CN105068014A - Parallel single cell performance monitoring system and monitoring method - Google Patents
Parallel single cell performance monitoring system and monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105068014A CN105068014A CN201510541774.XA CN201510541774A CN105068014A CN 105068014 A CN105068014 A CN 105068014A CN 201510541774 A CN201510541774 A CN 201510541774A CN 105068014 A CN105068014 A CN 105068014A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a parallel single cell performance monitoring system and monitoring method. The system comprises a master control module, a voltage acquisition module, a current acquisition module and a current sensor. The maser control module is respectively connected with the voltage acquisition module and the current acquisition module through a CAN bus; the voltage signal joint of the voltage acquisition module is respectively connected with the anode and the cathode of a cell, and the temperature signal joint of the voltage acquisition module is connected with a temperature sensor; the current signal joint of the voltage acquisition module is connected with the current sensor; the master control module is used for receiving, storing and uploading single cell performance parameters transmitted by the current acquisition module and the voltage acquisition module; and the master control module detects insulation resistance of a battery pack and determines whether a fault occurs in a line by use of the relation between the voltage sum of each serially connected single cell and the total voltage of the battery pack. The system provided by the invention can realize measurement of performance parameters of any one single cell in the battery pack and is high in precision.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of battery performance monitoring system and monitoring method, be specifically related to a kind of for cell performance monitoring system in parallel.
Background technology
Battery is as the main power source of electric automobile, and the quality of its performance will directly affect the popularization of electric automobile.Study the discharge and recharge of battery and cycle life characteristics, test battery performance at different conditions has important theory significance and actual application value to electric automobile safety research.
Battery management system is as the equipment of relatively more conventional monitoring battery performance parameter, generally can realize the measurement of single battery voltage, temperature, battery pack current, battery voltage, but electric battery generally forms single battery by multiple cell parallel connection meets battery capacity requirement, more multiple single battery series connection is met battery voltage requirement.In practical application, in order to ensure the consistance of each cell performance in electric battery, can screen cell when electric battery is integrated, select the cell with similar capacity and internal resistance, but this kind of way is still difficult to ensure that in electric battery, each cell initial performance parameter is completely the same, and the condition of work of each cell is also not quite identical.Even if each cell has identical charging and discharging currents in electric battery, if cell initial capacity there are differences, each cell charge-discharge velocity and the degree of depth still can be caused to occur difference.In addition, the difference of single battery internal resistance in electric battery will cause thermo parameters method in electric battery uneven, and then affect its condition of work.But single battery is generally considered as entirety by existing battery testing system, monitoring single battery performance, as the description of internal parallel cell performance, lacks the cell performance monitoring system on practical significance.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the present invention proposes a kind of cell performance monitoring system in parallel, this system can realize the measurement of any cell performance parameter in electric battery.The technical scheme adopted is as follows:
Cell performance monitoring system in parallel, comprising: comprise main control module, voltage acquisition module, current acquisition module, current sensor;
Described main control module is connected with described current acquisition module with described voltage acquisition module respectively by CAN; The voltage signal joint of described voltage acquisition module connects anode and the negative terminal of each cell respectively, and the temperature signal joint of described voltage acquisition module connects temperature sensor; The current signal joint of described current acquisition module connects described current sensor;
The cell performance parameter that described main control module transmits for receiving, storing and upload described current acquisition module and described voltage acquisition module; Described main control module detects electric battery insulation resistance and utilizes the single battery voltage sum of each serial connection and the relation of assembled battery total voltage to judge whether circuit breaks down.
As preferably, described temperature sensor circuit adopts digital temperature sensor DS18B20, and described sensor DS18B20 is attached to cell two pole and housing place.
As preferably, described current sensor adopts Hall element, and the range of described current sensor is respectively 0 ~ 50A and 0 ~ 300A, and the current sensor of described two ranges is arranged on each cell branch road in electric battery simultaneously.
As preferably, described voltage acquisition module comprises monomer battery voltage Acquisition Circuit in parallel, temperature collection circuit, cell overcharge/discharge protection circuit; Described temperature collection circuit is described temperature sensor.
As preferably, described current acquisition module comprises cell current collection circuit in parallel, electric battery total current Acquisition Circuit, assembled battery total voltage Acquisition Circuit, electric battery current foldback circuit.
As preferably, described monomer battery voltage Acquisition Circuit in parallel comprises resistance R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, electric capacity C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, operational amplifier U1A;
One end of described R1 connects the negative pole of cell, the other end of described R1 connects the inverting input of U1A, one end of described R2 connects the positive pole of cell, the other end of described R2 connects the in-phase input end of U1A, the two ends of described R3 connect inverting input and the output terminal of U1A respectively, one end of described R4 connects the in-phase input end of U1A, the other end ground connection of described R4, one end of described R5 connects the output terminal of U1A, the other end of described R5 is as the output BAT of monomer battery voltage Acquisition Circuit in parallel, the two ends of described C1 connect positive pole and the negative pole of cell respectively, one end of described C2 connects the negative pole of cell, the other end ground connection of described C2, one end of described C3 connects the positive pole of cell, the other end ground connection of described C3, one end of described C4 connects a port of U1A, the other end ground connection of described C4, one end of described C5 connects the other end of R5, the other end ground connection of described C5.
As preferably, described cell overcharges/and discharge protection circuit comprises: variable resistor VR1, VR2, resistance R6, R7, electric capacity C6, operational amplifier U2A, U2B;
The one termination power 5V of described VR1, the other end ground connection of described VR1, the in-phase input end of the dividing potential drop termination U2A of described VR1, the one termination power 5V of described VR2, the other end ground connection of described VR2, the inverting input of the dividing potential drop termination U2B of described VR2, the output terminal F2 of output terminal F1 and U2B of U2A is respectively through resistance R6, R7 is pulled to 5V, connect the monomer battery voltage after monomer battery voltage Acquisition Circuit in parallel process between the reverse input end of operational amplifier U2A and the in-phase input end of U2B and export BAT, a port of U2A meets power supply 5V, another port ground connection of U2A, the one termination power 5V of C6, the other end ground connection of C6,
The output terminal F2 of output terminal F1 and U2B of described U2A inputs respectively as with two of door U2, and the described output FAULT with door U2 overcharges the/output of discharge protection circuit as described cell.
As preferably, described cell current collection circuit in parallel comprises: operational amplifier U4A, U5A, resistance R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, R15, electric capacity C7, C8, C9, C10, C11, C12, diode D1;
The output of the one termination Hall element of described R8, the in-phase input end of another termination U4A of described R8, the two ends of described R9 connect inverting input and the output terminal of U4A respectively, the two ends of described R10 connect the output terminal of U4A and the in-phase input end of U5A respectively, the inverting input of the one termination U5A of described R11, the other end ground connection of described R11, the in-phase input end of the one termination U5A of described R12, another termination reference voltage Ref of described R12, the two ends of R13 connect inverting input and the output terminal of U5A respectively, the output terminal of the one termination U5A of R14, the A/D Sampling Interface of main control module described in another termination of R14, the output of the one termination Hall element of R15, the other end ground connection of R15, the in-phase input end of the one termination U4A of C7, the other end ground connection of C7, a port of the one termination U4A of C8, the other end ground connection of C8, another port of the one termination U4A of C9, the other end ground connection of C9, a port of the one termination U5A of C10, the other end ground connection of C10, another port of the one termination U5A of C11, the other end ground connection of C11, the A/D Sampling Interface of main control module described in one termination of C12, the other end ground connection of C12, the negative pole of described D1 connects the other end of R14, the plus earth of described D1.
As preferably, described main control module adopts MC9S12XEP100 chip.
Based on said system, the invention allows for cell performance monitoring method in parallel, comprise the steps:
Step 1, during cell performance monitoring system work in parallel, main control module sends and starts acquisition to voltage acquisition module and current acquisition module;
Step 2, current acquisition module starts to gather each cell electric current in parallel, electric battery total current and assembled battery total voltage; Voltage acquisition module starts to gather monomer battery voltage in parallel and temperature;
Step 3, utilizes instantaneous total voltage and total current to calculate electric battery DC internal resistance, namely
utilize monomer battery voltage in parallel and cell electric current in parallel, calculate internal resistance of single cell;
Step 4, utilizes ampere-hour integral method in conjunction with open-circuit voltage method estimating battery SOC;
Step 5, based on charging voltage curve estimation battery SOH;
Step 6, based on Dynamic array control algorithm estimating battery available output power;
Step 7, main control module utilizes the single battery voltage sum of each serial connection and the relation of assembled battery total voltage to judge whether circuit breaks down.
Compared to the prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention:
(1) the present invention proposes a kind of cell monitoring system in parallel, this system can realize the measurement of any cell performance parameter in electric battery, for studying cell difference in parallel or the research of battery connecting construction on the impact of battery performance provides measurement means.
(2) consider in system that the precision of wide-range current sensor when small area analysis gathers is lower, two two-way high-precision hall current sensors of two amounts journey are installed respectively at same position
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is cell test system structure in parallel;
Fig. 2 is monomer battery voltage Acquisition Circuit in parallel;
Fig. 3 is that cell overcharges/discharge protection circuit;
Fig. 4 is cell current collection circuit in parallel;
Fig. 5 is electric battery current foldback circuit.
Embodiment
The cell performance monitoring system in parallel that the present invention proposes comprises main control module, voltage acquisition module, current acquisition module and corresponding current sensor, temperature sensor etc.
Main control module is configured with CAN interface, USB flash disk memory interface, for receiving, storing and upload the cell performance parameter that current acquisition module and voltage acquisition module transmit, main control module also possesses power battery pack insulation resistance measuring ability, and the single battery voltage sum of each serial connection and the relation of assembled battery total voltage can be utilized to judge whether circuit breaks down.
Voltage acquisition module comprises monomer battery voltage Acquisition Circuit in parallel, temperature collection circuit, cell overcharge/discharge protection circuit; described temperature collection circuit is described temperature sensor; also obtain corresponding cell branch current by CAN simultaneously, calculate internal resistance of single cell.Voltage acquisition module gathers monomer battery voltage and temperature, and for characterizing monomer cell operating status, cell overcharges/discharge protection circuit, for ensureing battery safety in the course of the work, preventing cell to overcharge/cross and putting.
Current acquisition module comprises cell current collection circuit in parallel, electric battery total current Acquisition Circuit, assembled battery total voltage Acquisition Circuit, electric battery current foldback circuit, can also calculate electric battery DC internal resistance, SOH (Stateofhealth), SOC (stateofcapacity) and available output power etc. simultaneously.Cell current collection circuit in parallel is used for the estimation of cell state parameter, for characterizing monomer cell operating status, electric battery total current Acquisition Circuit and assembled battery total voltage Acquisition Circuit for calculating electric battery DC internal resistance, characterizing battery group current state.Electric battery current foldback circuit prevents electric battery overcurrent, ensures monomer cell safety.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention will be further elaborated, should be noted that following explanation is only to explain the present invention, not limiting its content.
Fig. 1 is cell performance monitoring system topological structure in parallel, as can be seen from Figure 1 cell performance monitoring system in parallel comprises main control module, current acquisition module, voltage acquisition module, and main control module is connected with voltage acquisition module with current acquisition module by CAN; Main control module adopts MC9S12XEP100 master chip, but is not only confined to this master chip; Cell group in parallel has the cell of multiple parallel connection to form, the voltage signal joint of voltage acquisition module connects positive and negative terminal, the temperature signal joint jointing temp sensor of each cell in batteries in parallel connection group respectively, temperature sensor adopts digital temperature sensor DS18B20, convert temperature signal to serial digital signal, directly give main control module to process, described sensor DS18B20 is attached to cell two pole and housing place.The current signal joint of current acquisition module connects Hall type current sensor, and Hall element lays respectively on each monounsaturated monomer battery branch road.
Fig. 2 is monomer battery voltage Acquisition Circuit in parallel, cell positive pole connects the in-phase input end of amplifier chip U1A through resistance R2, cell negative pole connects the reverse input end of amplifier chip U1A through resistance R1, simultaneously, the indirect electric capacity C1 of cell positive pole and negative pole, positive pole is through electric capacity C3 ground connection, negative pole is through electric capacity C2 ground connection, in addition, operational amplifier in-phase input end is through resistance R4 ground connection, reverse input end connects the output terminal of operational amplifier through resistance R3, and the output BAT of output terminal after resistance R5, C5 connects the AD sample port of main control module; As the resistance R1=R2 in circuit, be typical amplifier differential amplifier circuit during resistance R3=R4.
Fig. 3 is that cell overcharges/discharge protection circuit, monomer battery voltage after monomer battery voltage Acquisition Circuit in parallel process exports BAT and connects the inverting input of two operational amplifier U2A and the in-phase input end of U2B respectively, slide rheostat VR1 two ends and connect 5V and ground respectively, the in-phase input end of the termination operational amplifier U2A after dividing potential drop, slide rheostat VR2 two ends and connect 5V and ground respectively, the inverting input of the termination operational amplifier U2B after dividing potential drop, the output terminal F1 of operational amplifier U2B, the output terminal F2 of U2B is respectively through resistance R6, R7 is pulled to 5V, simultaneously F1 and F2 inputs respectively as with two of door chip U2, the output FAULT of U2 chip is for overcharging/putting mark, send the middle fracture of main control module.
Regulate and slide the setting that rheostat VR1 can realize most high charge cut-off voltage, in like manner, regulate and slide the setting that rheostat VR2 can realize minimum discharge cut-off voltage, when battery charging and discharging voltage is positioned between discharge and recharge cut-off voltage, F1=1F2=1, below battery discharge to discharge cut-off voltage, F1=1F2=0, when battery charges to more than charge cutoff voltage, F1=0F2=1, again because F1 and F2 connects the input end with door U2 respectively, namely when cell voltage is normal, the output FAULT=1 of U2 chip, and over-charging of battery/when putting, FAULT=0.
Fig. 4 is cell current collection circuit in parallel, the Hall type current sensor output Current_In adopted is through resistance R15 ground connection, connect the in-phase input end of operational amplifier U4A through resistance R8 simultaneously, the inverting input of operational amplifier U4A is connected with output terminal through resistance R9, form follower, improve the carrying load ability of signal, the in-phase input end of U4A is by electric capacity C7 ground connection, port ground connection after electric capacity C8 of U4A, another port ground connection after electric capacity C9 of U4A.The output terminal of operational amplifier U4A connects another operational amplifier U5A in-phase input end through resistance R10, operational amplifier U5A inverting input is through resistance R11 ground connection, the in-phase input end of U5A meets reference voltage Ref through resistance R12 in addition, the inverting input of U5A connects the output terminal of operational amplifier U5A through resistance R13, port ground connection after electric capacity C10 of U5A, another port ground connection after electric capacity C11 of U5A, the output terminal of operational amplifier U5A is through resistance R14, diode D1, output signal Current_AD after electric capacity C12 connects the AD sample port of main control module.
Above-mentioned electric battery total current Acquisition Circuit is similar with cell current sampling circuit in parallel, but consider that the precision of wide-range current sensor when small area analysis gathers is lower, for improving current sample precision, two two-way high-precision hall current sensors of 0 ~ 50A and 0 ~ 300A range are installed respectively at same position.
Fig. 5 is electric battery current foldback circuit, electric battery total current after the process of electric battery total current Acquisition Circuit connects the inverting input of two operational amplifier U6A and the in-phase input end of U7A respectively, slide rheostat VR3 two ends and connect 5V and ground respectively, the in-phase input end of the termination operational amplifier U6A after dividing potential drop, slide rheostat VR4 two ends and connect 5V and ground respectively, the inverting input of the termination operational amplifier U7A after dividing potential drop, operational amplifier U6A, the output terminal of U7A is respectively through resistance R16, R17 is pulled to 5V, regulate and slide the setting that rheostat VR3 can realize maximum discharge current, in like manner, regulate and slide the setting that rheostat VR4 can realize maximum charging current, when battery charging and discharging electric current is positioned at most high charge-discharge electric current, F1=1, F2=1, when battery discharge current is higher than maximum discharge current, F1=0, F2=1, when battery charge is higher than maximum charging current, F1=1, F2=0, again because F1 and F2 connects the input end with door U3 respectively, namely when battery charging and discharging electric current is normal, the output FAULT_i=1 of U3 chip, and during the larger charging and discharging currents of electric battery appearance, FAULT_i=0.
Above-mentioned assembled battery total voltage Acquisition Circuit is similar with monomer battery voltage Acquisition Circuit in parallel.
Monitoring method based on the present invention's cell performance monitoring system in parallel is:
(1), during system works, main control module sends and starts acquisition to voltage acquisition module and current acquisition module;
(2) current acquisition module starts to gather each cell electric current in parallel, electric battery total current and assembled battery total voltage; Voltage acquisition module starts to gather monomer battery voltage in parallel and temperature;
(3) instantaneous total voltage and total current is utilized to calculate electric battery DC internal resistance, namely
utilize monomer battery voltage in parallel and cell electric current in parallel, calculate internal resistance of single cell;
(4) utilize ampere-hour integral method in conjunction with open-circuit voltage method estimating battery SOC;
(5) based on charging voltage curve estimation battery SOH;
(6) based on Dynamic array control algorithm estimating battery available output power.
(7) main control module utilizes the single battery voltage sum of each serial connection and the relation of assembled battery total voltage to judge whether circuit breaks down.Main control module is stored in USB storage device in conjunction with each cell performance parameter real-time clock time every certain setting-up time.
The above is only for describing technical scheme of the present invention; the protection domain be not intended to limit the present invention; should be understood that under the prerequisite without prejudice to flesh and blood of the present invention and spirit, institute changes or equivalent to replace etc. all will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. cell performance monitoring system in parallel, is characterized in that, comprising: main control module, voltage acquisition module, current acquisition module, current sensor;
Described main control module is connected with described current acquisition module with described voltage acquisition module respectively by CAN; The voltage signal joint of described voltage acquisition module connects anode and the negative terminal of each cell respectively, and the temperature signal joint of described voltage acquisition module connects temperature sensor; The current signal joint of described current acquisition module connects described current sensor;
The cell performance parameter that described main control module transmits for receiving, storing and upload described current acquisition module and described voltage acquisition module; Described main control module detects electric battery insulation resistance and utilizes the single battery voltage sum of each serial connection and the relation of assembled battery total voltage to judge whether circuit breaks down.
2. cell performance monitoring system in parallel according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described temperature sensor adopts digital temperature sensor DS18B20, and described temperature sensor is attached to cell two pole and housing place.
3. cell performance monitoring system in parallel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described current sensor adopts Hall element, the range of described current sensor is respectively 0 ~ 50A and 0 ~ 300A, and the current sensor of two ranges is arranged on each cell branch road in electric battery simultaneously.
4. cell performance monitoring system in parallel according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described voltage acquisition module comprises monomer battery voltage Acquisition Circuit in parallel, temperature collection circuit, cell overcharge/discharge protection circuit; Described temperature collection circuit is described temperature sensor.
5. cell performance monitoring system in parallel according to claim 1; it is characterized in that, described current acquisition module comprises cell current collection circuit in parallel, electric battery total current Acquisition Circuit, assembled battery total voltage Acquisition Circuit, electric battery current foldback circuit.
6. cell performance monitoring system in parallel according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described monomer battery voltage Acquisition Circuit in parallel comprises resistance R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, electric capacity C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, operational amplifier U1A;
One end of described R1 connects the negative pole of cell, the other end of described R1 connects the inverting input of U1A, one end of described R2 connects the positive pole of cell, the other end of described R2 connects the in-phase input end of U1A, the two ends of described R3 connect inverting input and the output terminal of U1A respectively, one end of described R4 connects the in-phase input end of U1A, the other end ground connection of described R4, one end of described R5 connects the output terminal of U1A, the other end of described R5 is as the output BAT of monomer battery voltage Acquisition Circuit in parallel, the two ends of described C1 connect positive pole and the negative pole of cell respectively, one end of described C2 connects the negative pole of cell, the other end ground connection of described C2, one end of described C3 connects the positive pole of cell, the other end ground connection of described C3, one end of described C4 connects a port of U1A, the other end ground connection of described C4, one end of described C5 connects the other end of R5, the other end ground connection of described C5.
7. cell performance monitoring system in parallel according to claim 4, is characterized in that, and described cell overcharges/and discharge protection circuit comprises: variable resistor VR1, VR2, resistance R6, R7, electric capacity C6, operational amplifier U2A, U2B;
The one termination power 5V of described VR1, the other end ground connection of described VR1, the in-phase input end of the dividing potential drop termination U2A of described VR1, the one termination power 5V of described VR2, the other end ground connection of described VR2, the inverting input of the dividing potential drop termination U2B of described VR2, the output terminal F2 of output terminal F1 and U2B of U2A is respectively through resistance R6, R7 is pulled to 5V, connect the monomer battery voltage after monomer battery voltage Acquisition Circuit in parallel process between the reverse input end of operational amplifier U2A and the in-phase input end of U2B and export BAT, a port of U2A meets power supply 5V, another port ground connection of U2A, the one termination power 5V of C6, the other end ground connection of C6,
The output terminal F2 of output terminal F1 and U2B of described U2A inputs respectively as with two of door U2, and the described output FAULT with door U2 overcharges the/output of discharge protection circuit as described cell.
8. cell performance monitoring system in parallel according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described cell current collection circuit in parallel comprises: operational amplifier U4A, U5A, resistance R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, R15, electric capacity C7, C8, C9, C10, C11, C12, diode D1;
The output of the one termination Hall element of described R8, the in-phase input end of another termination U4A of described R8, the two ends of described R9 connect inverting input and the output terminal of U4A respectively, the two ends of described R10 connect the output terminal of U4A and the in-phase input end of U5A respectively, the inverting input of the one termination U5A of described R11, the other end ground connection of described R11, the in-phase input end of the one termination U5A of described R12, another termination reference voltage Ref of described R12, the two ends of R13 connect inverting input and the output terminal of U5A respectively, the output terminal of the one termination U5A of R14, the A/D Sampling Interface of main control module described in another termination of R14, the output of the one termination Hall element of R15, the other end ground connection of R15, the in-phase input end of the one termination U4A of C7, the other end ground connection of C7, a port of the one termination U4A of C8, the other end ground connection of C8, another port of the one termination U4A of C9, the other end ground connection of C9, a port of the one termination U5A of C10, the other end ground connection of C10, another port of the one termination U5A of C11, the other end ground connection of C11, the A/D Sampling Interface of main control module described in one termination of C12, the other end ground connection of C12, the negative pole of described D1 connects the other end of R14, the plus earth of described D1.
9. cell performance monitoring system in parallel according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described main control module adopts MC9S12XEP100 chip.
10. cell performance monitoring method in parallel, is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
Step 1, during cell performance monitoring system work in parallel, main control module sends and starts acquisition to voltage acquisition module and current acquisition module;
Step 2, current acquisition module starts to gather each cell electric current in parallel, electric battery total current and assembled battery total voltage; Voltage acquisition module starts to gather monomer battery voltage in parallel and temperature;
Step 3, utilizes instantaneous total voltage and total current to calculate electric battery DC internal resistance, namely
utilize monomer battery voltage in parallel and cell electric current in parallel, calculate internal resistance of single cell;
Step 4, utilizes ampere-hour integral method in conjunction with open-circuit voltage method estimating battery SOC;
Step 5, based on charging voltage curve estimation battery SOH;
Step 6, based on Dynamic array control algorithm estimating battery available output power;
Step 7, main control module utilizes the single battery voltage sum of each serial connection and the relation of assembled battery total voltage to judge whether circuit breaks down.
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