到产物253mg,产率90%。
应用例4铜卡宾化合物Cu-6催化叠氮化合物与炔化合物1,3-偶极环加成反应
在50mL Schlenk瓶中依次加入134mg(1.0mmol)皮考基叠氮,113mg(1.1mmol)苯乙炔,10mg(0.005mmol)铜卡宾化合物Cu-6,3mL乙腈,在室温下,搅拌反应6小时。反应完毕,加入10mL水,二氯甲烷萃取(10mL×3),合并有机相,无水硫酸镁干燥,减压浓缩滤液,以柱色谱分离得到产物219mg,产率93%。
应用例5铜卡宾化合物Cu-6催化叠氮化合物与炔化合物1,3-偶极环加成反应
在50mL Schlenk瓶中依次加入198mg(1.0mmol)4-溴苯基叠氮,113mg(1.1mmol)苯乙炔,19mg(0.010mmol)铜卡宾化合物Cu-6,3mL乙腈,在室温下,搅拌反应5小时。反应完毕,加入10mL水,二氯甲烷萃取(10mL×3),合并有机相,无水硫酸镁干燥,减压浓缩滤液,以柱色谱分离得到产物264mg,产率88%。
应用例6铜卡宾化合物Cu-6催化叠氮化合物与炔化合物1,3-偶极环加成反应
在50mL Schlenk瓶中依次加入133mg(1.0mmol)苄基叠氮,128mg(1.1mmol)对甲基苯乙炔,10mg(0.005mmol)铜卡宾化合物Cu-6,3mL乙腈,在室温下,搅拌反应7小时。反应完毕,加入10mL水,二氯甲烷萃取(10mL×3),合并有机相,无水硫酸镁干燥,减压浓缩滤液,以柱色谱分离得到产物224mg,产率90%。
应用例7铜卡宾化合物Cu-6催化叠氮化合物与炔化合物1,3-偶极环加成反应
在50mL Schlenk瓶中依次加入133mg(1.0mmol)苄基叠氮,113mg(1.1mmol)吡啶乙炔,10mg(0.005mmol)铜卡宾化合物Cu-6,3mL乙腈,在室温下,搅拌反应5小时。反应完毕,加入10mL水,二氯甲烷萃取(10mL×3),合并有机相,无水硫酸镁干燥,减压浓缩滤液,以柱色谱分离得到产物201mg,产率0.85%。
应用例8铜卡宾化合物Cu-6催化叠氮化合物与炔化合物1,3-偶极环加成反应
在50mL Schlenk瓶中依次加入142mg(1.0mmol)碘甲烷,65mg(1.0mmol)叠氮化钠,113mg(1.1mmol)苯乙炔,10mg(0.005mmol)铜卡宾化合物Cu-6,3mL乙腈,0.5mL水,在室温下,搅拌反应5小时。反应完毕,加入10mL水,二氯甲烷萃取(10mL×3),合并有机相,无水硫酸镁干燥,减压浓缩滤液,以柱色谱分离得到产物110mg,产率70%。
Claims (4)
1.邻菲啰啉桥联多核铜氮杂环卡宾化合物,所述卡宾化合物具有如下组成[Cua(L)2Xa]·nY;a为2、3、4或5;L的结构式为:
R为烯丙基;
X为氯离子、溴离子、碘离子、四氟硼酸根、四苯基硼酸根或六氟磷酸根中的一种;Y为Cu配位溶剂分子,n为所述卡宾化合物中含有Y的数目,n为1、2、3和4中的任意一种,所述Y为乙腈。
2.权利要求1中所述的卡宾化合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
i)在有机溶剂中依次加入咪唑盐和氧化亚铜进行反应;
ii)反应后的混合液过滤,浓缩,重结晶得到所述卡宾化合物;
其中所述的咪唑盐结构式如下:
;
所述的有机溶剂为乙腈,或所述的有机溶剂为由乙腈和选自二氯甲烷、丙酮和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中的至少一种组成。
3.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征是步骤ii)重结晶采用的溶剂为醚。
4.权利要求1中所述卡宾化合物在催化叠氮化合物与炔化合物1,3-偶极环加成反应中的应用。
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