CN105084976A - Method for preparing agaricus bisporus cultivated specie by using wheat and mushroom dregs - Google Patents
Method for preparing agaricus bisporus cultivated specie by using wheat and mushroom dregs Download PDFInfo
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- CN105084976A CN105084976A CN201510418568.XA CN201510418568A CN105084976A CN 105084976 A CN105084976 A CN 105084976A CN 201510418568 A CN201510418568 A CN 201510418568A CN 105084976 A CN105084976 A CN 105084976A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing an agaricus bisporus cultivated specie by using wheat and mushroom dregs. The method comprises the following steps: 1) putting high quality wheat in 1-5% lime water to be soaked for 15-21 hours, wherein the water temperature is maintained at 20-25 DEG C; the standard that the kernels are properly soaked is as follows: the kernels are free of white cores, and the kernel skin is not cracked; when the kernels are thoroughly soaked by water, fishing out the kernels and draining off water; introducing steam to steam the kernels for 6-10 minutes, and after the kernels are substantially ripe, immediately pouring the kernels onto a clean ground, and spreading and slightly airing the kernels for later use; 2) uniformly mixing prepared flammulina velutipes mushroom dregs and the kernels in a proportion (dry weight) of 4-6 to 4-6, wherein the water content is 55-60%; directly bottling the kernels mixed with the material, naturally piling the mixed material in a bottle, and carrying out high pressure sterilization after bottling; and 3) inoculating an original agaricus bisporus cultivated specie into the raw material. The culture disclosed by the invention is relatively simple to prepare, less in pollution, strong in fungal activity and good in agaricus bisporus yield.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method utilizing wheat and bacterium slag to make cultivation of agaricus bisporus kind.
Background technology
Twospore Mushroom meat fertilizer is tender, tasty, is high protein, low-fat nutritive food, is that the widest worldwide of current cultivation and sphere of consumption is commercially produced and the edible mushrooms of whole world consumption.The artificial culture of Twospore Mushroom originates from France, mainly adopts industrial and annual to produce in developed countries such as America and Europes, and China produces to rely on natural climate seasonality, and Common Cultivation kind is for main raw material with cotton seed hulls, wheat, wood chip etc.
The weak point that above raw material and method make cultivation of agaricus bisporus kind is:
Namely pure kernel culture: nutrition is too abundant, careless slightlyly can pollute, and pollution rate is generally more than 10%; Wheat easily rises brokenly when autoclaving, and the rate that pollutes increases; Consume a large amount of grain.
Saw-dust: scrap wood material moisture retention is poor, the after planting easy desiccation of bacterial classification, lose sprouting ability; Mycelia vigor is poor, and bacterial classification is easily aging.
Cotton seed hull bacterial classification: cotton seed hull prewets to compare wastes time and energy, easily occurs prewetting insufficient, thus causes sterilizing not thorough; Cotton seed hull needs the fermentation of long period, if fermentation is not thorough, easily occurs mycelia not material feeding or poor growth; South cotton seed hull is in short supply, and price is high.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method utilizing wheat and bacterium slag to make cultivation of agaricus bisporus kind, to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art.
Technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
Utilize wheat and bacterium slag to make a method for cultivation of agaricus bisporus kind, comprise the steps:
1) good quality wheat is put into 1-5% liming and soak 15-21 hour, water temperature remains between 20 DEG C-25 DEG C; Wheat soaks suitable standard: wheat is without the white heart, and wheat skin does not burst; Soak after water until wheat, pull out and slightly drain away the water, pass into steam boiling 6-10 minute, after wheat is substantially well-done, immediately wheat is poured on clean ground, spread out slightly dry for subsequent use;
2) by ready needle mushroom dreg fermentation material and wheat proportionally (dry weight) 4-6:4-6 mix, water content is 55-60%; Directly bottle after mixing honest material, keep compound naturally to stack in bottle, install the laggard horizontal high voltage sterilizing of bottle; Wherein, needle mushroom dreg fermentation material making method is as follows:
Fill a prescription in mass ratio: fresh bacterium slag 55-65 part of factorial praluction needle mushroom, fresh cattle manure 25-35 part, rice straw powder 8-10 part %, calcium superphosphate 0.2-1.0 part, light calcium carbonate 0.1-0.8 part, water content 65-70%; By each raw material blending, build heap and carry out one time fermentation; Pile high 1.2-1.6 rice, pile wide 1.8-2.2 rice, heap is long not to be limit, fermentation time 10-15 days, period turning 2-3 time; After one time fermentation terminates, raw material is moved into mushroom room and carry out Secondary Fermentation, fermentation time is 5 days-8 days, is dried by material after fermentation ends, for subsequent use;
3) cultivar bottle to be moved between clean room after terminating and is cooled to less than 28 degree by sterilizing, aseptically accesses original seed, cultivates afterwards under 22-24 degree condition, walks full bottle to mycelia.
In the preferred embodiment, step 2) cultivar main raw material is that wheat and needle mushroom dreg fermentation material are allocated according to the ratio of mass ratio 4:6 and formed.
In the preferred embodiment, step 2) autoclave temperature 123 DEG C, sterilization time 2.5 hours.
In the preferred embodiment, step 2) one time fermentation temperature is 55 DEG C-72 DEG C.
In the preferred embodiment, step 2) Secondary Fermentation temperature is 48 DEG C-63 DEG C.
In the preferred embodiment, step 3) bisporous mushroom mushroom original seed is inoculated in cultivar culturing bottle, and its inoculum size is 2-4%, growth temperature range 22-24 degree, bacteria room temperature in early stage controls at 24 degree, controls room temperature about 22 degree, guarantee that in bottle, material temperature is no more than 24 degree after one week; Can deposit under 15 degree of conditions after covering with bottle and still keep spawn activity in about 45 days.The cultivar that this kind of method makes, mycelial growth rate 2-3 days faster than the kernel culture of routine, mycelia is more vigorous, dense, pure white; The bacterial classification made has higher success rate, and pollution rate is generally below 0.3%; Under equal conditions, the culture presevation time that the method makes was than long more than one week of the preservation times such as conventional kernel culture.After planting seldom occur that green mold pollutes, fruiting is effective.
Embodiment
The fresh bacterium slag of the factorial praluction needle mushroom that following examples use, water content 50.30% after testing, ammonia content 0.10%, nitrogen content 1.58%, carbon content 39.55%, ash content 12.11%, pH5.83, C/N is than 25.23.The needle mushroom compost formula of this factory is: corn cob 38.2%, cotton seed hulls 7.7%, beet 6.1%, rice bran 36.7%, wheat bran 9.2%, shell ash 2.1%.Embodiment 1
Good quality wheat is put into 1.5% liming to soak 18 hours, water temperature remains between 20 DEG C-25 DEG C.Wheat soaks suitable standard: wheat is without the white heart, and wheat skin does not burst.Soak after water until wheat, pull out and slightly drain away the water, put into the gasoline can that special repacking makes and pass into steam boiling 8 minutes, after wheat is substantially well-done, immediately wheat is poured on clean ground, spread out slightly dry for subsequent use.After ready needle mushroom dreg fermentation material and a small amount of gypsum, potassium primary phosphate (mass ratio is respectively 0.4%) damping; admix the wheat dried; needle mushroom slag fermentation material and wheat blending ratio (dry weight) are 6:4, and water content is 57%.Can directly bottle after mixing honest material, keep compound in bottle naturally stack get final product need not compacting again.Autoclaving is carried out as early as possible, sterilising temp 123 DEG C, sterilization time 2.5 hours after installing bottle.
Needle mushroom dreg fermentation material making method: 1) fill a prescription (mass ratio): the fresh bacterium slag 60% of factorial praluction needle mushroom, fresh cattle manure 30%, rice straw powder 9%, calcium superphosphate 0.6%, light calcium carbonate 0.4%, water content 68%; 2) by each raw material blending, build heap and carry out one time fermentation.Pile high 1.4 meters, pile wide 2 meters, heap is long not to be limit, fermentation time 12 days, period turning 2 times; 3) raw material is moved into mushroom room after terminating and is carried out conventional Secondary Fermentation by one time fermentation, is dried by material as early as possible after fermentation ends, for subsequent use.
After sterilizing terminates, cultivar bottle is moved between clean room and be cooled to less than 28 degree, aseptically access the original seed of 3%, cultivate under 22-24 degree condition afterwards, within about 25 days, cultivar bottle can be covered with, mycelial growth is vigorous, dense, pure white, bacterial classification mycelium length 4.2mm/d.Can deposit under 15 degree of conditions after covering with bottle and still keep spawn activity in about 45 days.
Comparative example
Conventional kernel culture makes, and its raw material is wheat, terra alba, and concrete making method is: 1) soak wheat: soak wheat 24h with 1% liming; 2) pick up wheat, pour in water bath after rinsing both sides and boil about 10min, reach thoroughly well cooked but not mushy standard; 3) pick up wheat, be placed on clean ground, spread out and dry, removing excessive moisture; 4) gypsum is evenly sprinkled upon wheat surface, mixes thoroughly, can bottle, sterilizing, inoculation.
Conventional kernel culture mycelium length 3.9mm/d, cotton seed hull bacterial classification mycelium length 3.6mm/d, Saw-dust mycelium length 2.9mm/d, bacterial classification mycelium length of the present invention is 4.3mm/d.Compared with the bacterial classification that first three kind raw material is produced, the mycelium length of bacterial classification of the present invention and growing way want better, and after planting seldom occur that green mold pollutes, fruiting is effective.
Embodiment 2
Good quality wheat is put into 1.5% liming to soak 15 hours, water temperature remains between 20 DEG C-25 DEG C.Wheat soaks suitable standard: wheat is without the white heart, and wheat skin does not burst.Soak after water until wheat, pull out and slightly drain away the water, put into the gasoline can that special repacking makes and pass into steam boiling 8 minutes, after wheat is substantially well-done, immediately wheat is poured on clean ground, spread out slightly dry for subsequent use.After the damping of ready needle mushroom dreg fermentation material, admix the wheat dried, needle mushroom slag fermentation material and wheat blending ratio (dry weight) are 5:5, and water content is 55%.Can directly bottle after mixing honest material, keep compound in bottle naturally stack get final product need not compacting again.Autoclaving is carried out as early as possible, sterilising temp 123 DEG C, sterilization time 2.5 hours after installing bottle.
Needle mushroom dreg fermentation material making method: 1) fill a prescription (mass ratio): the fresh bacterium slag 60% of factorial praluction needle mushroom, fresh cattle manure 30%, rice straw powder 9%, calcium superphosphate 0.6%, light calcium carbonate 0.4%, water content 68%; 2) by each raw material blending, build heap and carry out one time fermentation.Pile high 1.4 meters, pile wide 2 meters, heap is long not to be limit, fermentation time 12 days, period turning 2 times; 3) raw material is moved into mushroom room after terminating and is carried out conventional Secondary Fermentation by one time fermentation, is dried by material as early as possible after fermentation ends, for subsequent use.
Moved between clean room by cultivar bottle after sterilizing terminates and be cooled to less than 28 degree, aseptically access the original seed of 3%, cultivate under 22-24 degree condition afterwards, mycelial growth is vigorous, dense, pure white, within about 25 days, can cover with cultivar bottle, pollution rate 0.2%.
Embodiment 3
Good quality wheat is put into 1.5% liming to soak 21 hours, water temperature remains between 20 DEG C-25 DEG C.Wheat soaks suitable standard: wheat is without the white heart, and wheat skin does not burst.Soak after water until wheat, pull out and slightly drain away the water, put into the gasoline can that special repacking makes and pass into steam boiling 7 minutes, after wheat is substantially well-done, immediately wheat is poured on clean ground, spread out slightly dry for subsequent use.After the damping of ready needle mushroom dreg fermentation material, admix the wheat dried, needle mushroom slag fermentation material and wheat blending ratio (dry weight) are 4:6, and water content is 54%.Can directly bottle after mixing honest material, keep compound in bottle naturally stack get final product need not compacting again.Autoclaving is carried out as early as possible, sterilising temp 123 DEG C, sterilization time 2.8 hours after installing bottle.
Needle mushroom dreg fermentation material making method: 1) fill a prescription (mass ratio): the fresh bacterium slag 60% of factorial praluction needle mushroom, fresh cattle manure 30%, rice straw powder 9%, calcium superphosphate 0.6%, light calcium carbonate 0.4%, water content 68%; 2) by each raw material blending, build heap and carry out one time fermentation.Pile high 1.4 meters, pile wide 2 meters, heap is long not to be limit, fermentation time 12 days, period turning 2 times; 3) raw material is moved into mushroom room after terminating and is carried out conventional Secondary Fermentation by one time fermentation, is dried by material as early as possible after fermentation ends, for subsequent use.
Moved between clean room by cultivar bottle after sterilizing terminates and be cooled to less than 28 degree, aseptically access the original seed of 3%, cultivate under 22-24 degree condition afterwards, mycelial growth is vigorous, dense, pure white, within about 25 days, can cover with cultivar bottle, pollution rate 0.28%.
Claims (5)
1. utilize wheat and bacterium slag to make a method for cultivation of agaricus bisporus kind, comprise the steps:
1) good quality wheat is put into 1-5% liming and soak 15-21 hour, water temperature remains between 20 DEG C-25 DEG C; Wheat soaks suitable standard: wheat is without the white heart, and wheat skin does not burst; Soak after water until wheat, pull out and slightly drain away the water, pass into steam boiling 6-10 minute, after wheat is substantially well-done, immediately wheat is poured on clean ground, spread out slightly dry for subsequent use;
2) mixed according to 4-6:4-6 ratio (dry weight) with wheat by ready needle mushroom dreg fermentation material, water content is 55-60%; Directly bottle after mixing honest material, keep compound naturally to stack in bottle, install the laggard horizontal high voltage sterilizing of bottle; Wherein, needle mushroom dreg fermentation material making method is as follows:
Fill a prescription in mass ratio: fresh bacterium slag 55-65 part of factorial praluction needle mushroom, fresh cattle manure 25-35 part, rice straw powder 8-10 part, calcium superphosphate 0.2-1.0 part, light calcium carbonate 0.1-0.8 part, total water content 65-70%; By each raw material blending, build heap and carry out one time fermentation; Pile high 1.2-1.6 rice, pile wide 1.8-2.2 rice, heap is long not to be limit, fermentation time 10-15 days, period turning 2-3 time; After one time fermentation terminates, raw material is moved into mushroom room and carry out Secondary Fermentation, fermentation time is 5 days-8 days, is dried by material after fermentation ends, for subsequent use;
3) cultivar bottle to be moved between clean room after terminating and is cooled to less than 28 degree by sterilizing, aseptically accesses original seed, cultivates afterwards under 22-24 degree condition, walks full bottle to mycelia.
2. a kind of method utilizing wheat and bacterium slag to make cultivation of agaricus bisporus kind as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: step 2) autoclave temperature 123 DEG C, sterilization time 2.5 hours.
3. a kind of method utilizing wheat and bacterium slag to make cultivation of agaricus bisporus kind as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: step 2) one time fermentation temperature is 55 DEG C-72 DEG C.
4. a kind of method utilizing wheat and bacterium slag to make cultivation of agaricus bisporus kind as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: step 2) Secondary Fermentation temperature be 48 DEG C-63 DEG C.
5. a kind of method utilizing wheat and bacterium slag to make cultivation of agaricus bisporus kind as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: step 3) bisporous mushroom mushroom original seed is inoculated in cultivar culturing bottle, and its inoculum size is 2-4%.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN105461460A (en) * | 2016-01-04 | 2016-04-06 | 山东恒发食用菌有限公司 | Preparing technology for agaricus bisporus culture medium |
| CN105837290A (en) * | 2016-04-15 | 2016-08-10 | 淮南市绿威食用菌种植专业合作社 | Method for preparing agaricus bisporus cultivated species by utilizing sugar cane stalks and mushroom dreg |
| CN105884464A (en) * | 2016-06-12 | 2016-08-24 | 习水县龙洋生态食品开发有限公司 | Edible fungus cultivation matrix and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN108293595A (en) * | 2017-10-21 | 2018-07-20 | 长沙爱扬医药科技有限公司 | Utilize the method for the cultivating bisporous mushroom of ginkgo waste |
| CN108782006A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-11-13 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | The artificial domesticating cultivation method of the Keshen Ba Er mushroom |
| CN108967050A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-12-11 | 临沂瑞泽生物科技股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of agaricus bisporus strain |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105461460A (en) * | 2016-01-04 | 2016-04-06 | 山东恒发食用菌有限公司 | Preparing technology for agaricus bisporus culture medium |
| CN105837290A (en) * | 2016-04-15 | 2016-08-10 | 淮南市绿威食用菌种植专业合作社 | Method for preparing agaricus bisporus cultivated species by utilizing sugar cane stalks and mushroom dreg |
| CN105884464A (en) * | 2016-06-12 | 2016-08-24 | 习水县龙洋生态食品开发有限公司 | Edible fungus cultivation matrix and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN108293595A (en) * | 2017-10-21 | 2018-07-20 | 长沙爱扬医药科技有限公司 | Utilize the method for the cultivating bisporous mushroom of ginkgo waste |
| CN108782006A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-11-13 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | The artificial domesticating cultivation method of the Keshen Ba Er mushroom |
| CN108967050A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-12-11 | 临沂瑞泽生物科技股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of agaricus bisporus strain |
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Application publication date: 20151125 |