CN105081597A - Brazing filler metal for brazing W-Cu composite and Fe-based alloy, method and brazing technique - Google Patents
Brazing filler metal for brazing W-Cu composite and Fe-based alloy, method and brazing technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN105081597A CN105081597A CN201510609776.8A CN201510609776A CN105081597A CN 105081597 A CN105081597 A CN 105081597A CN 201510609776 A CN201510609776 A CN 201510609776A CN 105081597 A CN105081597 A CN 105081597A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0222—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in soldering, brazing
- B23K35/0233—Sheets, foils
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/008—Soldering within a furnace
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/19—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering taking account of the properties of the materials to be soldered
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/20—Preliminary treatment of work or areas to be soldered, e.g. in respect of a galvanic coating
- B23K1/206—Cleaning
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/302—Cu as the principal constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/16—Composite materials, e.g. fibre reinforced
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Abstract
The invention discloses brazing filler metal for brazing a W-Cu composite and Fe-based alloy, a method and a brazing technique. The brazing filler metal is in a foil piece strip shape. The thickness of the brazing filler metal ranges from 50 micrometers to 100 micrometers. The brazing filler metal comprises, by weight, 6.0%-9.0% of Mn, 3.5%-5% of Co, 0.3%-1.7% of Ni, 2.0%-5.0% of Zr, 1.2%-2.8% of Ti, and the balance Cu. The brazing temperature of the brazing filler metal ranges from 1000 DEG C to 1050 DEG C, the melting temperature of the brazing filler metal is moderate, and the brazing filler metal is uniformly melted; diffusion and the interface reaction of alloy elements in the brazed connection process can be promoted through a brazing filler metal foil piece, and the wetting and spreading capacity of the brazing filler metal on the surfaces of the W-Cu composite and the Fe-based sintered alloy is improved; crystal particles are refined, residual stress is reduced, and the mechanical performance of joints is improved; the brazing technique for connecting the W-Cu composite and the Fe-based sintered alloy through the brazing filler metal is stable and reliable, vacuum brazed connection is used, a component is in a vacuum state in the heating process, the whole component does not deform, the defects such as microscopic cracks, air holes and inclusions are avoided, and the wetting and spreading capacity of the surface of the brazing filler metal is good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of solder for soldering W-Cu composite and Fe base alloy and method and soldering processes, belong to dissimilar materials welding technology field.
Background technology
W-Cu composite combines the plurality of advantages of W and Cu, has high strength, hardness, good electrical and thermal conductivity performance, low thermal coefficient of expansion, the advantages such as good resistance to arc erosion, high-temperature oxidation, resistance fusion welding and dimensional stability.Be widely used in Aero-Space, auto industry, machinery, the energy, electronics and military and national defense field.W-Cu composite not only as high temperature resistant connector, heat radiation substrate, heat sink material and contact material, also as the high-temperature component such as larynx lining, nozzle, jet vane of rocket, guided missile jet pipe.Fe base powder alloy has excellent obdurability, hardness, anti-wear performance, and has good high temperature stability performance, applies to important industrial circle equally.In order to play the superior function of W-Cu composite and Fe base powder alloy further, make up its weak tendency defect; W-Cu composite and Fe base powder alloy connect into composite members, both can give full play to the excellent characteristic of W-Cu composite, can represent again the excellent properties of Fe base powder alloy, improve the overall performance of connecting elements, have great practical value.
When W-Cu composite is connected with Fe base powder alloy, because of the difference of physical and chemical performance, easily there is the phenomenon such as seam district coarse grains, tissue embrittlement, residual stress, cause joint breaking to be inclined to and increase.Weld metal mechanical property reduces, and has a strong impact on the serviceability of switching performance between the two and integrated member; In addition, W-Cu composite is comparatively large to gaseous impurity sensitiveness, and easily occurs brittle thing phase and micropore, has a strong impact on air-tightness and the bearing capacity of joint.The problems such as therefore, when W-Cu composite welds with Fe base powder alloy, changes in microstructure, gaseous impurity pollute, stress is concentrated cause jointing performance failure, are that W-Cu composite welds with Fe base powder alloy the subject matter faced.
For W-Cu composite is connected with different alloys material, particularly vacuum brazing method adaptability is better in soldering.Find a kind of function admirable and the high packing material of cost performance, formulating rational welding procedure is the key realizing W-Cu composite and Fe base powder alloy dissimilar material joining.At present, the relevant report of W-Cu composite and Fe base powder alloy interconnection technique is not yet seen.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of solder for soldering W-Cu composite and Fe base alloy and method and soldering processes, and brazing filler metal melts moderate temperature, brazing filler metal melts is even, improves the mechanical property of joint.
Technical scheme: for solving the problems of the technologies described above, a kind of solder for soldering W-Cu composite and Fe base powder alloy of the present invention, selected solder is that paillon foil is banded, thickness is 50 ~ 100 μm, and solder elemental composition by weight percentage comprises: Mn6.0% ~ 9.0%, Co3.5% ~ 5%, Ni0.3% ~ 1.7%, Zr2.0% ~ 5.0%, Ti1.2% ~ 2.8%, surplus is Cu.
As preferably, described solder elemental composition by weight percentage comprises: Mn7.0% ~ 9.0%, Co3.5% ~ 4.5%, Ni0.5% ~ 1.5%, Zr2.5% ~ 4.5%, Ti1.5% ~ 2.5%, and surplus is Cu.
As preferably, described solder elemental composition by weight percentage comprises: Mn8.0%, Co4.0%, Ni1.0%, Zr3.5%, Ti2.0%, and all the other are Cu.
A preparation method for the above-mentioned solder for soldering W-Cu composite and Fe base powder alloy, comprises the following steps:
1) take highly purified Mn sheet, Co particle, Ni particle, Zr particle, Ti particle and Cu particle by mass percentage and obtain mixture, put into the container being added with acetone, at the temperature of 18-23 DEG C, carry out ultrasonic cleaning 15 ~ 20min;
2) mixture after step (1) ultrasonic cleaning is dried at the temperature of 30 ~ 50 DEG C, obtain dry mixture;
3) by the uniform solder foundry alloy of method prepared composition of the mixture M n of step (2), Co, Ni, Zr, Ti and Cu employing vacuum induction melting, after the foundry alloy prepared is pulverized, load in the quartz glass tube of high vacuum single roller strip machine;
4) quartz glass tube is installed in gets rid of in the electrical induction circle of band machine, and its nozzle is adjusted to 150 ~ 200 μm to copper roller surface spacing;
5) close fire door, adopt mechanical pump to be evacuated to 1.5 × 10
-3pa, then adopt molecular pump pumping high vacuum, condition of high vacuum degree is not less than 9 × 10
-5pa, then cavity is full of high-purity Ar gas to 200 ~ 230mbar;
6) open motor, make copper roller rotating speed u
sin the scope of 28 ~ 33m/s, then open high frequency electric source, after the foundry alloy high-frequency induction heating in quartz glass tube to complete molten homogeneous, insulation superheated melt 60s ~ 80s;
7) by Ar gas air pressure modulation P=30 ~ 60KPa, with high pressure argon gas, the superheated melt continuous spraying in quartz glass is mapped to the cooling copper roller surface of High Rotation Speed, liquid metal is subject to chilling and forms foil shape, thus obtains solder foil strip, and thickness is 50 ~ 100 μm.
As preferably, in described step (3), quartz glass tube nozzle is rectangle, and its length is 8 ~ 10mm, and width is 0.8 ~ 1.2mm.
As preferably, in described step (6), copper roller diameter is 250mm, and copper roller width is 50mm.
Soldering processes for the above-mentioned solder for soldering W-Cu composite and Fe base powder alloy, comprise the following steps:
(1) preparatory stage: W-Cu composite to be brazed and Fe base powder alloy sample end face are cleared up, impurity, greasy dirt and oxide-film that removing is surperficial, W28 ~ W7 abrasive paper for metallograph is utilized to carry out grinding smooth, W-Cu composite, Fe base powder alloy and solder paillon foil are placed in acetone together, adopt Ultrasonic Cleaning 15 ~ 20min, and carry out drying and processing;
(2) assembling stage: the solder paillon foil after cleaning is placed between Fe base powder alloy and W-Cu composite welding surface, and be close to and be assemblied in special brazing jig, guarantee the precision connected, fixture is placed the pressure head of nominal-mass, produces the constant perpendicular pressure of 0.04 ~ 0.06MPa;
(3) the brazing stage: the fixture entirety assembled is placed in vacuum and is not less than 1.5 × 10
-3in the brazing equipment of Pa, first with ramp to 300 ~ 350 DEG C of 6 ~ 10 DEG C/min, insulation 15 ~ 20min, again with ramp to 700 ~ 750 DEG C of 4 ~ 6 DEG C/min, temperature retention time 15 ~ 20min, continue to be warming up to brazing temperature 1000 ~ 1050 DEG C with the speed of 6 ~ 10 DEG C/min again, temperature retention time 20 ~ 45min, 750 ~ 800 DEG C are cooled to again with the speed of 3 ~ 5 DEG C/min, temperature retention time 10 ~ 15min, finally be cooled to 450 ~ 500 DEG C with the speed of 5 ~ 7 DEG C/min, cool to room temperature with the furnace, welded connector is taken out in blow-on.
In the present invention, add the fusion temperature reducing solder that a certain amount of Mn element is suitable, facilitate the formation of soldered fitting solid solution; Add the high-temperature behavior that appropriate Zr is conducive to solder crystal grain thinning and improves solder; The interpolation of Co and Ni improves non-oxidizability and the corrosion resistance of this solder; Appropriate Ti is conducive to crystal grain thinning, improves the intensity of brazing filler metal alloy; A large amount of Cu elements is conducive to the plasticity and the intensity that improve solder alloy simultaneously, promotes the solid solution metallurgical reaction of soldering and W-Cu composite and Fe base powder alloy, improves the combination property of soldered fitting.
Beneficial effect: compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) brazing temperature of solder of the present invention is at 1000 DEG C ~ 1050 DEG C, brazing filler metal melts moderate temperature, and brazing filler metal melts is even; Solder paillon foil is used to be conducive to promoting diffusion and the interfacial reaction of alloying element in brazing process, improve the wetting and spreading ability of solder on W-Cu composite and Fe base powder alloy surface, crystal grain thinning and reduction residual stress, improve the mechanical property of joint;
(2) adopt the soldering processes of solder of the present invention connection W-Cu composite and Fe base powder alloy reliable and stable, vacuum brazing is utilized to connect, component is in vacuum state in heating process, whole component is without distortion, and without microfissure, pore with the defect such as to be mingled with, its moistened surface is sprawled better, abundant filling brazed seam, improve the bulk strength of joint, and have good plastic deformation ability, thus can obtain more reliable and stable jointing;
(3) solder of the present invention connects W-Cu composite and Fe base powder alloy, solder and matrix mother metal fully form solid solution metallurgical reaction, tissue particle, solder of the present invention is made to have excellent normal temperature and high-temperature behavior, the W-Cu composite obtained and the jointing of Fe base powder alloy stable and reliable for performance, expand the application of W-Cu composite and dissimilar material joining;
(4) the solder preparation method that obtains of the present invention and soldering processes simple, implement convenient and swift, the preparation of solder and soldering processes can repetitions, and Process of Vacuum Brazing need not add brazing flux and safeguard measure, is convenient to propagation and employment widely.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
(W weight accounts for 55% to W-Cu composite, Cu weight accounts for 45%) and Fe base powder alloy (Co10.5%, C2.3%, Cr4.0%, Mo7.0%, W6.5%, V6.5%, surplus is Fe) banjo fixing butt jointing vacuum brazing: W-Cu composite and Fe base powder alloy specimen size are 20mm × 20mm × 6mm, and to be brazed is 20mm × 6mm cross section.
Composition and the mass percent proportioning of solder are: Mn7.0%, Co4.5%, Ni0.5%, Zr4.5%, Ti1.5%, and surplus is Cu.Solder thickness is 100 μm.
The preparation method of the above-mentioned solder for soldering W-Cu composite and Fe base powder alloy, comprises the following steps:
1) take highly purified 70gMn sheet, 45gCo particle, 5gNi particle, 45gAg particle, 15Ti particle and 820gCu particle by mass percentage and obtain mixture, put into the container being added with acetone, at the temperature of about 20 DEG C, carry out ultrasonic cleaning 20min;
2) mixture after step (1) ultrasonic cleaning is dried at the temperature of 30 ~ 50 DEG C, obtain dry mixture;
3) by the uniform solder foundry alloy of method prepared composition of mixture M n, Co, Ni, Zr, Ti and Cu employing vacuum induction melting, after the foundry alloy prepared is pulverized, load in the quartz glass tube of high vacuum single roller strip machine;
4) quartz glass tube is installed in gets rid of in the electrical induction circle of band machine, and its nozzle is adjusted to 150 μm to copper roller surface spacing;
5) close fire door, adopt mechanical pump to be evacuated to 1.5 × 10
-3pa, then adopt molecular pump pumping high vacuum, condition of high vacuum degree is not less than 9 × 10
-5pa, then cavity is full of high-purity Ar gas to 220 ~ 250mbar;
6) open motor, make copper roller rotating speed u
sin the scope of 28m/s, then open high frequency electric source, after the foundry alloy high-frequency induction heating in quartz glass tube to complete molten homogeneous, insulation superheated melt 60 ~ 80s;
7) by Ar gas air pressure modulation P=30 ~ 60KPa, with high pressure argon gas, the superheated melt continuous spraying in quartz glass is mapped to the cooling copper roller surface of High Rotation Speed, liquid metal is subject to chilling and forms foil shape, thus obtains solder foil strip, and thickness is 90 μm.
Soldering process step is:
(1) preparatory stage: W-Cu composite to be brazed and Fe base powder alloy sample end face are cleared up, impurity, greasy dirt and oxide-film that removing is surperficial, W28 ~ W7 abrasive paper for metallograph is utilized to carry out grinding smooth, W-Cu composite, Fe base powder alloy and solder paillon foil are placed in acetone together, adopt Ultrasonic Cleaning 20min, and carry out drying and processing;
(2) assembling stage: the solder paillon foil after cleaning is placed between Fe base powder alloy and W-Cu composite welding surface, and be close to and be assemblied in special brazing jig, guarantee the precision connected, fixture is placed the pressure head of nominal-mass, produce the constant perpendicular pressure of 0.06MPa;
(3) the brazing stage: the fixture entirety assembled is placed in vacuum and is not less than 1.5 × 10
-3in the brazing equipment of Pa, first with the ramp to 300 DEG C of 10 DEG C/min, insulation 20min, then continue to be warming up to 750 DEG C with the speed of 4 DEG C/min, temperature retention time 15min, continue to be warming up to brazing temperature 1000 DEG C, temperature retention time 45min with the speed of 10 DEG C/min again, then be cooled to 800 DEG C with the speed of 3 DEG C/min, temperature retention time 10min, finally be cooled to 450 DEG C with the speed of 7 DEG C/min, cool to room temperature with the furnace, welded connector is taken out in blow-on.
Result: the W-Cu composite that soldering obtains and Fe base powder alloy joint are formed well, metallographic observation finds that brazing area forms fine and close interface cohesion, and alloying component is evenly distributed, and room temperature four-point bending intensity is 676MPa.
Embodiment 2:
(W weight accounts for 55% to W-Cu composite, Cu weight accounts for 45%) and Fe base powder alloy (Co10.5%, C2.3%, Cr4.0%, Mo7.0%, W6.5%, V6.5%, surplus is Fe) banjo fixing butt jointing vacuum brazing: W-Cu composite and Fe base powder alloy specimen size are 20mm × 20mm × 6mm, and to be brazed is 20mm × 6mm cross section.
Composition and the mass percent proportioning of solder are: Mn8.0%, Co4.0%, Ni1.0%, Zr3.5%, Ti2.0%, and surplus is Cu.According to the preparation method in embodiment 1, the solder thickness of preparation is 80 μm.
Soldering process step is:
(1) preparatory stage: W-Cu composite to be brazed and Fe base powder alloy sample end face are cleared up, impurity, greasy dirt and oxide-film that removing is surperficial, W28 ~ W7 abrasive paper for metallograph is utilized to carry out grinding smooth, W-Cu composite, Fe base powder alloy and solder paillon foil are placed in acetone together, adopt Ultrasonic Cleaning 20min, and carry out drying and processing;
(2) assembling stage: the solder paillon foil after cleaning is placed between Fe base powder alloy and W-Cu composite welding surface, and be close to and be assemblied in special brazing jig, guarantee the precision connected, fixture is placed the pressure head of nominal-mass, produce the constant perpendicular pressure of 0.05MPa;
(3) the brazing stage: the fixture entirety assembled is placed in vacuum and is not less than 1.5 × 10
-3in the brazing equipment of Pa, first with the ramp to 300 DEG C of 8 DEG C/min, insulation 20min, then continue to be warming up to 700 DEG C with the speed of 5 DEG C/min, temperature retention time 15min, continue to be warming up to brazing temperature 1050 DEG C, temperature retention time 30min with the speed of 8 DEG C/min again, then be cooled to 800 DEG C with the speed of 4 DEG C/min, temperature retention time 10min, finally be cooled to 450 DEG C with the speed of 6 DEG C/min, cool to room temperature with the furnace, welded connector is taken out in blow-on.
Result: the W-Cu composite that soldering obtains and Fe base powder alloy joint are formed well, metallographic observation finds that brazing area forms fine and close interface cohesion, and alloying component is evenly distributed, and room temperature four-point bending intensity is 691MPa.
Embodiment 3:
W-Cu composite (W55Cu45, wt%) with Fe base powder alloy (Co10.5%, C2.3%, Cr4.0%, Mo7.0%, W6.5%, V6.5%, surplus is Fe) banjo fixing butt jointing vacuum brazing: W-Cu composite and Fe base powder alloy specimen size are 20mm × 20mm × 6mm, and to be brazed is 20mm × 6mm cross section.
Composition and the mass percent proportioning of solder are: composition and the mass percent proportioning of solder are: Mn9.0%, Co3.5%, Ni1.5%, Zr2.5%, Ti2.5%, and surplus is Cu.According to the preparation method in embodiment 1, the solder thickness of preparation is 50 μm.
Soldering process step is:
(1) preparatory stage: W-Cu composite to be brazed and Fe base powder alloy sample end face are cleared up, impurity, greasy dirt and oxide-film that removing is surperficial, W28 ~ W7 abrasive paper for metallograph is utilized to carry out grinding smooth, W-Cu composite, Fe base powder alloy and solder paillon foil are placed in acetone together, adopt Ultrasonic Cleaning 20min, and carry out drying and processing;
(2) assembling stage: the solder paillon foil after cleaning is placed between Fe base powder alloy and W-Cu composite welding surface, and be close to and be assemblied in special brazing jig, guarantee the precision connected, fixture is placed the pressure head of nominal-mass, produce the constant perpendicular pressure of 0.04MPa;
(3) the brazing stage: the fixture entirety assembled is placed in vacuum and is not less than 1.5 × 10
-3in the brazing equipment of Pa, first with the ramp to 350 DEG C of 6 DEG C/min, insulation 15min, then continue to be warming up to 700 DEG C with the speed of 6 DEG C/min, temperature retention time 20min, continue to be warming up to brazing temperature 1030 DEG C, temperature retention time 20min with the speed of 6 DEG C/min again, then be cooled to 750 DEG C with the speed of 5 DEG C/min, temperature retention time 15min, finally be cooled to 500 DEG C with the speed of 5 DEG C/min, cool to room temperature with the furnace, welded connector is taken out in blow-on.
Result: the W-Cu composite that soldering obtains and Fe base powder alloy joint are formed well, metallographic observation finds that brazing area forms fine and close interface cohesion, and alloying component is evenly distributed, and room temperature four-point bending intensity is 665MPa.
Embodiment 4:
W-Cu composite (W55Cu45, wt%) with Fe base powder alloy (Co10.5%, C2.3%, Cr4.0%, Mo7.0%, W6.5%, V6.5%, surplus is Fe) banjo fixing butt jointing vacuum brazing: W-Cu composite and Fe base powder alloy specimen size are 20mm × 20mm × 6mm, and to be brazed is 20mm × 6mm cross section.
Composition and the mass percent proportioning of solder are: composition and the mass percent proportioning of solder are: Mn6.0%, Co3.5%, Ni0.3%, Zr2.0%, Ti1.2%, and surplus is Cu.According to the preparation method in embodiment 1, the solder thickness of preparation is 100 μm.
Soldering process step is:
(1) preparatory stage: W-Cu composite to be brazed and Fe base powder alloy sample end face are cleared up, impurity, greasy dirt and oxide-film that removing is surperficial, W28 ~ W7 abrasive paper for metallograph is utilized to carry out grinding smooth, W-Cu composite, Fe base powder alloy and solder paillon foil are placed in acetone together, adopt Ultrasonic Cleaning 20min, and carry out drying and processing;
(2) assembling stage: the solder paillon foil after cleaning is placed between Fe base powder alloy and W-Cu composite welding surface, and be close to and be assemblied in special brazing jig, guarantee the precision connected, fixture is placed the pressure head of nominal-mass, produce the constant perpendicular pressure of 0.04MPa;
(3) the brazing stage: the fixture entirety assembled is placed in vacuum and is not less than 1.5 × 10
-3in the brazing equipment of Pa, first with the ramp to 300 DEG C of 10 DEG C/min, insulation 20min, then continue to be warming up to 750 DEG C with the speed of 4 DEG C/min, temperature retention time 15min, continue to be warming up to brazing temperature 1000 DEG C, temperature retention time 45min with the speed of 10 DEG C/min again, then be cooled to 800 DEG C with the speed of 3 DEG C/min, temperature retention time 10min, finally be cooled to 450 DEG C with the speed of 7 DEG C/min, cool to room temperature with the furnace, welded connector is taken out in blow-on.
Result: the W-Cu composite that soldering obtains and Fe base powder alloy joint are formed well, metallographic observation finds that brazing area forms fine and close interface cohesion, and alloying component is evenly distributed, and room temperature four-point bending intensity is 682MPa.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; be noted that for those skilled in the art; under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the solder for soldering W-Cu composite and Fe base powder alloy, it is characterized in that: selected solder is that paillon foil is banded, thickness is 50 ~ 100 μm, solder elemental composition by weight percentage comprises: Mn6.0% ~ 9.0%, Co3.5% ~ 5%, Ni0.3% ~ 1.7%, Zr2.0% ~ 5.0%, Ti1.2% ~ 2.8%, surplus is Cu.
2. the solder for soldering W-Cu composite and Fe base powder alloy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described solder elemental composition by weight percentage comprises: Mn7.0% ~ 9.0%, Co3.5% ~ 4.5%, Ni0.5% ~ 1.5%, Zr2.5% ~ 4.5%, Ti1.5% ~ 2.5%, surplus is Cu.
3. the solder for soldering W-Cu composite and Fe base powder alloy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described solder elemental composition by weight percentage comprises: Mn8.0%, Co4.0%, Ni1.0%, Zr3.5%, Ti2.0%, all the other are Cu.
4. a preparation method for the solder for soldering W-Cu composite and Fe base powder alloy as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
1) take highly purified Mn sheet, Co particle, Ni particle, Zr particle, Ti particle and Cu particle by mass percentage and obtain mixture, put into the container being added with acetone, at the temperature of 18-23 DEG C, carry out ultrasonic cleaning 15 ~ 20min;
2) mixture after step (1) ultrasonic cleaning is dried at the temperature of 30 ~ 50 DEG C, obtain dry mixture;
3) by the uniform solder foundry alloy of method prepared composition of the mixture M n of step (2), Co, Ni, Zr, Ti and Cu employing vacuum induction melting, after the foundry alloy prepared is pulverized, load in the quartz glass tube of high vacuum single roller strip machine;
4) quartz glass tube is installed in gets rid of in the electrical induction circle of band machine, and its nozzle is adjusted to 150 ~ 200 μm to copper roller surface spacing;
5) close fire door, adopt mechanical pump to be evacuated to 1.5 × 10
-3pa, then adopt molecular pump pumping high vacuum, condition of high vacuum degree is not less than 9 × 10
-5pa, then cavity is full of high-purity Ar gas to 200 ~ 230mbar;
6) open motor, make copper roller rotating speed u
sin the scope of 28 ~ 33m/s, then open high frequency electric source, after the foundry alloy high-frequency induction heating in quartz glass tube to complete molten homogeneous, insulation superheated melt 60s ~ 80s;
7) by Ar gas air pressure modulation P=30 ~ 60KPa, with high pressure argon gas, the superheated melt continuous spraying in quartz glass is mapped to the cooling copper roller surface of High Rotation Speed, liquid metal is subject to chilling and forms foil shape, thus obtains solder foil strip, and thickness is 50 ~ 100 μm.
5. the preparation method of the solder for soldering W-Cu composite and Fe base powder alloy of solder according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: in described step (3), quartz glass tube nozzle is rectangle, its length is 8 ~ 10mm, and width is 0.8 ~ 1.2mm.
6. the preparation method of the solder for soldering W-Cu composite and Fe base powder alloy according to claim 4, is characterized in that: in described step (6), copper roller diameter is 250mm, and copper roller width is 50mm.
7. as described in any one of claims 1 to 3 for soldering processes for the solder of soldering W-Cu composite and Fe base powder alloy, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) preparatory stage: W-Cu composite to be brazed and Fe base powder alloy sample end face are cleared up, impurity, greasy dirt and oxide-film that removing is surperficial, W28 ~ W7 abrasive paper for metallograph is utilized to carry out grinding smooth, W-Cu composite, Fe base powder alloy and solder paillon foil are placed in acetone together, adopt Ultrasonic Cleaning 15 ~ 20min, and carry out drying and processing;
(2) assembling stage: the solder paillon foil after cleaning is placed between Fe base powder alloy and W-Cu composite welding surface, and be close to and be assemblied in special brazing jig, guarantee the precision connected, fixture is placed the pressure head of nominal-mass, produces the constant perpendicular pressure of 0.04 ~ 0.06MPa;
(3) the brazing stage: the fixture entirety assembled is placed in vacuum and is not less than 1.5 × 10
-3in the brazing equipment of Pa, first with ramp to 300 ~ 350 DEG C of 6 ~ 10 DEG C/min, insulation 15 ~ 20min, again with ramp to 700 ~ 750 DEG C of 4 ~ 6 DEG C/min, temperature retention time 15 ~ 20min, continue to be warming up to brazing temperature 1000 ~ 1050 DEG C with the speed of 6 ~ 10 DEG C/min again, temperature retention time 20 ~ 45min, 750 ~ 800 DEG C are cooled to again with the speed of 3 ~ 5 DEG C/min, temperature retention time 10 ~ 15min, finally be cooled to 450 ~ 500 DEG C with the speed of 5 ~ 7 DEG C/min, cool to room temperature with the furnace, welded connector is taken out in blow-on.
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